CN102402453B - System virtual machine for microprocessor without interlocked piped stages (MIPS) platform - Google Patents
System virtual machine for microprocessor without interlocked piped stages (MIPS) platform Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention aims at the problem that a microprocessor without interlocked piped stages (MIPS) platform is not assisted and supported by hardware, discloses a system virtual machine for the MIPS platform by using a lightweight virtualization technology, and provides high-efficiency virtualization infrastructure support for upper-layer application. Modules of the virtual machine mainly comprise physical hardware, a host operating system (OS), a virtual machine inner core, virtual hardware, an equipment model, a client OS and a host quick emulator (QEMU) process. Execution modes of the virtual machine mainly comprise a management mode, an inner core mode and a user mode. According to an application request, by adoption of the virtual machine, the technical problem that an MIPS processor is not assisted and supported by the hardware is solved; and by adoption of a lightweight inner core virtual machine technology, virtualization application requirements in the embedded field can be met, and the virtualization application requirements in the field of servers can be also met. Therefore, the virtual machine has the characteristics of light weight, wide application prospect, remarkable economic benefit and the like.
Description
(1) technical field
The invention discloses a kind of system virtual machine, relate in particular to a kind of system virtual machine towards MIPS platform (English is abbreviated as MIPSVM), MIPS refers to " without the microprocessor of inner interlocked pipelining-stage " (Microprocessor without interlocked piped stages).Belong to field of computer technology.
(2) background technology
System virtualization is the important research direction that Computer Systems Organization combines with computer system software.It by increasing monitor of virtual machine (Virtual Machine Monitor between computer system hardware and operating system, be called for short VMM), the physical resource of computer system is carried out abstract, the tight dependence between isolation hardware system structure and software; By multiple physical resources such as the CPU of dynamic organization, internal memory, I/O, build flexibly the virtual machine of multiple mutual isolation, meet diversified application demand; Time between applying by excavation and the concurrency in space, the utilization factor of raising resource.
Intel Virtualization Technology proposed first in the sixties in 20th century, was mainly in order large scale computer hardware to be carried out to subregion to improve hardware utilization factor at that time.In the eighties in 20th century and the nineties, due to client-server application program and cheap x86 server and the development of desktop computer, when distributed computing technology is increasingly mature, Intel Virtualization Technology had made no public appearances at that time substantially.The nineties in 20th century Windows be widely used and Linux as the appearance of server OS, the industry standard status of having established x86 server.Along with the growth that x86 server and desktop are disposed, bring newly for the IT infrastructure such as retractility, dirigibility and poor reliability and a running difficult problem, this makes Intel Virtualization Technology obtain in recent years recovery.In recent years along with the popularization day by day of cloud computing, the advantage of Intel Virtualization Technology in business application embodies day by day.The virtual traditional IT infrastructure of enterprise that changed is disposed and way to manage, has significantly improved retractility, dirigibility and the reliability of infrastructure.Its concept be deep into enterprise even everyone daily work with life in, become one of technology with fastest developing speed in current global software industry.
In recent years, along with the develop rapidly of MIPS cpu performance, the application of MIPS CPU has been not limited only to traditional embedded system field, the high performance MIPS CPU of part is also applied in commercial server gradually, also i.e. embedded or all expanding days to MIPS platform and virtualization applications demand thereof of server field.Along with since Intel Virtualization Technology fast development, the flush bonding processor field including MIPS architecture processor, has proposed new demand to Intel Virtualization Technology on the other hand.But, by X86, PowerPC (PPC), the contrast (table 1) of MIPS etc. can find out, MIPS CPU exists urgent
Table 1
Need to solve virtual leak and the auxiliary problem such as virtual of support hardware not, this makes to realize system virtual machine towards MIPS platform and faces technological challenge.As the support of the Intel Virtualization Technology without appropriate, will bring huge resistance in embedded and popularization server market to MIPS CPU.MIPS processor wants in embedded system, and especially server market takies prior one seat, and Intel Virtualization Technology, especially towards its virtual leak and very urgent without the technological breakthrough of the auxiliary support issue of hardware.
