CN102396608A - Grease composition containing middle and short-chain fatty acids and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Grease composition containing middle and short-chain fatty acids and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102396608A CN102396608A CN2011103409524A CN201110340952A CN102396608A CN 102396608 A CN102396608 A CN 102396608A CN 2011103409524 A CN2011103409524 A CN 2011103409524A CN 201110340952 A CN201110340952 A CN 201110340952A CN 102396608 A CN102396608 A CN 102396608A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS, COOKING OILS
- A23D9/00—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings, cooking oils
- A23D9/007—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings, cooking oils characterised by ingredients other than fatty acid triglycerides
- A23D9/013—Other fatty acid esters, e.g. phosphatides
Abstract
The invention discloses a grease composition containing middle and short-chain fatty acids and a preparation method and application thereof. The grease composition is characterized by comprising a component A, a component B and a component C, wherein the component A is 78.3-97.1 percent by weight of triglyceride; 50-95.3 percent by weight of the triglyceride has the characteristics that: (1) the second bit of glyceride is a middle and short-chain fatty acid, and (2) the first and third bits of the glyceride are long-chain fatty acids; the component B is 2.0-20.1 percent by weight of diglyceride; the component C is 0.1-5.0 percent by weight of glycerel monostearte; and the middle and short-chain fatty acid comprises one or more of fatty acids of which the carbon atom numbers are 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 or 12. The grease composition has the functions of suppressing blood fat rise and suppressing body fat accumulation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Short-Chain Fatty Acids that contains, and Short-Chain Fatty Acids has the fat or oil composition of specific distribution, said composition is not easy savings in vivo, and can prevent that eater's blood fat from raising.
Background technology
Grease and protein, carbohydrate are listed as the needed three major nutrient of human life, are the nutriments that body weight for humans is wanted.The main function of grease shows as: 1) be important origin of heat, 1 part of grease can provide than protein and the heat of carbohydrate more than 2 times; 2) essential fatty acid is provided; 3) be the carrier of liposoluble vitamin; 4) be the component part of the construction and the reparation of body; 5) as dietary ingredient, be the carrier of flavour of food products, improve the mouthfeel of food simultaneously.Because the critical function of grease, grease becomes indispensable composition in people's diet.In the past,, once took place multiple owing to the grease intake is crossed the low nutritive disease that causes in grease deficient period.Along with the development of society, grease yield is greatly improved, because grease and flavour of food products have substantial connection, high fatty foods receives an acclaim usually more easily, and people's grease intake improves constantly.Yet; The huge uptake of grease has also encouraged fat generation; Fat generation is closely related with some chronic diseases again, and these chronic diseases comprise hypertension, high fat of blood, fatty liver, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease and diabetes etc., and chronic disease brings heavy financial burden for society and family.Today, the too high problem of grease intake does not occur over just developed country, has become a worldwide problem, and on development trend, the grease excess ingestion has become a more and more serious problem.Under this background, exploitation lipid substitute or healthy carburetion fat have great importance.
Through the suitable processing of albumen or carbohydrate, some character that can simulated fat, people have developed several kinds of fat mimetics.Yet these fat mimetics can not be satisfactory with regard to local flavor, mouthfeel and physical property; In addition, these quasi-grease analogies can not can only substitute grease in very limited field as the effect of heat medium in culinary art; Thereby, can't apply widely.
Sucrose fatty acid polyester is one type of non-absorbent fat or oil, thereby these greases are not for human body provides heat, is a kind of important lipid substitute.It is a kind of sucrose fatty acid polyester that P&G company produces Olestra, and this product is influential lipid substitute, P&G company be Olestra applied for multinomial patent (like US3,600,186, US4; 005,196, US4,797,300, US5,442; 131,5,480,667, US5,490,995, US5; 085,884 and US5,236,733 etc.).But but there is following problem in sucrose-fatty acid polyester: 1) hinder the absorption of liposoluble vitamin; 2) anus leaks.Therefore, it is used and also receives a lot of restrictions, and SPE is mainly used in the salty fast food at present, and wants extra interpolation vitamin A, D, E etc., can not become a kind of substitute of versatility grease.
Medium chain fatty acid glyceride (MCT) is another kind of special grease, because medium chain fatty acid metabolic pathway and common LCFA in vivo has very big-difference, SCFA is not put aside in vivo, and energy can be provided fast.But the MCT smoke point is low, be difficult to conventional culinary art, and MCT does not contain essential fatty acid, has auxotrophy, and the grease that contains SCFA is used as a kind of quick replenishers of energy at present, also seldom uses with oil as food and drink.
