CN102394346A - Evolution antenna of globe matched beam - Google Patents
Evolution antenna of globe matched beam Download PDFInfo
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- CN102394346A CN102394346A CN2011101826532A CN201110182653A CN102394346A CN 102394346 A CN102394346 A CN 102394346A CN 2011101826532 A CN2011101826532 A CN 2011101826532A CN 201110182653 A CN201110182653 A CN 201110182653A CN 102394346 A CN102394346 A CN 102394346A
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Abstract
The invention provides an evolution antenna of a globe matched beam. The antenna is composed of four radiation arms, a metal reflection floor, a matched branch and an SMA (Small A Type) coaxial connector. The structures of the four radiation arms are the same and the four radiation arms are uniformly distributed in four quadrants; each radiation arm is composed of four folding line sections and the cross section of each radiation arm is circular; the length of each folding line section is one tenth to a half of a work wavelength of the evolution antenna of the globe matched beam; an included angle between the adjacent folding lines on each radiation arm is not less than 20 DEG and a beam figuration can be realized by changing the shape of the four arms so that the requirements of the globe matched beam are met. As the current distribution on the radiation arms is similar to the current distribution on a spiral antenna, the antenna has the characteristic of wide bandwidth compared with the other globe matched beam antennas; meanwhile, the antenna only needs one antenna and can realize the globe matched beam; and compared with the prior art, the antenna has the characteristics of simple and compact structure, no need of complicated feeding networks, small volume and light mass.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of earth coupling wave beam evolution antenna, belong to the satellite antenna field.
Background technology
For middle low orbit aerospace craft, owing to receive the appreciable impact of earth curvature, aircraft is different to the transmission path of ground different angles ground station, and the big more transmission path of angle is long more, and path loss is big more; In order to remedy this loss; Shaped-beam design on the general employing star; Design the antenna that satisfies earth coupling wave beam; It is different with the edge at beam center with the terrestrial links path and the signal intensity difference that produces makes the influence minimum of oblique distance path loss to the link generation to utilize beam shape compensation to cover satellite in the beam area.
Earth coupling beam antenna commonly used at present has: Planar Phased Array Antenna, back reflection bifilar helix antenna, waveguide cross recess array antenna and figuration reflector antenna.
Planar Phased Array Antenna is through optimizing the excitation amplitude and the phase place of each unit of array, and through feeding network some spot beams are synthesized earth coupling shaped-beam, but the deficiency that exists is: structure is huge, heavy, and feeding network is complicated, and loss is big.
Waveguide cross recess array antenna is to open a series of cross gaps at the rectangular waveguide broadside; Position through optimal design waveguide broadside size and fluting; Realize the maximum circular polarization wave beam that is oriented to predetermined direction, utilize the opening radiation of waveguide terminal to form desired earth coupling shaped-beam then, but the narrow bandwidth of such antenna; In order to satisfy the requirement of data transmission subsystem, need 4 pairs of antennas (comprising 1 pair of beacon antenna).So just cause the bigger interference of existence between the antenna, cause power radiation pattern distortion to occur, increased omnidirectional's fluctuation range of maximum gain, be not easy to simultaneously be connected with number transmission transmitter single port output.
The maximum of covering the ball shaped-beam of back reflection bifilar helix antenna is pointed to operating frequency comparatively responsive, and maximum gain is low, is difficult to realize the broadband requirement.
The figuration reflector antenna is to realize earth coupling shaped-beam through single feed figuration reflecting surface, and its shortcoming is that (maximum reaches 7～8dB) to the interior gain fluctuation of beam area, and volume is big, and quality is heavy greatly.
Summary of the invention
Technology of the present invention is dealt with problems and is: overcome the deficiency of existing earth coupling beam antenna, proposed a kind of earth coupling beam antenna, realize the figuration of wave beam, satisfy the requirement of earth coupling wave beam.