The system virtual machine research relevant with the present invention is summed up and can comprises two aspect progress, (if Chinese Patent Application No. is 200610139664.1, name is called " a kind of dummy machine system and CPU dispatching method thereof " to the Design and implementation gordian technique of system-oriented virtual machine; China Patent Publication No. is CN1740989, name is called " universal inserting system virtual page attribute management method "), (if China Patent Publication No. is CN102194080A, name is called " a kind of rootkit testing mechanism and detection method based on kernel virtual machine " to key application technology based on system virtual machine; Chinese Patent Application No. is 02137511.9, and name is called " a kind of virtual machine for embedded systemic software development "; China Patent Publication No. is CN102243571A, and name is called " many forms of a kind of Embedded Hypervisor show virtualization operations method ").Realize from virtualization system, representational system comprises the virtualization system DISCO based on MIPS R10000 processor that Stanford University in 1997 develops, and the system software platform OKL4 that increases income that develops of Open Kernel Labs.But sum up existing result of study and realize system, there is following trend and problem in existing research and invention: in architecture, major part is design, realization and the invention of improvement gordian technique proposing towards architecture platforms such as X86, in the invention of embedded system platform, virtual machine application technology (virtual machine technique is auxiliary as utilized realizes virtual many form demonstrations and detects [3] [5] etc.) is on the high side.Intel Virtualization Technology proposed in the 60-70 age, substantially make no public appearances in the 80-90 age, until again revive the nineties, and early stage, the main system-level virtual machine of weight that adopts was (as QEMU, XEN etc.), there is the problem that performance cost is larger in the system virtual machine based on heavyweight virtual machine.And along with the popularization of virtual machine range of application, operating system grade/kernel level virtual machine (as KVM, OPENVZ etc.) of light weight obtains increasingly extensive attention in the recent period.For MIPS platform, the research of the current system virtualization technology towards MIPS platform is relatively less, especially towards it without hardware auxiliary problem (AP), the system virtual machine overall architecture design based on lightweight virtual machine (kernel virtual machine KVM) and gordian technique thereof (CPU is virtual, internal memory virtualization and IO virtual etc.) research and invention lack.
(3) summary of the invention
1, object
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of system virtual machine towards MIPS platform, for the virtual leak of MIPS platform with without problems such as the auxiliary supports of hardware, it has realized a kind of system virtual machine system towards MIPS platform based on lightweight kernel virtual machine KVM, for upper strata virtualization applications provides system software support.
2, technical scheme
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a kind of system virtual machine towards MIPS platform, realize based on KVM, and adopt host model framework, on module composition, mainly comprise:
(1) physical hardware: physical hardware further comprises physical cpu, physical memory, physics peripheral hardware.Physical hardware is the hardware infrastructure of whole system virtual machine.
(2) host OS: host OS provides OS for physical hardware.
(3) virtual machine kernel: virtual machine kernel further comprises CPU virtualization subsystem, internal memory virtualization subsystem and I/O virtualization subsystem.
(4) virtual hardware: virtual hardware further comprises virtual cpu, virtual memory, virtual peripheral.Virtual hardware is the important output of whole system virtual machine, for upper strata client OS and virtualization applications provide virtual hardware support.
(5) device model: device model provides equipment for host QEMU process.
(6) client OS: client OS is the middleware of upper strata client application and virtual hardware.
(7) host QEMU process: host QEMU process is an amended QEMU of process, it runs on the user's space of host operating system, mainly contains two effects: 1) as the user's space operation-interface of virtual machine kernel.
2) assist virtual machine kernel to complete I/O virtualized tasks.
Based on above module composition, the present invention has announced a kind of system virtual machine execution pattern towards MIPS platform.The execution pattern of inventing, on the basis of two kinds of execution patterns (user model and kernel mode) of original (SuSE) Linux OS, has increased a kind of management mode.Be that a kind of system virtual machine execution pattern towards MIPS platform mainly comprises three kinds of execution patterns:
(1) management mode: management mode is for carrying out the client computer kernel code of non-I/O.