Common edible oil mainly is to be made up of triglycerides, and diglyceride is the glyceride molecule that a kind of glycerol molecule is connected with two aliphatic acid.Different with triglycerides, diglyceride has the function that does not accumulate and suppress the blood fat rising.CN97120619.8 discloses a kind of general liquid oil composition, mainly is made up of diglyceride, and wherein 1,3 diglyceride accounts for 40～90%, and this fat or oil composition has the blood fat of reduction and weight losing function.In recent years, the fat or oil composition (CN00811106.5, CN01816692.X, CN01816699.7, CN01816698.9, CN02822176.1, CN03147085.8, CN03819151.2, CN03124997.3, CN200410045268.3, CN200580013517.3) that also has a series of patents to disclose to comprise diglyceride.Different with other lipid substitute, diglyceride can not bring fatty acid nutritive uneven, is a kind of up-and-coming functional grease.The triglycerides that the fusing point of diglyceride is formed than same aliphatic acid is high, and the diglyceride product deposition occurs easily at low temperatures and influences product appearance.For addressing this problem, often need process to separate and remove fractional saturation aliphatic acid the aliphatic acid of synthetic triglyceride, on the one hand, can increase the complexity of production; On the other hand, human body also needs a certain amount of saturated fatty acid, and low excessively saturated fatty acid intake also might be brought certain negative effect to health.In addition, in recent years, the problem of ethylene oxidic ester has caused people's worry in the diglyceride product.Ethylene oxidic ester is a kind of material that is prevalent in the edible oil and fat, is a kind of potential carcinogenic substance, and still, the glycidol ester content is higher in the diglyceride product, and glycidol ester content and diacylglycerol content have certain correlation.It is generally acknowledged that the high temperature deodorization of the generation of ethylene oxidic ester and diglyceride product is relevant, the high temperature deodorization is an important step of grease processing, how to reduce diglyceride product glycidol ester content significantly and has very big difficulty.
Short long-chain fat acid glyceride (SALATRIM) is a kind of low calorie fat; The representational triglyceride structure of this grease comprises two LCFAs and a SCFA; Aliphatic acid being connected to random distribution or mainly being distributed in 1,3 of triglycerides on glycerine is because the SCFA heat is lower than LCFA; Therefore, this grease provides lower heat.SALATRIM can reduce fat generation through the picked-up that reduces heat, does not find significant side effects so far, is regarded as the GRAS material by U.S. FDA, is particularly suitable for being applied to confectionery industry.Patent US6124486 discloses the production method of a kind of SALATRIM, and this method is to adopt the triglycerides of SCFA and the triglycerides of LCFA to carry out ester exchange reaction at random, so fatty acid profile is at random.The main deficiency of SALATRIM is that its physiological effect needs long application just can embody, and effect is obvious inadequately.
At present, people are also constantly seeking new lipid substitute, and expectation can be developed has product better physiological effect, more convenient use, safer.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to develop a kind of grease that can reduce traditional edible oil and fat negative effect, especially have and reduce in the blood triglyceride and suppress the edible oil and fat that body fat is accumulated.The inventor furthers investigate, and intention is from the function of the aliphatic acid composition and the change edible oil and fat that distribute.Be surprised to find that, form and distribution, can obtain to have the fat or oil composition that reduces blood fat and minimizing body fat depot action through the aliphatic acid of directed change edible oil.
The object of the invention realizes through following technical scheme.
A kind of fat or oil composition that contains Short-Chain Fatty Acids comprises the A of 78.3～97.1%wt, the B of 2.0～20.1%wt and the C of 0.1～5.0%wt;
Wherein, the A component is a triglycerides, and 50～95.3%wt satisfies simultaneously in the said triglycerides: 2 of (1) triglycerides is Short-Chain Fatty Acids, and 1 and 3 of (2) triglycerides is LCFA;
The B component is a diglyceride;
The C component is a monoglyceride;
Said Short-Chain Fatty Acids is that carbon number is one or more in 2,4,6,8,10 or 12 the aliphatic acid;
Described LCFA is that carbon number is preferably one or more in 16,18,20,22 or 24 the aliphatic acid.
