CN102399967A - Heat treatment method of eliminating overheated structure of crankshaft forging for large-scale ship - Google Patents
Heat treatment method of eliminating overheated structure of crankshaft forging for large-scale ship Download PDFInfo
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- CN102399967A CN102399967A CN2010102846596A CN201010284659A CN102399967A CN 102399967 A CN102399967 A CN 102399967A CN 2010102846596 A CN2010102846596 A CN 2010102846596A CN 201010284659 A CN201010284659 A CN 201010284659A CN 102399967 A CN102399967 A CN 102399967A
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Abstract
The invention relates to heat treatment method of eliminating overheated structure of crankshaft forging of large-scale ships. The method comprises the following steps: first, feeding a workpiece into a furnace, heating as quickly as possible to 300+/-10 DEG C, and then heating to 720 DEG C with a speed of no more than 60 DEG C per hour, then heating as quick as possible to 1050+/- 10DEG C and soaking, keeping the temperature, then cooling; keeping the temperature of the workpiece in a heat treatment furnace with a temperature of about 300+/-10 DEG C for 5 hours, then heating to 720 DEG C with a speed of no more than 60 DEG C per hour, then heating as quickly as possible to 880+/- 10DEG C and keeping the temperature, then cooling; third, keeping the workpiece at the heat treatment furnace with a temperature about 300+/-10 DEG C for 5 hours, then heating to 610+/-10 DEG C with a speed of no more than 60 DEG C per hour, performing air cooling, then cooling the furnace to less than 250 DEGC with a speed of no more than 40 DEG C per hour, finally discharging . The invention is used for rescuing overheated structure of crankshaft forging of large-scale ships, and can perform repairing heat treatment of crankshaft forging which can not be used because of the overheated structure, improve largely the success rate of repairing and avoid unnecessary energy waste from repeated repair and heat treatment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of heat treating method of steel, be specifically related to a kind of heat treating method of eliminating crankshaft used for large boat forging overheated structure.
Background technology
Eliminating overheated structure can realize through thermal treatment process.At present, eliminating traditional crystal grain thinning technology that overheated structure used, be main with repeatedly conventional normalizing process and 950 ℃ of high temperature normalizing technologies (promptly 950 ℃ of high temperature normalizings add conventional normalizing process), but for different steel grades, its effect is also different.
With regard to 20CrMnMo, to this steel grade produce overheated, just the someone has proposed different solutions.Its theoretical foundation is: because the solid solubility temperature of the second phase particle is than higher among the 20CrMnMo, in high temperature austenite district forging process, because the second phase particle has " pinning " effect to austenitic crystal boundary, grain growth is slower; Along with the rising of temperature, the second phase particle gathers grows up, and total pining force reduces, and crystal grain is also grown up thereupon.When temperature was very high, these second phase particles began to be dissolved in intragranular, and crystal boundary just loses corresponding pining force, and crystal grain is also grown up to the pairing size of this temperature very soon, forms thick crystal grain.When forging pressure hour, these thick crystal grain can not get fragmentation and refinement, in the process of cooling after forging, because the difference of cooling rate, have formed stable and astable overheated structure.In order to solve the stability of overheated structure, heat-treatment protocol as shown in Figure 1 has been proposed, sample is 40mm * 40mm * 40mm.
The scheme of this solution 20CrMnMo overheated structure stability is through high temperature solid solution, makes the second phase particle be dissolved in the austenite, through strong cold to obtain supersaturated solid solution.Because the second phase particle has little time to separate out, make stable overheated structure be transformed into non-stable overheated structure, again through staged progressively lower the temperature, the mode crystal grain thinning of normalizing repeatedly.
The technological property category of this heat treating method is to belong to solution treatment and the repeatedly combination of normalizing process, and its problem and shortcoming are topmost to be, when this process method is applied to heavy casting and forging, its solid solution effect will receive apparatus factor and have a greatly reduced quality.And three normalizings, often, temperature is high, increased the energy consumption, extend manufacture cycle, the suitability of technology limits to some extent.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of heat treating method of eliminating crankshaft used for large boat forging overheated structure, and it can eliminate overheated structure, crystal grain thinning with steel 34MnV material to the crankshaft used for large boat forging.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution that the present invention eliminates the heat treating method of crankshaft used for large boat forging overheated structure is:
Being used for material is 34MnV, and weight is not less than 8 tons, and superheated crank axle for vessel forging heat-treats, and may further comprise the steps:
The first step makes the cold conditions workpiece get into heat treatment furnace, rise to 300 ± 10 ℃ as quickly as possible after insulation 5 hours, the speed with≤60 ℃/h is warming up to 720 ℃ again, is warming up to 1050 ± 10 ℃ as quickly as possible, soaking; Treat to be incubated 13～30 hours after soaking finishes; After treating that insulation finishes, workpiece is hung out from stove, cool off; The type of cooling is the air blast cooling.