(2) kernel mode: kernel mode is used for being implemented to the switching of management mode, and process code or special instruction that those exit from management mode due to I/O operation, virtual machine kernel is operated under this pattern.
(3) user model: user model is for carrying out the personal code work of client computer, and host QEMU process also operates under this pattern simultaneously.
Based on forming with upper module and execution pattern, on core algorithm, the present invention has announced a kind of system virtual machine implementation method towards MIPS platform, mainly comprises following several step:
(1) step S1: the host QEMU process under user model, by system call, enters kernel mode.
(2) step S2: in kernel mode, virtual machine kernel is virtual machine creating and initialization virtual cpu and virtual memory, then returns to user model.
(3) step S3: the host QEMU process under user model, again by system call, enters kernel mode.
(4) step S4: in kernel mode, first implementation step S41, then implementation step S42.Step S41 and step S42 implementation content are as follows:
A) step S41: virtual machine kernel is prepared the running environment of client computer, is written into client code.
B) step S42: according to exiting front residing operator scheme last time, corresponding management mode or the user model of switching to.
(5) step S5: judge whether client code implementation occurs extremely; Extremely, perform step S6 as occurred.
(6) step S6: enter the virtual machine kernel execute exception processing operation that runs on kernel mode, carry out S7 after abnormality processing.
(7) step S7: carry out I/O access judgement, if be non-I/O access, execution step S8.If S10 is carried out in I/O access.
A) step S8: execution step S9 also performs step S42, finally reenters client code operation.
B) step S9: internal memory virtualization.
(8) step S10: be withdrawn into host QEMU process and carry out the simulation of I/O access and carry out, again enter client computer operation after being finished.
3, advantage and effect
The system virtual machine towards MIPS platform that the present invention announces, it compared with prior art, its main advantage is: (1), owing to developing based on kernel level virtual machine, system has advantages of lightweight.(2) because existing MIPS processor major part all exists without the auxiliary problem of supporting of hardware, and MIPS processes the continuous lifting along with performance in recent years, from traditional Embedded field, serviced device field etc. is attempted and is adopted gradually, therefore the present invention has very strong practicality and very wide range of application.
(4) attached caption
Fig. 1 system virtual machine overall framework schematic diagram towards MIPS platform of the present invention
Fig. 2 system virtual machine schematic flow sheet towards MIPS platform of the present invention
In figure:
1, physical hardware, 101, physical cpu, 102, physical memory, 103, physics peripheral hardware
2, host OS, 3, virtual machine kernel, 4, CPU virtualization subsystem, 5, internal memory virtualization subsystem
6, I/O virtualization subsystem 7, virtual cpu, 8, virtual memory, 9, virtual peripheral
10, virtual hardware, 11, device model, 12, client OS, 13, host QEMU process
(5) embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention express clearlyer, below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, the present invention is further described in more detail.With Godson 3A (a kind of typical MIPS platform), as Fig. 1, shown in Fig. 2, a kind of system virtual machine towards MIPS platform, specific implementation method is as follows:
On module composition, a kind of system virtual machine towards MIPS platform mainly comprises:
(1) physical hardware 1: physical hardware 1 further comprises physical cpu 101, physical memory 102, physics peripheral hardware 103.Physical hardware 1 is the hardware infrastructure of whole system virtual machine.
(2) host OS 2: host OS 2 provides OS for physical hardware 1.
(3) virtual machine kernel 3: virtual machine kernel 3 further comprises CPU virtualization subsystem 4, internal memory virtualization subsystem 5 and I/O virtualization subsystem 6.Virtual machine kernel 3 is cores of whole system virtual machine, it is responsible for establishment, destruction, the scheduling of virtual machine, the distribution of virutal machine memory, management, for virtual machine provides the virtual abstract of physical cpu, physical memory and I/O equipment, worked in coordination with the simulation of I/O equipment with the device model of host QEMU process simultaneously.
