CN102403989B - Time delay device compatible for plurality of level simulating signals - Google Patents
Time delay device compatible for plurality of level simulating signals Download PDFInfo
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- CN102403989B CN102403989B CN 201110361299 CN201110361299A CN102403989B CN 102403989 B CN102403989 B CN 102403989B CN 201110361299 CN201110361299 CN 201110361299 CN 201110361299 A CN201110361299 A CN 201110361299A CN 102403989 B CN102403989 B CN 102403989B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a time delay device compatible for a plurality of level simulating signals, which expands the range of controlling signals of a time delay circuit to the field of irregular variable signals, such as audio signals, etc.. By regulating impedances of signal sources with matched resistances in a signal inputting and matching module and by regulating the proportion of input resistances, noises and normal input signals are distinguished, in this way, the time delay device disclosed by the invention can both detect high-resistance signals and change a reference voltage so as to detect low-level signals accurately. The time delay device compatible for the plurality of level simulating signals is mainly applied to the fields of electronic technology and automatic control, expands the range of a control signal source, and is mainly applied to but not limited to the application which employs voice signals as the control signal source.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to application electric technology, relate in particular to a kind of analog signal time-delay mechanism.
Background technology
Voice signal itself is exactly time varying signal, and after the voice signal between different bytes converts the signal of telecommunication to by pick-up, there is the state of positive and negative and zero passage in the people when speaking.And a word of natural language finishes, and signal is also the state that is in zero passage.
In this case, how to judge in short whether finish, can not rely on merely the level of voice signal have or not and just judge.This just needs delay technique.
In addition, the somebody speaks loud, and somebody's sound of speaking is little, and this natural-sounding signal shows on the amplitude of signal to be very different.So just need to can both identify and detect the voice signal of different amplitudes, that is to say needs a kind of signal detection technique that can compatible varying level.
For normal voice signal, its amplitude, frequency are all at temporal evolution.If want the switch that has or not to come control apparatus with voice signal, namely when having voice signal, switch opens, when there is no voice signal, switch cuts out.
In prior art there be much delay circuit, as: Chinese invention patent: Table lamp controlled by sound Electronic Control [number of patent application: 87202202], Granted publication day: on February 17th, 1987.This electronic controller of sound-control table lamp is comprised of pick-up, audio amplifier circuit, switching circuit, output circuit, executive circuit lamp, and wherein switching circuit triggers electrical equipment, integrator delay-time circuit, monostable circuit three cell formations by the emitter-base bandgap grading coupling.Electronic controller can be turned on light in acoustic control, Delayed illumination is automatic distinguishing about one minute, if long-time illumination is used, to control potentiometer to time-delay after turning on light and be transferred to maximum, this electronic controller has certain anti-interference acoustic performance, can realize the time-delay of audio signal is controlled, but consist of trigger with discrete component, the device that uses is many, and the signal amplitude of incoming level is had certain requirement.
Chinese patent application: have the circuit protecting switch [number of patent application number: 200610064763] of time-delay trigger, open day: on June 20th, 2007, disclose a kind of circuit protecting switch.
Above-mentioned control circuit and circuit protecting switch limit to some extent to the amplitude of the signal of input, can not realize triggering control with any amplitude analog quantity.For example use the base stage of discharge diode as the input of control signal, due to the driving voltage of transistor base more than 0.7V, can't distinguish for the level lower than 0.7V, simultaneously, because triode is the current drive-type device, for the input signal source of high impedance, also can't make correct response.
Summary of the invention
the audio-switch that the present invention is directed to the prior art existence can not detect continuous voice signal, detection for input signal, all need to have the defective in certain amplitude and certain triggered time, the invention provides a kind of time-delay mechanism that can compatible with multiple level analogue signals, can solve time-delay mechanism of the prior art by this device and input signal be had the problem of certain amplitude requirement, realize the compatibility of plurality of level input signal, and can mate from the signal source of different impedances by configuring different build-out resistors, thereby realize with different analog signal triggered time control modules, and then realization is to the control of different phonetic signal delay response time.