Said LCFA derives from one or more the mixture in soybean oil, rapeseed oil, peanut oil, corn oil, palm oil, palm-kernel oil, coconut oil, olive oil, tea-seed oil, cottonseed oil, sunflower oil, sesame oil, linseed oil, safflower oil, fish oil or the microorganism.
Preferred the present invention contains the fat or oil composition of Short-Chain Fatty Acids, comprises the A of 90～97%wt, the B of 2～9.9%wt and the C of 0.1～2%wt;
Wherein, the A component is a triglycerides, and 70～95%wt satisfies simultaneously in the said triglycerides: 2 of (1) triglycerides is Short-Chain Fatty Acids, and 1 and 3 of (2) triglycerides is LCFA;
The B component is a diglyceride;
The C component is a monoglyceride;
Said Short-Chain Fatty Acids comprises that carbon number is one or more in 2,4,6,8,10 or 12 the aliphatic acid; Mostly natural Short-Chain Fatty Acids is linear saturated fatty acids.Consider that from the convenience of industrializing implementation and Short-Chain Fatty Acids accretion rate angle in vivo the preferred carbon number of Short-Chain Fatty Acids of the present invention is one or more in 2,4,6,8 or 10 the saturated fatty acid; More preferably, said Short-Chain Fatty Acids comprises that carbon number is one or more in 4,6,8 or 10 the saturated fatty acid.
Fat or oil composition of the present invention can also comprise anti-oxidant.
Said anti-oxidant is preferably ditert-butylhydro quinone (TBHQ) and vitamin E; The content of TBHQ is 20～200mg/kg fat or oil composition, and vitamin E is 100～1000mg/kg fat or oil composition.
Described fat or oil composition can also comprise phytosterol.
Prepare the method for said fat or oil composition, may further comprise the steps:
(1) 1: 2～1: 5 add in closed reaction vessel according to mol ratio Short-Chain Fatty Acids triglycerides and LCFA or long-chain fat acetoacetic ester;
(2) in above-mentioned reaction vessel, add 1,3 specific lipase, absolute pressure is 70～1100pa in the reaction vessel, and 20～80 ℃ were reacted 3～72 hours down;
(3) the molecular clock separation obtains the purpose product.
Said LCFA can adopt one or more the mixture hydrolysis in soybean oil, rapeseed oil, peanut oil, corn oil, palm oil, palm-kernel oil, coconut oil, olive oil, tea-seed oil, cottonseed oil, sunflower oil, sesame oil, linseed oil, safflower oil, fish oil or the microorganism to obtain.The long-chain fat acetoacetic ester then adopts one or more the mixture alcoholysis in soybean oil, rapeseed oil, peanut oil, corn oil, palm oil, palm-kernel oil, coconut oil, olive oil, tea-seed oil, cottonseed oil, sunflower oil, sesame oil, linseed oil, safflower oil, fish oil or the microorganism to obtain.
The addition of said lipase is 1～5%wt of Short-Chain Fatty Acids triglycerides and long-chain fat acid donors total amount, and said long-chain fat acid donors is LCFA or long-chain fat acetoacetic ester.
Said Short-Chain Fatty Acids triglycerides is selected from glyceryl triacetate, tributyrin, tricaproin, hot capric acid glyceryl ester, coconut oil or palm kernel wet goods.
LCFA provides energy and essential fatty acid nutritive is provided in the main function of human body; They are the main aliphatic acid in most edible oil and fat; It has comprised the series fatty acid from C14～C24; Wherein abundant with C16 and C18 aliphatic acid, the lipid of humans and animals cylinder accumulation also is rich in the aliphatic acid of C16 and C18 series.In the LCFA, according to the difference of carbon number, can be divided into saturated fatty acid, monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acid, wherein polyunsaturated fatty acid is the aliphatic acid that human body self can not synthesize, so be called essential fatty acid again.Therefore, LCFA is for human nutrition with provide aspect such as energy to have irreplaceable effect.Aspect oxidative metabolism, LCFA and Short-Chain Fatty Acids have very big difference.Liver and muscle are to carry out the most active tissue of fatty acid oxidation, and its topmost oxidised form is a beta oxidation, and this process can be divided into activation, shift, and beta oxidation is three phases altogether.At first, synthetic thioesters-fatty acyl CoA under the catalysis of acyl CoA synzyme; Then, thioesters-fatty acyl CoA shifts and gets into mitochondria, and long-chain acyl CoA can not freely pass through mitochondria, must get at the carnitine carrier transport, and Short-Chain Fatty Acids can directly get into; At last, in mitochondria, carry out beta oxidation.
