CN102394364B - Multifunctional ceramic slit antenna for distributing, loading and coupling in WIFI (Wireless Fidelity) compatible Big Dipper - Google Patents
Multifunctional ceramic slit antenna for distributing, loading and coupling in WIFI (Wireless Fidelity) compatible Big Dipper Download PDFInfo
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- CN102394364B CN102394364B CN 201110192017 CN201110192017A CN102394364B CN 102394364 B CN102394364 B CN 102394364B CN 201110192017 CN201110192017 CN 201110192017 CN 201110192017 A CN201110192017 A CN 201110192017A CN 102394364 B CN102394364 B CN 102394364B
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Abstract
The invention provides a multifunctional ceramic slit antenna for distributing, loading and coupling in a WIFI (Wireless Fidelity) compatible Big Dipper, relating to a slit array ceramic antenna. The antenna is provided with a ceramic medium base plate and the upper surface of the base plate is provided with a three-slit rectangular radiation patch with a rectangular array hole loading and coupling cavity; the radiation patch is provided with three pairs of slit arrays; two pairs of the slit arrays are parallel to the long edge of the radiation patch and the third pair of the slit arrays are vertical to the long edge of the radiation patch; and the distance between the third pair of the slit arrays and the wide edge of the nearest patch is 1/8 of the length of the patch; the slit array radiation patch is provided with rectangular array holes; the rectangular array hole loading and coupling cavity is symmetrically distributed and a rectangular loading and coupling cavity array is composed of 4-10 rectangular small holes and is respectively loaded at two ends of the slit arrays; the lower surface of the base plate is in a circular hole array photonic band-gap structure and four groups of photonic band-gap arrays are loaded at four corners of a rectangular grounding plate; and in each group of the photonic band-gap array, an L band-gap array is formed by a plurality of rows of circular holes. The antenna provided by the invention has the advantages of low return loss, high gain, small interference and directed radiation and is compatible with WIF frequency ranges.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of improvement gap array ceramic antenna, especially relate to a kind of ceramic antenna of the miniaturization distributed load coupling cavity for the compatible WIFI of big-dipper satellite multifrequency point system.
Background technology
Since two thousand, China has succeeded in sending up navigation positioning satellite of 4 Big Dippeves and No. two navigation positioning satellites of 7 Big Dippeves, has built up navigation experiment system of the Big Dipper, and is building No. two global position systems of the Big Dipper covering the whole world.Antenna must an indispensable part as satellite communication system, is directly determining the performance of satellite communication system.No. two satellite communication systems of the Big Dipper of China work in B1 and B3 frequency range, up (tranmitting frequency) L frequency range and descending (receive frequency) S frequency range.Usually use double frequency or multifrequency to compensate the time-delay that ionospheric propagation causes, this just requires antenna all to have good working performance on each frequency.In addition, because the satellite communication signal is circularly polarised wave, antenna should present circular polarization.In today of information technology fast development, extensive use along with satellite communication system, research to the satellite communication system reception antenna emerges in an endless stream, and as one pole, bipolar, spiral, four arm spirals and microstrip antenna structure, all can be used in the various antennas of satellite communication system.Section is low, volume is little because having for traditional microstrip antenna, in light weight, can be conformal, easy of integration, feeding classification flexibly, be convenient to obtain advantages such as linear polarization and circular polarization, in mobile communication, satellite communication, the guided missile remote measurement, many fields such as Doppler radar have obtained to use widely, are the defectives of microstrip antenna but gain limited always.Along with the continuous development of digital communication technology, wireless network no longer only is a kind of means of computer link network online, and the advantage of its wireless movement is brought more comprehensive, novel, quick, cheap communication way for people.At present, WIFI is used in relatively places with dense of personnel such as airport, station, coffee shop, library more, and WIFI uses mobile devices such as mobile phone, realizes function such as receiving and dispatching mail, browsing page whenever and wherever possible.
After occurring microstrip slot antenna in 1972, studies show that more and more its advantage is quite outstanding, as feeding network and radiating element relative separation; Require lower than paster antenna to manufacturing tolerance; The comparable paster antenna of its unit interval is bigger when the group battle array; For high-speed aircraft, just can satisfy conformal with its surface at an easy rate; In the mobile communication technology field, can be used as antenna for base station or portable antenna.Therefore, microstrip slot antenna is furtherd investigate had that important project is worth and theory significance.