The technical scheme that technical solution problem of the present invention is taked is as follows:
Design a kind of level analogue signals time-delay mechanism, this time-delay mechanism comprises, signal input and matching module, reference voltage generation module, signal shaping module, time control module, driving Executive Module.Signal input and matching module to the voice signal dividing potential drop of collection, carry out RC filtering after, send into the input of signal shaping module.Reference voltage module is set reference voltage, sends into the signal shaping module input after dividing potential drop, and the signal shaping module adopts voltage comparator to realize, its anti-phase input termination reference voltage, and the in-phase input end signal is from the output signal of signal input and matching module.The Low ESR square-wave signal that signal shaping module output output amplitude is fixing.Time control module comprises 555 timers, discharge diode, current-limiting resistance, timing capacitor, timing resistor and isolating diode.When signal shaping module output high level during to the discharge diode of time control module, trigger the discharge diode conducting, give regularly capacitor discharge by isolating diode, make the voltage of timer lower than the threshold voltage VDD/3 of 555 timers, 555 timers are just exported high level to driving Executive Module; When signal shaping module output low level, the discharge diode cut-off is given regularly capacitor charging by timing resistor, and when the voltage of triggering timer was elevated to 2VDD/3,555 timer output low levels regularly finished.Consist of " driving actuator " by a triode and a relay, be used for carrying out specific action.
555 timers are connected into Schmidt trigger, two comparator A1 in 555 timers, the output voltage control RS trigger of A2 and the state of discharge tube, access voltage between power supply and ground, when the trigger input is unsettled, the voltage of the inverting input of comparator A1 is VDD/3, the voltage of the in-phase input end of A2 is VDD/3, if the voltage of trigger input is less than VDD/3, comparator A2 is output as high level, trigger triggers output output high level, if the voltage of threshold value input is greater than 2 VDD/3, the voltage of TR end is greater than VCC/3 simultaneously, A1 is output as high level, A2 is output as low level, trigger triggers the output output low level.
The present invention can be irregular, and the natural-sounding signal that amplitude does not wait carries out shaping, realization is with the purpose that has or not to control output of continuous speech signal, overcomes existing delay circuit triggering level and be all the high level that continues or lasting low level, or the single pulse signal.What the present invention had expanded delay circuit executes the control range of signal, expand to the irregular alternating signal such as voice signal field, can by conditioning signal input and matching module in the impedance in resistance value matched signal source, and realize differentiation to noise and normal input signal by the ratio of adjusting input resistance, this device both can have been realized the detection to the high resistant signal, can change reference voltage again and correctly detect low level signal.The present invention is mainly used in electronic technology and automation field, has expanded the scope in control signal source.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 technical scheme theory diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 time-delay mechanism electrical schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 time control module circuit diagram;
Fig. 4 drives the Executive Module circuit diagram;
The control device figure of double duplex intercom of Fig. 5 audio signal;
Fig. 6 sound-controlled delay lamp device figure;
Fig. 7 sound-controlled delay electric lamp control device figure;
Fig. 8 touching delay-action switch control device figure.
Embodiment
The present invention designs a kind of analog level signal time-delay mechanism, be illustrated in figure 1 as technical scheme theory diagram of the present invention, this device comprises: signal input and matching module, reference voltage generation module, signal shaping module, time control module, driving Executive Module.Below for accompanying drawing, each module is specifically described.
Be illustrated in figure 2 as the time-delay mechanism electrical schematic diagram, embodiment is as follows:
(1) signal input and matching module
After signal input and matching module importation employing divider resistance R1 and R2 dividing potential drop, do RC filtering through R3 and C1, after noise is carried out filtering, signal is sent into the input of signal shaping module.Divider resistance is adjusted the signal amplitude of input, to adapt to the requirement of Shaping Module; Do the coupling of input impedance, to adapt to unlike signal source and jamproof coupling requirement.Suitably reduce input resistance, can realize better interference free performance.For the output signal of Electret condenser microphone, be for example low-impedance voltage signal, certain antijamming capability is arranged, can suitably reduce input resistance.For the higher signal of Amplitude Ratio, ratio that can be by increasing R1 and R2 decays to signal significantly, to avoid the comparator input saturated.