The described fat or oil composition that contains Short-Chain Fatty Acids can be used as cooking oil fat or oil is used in food industry processing.Research shows that above-mentioned fat or oil composition can have good versatility and approximate mouthfeel with traditional edible oil and fat.
For better understanding the mechanism of action of fat or oil composition of the present invention, be necessary to set forth the metabolic process of glyceride at human body.Triglycerides in the food is digestion hardly in the oral cavity, has only the glyceride generation partial hydrolysis that comprises short-and-medium carbon chain fatty acid on a small quantity in the stomach, and the decomposition of other most of glyceride is mainly carried out in small intestine.Under the effect of bile salt, triglycerides is broken up into emulsion drop, and under pancreatic lipase, tripe tallow enzyme, coenzyme, calcium ion effect, major part is hydrolyzed to 2-MAG and free fatty (FFA) then, and few part thoroughly is hydrolyzed to glycerine and FFA.The water-soluble glycerine that digestion produces, the MAG of SCFA, medium chain fatty acid and composition thereof mainly is absorbed into liver through portal vein, and FFA wherein combines transportation with plasma protein.The 2-MAG of most of LCFAs and composition thereof in intestinal epithelial cell through three esters of 2-MAG approach synthetic glycerine again; The film that this triglycerides is made up of protein and phosphatide is wrapped and is formed the circulation of chylomicron (CM) entering lymph, gets into blood through ductus thoracicus then.
Fat or oil composition outstanding feature of the present invention is to comprise the triglycerides that a large amount of Short-Chain Fatty Acids are distributed in 2 of glycerine groups; According to the rule of fat metabolic, this glyceride molecule digests the 2-MAG that produces medium chain fatty acid type 2-MAG or short-chain fat acid type in the human small intestine.On the one hand, the MAG of this Short-Chain Fatty Acids type is metabolism easily in vivo, mainly is because Short-Chain Fatty Acids can directly get into mitochondria, and metabolism is more easy and rapid; On the other hand, the human body ability of utilizing this MAG to overlap into triglycerides dies down.The effect of two aspects all can cause the synthetic again weakened of the triglycerides in the intestinal epithelial cell, and unnecessary aliphatic acid also can get into energetic supersession more easily, has reduced savings in vivo.Therefore, 2 of glyceride of the picked-up edible oil and fat that contain Short-Chain Fatty Acids have and reduce blood fat and the effect that suppresses the body fat savings.
The present inventor finds that component A according to the invention is a triglycerides, is the principal component of fat or oil composition of the present invention; Its proportion is 78.3～97.1% (quality); The molecule of characteristic is LML (Long MediumLong representes that 1,3 is that 2 of long-chains are the triglycerides of middle chain structure) or LSL (Long Short Long in the A component; Represent that 1,3 is that 2 of long-chains are the triglycerides of short chain structure) structure.Among the present invention, comprise 50～95.3% (quality) in the qualification A component and have following characteristic: 2 of (1) triglycerides are Short-Chain Fatty Acids, and 1 and 3 of (2) triglycerides is LCFA.Be to comprise the LML of 50～95.3% (quality) or the triglyceride of LSL structure in the A component.
Be further preferred fat or oil composition prescription of the present invention; Preferred A component proportion is 90～97% (quality); 70～95% (quality) have following characteristic in the said triglycerides: 2 of (1) glyceride are Short-Chain Fatty Acids, and 1 and 3 of (2) glyceride is LCFA.More preferably; A kind of fat or oil composition that contains Short-Chain Fatty Acids according to the invention; Said A component is the triglycerides of 90～95% (quality); 70～85% (quality) have following characteristic in the said triglycerides: 2 of (1) glyceride are Short-Chain Fatty Acids, and 1 and 3 of (2) glyceride is LCFA.
A kind of fat or oil composition that contains Short-Chain Fatty Acids of the present invention, its main application fields are that oil is used in the processing of cooking oil fat or food industry, and acid value is less than 2, and preferably, acid value is less than 0.5, and more preferably, acid value is less than 0.2.
