CN102401627B - Test device for testing displacement of machine tool joint part relative to tool nose point - Google Patents

Abstract

A test device for testing the displacement of a machine tool joint part relative to a tool nose point relates to a displacement measuring device and can test the displacement of each machine tool joint part relative to the tool nose point when a machine tool is in startup and shutdown states. The test device mainly consists of an eddy current sensor probe (1), a nut (2), a fine adjustment gasket (3), a screw (4), a connecting rod and fine adjustment gasket fixing clamp (5), a connecting rod and support column fixing clamp (6), a connecting rod (7), a support column (8), a seat body (9), an adjusting screw (10), an eddy current pre-posed device, an eddy current pre-posed power supply, a data acquisition front end and a computer. As the joint parts of the machine tool are more and are complicated in structure, the test device can switch on multiple eddy current sensors as needed and is convenient to install. The test device can measure the numerical values of the displacement of each joint part relative to the tool bit of the machine tool in the horizontal direction (X and Y) and the vertical direction (Z) in the startup and shutdown moments of the machine tool and also can distinguish the proportion of each joint part in the influence of displacement of the tool bit of the machine tool. The test device has the characteristics of high test effect and precision, high linearity, simplicity and convenience in operation and low fault rate.

Description

The proving installation of machine tool joints tool setting cusp displacement

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of displacement measuring device, especially can test the apparatus and method of the large-scale joint portion of lathe displacement of tool setting cusp under start and stop state, belong to technical field of measurement and test.

Background technology

In mechanical part, there is a large amount of faying faces, the spring that faying face embodies and damping characteristic are the important component parts of the characteristic of mechanical part rigidity and damping, especially for lathe, joint portion produces damping and accounts for 90% left and right of whole lathe damping, and the rigidity of joint portion and reliability are also weak links with respect to the rigidity of machine tool, and the 60%-80% of lathe global stiffness is determined by joint surface contact stiffness.Therefore, be necessary for the research of joint portion, the characteristic of joint portion can affect the performance of product largely.

In lathe, because lathe all parts quality is larger, the lathe larger inertial force that is in operation, especially in the moment of lathe start and stop, can increase the displacement of certain direction of lathe cutter head place.Now, the characteristic of joint portion plays vital status.Each joint portion of lathe becomes subject matter to the impact of lathe cutter head displacement in the time of lathe start and stop.If the rigidity of joint portion is inadequate, may cause lathe to increase at the X at start and stop moment cutter head place or the displacement of Z direction, in the time of machine tooling part, start and stop moment will inevitably be caused certain influence to the part of processing, make cutter head impaired, have penetration of a cutting tool phenomenon, or the part of processing does not meet processing request etc.At present, in lathe research and test, due to the complicacy of the each joint portion of lathe, even cannot determine the definite impact of each joint portion characteristic on lathe cutter head place displacement, cause certain difficulty to the rigidity of machine tool joints and the research of damping characteristic, affect the use of lathe, and then affect the fast development of machine industry.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is to propose a kind of proving installation of studying the definite impact on lathe cutter head displacement in the start and stop moment of each joint portion of lathe, can directly playing the machine tool joints tool setting cusp displacement of certain help to production.Device provided by the present invention can be in the time of lathe start and stop moment, record each joint portion to the lathe cutter head numerical value of (X, Y) and vertical direction (Z) displacement in the horizontal direction, and can pick out each joint portion shared ratio on the impact of lathe cutter head displacement.It is high that this proving installation has test effect precision, and the linearity is high, simple to operation, the features such as failure rate is low.

To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:

The proving installation of machine tool joints tool setting cusp displacement, mainly, current vortex pre-power supply preposition by current vortex sensor probe 1, nut 2, fine setting pad 3, screw 4, connecting rod and fine setting pad geometrical clamp 5, connecting rod and pillar geometrical clamp 6, connecting rod 7, pillar 8, pedestal 9, adjustment screw 10, current vortex, data acquisition front and computing machine form; On the mounting rod of current vortex sensor probe 1, there is screw thread, current vortex sensor probe 1 is through the through hole on rectangle fine setting pad 3, setscrew nut 2 and the rear side contacts of fine setting pad 3 on a mounting rod that is positioned at current vortex sensor probe 1, setscrew nut 2 and the front side contacts of fine setting pad 3 on a mounting rod that is positioned at current vortex sensor probe 1; On another through hole of fine setting pad 3, have screw 4 to pass, screw 4 is tightened and is fixed between connecting rod and fine setting pad geometrical clamp 5 and fine setting pad 3, and connecting rod and fine setting pad geometrical clamp 5 can be fixed on by screw 4 optional position of connecting rod 7; On connecting rod and fine setting pad geometrical clamp 5 another through holes, there is connecting rod 7 to pass, the other end of connecting rod 7 is through the through hole of adjusting screw 10 1 sides, the upper end of pillar 8 is through the through hole of connecting rod and pillar geometrical clamp 6 and the perpendicular side of above-mentioned through hole, adjust the screw rod of screw 10 through connecting rod and pillar geometrical clamp 6 horizontal through hole, by tighten adjust screw 10 can relative position and the anglec of rotation of regulating connecting rod 7 on pillar 8, pillar 8 lower ends connect pedestals 9; The bottom surface of pedestal 9 and inside, side are provided with and can make its electromagnet that is adsorbed in machine tool joints, and a side of pedestal 9 is provided with the switch of controlling electromagnet; It is preposition upper that current vortex sensor probe 1 and current vortex pre-power supply are connected to respectively current vortex, and current vortex is preposition to be connected with data acquisition front, and data acquisition front is connected with computing machine, gives computing machine by collection signal.

Above-mentioned fine setting pad 3 is rectangle thin slice, has two through holes: two through hole is centered close to fine setting pad 3 longitudinal centre lines, and left and right is distributed on fine setting pad 3 side by side, and left side is the through hole that diameter is less, and right side is the through hole that diameter is larger; Tighten connecting rod and fine setting pad geometrical clamp 5 by the screw 4 in aperture, current vortex sensor probe 1 is fixed on fine setting pad 3 front and back through macropore and by two nuts 2, friction by two nuts is tightened mutually, in the time regulating the gap of current vortex sensor probe 1 and testee, fine setting pad 3 can change its gap length by setting nut 2.

Described fine setting pad 3 is made up of aluminum alloy materials.

Data acquisition front connects multiple current vortex sensor probes 1 and measures simultaneously.

Current vortex sensor probe 1 has level and vertical two kinds of modes of emplacements.

Current vortex sensor probe 1 is placed in each joint portion of lathe simultaneously by different displacement structures.

Current vortex sensor probe 1 adopts non-cpntact measurement with testee, should keep certain interval, and the interstice coverage of this device is: 0-1.6mm, fine setting pad 3 can carry out suitable adjusting to gap easily, can save the regular hour.

Proving installation part in the present invention has three kinds of displacement structures, respectively can the corresponding relative shift of testing X, Y, Z direction on lathe.One is to measure horizontal displacement, and as Fig. 6 lays, it is upper that pedestal 9 is adsorbed on slide c, and in the time that slide c, column d have X or Y-direction relative motion, current vortex sensor probe 1 gets final product the relative shift of Measurement accuracy horizontal direction; Another kind is to measure vertical displacement amount, and as Fig. 7 lays, it is upper that pedestal 9 is adsorbed on column e, and in the time that column e, crossbeam f have the relative motion of Z direction, current vortex sensor probe 1 gets final product the relative shift of Measurement accuracy vertical direction.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:

Record each joint portion in lathe start and stop moment on the affecting after numerical value of lathe cutter head displacement, and then can search out certain joint portion of lathe and whether have insufficient rigidity or other problem, thereby solve and perfect.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 apparatus of the present invention schematic diagram

The proving installation figure of Fig. 2 machine tool joints tool setting cusp displacement

Fig. 3 finely tunes gasket construction figure front view

Fig. 4 connecting rod and pillar fixed folder structure figure front view

Fig. 5 adjusts screw structural figure front view

Fig. 6 current vortex sensor horizontal positioned structural drawing

The vertical displacement structure figure of Fig. 7 current vortex sensor

Fig. 8 machine tool joints location drawing

Fig. 9 gap-voltage curve

In figure 1, current vortex sensor probe; 2, nut; 3, fine setting pad; 4, screw; 5, connecting rod and fine setting pad geometrical clamp; 6, connecting rod and pillar geometrical clamp; 7, connecting rod; 8, pillar; 9, pedestal; 10, adjust screw; 11, machine tool cusp; 12, machine slide and ram joint portion; 13, machine ram and crossbeam joint portion; 14, machine tool beam upper rail face and column joint portion; 15, machine tool beam lower guideway face and column joint portion; 16, machine pillar and slide joint portion; 17, bed piece and ground joint portion

Embodiment:

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further details.