Load coupled cavity technique and also be realization miniaturization commonly used in the antenna works and broadband method, by improve the CURRENT DISTRIBUTION in the antenna at the appropriate location of antenna loading resistor, reactance or conductor, thereby reach the resonance frequency that changes antenna, perhaps under same operating frequency, reduce the height of antenna and the purposes such as antenna pattern that change antenna.The element that loads can be that passive device also can be active network, can be that linear element also can be non-linear, and the most frequently used in the actual engineering is passive loading, as top-loaded, medium load, series arrangement loads, concentrate and load etc.For the not high situation of operating frequency normal adopt to concentrate load, when operating frequency is higher, then adopt distributed load, be to realize the valid approach of antenna miniaturization by loading technique therefore.The signal of the antenna of multifrequency compatibility can be drawn with the GB joint at ground plate impedance matching position, back as required.
Relevant list of references is as follows:
[1]G?John?D.Kraus,Ronald?J.Marhefka,“Antennas?for?all?applications”,New?York:Mc-Graw-Hill,2002。
[2] Li Qingli, Xue Yongqi, Shi Pengfei, Big Dipper DR Integrated Navigation Fusion Algorithm and the application in logistics [J] thereof, small-sized microcomputer system, 2005,12:2150-2154.
[3] Wu Meiping, Lu is bright clear, double satellite receiver system vehicle directional technology [J], National University of Defense technology's newspaper, 2006,3:89-93.
[4]Jianhua?Zhou,Yong?Luo,Baiqiang?You,Bin?Lin,“THREE?TO?TWO?CURVE?FRACTAL?FOLDED?DIPOLE?ANTENNA?FOR?RFID?APPLICATION”,Microwave?and?Optical?Technology?Letters,Vol.52,No.8,August2010,1827-1830。
[5]B.You,B.Lin,J.Zhou,and?W.Xu,“Dual-frequency?folded?dipole?antenna?with?PBG?structure”,Electronics?Letters,2009，45（12）：594-595。
[6]Baiqiang?You,Jianhua?Zhou,Hao?Chen,“The?Application?of?PBG?Configuration?in?Planar?Spiral?Antenna”,Proceedings?of2007IEEE?International?Workshop?on?Anti-counterfeiting,Security?and?Identification(ASID，16Apr-18Apr2007，Xiamen,China),32-35。
[7]Weiwen?Li,Lishao?Cai,Baiqiang?You,“Pattern?Bandwidth?Improving?of?Printed?Notched-Monopole?Antenna”,2009-PrimeAsia-09-Shang?Hai,2009，101-104。
[8]JANG?Y?W.,“Broadband?Cross-Shaped?Microstrip-Fed?Slot?Antenna”[J],Electron?Letters,2000。
Gap array, distributed load coupling cavity control technique, photonic band gap structure are combined, and the antenna design that is applied to satellite system yet there are no report.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide that a kind of return loss is low, gain is high, disturb little and have directional radiation properties, and compatible WIFI frequency range, can be locked among Big Dipper series global position system and the WIFI the compatible multi-functional distributed load of the WIFI Big Dipper that also can compatible other communications bands ceramic slot antenna that is coupled by demand flexibly and easily.
The present invention is provided with the ceramic dielectric substrate, be covered with the metal good conductor on two surfaces of described ceramic dielectric substrate, the upper surface of described ceramic dielectric substrate is to have the three slit rectangular radiation patch that the rectangular array hole loads coupling cavity, be provided with 3 pairs of gap arrays in three slit rectangular radiation patch, wherein the 2 pairs of gap arrays are parallel with the long limit of radiation patch, and are respectively 1/6 and 1/4 of paster broadside with the distance on the long limit of nearest paster; The 3rd pair of gap array is vertical with the long limit of radiation patch, and with the distance of nearest paster broadside be 1/8 of the long limit of paster; Be provided with the rectangular array hole in the gap array radiation patch, described rectangular array hole loads coupling cavity and gets symmetrical distribution, the rectangular array hole loads coupling cavity and is made up of 4～10 rectangle apertures, described 4～10 rectangle apertures load on the gap array two ends respectively, the rectangular array hole loads the coupling cavity width and is 0.6～1.2mm, and length is 1.1～1.5mm; The lower surface of described ceramic dielectric substrate is the array of circular holes photonic band gap structure, described array of circular holes photonic band gap structure adopts 4 groups of photonic band gap array to load on 4 angles of rectangle ground plate, wherein form L band gap shape array by many rows circular hole for every group, the radius of each circular hole is 0.2～1mm, the center of circle spacing in adjacent two holes is 1～3mm in every row, the long limit spacing on L shaped photon band gap and rectangle medium substrate border is 1.5～3mm, and the broadside spacing on L shaped photon band gap and rectangle medium substrate border is 1.5～3mm.