Fat or oil composition of the present invention preferably also comprises phytosterol or phytosterin ester.The structurally similar cholesterol of phytosterol can form competition with cholesterol absorption in vivo, thereby reduces body inner cholesterol level.In the present invention, the acquisition of fat or oil composition generally is that the employing distilled fatty acid is a feedstock production, and the phytosterol major part is lost, therefore, can replenish through the method that adds sterol.The content of phytosterol is at least 0.05% in fat or oil composition of the present invention.When needs phytosterol during as a kind of functional components, the phytosterol dosage can be 1～5%.Be used for phytosterol of the present invention and comprise α-Gu Zaichun, cupreol, stigmasterol, campesterol, α-sitostamol, β-sitostamol, stigmastanol, campestanol or cycloartenol.Phytosterin ester is the ester of above-mentioned substance.
For making product have excellent storage stability and the antioxygenic property that improves in application process; The edible oil and fat that contain Short-Chain Fatty Acids of the present invention comprise anti-oxidant, and anti-oxidant has TBHQ, BHA, BHT, vitamin E, vitamin C ascorbyl palmitate etc.The present invention selects for use natural antioxidant vitamin E as anti-oxidant, and the addition of anti-oxidant is 100～1000mg/kg.For further improving antioxidant effect, the present invention preferably adds vitamin E and TBHQ simultaneously as anti-oxidant, and the consumption of TBHQ is 20～200mg/kg.
The specific embodiment
Below introduce enforcement of the present invention in more detail through embodiment.But the present invention is not limited only to these embodiment, the scope that these embodiment do not limit the present invention in any way.Percentage is mass percent among the embodiment when not doing specified otherwise.
The present invention contains the preparation of the fat or oil composition of Short-Chain Fatty Acids; SCT and LCFA or long-chain fat acetoacetic ester in getting respectively are in lipase-catalyzed reaction down, after reaction finishes; Reactant is through molecular clock; Obtain containing the fat or oil composition of Short-Chain Fatty Acids, said composition can be used separately, also can further mix the back with edible oil and fat and form new composition.Above composition can further add phytosterol and anti-oxidant.The mensuration of all kinds of glyceride component adopts HTCGC (high temperature capillary gas chromatography) method in the fat or oil composition, also can adopt HPLC-ELSD method and HPLC-MS-MS method.The preparation method of sample 1～12 is specific as follows:
Sample 1:
The preparation of LCFA: (ratio of saturated aliphatic acid, monounsaturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acid is 0.27: 1: 1 in the ready-mixed oil for Nanhai Grease Industrial's production, golden imperial fish second generation edible blend oil to get commercially available ready-mixed oil product; Contain in the ready-mixed oil prescription sign: rapeseed oil, soybean oil, corn oil, sunflower oil, peanut oil, sesame oil, linseed oil and safflower seed oil component; The NaOH solution of ready-mixed oil 100kg and 100kg, 16%wt is added in the agitated reactor together, and the inflated with nitrogen protection was warming up to the slight boiling condition saponification 8 hours; Add 20% dilute sulfuric acid then and be neutralized to aqueous pH values less than 3; Leave standstill layering in 2 hours, collect upper strata aliphatic acid phase, aliphatic acid is mutually through 180 ℃ of molecular clocks; Collect light component; Obtain aliphatic acid, the mean molecule quantity of this aliphatic acid is 278.3, and wherein 99.8%wt is a LCFA.
Glyceryl triacetate and above-mentioned LCFA mix according to mol ratio at 1: 2; The mixture total weight amount is 1kg, adds the immobilized lipase Lipozyme RM IM (Novozymes Company's product) of substrate 2% (quality), joins together in the 5L triangular flask; Adopt magnetic stirrer; Reaction temperature is 60 ℃, and the reactor absolute pressure is 600 ± 100pa, and the reaction time is 8 hours.Reactant is through molecular clock; The molecular clock temperature is 190 ℃, removes free fatty, when removing free fatty; The major part of other low boiling component (like aliphatic acid or its ethyl ester, middle SCT, contain the triglycerides of 2 Short-Chain Fatty Acids etc.) is removed simultaneously; Obtain containing the fat or oil composition of Short-Chain Fatty Acids, be designated as sample 1, it is formed by shown in the table 1.