Shown in Fig. 2, the proving installation of the machine tool joints tool setting cusp displacement of the present embodiment is preposition by current vortex sensor probe 1, nut 2, fine setting pad 3, screw 4, connecting rod and fine setting pad geometrical clamp 5, connecting rod and pillar geometrical clamp 6, connecting rod 7, pillar 8, pedestal 9, adjustment screw 10, current vortex, current vortex pre-power supply, data acquisition front and computing machine form.Nut 2 is installed on the screw thread of current vortex sensor probe 1, and can setting nut 2 position on current vortex sensor probe 1, again current vortex sensor probe 1 is passed to the larger through hole B of fine setting pad 3 right side diameters, be installed on current vortex sensor probe 1 with another nut 2 again, make nut 2 and the front side contacts of fine setting pad 3, two nuts 2 are tightened fixing simultaneously.By regulating two nuts 2, can regulate the relative position of fine setting pad 3 at current vortex sensor probe 1.The less through hole A of left side diameter of fine setting pad 3 has screw 4 to pass, tighten and be fixed on connecting rod and the lower end of finely tuning pad geometrical clamp 5, connecting rod has through hole with fine setting pad geometrical clamp 5 upper ends, connecting rod 7 can pass from centre, and fixed by connecting rod and the adjustment screw tightening of fine setting pad geometrical clamp 5 one sides, connecting rod and fine setting pad geometrical clamp 5 can be fixed on by adjusting screw the optional position of connecting rod 7.The other end of connecting rod 7 is through the through hole of adjusting screw 10 1 sides, the upper end of pillar 8 is through the through hole of connecting rod and pillar geometrical clamp 6 and the perpendicular side of above-mentioned through hole, adjust the screw rod of screw 10 through connecting rod and pillar geometrical clamp 6 horizontal through hole, adjust screw 10 by tightening, can relative position and the anglec of rotation of regulating connecting rod 7 on pillar 8, pillar 8 lower ends are by being screwed at pedestal 9 upper ends.Pedestal 9 has two-sided adsorbability, can be by the magnetic of its lower end of switch control, and make its lower end be adsorbed in machine tool joints place.As shown in Figure 1, it is preposition upper that the rear end of current vortex sensor probe 1 and current vortex pre-power supply are connected to respectively current vortex, and current vortex is preposition to be connected with data acquisition front, and data acquisition front is connected with computing machine by netting twine, and gives computing machine by collection signal.It is preposition that data acquisition front can connect several current vortexs by demand, can connect multiple current vortex sensor probes 1.Can gather the displacement signal of multiple current vortex sensors simultaneously.When test, open the signal acquisition module (signature acquisition) of data acquisition front.

Be illustrated in figure 4 connecting rod and pillar geometrical clamp 5 structural drawing front views.

Be illustrated in figure 5 and adjust screw 10 structural drawing front views.

As shown in Figure 3, above-mentioned fine setting pad 3 is rectangle thin slice, has two through holes: two through hole is centered close to fine setting pad 3 longitudinal centre lines, and left and right is distributed on fine setting pad 3 side by side, and left side is the through hole that diameter is less, and right side is the through hole that diameter is larger; Tighten connecting rod and fine setting pad geometrical clamp 5 by the screw 4 in aperture, current vortex sensor probe 1 is fixed on fine setting pad 3 front and back through macropore and by two nuts 2, friction by two nuts is tightened mutually, in the time regulating the gap of current vortex sensor probe 1 and testee, fine setting pad 3 can change its gap length by setting nut 2.

In lathe, have multiple joint portions, as shown in Figure 8, these joint portions may need to lay current vortex sensor.Take heavy planer-type milling machine as example, utilize this device can test the displacement of following joint portion below:

1, measure the relative shift of lathe point of a knife point 11 in X, Z direction: pedestal 9 need be inhaled on the frock face at worktable, adjust screw 10, make its connecting rod and pillar there is level or vertical angular relationship, current vortex sensor probe 1 moves near directions X or Z direction point of a knife point, adjust again fine setting pad 3, make current vortex sensor probe 1 there is suitable gap with machine tool joints.

2, measure machine slide and ram joint portion 12 relative shift at directions X: pedestal 9 is inhaled on ram, and current vortex sensor probe 1 is adjusted near directions X slide carriage, and its method is with 1.