Technical solution of the present invention is:
A kind of earth coupling wave beam evolution antenna comprises first radiation arm, second radiation arm, the 3rd radiation arm, the 4th radiation arm, metallic reflection floor, coupling minor matters and feed connection;
The metallic reflection floor is circular, and there is through hole the center, and the diameter on metallic reflection floor reduces the backward radiation that the said earth matees the electromagnetic field of wave beam evolution antenna less than the twice of said earth coupling wave beam evolution antenna operation wavelength thereby be used for reflection electromagnetic wave;
First radiation arm, second radiation arm, the 3rd radiation arm are identical with the 4th radiation arm structure; Be symmetrically distributed in four quadrants; Be positioned on the metallic reflection floor, each radiation arm constitutes by four sections broken lines, and cross section is circular; The length of each broken line be said earth coupling wave beam evolution antenna operation wavelength 1/10th to 1/2nd between, on each radiation arm between the adjacent broken line angle be not less than 20 degree;
One end of coupling minor matters is connected with the metallic reflection floor, and the other end is connected with feed connection; Said coupling minor matters comprise outer conductor and inner wire; The inner wire of coupling minor matters stretches in the through hole on metallic reflection floor; The outer conductor of coupling minor matters and the lower surface on metallic reflection floor are connected, and the lower end of four radiation arms of said earth coupling wave beam evolution antenna all is connected with the inner wire that matees minor matters at the central through hole place on metallic reflection floor.Said coupling minor matters adopt coaxial and receipts or other documents in duplicate minor matters.Said feed connection is the SMA coaxial fitting, and impedance is 50 Ω or 75 Ω.
The present invention's beneficial effect compared with prior art is:
Earth coupling beam antenna of the present invention adopts four special arm irradiation structures, and make that the CURRENT DISTRIBUTION on the radiation arm is similar with helical antenna: the electric current near input is exponential damping; Be standing wave near electric current in the short distance of open end; Current amplitude between this two petiolarea demonstrates relatively uniformly and distributes.The decay in input zone shows, by flow out ripple that ripple returns through the open end reflection got by exponential damping very little, so this antenna relatively other earth coupling beam antenna have very wide impedance bandwidth.Simultaneously, this antenna only needs common antenna can realize earth coupling wave beam, and is simple and compact for structure relative to existing technologies, do not need complicated feeding network, and has that volume is little, the characteristics of light weight.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the front view of earth coupling wave beam evolution antenna of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the develop profile of antenna feed part of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of earth coupling wave beam evolution antenna of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structure chart of earth coupling wave beam evolution antenna of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structure chart of earth coupling wave beam evolution aerial radiation arm of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the main pole directional diagram of earth coupling wave beam evolution antenna X frequency range 0 degree face of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the main pole directional diagram of earth coupling wave beam evolution antenna X frequency range 90 degree faces of the present invention.
Embodiment
Like Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, shown in Figure 4, the earth of the present invention coupling wave beam evolution antenna comprises first radiation arm 1, second radiation arm 2, the 3rd radiation arm 3, the 4th radiation arm 4, metallic reflection floor 5, coupling minor matters 6 and feed connection 7; Coupling minor matters 6 adopt coaxial and receipts or other documents in duplicate minor matters; Feed connection 7 is the SMA coaxial fitting, and impedance is 50 Ω or 75 Ω, and wherein four radiation arms and metallic reflection floor 5 have determined the radiance of antenna jointly; Coupling minor matters 6 are used to improve the Antenna Impedance Matching characteristic; Reach the purpose of regulating input impedance through the length of adjusting minor matters and the position of minor matters, the impedance matching of final realization and feed connection 7, feed connection 7 is the electric interfaces of antenna and radio frequency sending set or receiver.
For satisfying the requirement of earth coupling wave beam, can be optimized design to the coordinate position of each broken line end points, can adopt multiple optimized Algorithm to be optimized, like Newton method, genetic algorithm, evolution algorithmic etc.Wherein, evolution algorithmic is not high to the initial coordinate values dependency degree, and fast convergence rate finds globally optimal solution easily, the most suitable this invention antenna is optimized design.