Sample 2:
Tributyrin and LCFA (LCFA is with sample 1) mix according to mol ratio at 1: 5; The mixture total weight amount is 1kg, adds the immobilized lipase Lipozyme RM IM (Novozymes Company's product) of substrate 5% (quality), joins together in the 5L triangular flask; Adopt magnetic stirrer; Reaction temperature is 20 ℃, and the reactor absolute pressure is 1000 ± 100pa, and the reaction time is 3 hours.Reactant is through molecular clock, and the molecular clock temperature is 190 ℃, removes free fatty, obtains containing the fat or oil composition of Short-Chain Fatty Acids, is designated as sample 2, and it is formed by shown in the table 1.
Sample 3:
Tributyrin and LCFA (LCFA is with sample 1) mix according to mol ratio at 1: 5; The mixture total weight amount is 1kg, adds the immobilized lipase Lipozyme RM IM (Novozymes Company's product) of substrate 1% (quality), joins together in the 5L triangular flask; Adopt magnetic stirrer; Reaction temperature is 80 ℃, and the reactor absolute pressure is 100 ± 30pa, and the reaction time is 72 hours.Reactant is through molecular clock, and the molecular clock temperature is 190 ℃, removes free fatty, obtains containing the fat or oil composition of Short-Chain Fatty Acids, adds 20% soybean oil and mixes, and obtains sample 3, and it is formed by shown in the table 1.
Sample 4:
Tributyrin and LCFA (LCFA is with sample 1) mix according to mol ratio at 1: 3; The mixture total weight amount is 1kg, adds the immobilized lipase Lipozyme RM IM (Novozymes Company's product) of substrate 2% (quality), joins together in the 5L triangular flask; Adopt magnetic stirrer; Reaction temperature is 50 ℃, and the reactor absolute pressure is 600 ± 100pa, and the reaction time is 12 hours.Reactant is through molecular clock, and the molecular clock temperature is 190 ℃, removes free fatty, obtains containing the fat or oil composition of Short-Chain Fatty Acids, is designated as sample 4, and it is formed by shown in the table 1.
Sample 5:
Tributyrin and LCFA (LCFA is with sample 1) mix according to mol ratio at 1: 4; The mixture total weight amount is 1kg, adds the immobilized lipase Lipozyme RM IM (Novozymes Company's product) of substrate 5% (quality), joins together in the 5L triangular flask; Adopt magnetic stirrer; Reaction temperature is 65 ℃, and the reactor absolute pressure is 500 ± 100pa, and the reaction time is 6 hours.Reactant is through molecular clock, and the molecular clock temperature is 190 ℃, removes free fatty, obtains containing the fat or oil composition of Short-Chain Fatty Acids, is designated as sample 5, and it is formed by shown in the table 1.
Sample 6:
Substitute outside the tributyrin divided by tricaproin, other condition is with sample 5 preparation methods.Obtain sample 6, it is formed by shown in the table 1.
Sample 7:
Substitute outside the tributyrin divided by hot capric acid glyceryl ester, the ratio of hot capric acid is 1: 1.1 (mol ratio) in the hot capric acid glyceryl ester, and other condition is with sample 5 preparation methods.Obtain sample 7, it is formed by shown in the table 1.
Sample 8:
Except that coconut oil substituted tributyrin, other condition obtained sample 8 with sample 5 preparation methods, and it is formed by shown in the table 1.
Sample 9:
Get ready-mixed oil (ready-mixed oil is with sample 1) as sample, be designated as sample 9, it is formed by shown in the table 1.
Sample 10:
Get ready-mixed oil (ready-mixed oil is with sample 1) and add 15.2% hot Triglyceride DDD, it is approaching to record its aliphatic acid composition and sample 7, is designated as sample 10.
Sample 11:
Tributyrin and ethyl linoleate (Zhoushan Xin Nuojia bioengineering Co., Ltd provides) mix according to mol ratio at 1: 4; The mixture total weight amount is 1kg, adds the immobilized lipase LipozymeRM IM (Novozymes Company's product) of substrate 5% (quality), joins together in the 5L triangular flask; Adopt magnetic stirrer; Reaction temperature is 65 ℃, and the reactor absolute pressure is 200 ± 50pa, and the reaction time is 24 hours.Reactant is through molecular clock, and the molecular clock temperature is 190 ℃, collects heavy ends, obtains containing the fat or oil composition of Short-Chain Fatty Acids, is designated as sample 11, and it is formed by shown in the table 1.