(2) reference voltage generation module
The voltage that reference voltage module provides is delivered to signal shaping module I C1A after passing through divider resistance R4 and R5 dividing potential drop by supply voltage, wherein resistance R 5 is adjustable, by adjusting this resistance, can set reference voltage, thereby realization is to the processing of varying level analog signal.Reference voltage is connected on the inverting input of comparator, and the voice signal of input is connected on the in-phase input end of comparator.Be used for distinguishing voice signal and background noise.For example, for the audio output signal of standard, its voltage magnitude is 1V, supposes that background noise is 0.2V, that is to say when there is no voice signal, and the signal of inputting this module also has 0.2V, and like this, the setting of reference voltage just can not be lower than 0.2V.Will be according to concrete circuit and actual test result in actual application, the amplitude of background noise and normal audio signal there is the value of setting again reference voltage after clearly understanding.
(3) signal shaping module
The signal shaping module adopts voltage comparator ic 1A to realize, its anti-phase input termination reference voltage, in-phase input end connect the signal that comes from signal input and matching module, and output is through the Low ESR square-wave signal after shaping.The function that this module realizes is different input signals to be unified into amplitude equate, approximates the Low ESR constant amplitude square of supply voltage, is convenient to the back and processes with identical method is unified.
For the voice signal of different amplitudes, after processing through comparator, its input signal or higher than reference level, comparator output high level approximates supply voltage; Lower than reference level, the comparator output low level approximates 0V.After processing like this, just the signal of different amplitudes is unified into the signal that amplitude equates, is convenient to subsequent treatment.
(4) time control module
Be illustrated in figure 3 as the time control module circuit diagram.
Base drive resistance R 9 by 555 timer IC1, discharge diode Q2, current-limiting resistance R10, timing capacitor C3, timing resistor R11 and isolating diode D2 and jamproof pull down resistor R12, triode Q2 forms.
555 timers are connected into Schmidt trigger, and VDD is supply voltage.When signal shaping module output high level during to the discharge diode Q2 of time control module, the Q2 conducting, discharge to C3 by D2, there is no resistance in loop due to C3, D2, Q2 formation, voltage instantaneous on C3 is lower than the threshold voltage VDD/3 of 555 timers, and 555 output high level are given and driven Executive Module.
In the time of input normal voice signal, due to voice signal amplitude temporal evolution, may be at any time higher than reference voltage or lower than reference voltage, Q2 conducting and cut-off repeatedly like this.When Q2 ended, power supply charged to C3 by R11, the C3 potential rise.But the C3 potential rise needs the regular hour.If the time of Q2 cut-off is shorter, when the voltage on C3 was not also sufficiently high, Q2 conducting again discharged to C3.In this process, 555 outputs are always high level, and this is a word in corresponding normal complete voice signal just.
When voice disappeared, the signal of signal input and matching module output will be lower than reference voltage.Q2 cut-off this moment, C3 charges by R11, after after a while, the C3 potential rise time the 2VDD/3,555 timer output low levels, regularly end.Timing is exactly to disappear time to the potential rise of timing capacitor to 2VDD/3 from input speech signal.Due to this section existence of time of delay, even make input signal have the voice signal of zero crossing, also can make accurately having or not of signal and distinguishing, if the voice signal amplitude lower than time of reference voltage less than time of delay, just can make the judgement of signal existence.That is to say: when the voice signal input was arranged, this module was output as high level immediately.When voice signal lower than reference voltage the time, be not trigging signal immediately, but the time remaining a period of time that needs this state trigging signal.Because the dead time between byte is short, and the dead time in short is long, so just differentiation has been made in the pause between the pause between byte in voice signal and a word.This has or not judgement effective especially for this speech-like signal.According to the reality test, when be the 1S left and right time of delay, can distinguish preferably the normal pause of people's normal voice.
(5) drive Executive Module
Be illustrated in figure 4 as and drive the Executive Module circuit diagram.The driving Executive Module is sent in the output of time control module.Drive Executive Module by output resistance R7, output isolating diode D1, pull down resistor R8, switching tube Q1 and executive component relay consist of.The signal that time control module is provided amplifies rear drive actuator practical function to be controlled, and for example drives relay or provide level signal to be connected with follow-up circuit.
Owing to having used voltage comparator as the input that drives the Executive Module signal, and drive discharge diode with the Low ESR output of comparator, thereby effectively overcome the drawback that original incoming level is restricted, input impedance is low, expanded the application scenario of traditional delay circuit.