When utilizing evolution algorithmic that the radiation arm coordinate position is carried out, at first set up the mathematics physics model of antenna, and the initial value of setting radiation arm coordinate is an arbitrary value; Secondly, the coordinate of setting each broken line is as optimization variable, and antenna volume is as constraints, and with the earth mate wave beam f (θ, φ) (θ, φ are angle) is as optimization aim; At last, call evolution algorithmic and begin to optimize, be met the antenna structure of requirement during algorithmic statement.Realize that through radiation arm being carried out figuration the basic principle of earth coupling wave beam is: when carrying out feed through 7 pairs of antennas of SMA coaxial fitting; Can form certain CURRENT DISTRIBUTION on the radiation arm; Electric current is carried out the far-field radiation directional diagram that integration can obtain antenna; When the coordinate time that changes each broken line of radiation arm, promptly changed the shape of radiation arm, this moment, the spatial distribution of electric current also changed thereupon; Different space current distribution integrations obtain different far-field radiation directional diagrams, so the optimization implementation through the radiation arm shape wave beam forming of antenna.Change through the radiation arm direction of rotation can realize different circular polarization directional diagrams, when the radiation arm direction of rotation satisfies right-hand rule, realizes the right-handed circular polarization wave beam, when radiation arm satisfies lefft-hand rule, realizes the left-hand circular polarization wave beam.
When carrying out figuration, radiation arm must satisfy certain constraints; Just can obtain optimized antenna pattern; Condition is: each broken line length of radiation arm is between 1/10th wavelength and 1/2nd wavelength, and angle is not less than 20 degree between the adjacent broken line.Here the wavelength of saying is meant the operation wavelength of said earth coupling wave beam evolution antenna, because the CURRENT DISTRIBUTION on the radiation arm is similar with helical antenna: the electric current near input is exponential damping; Be standing wave near electric current in the short distance of open end; Current amplitude between this two petiolarea demonstrates relatively uniformly and distributes, and standing-wave ratio is very little.The decay in input zone shows, by flow out ripple that ripple returns through the open end reflection got by exponential damping very little, so this antenna has very wide impedance bandwidth; Simultaneously; This antenna only needs common antenna can realize earth coupling wave beam, and is relative to existing technologies, simple and compact for structure; Do not need complicated feeding network, and have that volume is little, the characteristics of light weight.Through test shows: greater than 25%, antenna pattern satisfies the requirement of earth coupling wave beam to this antenna standing wave ratio, like Fig. 6 and shown in Figure 7 less than 1.5 bandwidth.
One end of coupling minor matters 6 is connected with metallic reflection floor 5, and the other end is connected with feed connection 7; Said coupling minor matters 6 comprise outer conductor 13 and inner wire 12; The inner wire 12 of coupling minor matters 6 stretches in the through hole on metallic reflection floor 5; The outer conductor 13 of coupling minor matters 6 is connected with the lower surface on metallic reflection floor 5, and the lower end of four radiation arms of said earth coupling wave beam evolution antenna all is connected with the inner wire 12 that matees minor matters 6 at the central through hole place on metallic reflection floor 5; In general, the coaxial feed joint also is divided into inner wire and outer conductor, and during connection, the inner wire of coupling minor matters and the inner wire of feed connection link to each other, and the outer conductor of coupling minor matters is connected with the outer conductor of feed connection.
Through overtesting; Earth coupling wave beam evolution antenna of the present invention is ￠ 70mm * 56mm at X frequency range volume; Weight is 75g, and the antenna of comparing prior art has that volume is little, the characteristics of light weight, can be used for the transfer of data and the remote-control romote-sensing field of low orbit aerospace craft.
The content of not doing to describe in detail in the specification of the present invention belongs to this area professional and technical personnel's known technology.