Described metal good conductor can adopt copper or silver etc.
The distance of described 3 pairs of gap arrays from long limit to minor face can be 15～22mm, 10～17mm and 4～9mm, and the gap array width can be 0.5～1.5mm.
Described rectangle aperture can be 8.Described rectangular array hole loads the coupling cavity width and is preferably 1mm, and length is preferably 1.3mm.
Length and the width that can load coupling cavity by length and the rectangular array hole of adjusting gap array are controlled frequency position and gain flexibly.
Described array of circular holes photonic band gap structure can adopt 4 groups of photonic band gap array to load on 4 angles of rectangle ground plate, wherein can form L band gap shape array by 7 circular holes for every group.The radius of each circular hole can be 0.6mm, and the center of circle spacing in adjacent two holes can be 2.2mm in every row; The long limit spacing on L shaped photon band gap and rectangle medium substrate border is 1.5～3mm, and the broadside spacing on L shaped photon band gap and rectangle medium substrate border is 2mm.
The present invention compares with conventional microstrip antenna has following advantage:
The present invention uses the distributed load coupled cavity technique, utilize the broadband/multifrequency stack/advantages such as high radiation resistance of gap array, and in conjunction with the pbg structure of ground plane, complex optimum by series technique, realize the miniaturization of antenna, can satisfy the requirement of big-dipper satellite communication system and WIFI etc. well.
Owing to adopt above structure, so the present invention has the characteristics of directed radiation, and can realize that intelligence is controlled.
Owing to adopt above structure, therefore can reasonably optimize the size of rectangular array hole loading coupling lumen pore on the good conductor radiating surface and the size of good conductor ground plane PBG square opening, cover as required the big-dipper satellite communication system with and all frequency ranges of WIFI etc., make it reach good electromagnetic property.
In sum, the present invention has that size is little, radiation characteristic good, be subjected to that such environmental effects is little, cost is low and be easy to advantages such as integrated, can satisfy the big-dipper satellite communication system with and WIFI etc. to the requirement of antenna.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the be coupled structural representation of ceramic slot antenna of the compatible multi-functional distributed load of the WIFI Big Dipper of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the be coupled pbg structure schematic diagram of ceramic slot antenna of the compatible multi-functional distributed load of the WIFI Big Dipper of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the be coupled main TV structure schematic diagram of ceramic slot antenna of the compatible multi-functional distributed load of the WIFI Big Dipper of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is return loss (S11) performance map of the embodiment of the invention.In Fig. 4, coordinate is rectangular coordinate, and abscissa is represented frequency Frequency (GHz), and ordinate is return loss S11(dB); M1 is 1.2325GHz ,-19.6754dB; M2 is 1.5775GHz ,-32.7853dB; M3 is 2.3825GHz ,-30.2303dB.
Fig. 5 is the E face directional diagram of embodiment of the invention 1.233GHz frequency.In Fig. 5, coordinate is polar coordinates.
Fig. 6 is the E face directional diagram of embodiment of the invention 1.577GHz frequency.In Fig. 6, coordinate is polar coordinates.
Fig. 7 is the E face directional diagram of embodiment of the invention 2.383GHz frequency.In Fig. 7, coordinate is polar coordinates.
The dielectric constant conversion curve figure of the substrate that Fig. 8 adopts for the embodiment of the invention.In Fig. 8, abscissa is frequency Frequency (GHz), and ordinate is return loss S11(dB); Symbol ■ is DK=7; ▲ be DK=8; ◣ is DK=9; ◆ be DK=10; ● be DK=11; ◎ is DK=12.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing.
With reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the present invention is provided with two-sided copper-plated ceramic dielectric substrate 1, and it is long to be 50mm, and wide is 20mm, and height is 2mm.Two sides at ceramic dielectric substrate 1 is covered with copper, upper surface be have that pair of slits array 4, pair of slits array 5, pair of slits array 6 and rectangular array hole load coupling lumen pore 3 cover copper layer 2.Wherein, the length of side of covering copper layer 2 is 42mm ± 0.01mm, and the hem width that covers copper layer 2 is 19mm ± 0.01mm, and the length of side that the rectangular array hole loads coupling lumen pore 3 is 1.3mm ± 0.01mm, and the hem width that the rectangular array hole loads coupling lumen pore 3 is 1mm ± 0.01mm.In covering copper layer 2, it is to load on the gap array two ends respectively that the rectangular array hole loads coupling lumen pore 3 with being symmetrically distributed.The lower surface of ceramic dielectric substrate 1 be have a pbg structure 9 cover copper layer 8, pbg structure 9 is that 4 groups of photonic band gap array load on 4 angles of rectangle ground plate, wherein circularly forms L shaped array by 7 for every group.The radius of each circular port is 0.6mm ± 0.01mm, and the center of circle spacing in adjacent two holes is 2.2mm ± 0.01mm in every row; The long limit spacing on L shaped photon band gap and rectangle medium substrate border is 2mm ± 0.01mm, and the broadside spacing on itself and rectangle medium substrate border is 2mm ± 0.01mm.Mark 7 is power feed hole among Fig. 1, and its radius is 0.5mm ± 0.01mm, is the hollow cylinder that highly passes the ceramic dielectric substrate for 2mm ± 0.01mm.Adopt the form feed of copper axis offset-fed among the present invention, as shown in Figure 3, this feed form makes that the S11 of antenna is lower, and gain increases.Wherein, the inner core of copper axis is connected with rectangular patch 2 by the feedback hole, and the outer core of copper axis links to each other with the reflecting plate 8 of ceramic dielectric plate lower surface.
Referring to Fig. 4, as can be seen from Figure 4, the working frequency range of antenna of the present invention is 2.519～2.521GHz.The return loss of this working frequency range internal antenna (S11) all-below the 10dB, the minimum echo loss at the 2.52GHz place is-22.4dB to show that the return loss performance at whole passband internal antenna can both reach the requirement index.Antenna of the present invention is respectively 0.002G and 0.079% in absolute bandwidth and the relative bandwidth of 2.52GHz, smaller bandwidth, but stable performance can directed radiation, thereby can be advantageously applied in the satellite communication systems such as the Big Dipper and GPS.
Referring to Fig. 5～7, Fig. 5 is the E face figure of 1.233GHz frequency, and Fig. 6 is the E face directional diagram of 1.577GHz frequency, and Fig. 7 is the E face directional diagram of 2.383GHz frequency.We find out that the present invention has directional radiation properties from figure, can satisfy the requirement of big-dipper satellite and WIFI system, and antenna is respectively 2.0457dB and 4.6dB in the gain of 1.577GHz and two frequencies of 2.383GHz, and radiance is superior.
Referring to table 1, table 1 has provided manufacturing mismachining tolerance of the present invention to the situation that influences of antenna performance.
Manufacturing mismachining tolerance of the present invention is very big to the influence of each parameter of antenna, needs manufacturing process very fine.For example, spacing, the size of ceramic dielectric substrate, the thickness of dielectric-slab metallisation good conductor layer, the feed position equal error on width, slit and each limit in size, slit are controlled in 0.01% on the card sheet, and the relative dielectric constant error of ceramic dielectric substrate control is in 0.1% the time, and the parameters of antenna changes little.
Embodiments of the invention have provided the controlled compatible Big Dipper multiband antenna of satellite positioning system of a three frequency ranges intelligence, and compatible WIFI frequency range.The intelligence controllability can be by adjusting substrate the gap width of dielectric constant, thickness and gap array adjust the position of frequency, in Fig. 8, illustrated and adjusted the dielectric constant of substrate to the influence of frequency.The modified epoxy composite ceramic slab that it is good that high performance dielectric baseplate material among the embodiment can adopt dielectric property is substrate, and the relative dielectric constant of substrate is greater than 6, and the desirable relative dielectric constant of representative value is 8.The length of ceramic dielectric plate is 32～56mm, and wide is 16～28mm, and thickness is 1.5～4mm, and the typical sizes of antenna is the cuboid of 50mm * 20mm * 2mm.
In Fig. 8, illustrated and adjusted the dielectric constant of substrate to the influence of frequency.The embodiment intermediate-frequeney point is 1.233GHz, 1.577GHz and 2.383GHz, its working frequency range corresponds to 1.2275～1.2375GHz, 1.5350～1.6175GHz and 2.3075～2.460GHz, absolute bandwidth corresponds to 10MHz, 82.5MHz and 152.5MHz, and relative bandwidth corresponds to 0.914%, 5.234% and 6.397%.
Table 1
Annotate: data are existing certain redundant in the table, and certain relevance is arranged between each parameter, and what provide is equalization characteristic, according to demand particular design.