One of concrete implementation section: the transformation of half-duplex intercom.Be illustrated in figure 5 as the control device figure of double duplex intercom of audio signal
The working method of half-duplex intercom is all need to press the emission button could realize sending voice messaging to the other side at present, and it is convenient not to use.Utilize this circuit can realize that when namely speaking, intercom is opened automatically, closes in the time of dumb with the control of sound to intercom.
Use audio signal as the input end signal of this time-delay mechanism, be input to the inverting input of voltage comparator ic 1A, the reference voltage of audio signal and inverting input relatively, when the audio signal input is arranged, conducting and the cut-off of voltage comparator output high-low level signal driver triode Q2.Because the voltage of capacitor C 3 can not suddenly change, if Q2 conducting cut-off repeatedly, the voltage of C3 can repeated charge also maintain below 2VDD/3, thereby 555 continue the output high level, triode Q1 keeps conducting, and the button that is equivalent to intercom is pressed ground connection, realizes voice transfer.When dumb the time, audio signal disappears, the voltage comparator output low level, and Q2 ends, and C3 is charged to 2VDD/3 through approximately second time-delay, 555 circuit output low levels, Q1 cut-off, device delay autoshutdown in one second.
To being described as follows of other devices in figure: the A point is voice signal directly to be sent into the microphone of intercom, provides control signal by " signal input and matching module " to circuit simultaneously.
The application of this type, the audio signal of its input includes but not limited to: the audio signal that obtains by acoustical-electrical transducer, the audio signal by the output of the audio output interfaces such as broadcast receiver, recorder, mobile phone, MP3, MP4.
Concrete implementation divide two: the nonsense transcripter
Voice signal is still as input signal, different is, amplify the power supply of the Control tape recorder in actuator, control the mains switch of recorder with relay closes, unlatching, like this somniloquous the time, audio signal is sent to the input of device, drives the actuating of relay by this device, controls recorder and begins recording.When not somniloquous the time, postpone one second, relay disconnects, and End of Tape has been avoided the waste of tape.
Concrete implementation divide three: the sound-controlled delay electric light
Fig. 6 sound-controlled delay lamp device figure, Fig. 7 sound-controlled delay electric lamp control device figure.Change the voice signal in signal input and matching module importation into piezoelectric ceramic piece, cancel resistance R 2, drive and drive actuator in Executive Module and change electric light into, can realize the electric light with applause control.
Concrete implementation divide four: touching delay-action switch
Fig. 8 touching delay-action switch control device figure.As touching delay-action switch, change signal input and matching module importation source speech signal into touch key-press, increase pull-up resistor R14.When hand touches touch key-press, utilize the resistance of human body to make the moment rising of touch key-press current potential, drive Executive Module output high level, after touching end, delay time a period of time, drive the Executive Module output low level, reach the purpose that time-delay is controlled.
The present invention can carry out shaping to irregular input signal, realizes that the purpose of delaying time and triggering with means of chaotic signals, delay circuit triggering level in the past are all the high level that continues or lasting low level, or the single pulse signal.
Claims (6)
1. the time-delay mechanism of a compatible with multiple level analogue signals, comprise, signal input and matching module, reference voltage generation module, the signal shaping module, time control module, drive Executive Module, it is characterized in that, signal input and the voice signal dividing potential drop of matching module to gathering, carry out RC filtering, input impedance is mated, send into the input of signal shaping module, reference voltage generation module adjusting resistance is set reference voltage, voltage comparator anti-phase input termination reference voltage in the signal shaping module, in-phase input end connects the output of signal input and matching module, the Low ESR square-wave signal that signal shaping module output amplitude equates, time control module comprises 555 timers, discharge diode Q2, current-limiting resistance R10, timing capacitor C3, timing resistor R11 and isolating diode D2, 555 timers are connected into Schmidt trigger, when signal shaping module output high level during to the discharge diode Q2 of time control module, the Q2 conducting, discharge to C3 by D2, voltage instantaneous on C3 is lower than the threshold voltage VDD/3 of 555 timers, 555 output high level are given and are driven Executive Module, when signal shaping module output low level, the discharge diode cut-off, timing capacitor is charged by timing resistor, when the voltage of triggering timer is elevated to 2VDD/3, 555 timer output low levels, regularly finish, drive the rear Low ESR output output of the high level amplification driving actuator that in Executive Module, voltage comparator is exported time control module.