3, measure machine ram and crossbeam joint portion 13 relative shift in X, Z direction: pedestal 9 is inhaled on slide carriage, and current vortex sensor probe 1 is adjusted near directions X and Z direction crossbeam, and its method is with 1.

4, measure machine tool beam upper rail face and column joint portion 14 relative shift in X, Z direction: pedestal 9 is inhaled on column, and current vortex sensor probe 1 is adjusted near directions X and Z direction crossbeam upper rail face, and its method is with 1.

5, measure machine tool beam lower guideway face and column joint portion 15 relative shift in X, Z direction: pedestal 9 is inhaled on column, and current vortex sensor probe 1 is adjusted near directions X and Z direction crossbeam lower guideway face, and its method is with 1.

6, measure machine pillar and slide joint portion 16 relative shift in X, Z direction: pedestal 9 is inhaled on column, and current vortex sensor probe 1 is adjusted near directions X and Z direction slide, and its method is with 1.

7, measure bed piece and ground joint portion 17 relative shift in Z direction: pedestal 9 is inhaled on lathe bed, and current vortex sensor probe 1 is adjusted near Z direction ground parallels, and its method is with 1.

Can obtain eddy current sensor displacement amount signal, the simple principle of brief description experimental provision by above-mentioned installation site and method.The feature of electric vortex type displacement sensor is that it can realize contactless type test, and contactless type belongs to relative type motor machinery to be accepted, but it and measurand there is no direct mechanical connection.The advantage of its maximum is that its linearity is good, and in its range of linearity, sensitivity does not change with initial assemblage gap, and this measurement brings great convenience, thereby is widely used.The getable signal of output terminal at sensor is the carrier signal through dynamic clearance d.This carrier voltage, after High frequency amplification, is sent into detecting circuit, and finally output is proportional to the general voltage signal u that gap changes.The draw value u of output voltage u _mcorresponding to mean gap d _m, the fluctuation part of voltage u is corresponding to vibration gap, the also i.e. vibration displacement along sensor axis direction corresponding to measuring object.

As mentioned above, the gap-voltage curve of current vortex sensor refers to that gap d is horizontal ordinate, with the output voltage U of fore-lying device for the curve that ordinate was obtained, as shown in Figure 9.Gap voltage sensitivity refers in the range of linearity, the ratio of output voltage increment and gap increment, i.e. and gap voltage sensitivity:

$s=\frac{\mathrm{\ΔU}}{\mathrm{\Δd}}$ Or (mV/ μ m) (V/mm)

Take out the displacement numerical value of each current vortex sensor test, by comparing each numerical values recited, can judge heavy duty machine tools start and stop moment, each joint portion is for the contribution amount of point of a knife point displacement, also can pass through simple geometric model, be converted out the displacement of machine tool cusp by joint portion displacement amount.Also can, according to different needs, by the numerical value of each joint portion relative shift, calculate the problem of being concerned about.

As take large-scale milling machine as example, calculations incorporated portion is in the contribution amount of Z direction tool setting cusp, and middle parameters implication is:

L1: point of a knife point distance of centre of gravity column centre distance;

L2: the distance of crossbeam X to hydrostatic slideway face to point of a knife dot center;

L3: the distance of the upper and lower lubricating pad Z-direction of slide carriage;

L4: the distance of column X to hydrostatic slideway face to point of a knife dot center;

L5: the distance of the upper and lower lubricating pad Z-direction of crossbeam;

S1: column is apart from slide front end distance:

S2: column X is to length

S3: column is apart from sliding base rear end distance

The X of La:1 lubricating pad center and slide front end is to distance;

The X of Lb:8 lubricating pad center and sliding base rear end is to distance;

Above parameter can obtain after tested, establishes point of a knife point place Z-direction deflection to be: e ₃, following is the contribution amount of several joint portion tool setting cusp Z-direction displacements in lathe, wherein e ₁, e ₂be respectively No. 8 lubricating pad Z-direction distortion of No. 1 lubricating pad of slide and slide, its numerical value can obtain through test.