Claims (8)
- The ceramic slot antenna 1.WIFI the compatible multi-functional distributed load of the Big Dipper is coupled, it is characterized in that being provided with the ceramic dielectric substrate, be covered with the metal good conductor on two surfaces of described ceramic dielectric substrate, the upper surface of described ceramic dielectric substrate is to have the three slit rectangular radiation patch that the rectangular array hole loads coupling cavity, be provided with 3 pairs of gap arrays in three slit rectangular radiation patch, wherein the 2 pairs of gap arrays are parallel with the long limit of radiation patch, and are respectively 1/6 and 1/4 of paster broadside with the distance on the long limit of nearest paster; The 3rd pair of gap array is vertical with the long limit of radiation patch, and with the distance of nearest paster broadside be 1/8 of the long limit of paster; Be provided with the rectangular array hole in the gap array radiation patch, described rectangular array hole loads coupling cavity and gets symmetrical distribution, the rectangular array hole loads coupling cavity and is made up of 4～10 rectangle apertures, described 4～10 rectangle apertures load on the gap array two ends respectively, the rectangular array hole loads the coupling cavity width and is 0.6～1.2mm, and length is 1.1～1.5mm; The lower surface of described ceramic dielectric substrate is the array of circular holes photonic band gap structure, described array of circular holes photonic band gap structure adopts 4 groups of photonic band gap array to load on 4 angles of rectangle ground plate, wherein form L band gap shape array by many rows circular hole for every group, the radius of each circular hole is 0.2～1mm, the center of circle spacing in adjacent two holes is 1～3mm in every row, the long limit spacing on L shaped photon band gap and rectangle medium substrate border is 1.5～3mm, and the broadside spacing on L shaped photon band gap and rectangle medium substrate border is 1.5～3mm.
- 2. the compatible multi-functional distributed load of the WIFI Big Dipper as claimed in claim 1 ceramic slot antenna that is coupled is characterized in that described metal good conductor is copper or silver.
- 3. the compatible multi-functional distributed load of the WIFI Big Dipper as claimed in claim 1 ceramic slot antenna that is coupled, it is characterized in that the distance of described 3 pairs of gap arrays from long limit to minor face is 15～22mm, 10～17mm and 4～9mm, the gap array width is 0.5～1.5mm.
- 4. the compatible multi-functional distributed load of the WIFI Big Dipper as claimed in claim 1 ceramic slot antenna that is coupled is characterized in that described rectangle aperture is 8.
- 5. the compatible multi-functional distributed load of the WIFI Big Dipper as claimed in claim 1 ceramic slot antenna that is coupled is characterized in that it is 1mm that described rectangular array hole loads the coupling cavity width, and length is 1.3mm.
- 6. the compatible multi-functional distributed load of the WIFI Big Dipper as claimed in claim 1 ceramic slot antenna that is coupled, it is characterized in that described array of circular holes photonic band gap structure adopts 4 groups of photonic band gap array to load on 4 angles of rectangle ground plate, wherein form L band gap shape array by 7 circular holes for every group.
- 7. the compatible multi-functional distributed load of the WIFI Big Dipper as claimed in claim 6 ceramic slot antenna that is coupled, the radius that it is characterized in that described circular hole is 0.6mm, the center of circle spacing in adjacent two holes is 2.2mm in every row.
- 8. the compatible multi-functional distributed load of the WIFI Big Dipper as claimed in claim 6 ceramic slot antenna that is coupled, the long limit spacing that it is characterized in that described L shaped photon band gap and rectangle medium substrate border is 1.5～3mm, and the broadside spacing on L shaped photon band gap and rectangle medium substrate border is 2mm.
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| CN103401069B (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2015-09-23 | 厦门大学 | Rod seam compound guides dual-band and dual-feed low elevation angle high-gain microstrip antenna into |
| CN103956584A (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2014-07-30 | 陕西海通天线有限责任公司 | Handheld dual-mode miniaturized user machine antenna |
| CN111488706B (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2023-04-07 | 西安建筑科技大学 | High-speed aircraft array antenna scanning performance compensation method based on global approximation |
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| CN2653718Y (en) * | 2003-09-04 | 2004-11-03 | 上海大学 | Double frequency bipolar slotted microstrip antenna |
| CN101710646A (en) * | 2009-11-26 | 2010-05-19 | 上海大学 | Novel planar inversed-F antenna working under four frequency bands |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2653718Y (en) * | 2003-09-04 | 2004-11-03 | 上海大学 | Double frequency bipolar slotted microstrip antenna |
| CN101710646A (en) * | 2009-11-26 | 2010-05-19 | 上海大学 | Novel planar inversed-F antenna working under four frequency bands |
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| E. Wang，J. Zheng and Y. Liu.A NOVEL DUAL-BAND PATCH ANTENNA FOR WLAN COMMUNICATION.《Progress In Electromagnetics Research C》.2009,全文. * |
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