Claims (3)
1. an earth coupling wave beam evolution antenna is characterized in that: comprise first radiation arm (1), second radiation arm (2), the 3rd radiation arm (3), the 4th radiation arm (4), metallic reflection floor (5), coupling minor matters (6) and feed connection (7);
Metallic reflection floor (5) is circular; There is through hole the center; The diameter on metallic reflection floor (5) reduces the backward radiation that the said earth matees the electromagnetic field of wave beam evolution antenna less than the twice of said earth coupling wave beam evolution antenna operation wavelength thereby be used for reflection electromagnetic wave;
First radiation arm (1), second radiation arm (2), the 3rd radiation arm (3) are identical with the 4th radiation arm (4) structure; Be symmetrically distributed in four quadrants; Be positioned on the metallic reflection floor (5), each radiation arm constitutes by four sections broken lines, and cross section is circular; The length of each broken line be said earth coupling wave beam evolution antenna operation wavelength 1/10th to 1/2nd between, on each radiation arm between the adjacent broken line angle be not less than 20 degree;
One end of coupling minor matters (6) is connected with metallic reflection floor (5), and the other end is connected with feed connection (7); Said coupling minor matters (6) comprise outer conductor (13) and inner wire (12); The inner wire (12) of coupling minor matters (6) stretches in the through hole of metallic reflection floor (5); The outer conductor (13) of coupling minor matters (6) is connected with the lower surface on metallic reflection floor (5), and the lower end of four radiation arms of said earth coupling wave beam evolution antenna all is connected with the inner wire (12) that matees minor matters (6) at the central through hole place of metallic reflection floor (5).
2. a kind of earth coupling wave beam evolution antenna according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said coupling minor matters (6) adopt coaxial and receipts or other documents in duplicate minor matters.
3. a kind of earth coupling wave beam evolution antenna according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said feed connection (7) is the SMA coaxial fitting, impedance is 50 Ω or 75 Ω.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011101826532A CN102394346A (en) | 2011-06-29 | 2011-06-29 | Evolution antenna of globe matched beam |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011101826532A CN102394346A (en) | 2011-06-29 | 2011-06-29 | Evolution antenna of globe matched beam |
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| CN102394346A true CN102394346A (en) | 2012-03-28 |
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| CN2011101826532A Pending CN102394346A (en) | 2011-06-29 | 2011-06-29 | Evolution antenna of globe matched beam |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110147590A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-08-20 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of helical antenna design method based on Adaptive evolution optimization algorithm |
| CN115189121A (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2022-10-14 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | Circularly polarized metal cavity antenna, array antenna and preparation method thereof |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040201532A1 (en) * | 2003-04-03 | 2004-10-14 | Apostolos John T. | Nested cavity embedded loop mode antenna |
| CN1764011A (en) * | 2004-10-21 | 2006-04-26 | 电子科技大学 | Combined type cage super broadband antenna for short wave and ultra-short wave communication |
| CN201233949Y (en) * | 2008-07-21 | 2009-05-06 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Embedded antenna for mobile terminal |
-
2011
- 2011-06-29 CN CN2011101826532A patent/CN102394346A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040201532A1 (en) * | 2003-04-03 | 2004-10-14 | Apostolos John T. | Nested cavity embedded loop mode antenna |
| CN1764011A (en) * | 2004-10-21 | 2006-04-26 | 电子科技大学 | Combined type cage super broadband antenna for short wave and ultra-short wave communication |
| CN201233949Y (en) * | 2008-07-21 | 2009-05-06 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Embedded antenna for mobile terminal |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| KUN QIN AND SANYOU ZENG: "Automated Antenna Design Using Self-adaptive Differential Evolution Algorithm", 《INTELLIGENT COMPUTATION TECHNOLOGY AND AUTOMATION (ICICTA), 2011 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE》 * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110147590A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-08-20 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of helical antenna design method based on Adaptive evolution optimization algorithm |
| CN110147590B (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2020-11-27 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Spiral antenna design method based on adaptive evolution optimization algorithm |
| CN115189121A (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2022-10-14 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | Circularly polarized metal cavity antenna, array antenna and preparation method thereof |
| CN115189121B (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2024-08-06 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | Circularly polarized metal cavity antenna, array antenna and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20120328 |