A kind of plastic optical fiber power meter reading system
Technical field
The invention belongs to the transmission field of numerical information on the line of electric force, specifically relate to a kind of plastic optical fiber power meter reading system.
Background technology
The existing power remote automatic meter reading system all adopts twin-stage to report mechanism, the first order be ammeter to concentrator, transmission mode is RS485 and 220V power carrier; The second level be concentrator to the electrical management center, transmission mode is wired local network, broadband metropolitan area network, GPRS, wireless communication networks and 10kV power line carrier net.Wherein except that power line carrier, all the other transmission modes all need be rented the external information net, and operation cost is higher.But power line carrier poor anti jamming capability, carrier meter reading system receive the electromagnetic interference (EMI) of equipment easily, embody the unstable problem of carrier meter reading system in peak of power consumption.And a lot of companies can't solve the communication capacity of carrier meter reading system.
Characteristics such as that optical fiber communication has is safe and reliable, confidentiality height; But be used for electric power EPON (Ethernet Passive Optical Network at present; Ethernet passive optical network; Be a kind of novel Optical Access Network technology) shortcoming such as the communication module used of checking meter is on the high side, power consumption is big, and to improve and explore new pattern necessary in the face of the optical fiber EPON technology of electricity meter-reading.
Research about power meter reading system or method at present mainly contains:
Application number is that CN200810017696.3, denomination of invention are the patent of invention of " a kind of electric power carrier wave remote meter reading method ", and disclosed technical scheme is the meter register method of power carrier, at first with the power consumption that reads, encodes; With the information behind the coding, modulating is that spread spectrum, electric current amplify, and ternary 200 μ s pulse-position modulation are adopted in the information modulation, promptly with leading 200 μ s, hysteresis 200 μ s with do not modulate three kinds of modes and make up and represent different information; Information after the modulation is sent on the line of electric force through coupling unit; At the other end of line of electric force, information is pre-service, despreading through coupling unit, ternary 200 μ s pulse position demodulation then, and power consumption is read in decoding.The technical matters of its solution is to have improved the bit rate and the transmission range of electric power carrier wave remote meter reading, overcomes the influence of electric load to kilowatt meter reading-out system.But this patent is not considered whole kilowatt meter reading-out system anti-electromagnetic interference capability.
Application number is that CN200710036998.0, denomination of invention are the patent of invention of " a kind of remote intelligent power meter reading system that is used for broadband network communication "; Line of electric force high-speed wideband communication system and remote centralized meter-reading system are combined, realize online and two functions of electric meters collecting simultaneously.Its technical scheme is: electrification live width band data communication concentrator substitutes concentrator and the collector in the remote centralized meter-reading system; The information acquiring communication mode of ammeter is incorporated in the power line communication mode, adopts a communication line to realize power line communications communication and ammeter remote data acquisition.This technology adopts the high-speed wideband communication system, and operation cost is higher.
And for example application number is that CN201020569466.0, denomination of invention are the patent of " device for power line carrier communications "; Comprise the communication interface, CPU, amplifying circuit and the coupled circuit that connect successively; The technical matters of its solution is to have reduced the number of users that concentrator is born greatly, and then has reduced the ammeter number of required management and then directly reduced the requirement of transmission range; Because this module has adopted the modulation system of OFDM, the phenomenon that intersymbol interferes with each other can not take place, thereby greatly improve reliability of data transmission.But same problem, this patent are not considered whole kilowatt meter reading-out system anti-electromagnetic interference capability.
This shows; Domestic research at present mainly concentrates on carrier meter reading system; And intelligent grid is remarkable to the increasing demand of kilowatt meter reading-out system at a high speed, reliably and cheaply, therefore, and under the prerequisite that meets State Grid Corporation of China's power consumer power information acquisition system standard and requirement; The power meter reading system of the demand of intelligent grid construction is satisfied in exploitation, has greatly practical value.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of plastic optical fiber power meter reading system, and the problem of solution is to have improved the anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI) and the anti-nuclear radiation ability of kilowatt meter reading-out system, dependable performance; Realize the transmission of low cost and data in high speed.
For realizing the foregoing invention purpose, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
A kind of plastic optical fiber power meter reading system, said kilowatt meter reading-out system comprises ammeter, data concentrator and data processing centre (DPC); Its improvements are that said kilowatt meter reading-out system also comprises meter-reading module, plastic optical fiber and data tandem device, and said meter-reading module and said data tandem device include RS232 interface, Transistor-Transistor Logic level chip for driving, optical receiver, optical transmitter and passive component.