(4) virtual hardware 10: virtual hardware 10 further comprises virtual cpu 7, virtual memory 8, virtual peripheral 9.Virtual hardware 10 is the important output of whole system virtual machine, for upper strata client OS12 and virtualization applications provide virtual hardware support.
(5) device model 11: device model provides equipment for host QEMU process.
(6) client OS12: client OS is the middleware of upper strata client application and virtual hardware.
(7) host QEMU process 13: host QEMU process is an amended QEMU of process, it runs on the user's space of host operating system, mainly contains two effects: 1) as the user's space operation-interface of kernel.Virtual machine kernel is the core towards the system virtual machine of MIPS platform, accesses for user's space by character device/dev/kvm/.Because kernel not directly uses, therefore need the instrument of a user's space, come with kernel mutual.Host QEMU process has just been played the part of the instrument of this user's space, makes user can operate easily each function in kernel.2) assist kernel to complete I/O virtualized tasks.QEMU itself is a powerful system-level simulator, has the system-wide ability of simulation, and its device model can be simulated multiple common peripheral hardware, and the device model scientific research that makes full use of QEMU efficiently realizes management and the access of equipment compactly.
Based on above module composition, in this example, a kind of system virtual machine execution pattern towards MIPS platform mainly comprises three kinds of execution patterns:
(1) management mode (Mod1): management mode is for carrying out the client computer kernel code of non-I/O.
(2) kernel mode (Mod3): kernel mode is used for being implemented to the switching of management mode, and process code or special instruction that those exit from management mode due to I/O operation, virtual machine kernel is operated under this pattern.
(3) user model (Mod2): user model is for carrying out the personal code work of client computer, and host QEMU process also operates under this pattern simultaneously.
Based on forming with upper module and execution pattern, on core algorithm, in this example, a kind of system virtual machine implementation method towards MIPS platform mainly comprises following several step:
(1) step S1: the host QEMU process under user model, by IOCTL system call, enters kernel mode.
(2) step S2: in kernel mode, virtual machine kernel is virtual machine creating and initialization virtual cpu and virtual memory, then returns to user model.
(3) step S3: the host QEMU process under user model by IOCTL system call, enters kernel mode again.
(4) step S4: in kernel mode, first implementation step S41, then implementation step S42.Step S41 and step S42 implementation content are as follows:
A) step S41: virtual machine kernel is prepared the running environment of client computer, is written into client code.
B) step S42: according to exiting front residing operator scheme last time, corresponding management mode or the user model of switching to.
(5) step S5: judge whether client code implementation occurs extremely; Extremely, perform step S6 as occurred.
(6) step S6: enter the virtual machine kernel execute exception processing operation that runs on kernel mode, carry out S7 after abnormality processing.
(7) step S7: carry out I/O access judgement, if be non-I/O access, execution step S8.If S10 is carried out in I/O access.
A) step S8: execution step S9 also performs step S42, finally reenters client code operation.
B) step S9: carry out internal memory virtualization.
(8) step S10: be withdrawn into host QEMU process and carry out the simulation of I/O access and carry out, again enter client computer operation by IOCTL after being finished.