2. time-delay mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, 555 timers are connected into Schmidt trigger, two comparator A1 in 555 timers, the output voltage control RS trigger of A2 and the state of discharge tube, access voltage between power supply and ground, when the trigger input is unsettled, the voltage of the inverting input of comparator A1 is VDD/3, the voltage of the in-phase input end of A2 is VDD/3, if the voltage of trigger input is less than VDD/3, comparator A2 is output as high level, trigger triggers output output high level, if the voltage of threshold value input is greater than 2 VDD/3, the voltage of TR end is greater than VCC/3 simultaneously, A1 is output as high level, A2 is output as low level, trigger triggers the output output low level.
3. time-delay mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, when input speech signal, voice signal amplitude temporal evolution makes Q2 conducting and cut-off repeatedly, when Q2 ended, power supply charged to C3 by R11, the C3 potential rise, if the time of Q2 cut-off is short, the Q2 conducting is discharged to C3, and 555 outputs are always high level, when voice signal disappears, the signal of signal input and matching module output is lower than reference voltage, Q2 cut-off, C3 charges by R11, and the C3 potential rise is during to 2VDD/3,555 timer output low levels regularly finish.
4. time-delay mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, when input audio signal, audio signal is input to the inverting input of voltage comparator ic 1A, with the reference voltage comparison of inverting input, when the audio signal input is arranged, conducting and the cut-off of voltage comparator output high-low level signal driver triode Q2, the voltage meeting repeated charge of C3 also maintains below 2VDD/3, thus 555 lasting output high level, and triode Q1 keeps conducting; When the audio signal disappearance, the voltage comparator output low level, the Q2 cut-off, C3 is charged to 2VDD/3 through time-delay, 555 circuit output low levels, Q1 cut-off.
5. time-delay mechanism according to claim 1, is characterized in that, partly changes the voice signal dividing potential drop in signal input and matching module importation into piezoelectric ceramic piece, cancels resistance R 2, and driving actuator changes electric light into, realizes the sound-controlled delay electric light.
6. time-delay mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, when contacting with the matching module input, input touches button, access pull-up resistor R14 between touch key-press and power supply, touch key-press utilizes human body resistance to make the moment rising of touch key-press current potential, drives Executive Module output high level, touches and finishes, drive the Executive Module output low level, realize time-delay control.
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| CN102420596B (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2013-11-27 | 汉柏科技有限公司 | Delay device compatible with multiple level analogue signals |
| CN104408835B (en) * | 2014-10-21 | 2018-01-12 | 深圳市易联技术有限公司 | A kind of means for anti-jamming in the communication applied to POS terminal wireline audio |
| CN105610419A (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2016-05-25 | 无锡矽林威电子有限公司 | Voltage detection time-delay shielding circuit |
| CN106523337B (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2018-08-21 | 歌思（天津）低温设备有限公司 | A kind of low-power consumption type oil-free flow switch |
| CN107425822B (en) * | 2017-05-09 | 2024-03-26 | 广州慧智微电子股份有限公司 | Filtering circuit and method |
| CN108063599B (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2024-05-28 | 深圳京柏医疗科技股份有限公司 | Audio amplifying circuit and working method thereof |
| CN113504756B (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2023-03-21 | 巨翊科技（上海）有限公司 | Time delay method and system based on voice circuit, circuit protection method and device |
| CN114256052A (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2022-03-29 | 浙江迪谱诊断技术有限公司 | Pulse delay device, method and time-of-flight mass spectrometer comprising pulse delay device |
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| JP4015937B2 (en) * | 2002-12-06 | 2007-11-28 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | Duty ratio correction circuit |
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| CN1122534A (en) * | 1994-08-29 | 1996-05-15 | 株式会社日立制作所 | Low distortion switch |
| CN200953546Y (en) * | 2006-06-12 | 2007-09-26 | 北京希格玛和芯微电子技术有限公司 | Pulse sequence generating device |
| US7439787B2 (en) * | 2006-07-27 | 2008-10-21 | Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for a digital pulse width modulator using multiple delay locked loops |
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