Temperature-stable to the whole body temperature that is cooled to workpiece is 100～150 ℃, makes workpiece advance stove for the second time;
In second step, workpiece is incubated 5 hours in 300 ± 10 ℃ heat treatment furnace, and the speed with≤60 ℃/h is warming up to 720 ℃ again, is warming up to 880 ± 10 ℃ as quickly as possible, soaking; Treat to be incubated 13～30 hours after soaking finishes; Cool off then; The type of cooling is spray cooling and/or air blast cooling.
Temperature-stable to the whole body temperature that is cooled to workpiece is 100～150 ℃, makes workpiece advance stove for the third time;
In the 3rd step, insulation is 5 hours in 300 ± 10 ℃ heat treatment furnace, and the speed with≤60 ℃/h is warming up to 610 ± 10 ℃, soaking again; Treat to be incubated 14～33 hours after soaking finishes; Come out of the stove air cooling to 400 ℃ of workpiece advances stove then, with the speed stove of≤40 ℃/h be chilled to≤250 ℃, come out of the stove.
The technique effect that the present invention can reach is:
The present invention can eliminate overheated structure, crystal grain thinning with steel 34MnV material to the crankshaft used for large boat forging, and the impact toughness value of original superheated crankshaft forging is significantly promoted, and can reach 25～65 joules.
The present invention has changed the existing 20CrMnMo thermal stability that is directed against and has organized way to solve the problem, can avoid the cracking of crankshaft forging.The present invention has filled up and has solved the crankshaft used for large boat forging with the blank on steel 34MnV material eliminates overheated structure, the crystal grain thinning heat-treatment protocol.
Heat treating method of the present invention is with strong points; Be used to save the crankshaft used for large boat forging that has overheated structure; Can be to owing to the crankshaft forging that exists overheated structure to cause can't to use, plan to scrap is reprocessed processing hot in nature; And make the success ratio reprocess improve greatly, can avoid reprocessing the unnecessary energy dissipation that causes, save the energy greatly because of thermal treatment repeatedly.
The present invention can make impact property significantly promote, and has high stability, can avoid unnecessary waste in man-hour, realizes energy-saving and emission-reduction, preserves the ecological environment.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is done further detailed explanation:
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram of heat treating method of the solution thermal stability tissue of prior art 20CrMnMo material;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the part free end axle journal of crank axle for vessel;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the part main journal of crank axle for vessel;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the part output terminal axle journal of crank axle for vessel;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the part crank throw of crank axle for vessel;
Fig. 6 is the synoptic diagram that the present invention eliminates the heat treating method of crankshaft used for large boat forging overheated structure.
Embodiment
The present invention eliminates the heat treating method of crankshaft used for large boat forging overheated structure; Being used for material is 34MnV; Weight is not less than 8 tons, and the forging of each part of superheated crank axle for vessel heat-treats, thereby can save the crankshaft used for large boat forging that has overheated structure.
The chemical ingredients of 34MnV steel as shown in table 1 (unit: %):
Table 1
The part of crank axle for vessel comprises free end axle journal, main journal, output terminal axle journal, crank throw, and is extremely shown in Figure 5 like Fig. 2.