Another optimal technical scheme of the present invention is: said power meter reading system carries out the signal transmission through said plastic optical fiber, and the signal flow of said kilowatt meter reading-out system is to being:
Said meter-reading module is gathered the ammeter signal;
Said meter-reading module sends the ammeter signal to said data tandem device through plastic optical fiber;
Said data tandem device sends signal to said data concentrator through plastic optical fiber;
Said data concentrator sends said data processing centre (DPC) to after signal is handled;
The electricity meter-reading process finishes.
Another optimal technical scheme of the present invention is: said optical transmitter comprises light emitting diode, glass bar and connector.
An optimal technical scheme more of the present invention is: said optical receiver comprises photo-detector, glass bar and connector.
An optimal technical scheme more of the present invention is: the signal flow between said meter-reading module and the said data tandem device is to being:
The optical transmitter of said meter-reading module drives light signal through the ammeter signal, and light signal is coupled in the plastic optical fiber;
Said light signal is sent to the optical receiver of said data tandem device through plastic optical fiber;
The optical receiver of said data tandem device is reduced to the ammeter signal with light signal.
An optimal technical scheme more of the present invention is: said ammeter signal comprises the Transistor-Transistor Logic level signal.
POF wherein: (Plastic Optical Fiber) plastic optical fiber, compare with silica fibre with multicomponent glass optical fiber, have major diameter, in light weight, outstanding flexibility and excellent bending property etc., and be easy to processing, cost is low.
Owing to adopted technique scheme, compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention comprises:
Electric system uses POF plastic optical fiber intelligent power meter reading technology to have the incomparable advantage of other system:
Low price, saving copper resource.
The electric noise influence is penetrated, do not had to no electromagnetic wave, and anti-interference ability is extremely strong.
Heavy and light, good toughness, antivibration resistance, durable reliable.
Strong security, safe and reliable.
High bandwidth, at a high speed, high reliability, high-performance.
But need not specific purpose tool, need not melting welding autotomy, tipping.
Waterproof, protection against the tide, antimagnetic, anti-electricity can satisfy the requirement of specific occasion.
After the advantage of plastic optical fiber intelligent power meter reading system also is to adopt the plastic optical fiber kilowatt meter reading-out system to replace carrier meter reading system, will improve the performance of equipment and system in the following aspects.
The anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI) of raising equipment and anti-nuclear radiation ability.
Nothing is crosstalked.Use optical cable to come transmission signals, can not produce between each road signal and crosstalk.
The weight of mitigation system.The weight of the plastic optical fiber of 1500m diameter 1mm is only less than 2kg.
Anti-thunderbolt ability is strong.The optical cable of no metal itself is good insulator, even be exposed to outdoorly, also can not attract the thunder and lightning equipment of breaking.
In addition, plastic optical fiber power meter reading system of the present invention has special advantages at plastic optical fiber meter-reading module, plastic optical fiber flexible jumper and plastic optical fiber bus tandem utensil.
Plastic optical fiber intelligent power meter reading module cheaply
Plastic optical fiber intelligent power meter reading module has the fiber optical transceiver of high sensitivity and very low cost.The principle of plastic optical fiber intelligent power meter reading module is foolproof, but when requiring circuit cost extremely low, also to guarantee to have higher receiving sensitivity, high reliability, volume be little.Native system has been realized transmitting terminal transmission-10dBm at present, and the receiving end receiving sensitivity is-40dBm (the 10E-9 bit error rate).
The plastic optical fiber flexible jumper
The gordian technique of plastic optical fiber flexible jumper is to make simply, cost is low, can use simple tools such as clamp pincers and Electrotechnic blade, accomplishes the assembling of plastic optical fiber flexible jumper loose mail easily at the scene.Its junction loss is less than 1dB.
Plastic optical fiber bus tandem device
Plastic optical fiber bus tandem device is a Primary Component of realizing bus-type plastic optical fiber kilowatt meter reading-out system.The light input signal of any one port is assigned on the port through circuit equably.Each port is in the half-duplex duty, and each has only a port in running order constantly.Transmit port sends to all optical ports simultaneously, is in broadcast mode.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further specified.
Fig. 1 is a plasticity optical fiber power meter reading system one-piece construction synoptic diagram;
Fig. 2 is a plasticity optical fiber electricity meter-reading module circuit diagram;
Fig. 3 is a plasticity optical fiber electricity meter-reading tandem device circuit diagram;
Fig. 4 is a plasticity optical fiber electricity meter-reading module optical transmitter synoptic diagram;
Fig. 5 is a plasticity optical fiber electricity meter-reading module optical receiver synoptic diagram;
Reference numeral:
POF-Plastic Optical Fiber, plastic optical fiber;
RS232-asynchronous transmission standard interface;
The TX-transmission interface;
The RX-receiving interface;
TTL-Transistor Transistor Logic, the transistor-transistor logic level.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with instance the present invention is carried out detailed explanation.