Sample 12:
Tributyrin and linoleic acid (Zhoushan Xin Nuojia bioengineering Co., Ltd provides) mix according to mol ratio at 1: 4; The mixture total weight amount is 1kg, adds the immobilized lipase Lipozyme RMIM (Novozymes Company's product) of substrate 5% (quality), joins together in the 5L triangular flask; Adopt magnetic stirrer; Reaction temperature is 65 ℃, and the reactor absolute pressure is 200 ± 50pa, and the reaction time is 24 hours.Reactant is through molecular clock, and the molecular clock temperature is 190 ℃, collects heavy ends, obtains containing the fat or oil composition of Short-Chain Fatty Acids, is designated as sample 12, and it is formed by shown in the table 1.
Table 1
In the table, A: triglycerides; B: diglyceride; C: monoglyceride;
-representative does not detect.
Embodiment 1
To include the mixture emulsifying of the distilled water of 10% grease (grease is table 1 sample 1～9 of the present invention), 3% casein, 0.2% egg yolk lecithin and 86.8%, obtain emulsion.Male and female half and half 10 week SD in age (Sprague-Dawley) are 7 groups of regular grade rats, 10 every group, and 24 ± 2 ℃ of Animal House temperature, humidity 60 ± 5%, illumination 12 hours (8:00-20:00).Above-mentioned emulsion is pressed the dosage of 0.8ml/100g (body weight), and with 18 hours SD rat of this emulsion orally give fasting, timing sampling is measured SD rat blood triglycerides and changed, and the result sees table 2.The fat or oil composition principal component that experimental group 1～8 is adopted is and contains a certain amount of 2 and be the glyceride of Short-Chain Fatty Acids, and sample 9 is the check experiment group with sample 10.Experimental group 1～8 is compared for 9 groups with sample, and the phenomenon (t＜0.01) that blood fat in various degree reduces has all appearred in the SD rat of experimental group 1～8, and amplitude that blood fat reduces and the content of LML or LSL are proportionate.Sample 7 is compared with sample 10, and experimental group 7 also shows the phenomenon that blood fat reduces.
Table 2
Embodiment 2
5 age in week the SD rat, adaptability was fed after 1 week, random packet, 10 every group, every group of male and female half and half.24 ± 2 ℃ of Animal House temperature, humidity 60 ± 5%, illumination 12 hours (8:00-20:00).Feed shown in the feeding table 3 is after 6 weeks, and rat is put to death, and stomach fats such as fat and mesenterium fat around perinephric fat, the genitals in the chorista are weighed after blotting body fluid, and the result is as shown in table 4.Compare with experimental group 9, the phenomenon (t＜0.01) that loses weight and reduce with stomach fat has in various degree all appearred in the SD rat of experimental group 1～8, and the content of LML or LSL is proportionate in amplitude that stomach fat reduces and the sample.The contrast of experimental group 7 experimental group 10 although the two institute's oil fatty acid that adopts is formed is similar to, and stomach fat accumulates significant difference.Above phenomenon explanation, the described fat or oil composition of claim of the present invention has the effect that suppresses accumulation of body fat.
Table 3
| Composition | Content (%) |
| Fat or oil composition | 10 |
| Casein | 20 |
| Mineral matter | 3.5 |
| Vitamin | 1.0 |
| The DL-methionine | 0.3 |
| Cornstarch | 45 |
| Sucrose | 15 |
| Cellulose | 5.0 |
Table 4
Embodiment 3
The oil of the cooking shown in the employing table 5 carries out the culinary application test; Method of testing is the making of fried flour; The used formula for raw stock of fried flour is as shown in table 6, carries out overall merit from the local flavor angle of fried flour, and evaluation result is to mark in 100 minutes according to full marks; For meeting the food processing requirement, evaluation result is as shown in table 7 more than 80 minutes.Visible by table 7, the flavor evaluation result all reached food processing and can accept level when different cooking oil samples were carried out food processing.