As shown in Figure 6, the present invention eliminates the heat treating method of crankshaft used for large boat forging overheated structure, may further comprise the steps:
The first step makes the cold conditions workpiece get into heat treatment furnace, rise to 300 ± 10 ℃ as quickly as possible after insulation 5 hours, the speed with≤60 ℃/h is warming up to 720 ℃ again, is warming up to 1050 ± 10 ℃ as quickly as possible, soaking; Treat that soaking finishes the back according to the difference of bent axle type insulation 13～30 hours, the workpiece volume is big more, and soaking time is long more; After treating that insulation finishes, workpiece is hung out from stove, cool off, can adopt the mode of air blast to carry out air-cooled;
Temperature-stable to the whole body temperature that is cooled to workpiece is 100～150 ℃, makes workpiece advance stove for the second time;
In second step, workpiece is incubated 5 hours in 300 ± 10 ℃ heat treatment furnace, and the speed with≤60 ℃/h is warming up to 720 ℃ again, is warming up to 880 ± 10 ℃ as quickly as possible, soaking; Treat that soaking finishes the back according to the difference of bent axle type insulation 13～30 hours, the workpiece volume is big more, and soaking time is long more; Take then to spray and/or the mode of air blast is cooled off;
Temperature-stable to the whole body temperature that is cooled to workpiece is 100～150 ℃, makes workpiece advance stove for the third time;
In the 3rd step, insulation is 5 hours in 300 ± 10 ℃ heat treatment furnace, and the speed with≤60 ℃/h is warming up to 610 ± 10 ℃, soaking again; Treat that soaking finishes the back according to the difference of bent axle type insulation 14～33 hours, the workpiece volume is big more, and soaking time is long more; Come out of the stove air cooling to 400 ℃ of workpiece advances stove then, with the speed stove of≤40 ℃/h be chilled to≤250 ℃, come out of the stove.
Technological property category of the present invention is a high temperature normalizing technology; According to the elemental vanadium in the 34MnV steel in overheated structure, influence characteristics---the carbide of vanadium is scattered in more formed stable overheated structures on the crystal boundary; Make the carbide of vanadium be dissolved in austenite through high temperature; After normalizing air blast cooling, the overheated structure fundamental transformation is non-stable overheated structure, subsequently through a normalizing crystal grain thinning.
Because this material of 34MnV, the content of vanadium is between 0.09～0.11%, and vanadium is as the strong carbide element, formed carbide---V
4C
3Very stable, have only at high temperature and could dissolve in the austenite lentamente.And the crankshaft used for large boat forging ' s block dimension is very big,, forging ratio too high in the Forge Heating temperature hour, these are crossed thermogenetic coarse grain and can not get fragmentation and refinement; In process of cooling,, be easy to cause the carbide of vanadium to have little time gathering and be scattered in this situation on the crystal boundary because forging ' s block dimension is very big.The carbide that the present invention is directed to vanadium is scattered in more formed these characteristics of stable overheated structure on the crystal boundary; In the scope that soaking in the first time high temperature normalizing technological process and holding temperature are defined in 1050 ± 10 ℃; Carbide through making vanadium all is dissolved in austenite, transforms the thermal stability tissue, makes stable overheated structure be transformed into non-stable overheated structure; Make grain refining through conventional normalizing again, thereby can eliminate overheated structure, significantly promote impact property.
Claims (3)
1. heat treating method of eliminating crankshaft used for large boat forging overheated structure, it is characterized in that: being used for material is 34MnV, and weight is not less than 8 tons, and superheated crank axle for vessel forging heat-treats, and may further comprise the steps:
The first step makes the cold conditions workpiece get into heat treatment furnace, rise to 300 ± 10 ℃ as quickly as possible after insulation 5 hours, the speed with≤60 ℃/h is warming up to 720 ℃ again, is warming up to 1050 ± 10 ℃ as quickly as possible, soaking; Treat to be incubated 13～30 hours after soaking finishes; After treating that insulation finishes, workpiece is hung out from stove, cool off; Temperature-stable to the whole body temperature that is cooled to workpiece is 100～150 ℃, makes workpiece advance stove for the second time;
In second step, workpiece is incubated 5 hours in 300 ± 10 ℃ heat treatment furnace, and the speed with≤60 ℃/h is warming up to 720 ℃ again, is warming up to 880 ± 10 ℃ as quickly as possible, soaking; Treat to be incubated 13～30 hours after soaking finishes; Cool off then; Temperature-stable to the whole body temperature that is cooled to workpiece is 100～150 ℃, makes workpiece advance stove for the third time;
In the 3rd step, insulation is 5 hours in 300 ± 10 ℃ heat treatment furnace, and the speed with≤60 ℃/h is warming up to 610 ± 10 ℃, soaking again; Treat to be incubated 14～33 hours after soaking finishes; Come out of the stove air cooling to 400 ℃ of workpiece advances stove then, with the speed stove of≤40 ℃/h be chilled to≤250 ℃, come out of the stove.