Fig. 1 is a kilowatt meter reading-out system one-piece construction synoptic diagram, and POF plastic optical fiber intelligent power meter reading system mainly is made up of intelligent electric meter, transceiver module, plastic optical fiber, data tandem device, concentrator, data processing centre (DPC).The ammeter signal of optical transmitter (like the signal of Transistor-Transistor Logic level) drives light signal, and light signal is coupled in the plastic optical fiber, is transferred to optical receiver through plastic optical fiber, and optical receiver is reduced to electric signal (like the signal of Transistor-Transistor Logic level) with light signal.Carry out data processing through data concentrator, accomplish the overall process of POF plastic optical fiber intelligent power meter reading.
POF plastic optical fiber intelligent power meter reading module is core in the plastic optical fiber kilowatt meter reading-out system, and POF plastic optical fiber intelligent power meter reading module is made up of RS232 interface, plastic optical fiber transceiver, and is simple in structure, power consumption is little, cost is low.Adopt advanced power system telecommunications technology and special chip and design based on POF plastic optical fiber meter-reading module; Embedded complete light emitting diode meets communication protocol; High-performance, low-power consumption provides the POF plastic optical fiber intelligent power meter reading module of high performance-price ratio for the accurate concentrator of state's network mark.
Fig. 2 is the meter-reading module circuit diagram, and plastic optical fiber intelligent power meter reading module mainly is made up of Transistor-Transistor Logic level chip for driving, fiber optical transceiver and passive component.
Said part is that transtation mission circuit sends to the RS232--TTL level by the TX transmission interface with RS232 ammeter signal and converts TTL at converter, the driving LED luminotron, and light signal merges the POF plastic optical fiber.Accepting circuit is detected by photo-detector and converts electric signal behind the light signal to and convert the ammeter signal to through the RS232--TTL level translator and send to the RX receiver.
Fig. 3 is a plasticity optical fiber electricity meter-reading tandem device circuit diagram, and the tandem device mainly is made up of Transistor-Transistor Logic level chip for driving, fiber optical transceiver, level amplifier and passive component.
Said part is that concentrator transmission signal converts TTL through the RS232--TTL level at converter, carries out tandem by plastic optical fiber tandem device, and the output of tandem device is carried out current limliting driving LED luminotron through electricity, and light signal merges the POF plastic optical fiber.Accept that circuit detects light signal by photo-detector after the device of overdriving is accomplished drives converts the ammeter signal to through the RS232--TTL level translator again and send to concentrator.
Fig. 4 is the optical transmitter structural representation of meter-reading module, and light emitting diode (LED) is that the high-brightness surface that common display is used mounts light emitting diode, and drive current is less than 20mA, centre wavelength 650nm (infrared light).Why choosing the light emitting diode of 650nm, be because the light emitting diode of this wavelength is very cheap, and in the 650nm wavelength, the loss value of plastic optical fiber is relatively low.The light-emitting diode chip for backlight unit size Selection is about 1.0mm * 1.0mm, and is suitable with the diameter of plastic optical fiber, easily light signal is coupled in the plastic optical fiber.
The Transistor-Transistor Logic level signal of outside input is carried out FSK frequency modulation (FSK; Frequency-shift keying; Frequency shift keying; Being to utilize the change of frequency of carrier wave to transmit numerical information, is to utilize the discrete value characteristics of baseband digital signal to go the keyed carrier frequency to transmit a kind of digital modulation technique of information), the carrier signal driving LED that becomes to be more suitable for the plastic optical fiber transmission to the Transistor-Transistor Logic level conversion of signals is luminous.The light signal of light emitting diode (LED) output directly is coupled into the glass bar that diameter is 1.0mm, through glass bar, is coupled in the plastic optical fiber that diameter is 1.0mm again.
Fig. 5 is a meter-reading module optical receiver structural representation, and photo-detector detects light signal and produces induction current, after the amplification module two-stage is amplified, is input to the FSK demodulation module and carries out demodulation by trigger.The signal that demodulates still contains high frequency interference, after filter module carries out filtering, is adjudicated by judging module again, can be reduced into the TTL signal of input.
Invention has been described according to specific exemplary embodiment here.It will be conspicuous under not departing from the scope of the present invention, carrying out suitable replacement to one skilled in the art or revise.Exemplary embodiment only is illustrative, rather than to the restriction of scope of the present invention, scope of the present invention is by appended claim definition.