Table 5
| Cooking oil | Form |
| Cook oily A | Sample 1+ vitamin E (500mg/kg) |
| Cook oily B | Sample 2+ vitamin E (500mg/kg)+TBHQ (100mg/kg) |
| Cook oily C | Sample 8+ vitamin E (500mg/kg)+TBHQ (20mg/kg) |
| Cook oily D | Sample 10 |
Table 6
| Batching | Consumption (g) |
| Noodles | 200 |
| Cooking oil | 30 |
| Onion | 50 |
| Mung bean sprouts | 50 |
| Mushroom | 30 |
| Pork | 30 |
Table 7
| Specimen | The cooking oil that adopts | Estimate |
| Fried flour A | Cook oily A | 92 |
| Fried flour B | Cook oily B | 89 |
| Fried flour C | Cook oily C | 90 |
| Fried flour D | Cook oily D | 93 |
Claims (10)
1. a fat or oil composition that contains Short-Chain Fatty Acids is characterized in that, comprises the A of 78.3 ~ 97.1%wt, the B of 2.0 ~ 20.1% wt and the C of 0.1 ~ 5.0%wt;
Wherein, the A component is a triglycerides, and 50 ~ 95.3%wt satisfies simultaneously in the said triglycerides: (1) glycerine
Three2 of ester is Short-Chain Fatty Acids, (2) glycerine
Three1 and 3 of ester is LCFA;
The B component is a diglyceride;
The C component is a monoglyceride;
Said Short-Chain Fatty Acids is that carbon number is one or more in 2,4,6,8,10 or 12 the aliphatic acid.
2. fat or oil composition according to claim 1 is characterized in that, comprises the A of 90 ~ 97%wt, the B of 2 ~ 9.9%wt and the C of 0.1 ~ 2%wt;
Wherein, the A component is a triglycerides, and 70 ~ 95%wt satisfies simultaneously in the said triglycerides: (1) glycerine
Three2 of ester is Short-Chain Fatty Acids, (2) glycerine
Three1 and 3 of ester is LCFA;
The B component is a diglyceride;
The C component is a monoglyceride;
Said Short-Chain Fatty Acids comprises that carbon number is one or more in 2,4,6,8,10 or 12 the aliphatic acid.
3. fat or oil composition according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described LCFA is that carbon number is one or more in 16,18,20,22 or 24 the aliphatic acid.
4. fat or oil composition according to claim 3; It is characterized in that the mixture hydrolysis of one or more in described LCFA employing soybean oil, rapeseed oil, peanut oil, corn oil, palm oil, palm-kernel oil, coconut oil, olive oil, tea-seed oil, cottonseed oil, sunflower oil, sesame oil, linseed oil, safflower oil, fish oil or the microorganism obtains.
5. fat or oil composition according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, also comprises anti-oxidant.
6. fat or oil composition according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, also comprises phytosterol or phytosterin ester.
7. prepare the method for the said fat or oil composition of claim 1, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) Short-Chain Fatty Acids triglycerides and LCFA or long-chain fat acetoacetic ester are added in the closed reaction vessel according to mol ratio 1:2 ~ 1:5;
(2) in above-mentioned reaction vessel, add 1,3 specific lipase, absolute pressure is 70 ~ 1100pa in the reaction vessel, and 20 ~ 80 ℃ were reacted 3 ~ 72 hours down;
(3) the molecular clock separation obtains the purpose product.
8. method according to claim 7 is characterized in that, the addition of said lipase is 1 ~ 5%wt of Short-Chain Fatty Acids triglycerides and long-chain fat acid donors total amount, and said long-chain fat acid donors is LCFA or long-chain fat acetoacetic ester.
9. method according to claim 7 is characterized in that, said Short-Chain Fatty Acids triglycerides is selected from one or more in glyceryl triacetate, tributyrin, tricaproin, hot capric acid glyceryl ester, coconut oil or the palm-kernel oil.
10. claim 1 or the 2 described fat or oil compositions that contain Short-Chain Fatty Acids are used the application of oil as cooking oil fat or food industry processing.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011103409524A CN102396608A (en) | 2011-11-02 | 2011-11-02 | Grease composition containing middle and short-chain fatty acids and preparation method and application thereof |
| PCT/CN2011/084874 WO2013063851A1 (en) | 2011-11-02 | 2011-12-29 | Grease combination containing medium-chain or short-chain fatty acid and preparation method and application thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011103409524A CN102396608A (en) | 2011-11-02 | 2011-11-02 | Grease composition containing middle and short-chain fatty acids and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN102396608A true CN102396608A (en) | 2012-04-04 |
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| CN2011103409524A Pending CN102396608A (en) | 2011-11-02 | 2011-11-02 | Grease composition containing middle and short-chain fatty acids and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN (1) | CN102396608A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2013063851A1 (en) |
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| CN110037126B (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2023-06-16 | 丰益(上海)生物技术研发中心有限公司 | Oil composition for improving food flavor |
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