2. the heat treating method of elimination crankshaft used for large boat forging overheated structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the type of cooling of the said the first step is the air blast cooling.
3. the heat treating method of elimination crankshaft used for large boat forging overheated structure according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the type of cooling in said second step is spray cooling and/or air blast cooling.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201010284659 CN102399967B (en) | 2010-09-17 | 2010-09-17 | Heat treatment method of eliminating overheated structure of crankshaft forging for large-scale ship |
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| CN 201010284659 CN102399967B (en) | 2010-09-17 | 2010-09-17 | Heat treatment method of eliminating overheated structure of crankshaft forging for large-scale ship |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102643975A (en) * | 2012-04-23 | 2012-08-22 | 马钢(集团)控股有限公司 | Heat treatment method for grain refinement of NiCrMoV steel forging piece |
| CN102776338A (en) * | 2012-07-16 | 2012-11-14 | 张家港海锅重型锻件有限公司 | Strengthening and cooling process for large forging normalizing |
| CN103409606A (en) * | 2013-06-25 | 2013-11-27 | 山东莱芜金雷风电科技股份有限公司 | Method for performing heat treatment on wind power main shaft after forging |
| CN107557540A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-01-09 | 山东伊莱特重工股份有限公司 | A kind of control cold normalizing method of A105 forging |
| CN108380801A (en) * | 2018-02-13 | 2018-08-10 | 无锡宏达重工股份有限公司 | A kind of manufacturing process of large pressurized vessel tube sheet forging |
| CN109371220A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-02-22 | 昆明理工大学 | A method of improving large-scale discarded crank throw forging performance |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2599641B (en) * | 2020-10-01 | 2023-04-26 | Caterpillar Motoren Gmbh & Co | Method for repairing a component by heat treating |
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| CN1227267A (en) * | 1998-02-23 | 1999-09-01 | 毛树辉 | Heat treatment technology for 42 Cr-Mo crankshaft |
| CN1540004A (en) * | 2003-11-03 | 2004-10-27 | 中国重型汽车集团有限公司 | Therma processing method for crankshaft of high-power engine |
| CN101629232A (en) * | 2008-07-16 | 2010-01-20 | 上海重型机器冶铸厂 | Heat treatment method for supercritical turbine cylinder steel castings |
| US20100012648A1 (en) * | 2006-06-22 | 2010-01-21 | Wärtsilä Finland Oy | Method of treating a crankshaft |
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2010
- 2010-09-17 CN CN 201010284659 patent/CN102399967B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1227267A (en) * | 1998-02-23 | 1999-09-01 | 毛树辉 | Heat treatment technology for 42 Cr-Mo crankshaft |
| CN1540004A (en) * | 2003-11-03 | 2004-10-27 | 中国重型汽车集团有限公司 | Therma processing method for crankshaft of high-power engine |
| US20100012648A1 (en) * | 2006-06-22 | 2010-01-21 | Wärtsilä Finland Oy | Method of treating a crankshaft |
| CN101629232A (en) * | 2008-07-16 | 2010-01-20 | 上海重型机器冶铸厂 | Heat treatment method for supercritical turbine cylinder steel castings |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102643975A (en) * | 2012-04-23 | 2012-08-22 | 马钢(集团)控股有限公司 | Heat treatment method for grain refinement of NiCrMoV steel forging piece |
| CN102643975B (en) * | 2012-04-23 | 2013-09-18 | 马钢(集团)控股有限公司 | Heat treatment method for grain refinement of NiCrMoV steel forging piece |
| CN102776338A (en) * | 2012-07-16 | 2012-11-14 | 张家港海锅重型锻件有限公司 | Strengthening and cooling process for large forging normalizing |
| CN103409606A (en) * | 2013-06-25 | 2013-11-27 | 山东莱芜金雷风电科技股份有限公司 | Method for performing heat treatment on wind power main shaft after forging |
| CN107557540A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-01-09 | 山东伊莱特重工股份有限公司 | A kind of control cold normalizing method of A105 forging |
| CN108380801A (en) * | 2018-02-13 | 2018-08-10 | 无锡宏达重工股份有限公司 | A kind of manufacturing process of large pressurized vessel tube sheet forging |
| CN109371220A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-02-22 | 昆明理工大学 | A method of improving large-scale discarded crank throw forging performance |
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