It should be noted last that: above embodiment is the unrestricted technical scheme of the present invention in order to explanation only, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to above-described embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: still can modify or be equal to replacement the present invention, and not departing from any modification or partial replacement of the spirit and scope of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. towards a system virtual machine for MIPS platform, realize based on KVM, adopt host model framework, it is characterized in that: this virtual machine mainly comprises:
(1) physical hardware: physical hardware further comprises physical cpu, physical memory, physics peripheral hardware; Physical hardware is the hardware infrastructure of whole system virtual machine;
(2) host OS: host OS provides OS for physical hardware;
(3) virtual machine kernel: virtual machine kernel further comprises CPU virtualization subsystem, internal memory virtualization subsystem and I/O virtualization subsystem; Virtual machine kernel is the core of whole system virtual machine, it is responsible for establishment, destruction, the scheduling of virtual machine, the distribution of virutal machine memory, management, for virtual machine provides the virtual abstract of physical cpu, physical memory and I/O equipment, worked in coordination with the simulation of I/O equipment with the device model of host QEMU process simultaneously;
(4) virtual hardware: virtual hardware further comprises virtual cpu, virtual memory, virtual peripheral; Virtual hardware is the important output of whole system virtual machine, for upper strata client OS and virtualization applications provide virtual hardware support;
(5) device model: device model provides equipment for host QEMU process;
(6) client OS: client OS is the middleware of upper strata client application and virtual hardware;
(7) host QEMU process: host QEMU process is an amended QEMU of process, it runs on the user's space of host operating system, has two effects: 1) as the user's space operation-interface of kernel; Virtual machine kernel is the core towards the system virtual machine of MIPS platform, accesses for user's space by character device/dev/kvm/; Because kernel not directly uses, therefore need the instrument of a user's space, come with kernel mutual; Host QEMU process has just been played the part of the instrument of this user's space, makes user can operate easily each function in kernel; 2) assist kernel to complete I/O virtualized tasks; QEMU itself is a system-level simulator, has the system-wide ability of simulation, and its device model can be simulated multiple peripheral hardware, realizes management and the access of equipment.
2. the implementation method of a kind of system virtual machine towards MIPS platform as claimed in claim 1, this implementation method is based on a kind of system virtual machine execution pattern towards MIPS platform, this execution pattern is on the user model of original (SuSE) Linux OS and the basis of two kinds of execution patterns of kernel mode, increased a kind of management mode, a kind of system virtual machine execution pattern towards MIPS platform mainly comprises three kinds of execution patterns: (1) management mode: management mode is for carrying out the client computer kernel code of non-I/O; (2) kernel mode: kernel mode is used for realizing the switching from user model to management mode, and process code or special instruction that those exit from management mode due to I/O operation, virtual machine kernel is operated under this pattern; (3) user model: user model is for carrying out the personal code work of client computer, and host QEMU process also operates under this pattern simultaneously;
Based on above execution pattern, a kind of system virtual machine implementation method towards MIPS platform, mainly comprises following several step:
Step S1: the host QEMU process under user model, by IOCTL system call, enters kernel mode;
Step S2: in kernel mode, virtual machine kernel is virtual machine creating and initialization virtual cpu and virtual memory, then returns to user model;
Step S3: the host QEMU process under user model by IOCTL system call, enters kernel mode again;
Step S4: in kernel mode, first implementation step S41, then implementation step S42; Step S41 and step S42 implementation content are as follows:
Step S41: virtual machine kernel is prepared the running environment of client computer, is written into client code;
Step S42: according to exiting front residing operator scheme last time, corresponding management mode or the user model of switching to;
Step S5: judge whether client code implementation occurs extremely; Extremely, perform step S6 as occurred;
Step S6: enter the virtual machine kernel execute exception processing operation that runs on kernel mode, carry out S7 after abnormality processing;
Step S7: carry out I/O access judgement, if be non-I/O access, execution step S8; If S10 is carried out in I/O access;
Step S8: execution step S9 also performs step S42, finally reenters client code operation;
Step S9: internal memory virtualization;
Step S10: be withdrawn into host QEMU process and carry out the simulation of I/O access and carry out, again enter client computer operation by IOCTL after being finished.
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| CN102662777A (en) * | 2012-04-28 | 2012-09-12 | 浪潮电子信息产业股份有限公司 | High speed communication method between clients based on kernel-based virtual machine (KVM) |
| CN102819712B (en) * | 2012-08-01 | 2014-11-26 | 龙芯中科技术有限公司 | Method and device for ensuring security of virtual machine operation system |
| CN102857561A (en) * | 2012-08-21 | 2013-01-02 | 浪潮电子信息产业股份有限公司 | Interacting method of virtual computer system and cloud computing control center |
| CN102929691A (en) * | 2012-11-09 | 2013-02-13 | 北京航空航天大学 | System virtual machine facing Advanced RISC Machines (ARM) multi-core processor server platform |
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| DE102015207932A1 (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2016-11-03 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for the computer-assisted development of a complete system consisting of subsystems |
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