(1), slide and column joint portion tool setting cusp place contribution amount:

$e_3=\frac{\left|{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="e"\; filenames="HDA0000083736280000032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">e</figure-callout>}}_1\right|+\left|e_2\right|}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="S"\; filenames="HDA0000083736280000032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">S</figure-callout>}}_1+S_2+S_3-L_a-L_b}\&times;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="l"\; filenames="HDA0000083736280000032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">l</figure-callout>}}_1$

(2), crossbeam and slide carriage joint portion tool setting cusp place contribution amount:

If: e ₁e ₂≤ 0

$e_3=\frac{\left|{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="e"\; filenames="HDA0000083736280000032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">e</figure-callout>}}_1\right|+\left|e_2\right|}{l_3}\&times;l_2$

If: e ₁e ₂>=0

$e_3=\frac{|e_1-e_2|}{l_3}\&times;l_2$

(3), cross beam and upright post place joint portion tool setting cusp place contribution amount:

If: e ₁e ₂≤ 0, $e_3=\frac{\left|{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="e"\; filenames="HDA0000083736280000032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">e</figure-callout>}}_1\right|+\left|e_2\right|}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="5"\; label="l"\; filenames="HDA0000083736280000012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">l</figure-callout>}}_5}\&times;l_4$

If: e ₁e ₂>=0, $e_3=\frac{|e_1-e_2|}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="5"\; label="l"\; filenames="HDA0000083736280000012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">l</figure-callout>}}_5}\&times;l_4$

Claims (5)

1. the proving installation of machine tool joints tool setting cusp displacement, mainly, current vortex pre-power supply preposition by current vortex sensor probe (1), nut (2), fine setting pad (3), screw (4), connecting rod and fine setting pad geometrical clamp (5), connecting rod and pillar geometrical clamp (6), connecting rod (7), pillar (8), pedestal (9), adjustment screw (10), current vortex, data acquisition front and computing machine form; It is characterized in that: on the mounting rod of current vortex sensor probe (1), have screw thread, current vortex sensor probe (1) is through the through hole I on rectangle fine setting pad (3), side contacts after nut (2) on a mounting rod that is positioned at current vortex sensor probe (1) and fine setting pad (3), nut (2) and the front side contacts of fine setting pad (3) on a mounting rod that is positioned at current vortex sensor probe (1); On another through hole II of fine setting pad (3), there is screw (4) to pass, screw (4) is tightened and is fixed between connecting rod and fine setting pad geometrical clamp (5) and fine setting pad (3), and connecting rod and fine setting pad geometrical clamp (5) can be fixed on by screw (4) optional position of connecting rod (7); On connecting rod and fine setting pad geometrical clamp (5) one through holes, there is connecting rod (7) to pass, the other end of connecting rod (7) is through the through hole of adjusting screw (10) one sides, the upper end of pillar (8) is through the vertical through hole on connecting rod and pillar geometrical clamp (6), adjust the screw rod of screw (10) through connecting rod and pillar geometrical clamp (6) horizontal through hole, by tighten adjust screw (10) can relative position and the anglec of rotation of regulating connecting rod (7) on pillar (8), pillar (8) lower end connects pedestal (9); The bottom surface of pedestal (9) and inside, side are provided with and can make its electromagnet that is adsorbed in machine tool joints, and a side of pedestal (9) is provided with the switch of controlling electromagnet; It is preposition upper that current vortex sensor probe (1) and current vortex pre-power supply are connected to respectively current vortex, and current vortex is preposition to be connected with data acquisition front, and data acquisition front is connected with computing machine, gives computing machine by collection signal.

2. the proving installation of machine tool joints tool setting cusp displacement according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned fine setting pad (3) is rectangle thin slice, there are two through holes, be through hole I and another through hole II: two through hole is centered close to fine setting pad (3) longitudinal centre line, left and right is distributed on fine setting pad (3) side by side, left side is the through hole that diameter is less, and right side is the through hole that diameter is larger; Tighten connecting rod and fine setting pad geometrical clamp (5) by the screw in aperture (4), current vortex sensor probe (1) is fixed on before and after fine setting pad (3) through macropore and by two nuts (2), friction by two nuts is tightened mutually, in the time regulating the gap of current vortex sensor probe (1) and testee, fine setting pad (3) can change its gap length by setting nut (2).

3. the proving installation of machine tool joints tool setting cusp displacement according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described fine setting pad (3) is made up of aluminum alloy materials.

4. the proving installation of machine tool joints tool setting cusp displacement according to claim 1, is characterized in that: its data acquisition front connects multiple current vortex sensor probes (1) and measures simultaneously.

5. the proving installation of machine tool joints tool setting cusp displacement according to claim 1, is characterized in that: current vortex sensor probe (1) has the displacement structure of level and vertical different relations.

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