CN102393107A - Negative-pressure liquid nitrogen subcooler and method for liquid nitrogen temperature reduction - Google Patents
Negative-pressure liquid nitrogen subcooler and method for liquid nitrogen temperature reduction Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a negative-pressure liquid nitrogen subcooler and a method for liquid nitrogen temperature reduction. The negative-pressure liquid nitrogen subcooler is applied to the field of motor vacuum science and technology and comprises a liquid nitrogen conveying system, a subcooler system, a negative-pressure air exhaust system and a discharge system. Wherein the liquid nitrogen conveying system is used for providing liquid nitrogen for the subcooler system, the negative-pressure air exhaust system is provided with an air temperature type vaporizer which is used for reducing the pressure of the subcooler, gas and nitrogen are discharged by the discharge system, in the subcooler system, a pneumatic control valve is adjusted manually in a long-distance manner, so that liquid level of the liquid nitrogen in the subcooler is kept constant. The method comprises the following steps that: firstly, the liquid nitrogen is filled into a liquid nitrogen container, pressure is adjusted, the liquid nitrogen is filled into the subcooler, and the liquid level of the liquid nitrogen in the subcooler is kept constant; then, the negative-pressure air exhaust system is started, and the liquid nitrogen is cooled through a heat exchanger; at last, the liquid nitrogen is recycled and residual liquid is discharged. In the negative-pressure liquid nitrogen subcooler, defect that a constant-pressure liquid nitrogen subcooler only can provide the liquid nitrogen with the minimum temperature of 77 DEG C can be overcome, heat sink temperature can be further reduced, adjustable heat sink temperature between 70 DEG C and 77 DEG C can be achieved, equipment is simple, effect is good and cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to engine vacuum science technical field, the present invention relates to a kind of subcooler device that is used for the further cooling of low temperature liquid nitrogen, specifically is a kind of negative pressure liquid nitrogen subcooler device and the method that reduces liquid nitrogen temperature thereof.
Background technology
The low more pumping efficiency of heat sink temperature is high more.Liquid nitrogen temperature under the normal pressure is 77K, and it is 77K that liquid nitrogen heat sink adopts liquid nitrogen refrigerating to minimum temperature, and the liquid nitrogen heat sink temperature is further reduced; Liquid helium is heat sink in precooling process also adopts liquid nitrogen refrigerating earlier, with the liquid helium heat sink refrigerating minimum be 77K, after convert the liquid helium refrigeration to, the transfer point temperature is low more, the liquid helium amount of consumption is few more when adopting the liquid helium refrigeration, can effectively practice thrift the heat sink operating cost of liquid helium.The outer flow process induction system of liquid nitrogen that is used for heat sink refrigerating generally adopts closed cycle, and this closed cycle is the band pressing system, and purpose is with the liquid nitrogen recycle.The heat sink liquid nitrogen of flowing through generally speaking has the temperature rise of 5K; The liquid nitrogen temperature 77K of the heavy porch of instant heating; The liquid nitrogen temperature 82K in heat sink exit; Subcooler is lowered the temperature after main high temperature liquid nitrogen (82K) the process heat exchange of being responsible for heat sink outlet in the flow process outside the enclosed liquid nitrogen and is become low temperature liquid nitrogen (77K), keeps the circulation of enclosed liquid nitrogen system.
Subcooler is to utilize the latent heat that liquid nitrogen gasification produced that temperature is lower in the container to come the liquid nitrogen that has certain pressure of circulation in the cooling system; Identical with the liquid nitrogen temperature of subcooler internal tank through the liquid nitrogen temperature behind the subcooler, the liquid nitrogen of process subcooler can directly be sent to heat sink inlet.
Traditional subcooler all is the normal pressure subcooler, and so-called normal pressure subcooler is meant that the pressure of subcooler internal tank is normal pressure (atmospheric pressure), and the liquid nitrogen minimum temperature under the normal pressure (atmospheric pressure) is 77K; That is to say the minimum 77K of being of liquid nitrogen temperature of normal pressure subcooler internal tank; Can't continue to reduce, so the normal pressure subcooler can not provide the more liquid nitrogen of low temperature for heat-sink system, can't make heat sink temperature continue to be reduced to below the 77K; And the low more effect of bleeding of heat sink temperature is good more; Can practice thrift experimentation cost more,, then can be heat-sink system lower liquid nitrogen is provided if can make that the inner liquid nitrogen temperature of subcooler is lower.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to make the inner liquid nitrogen temperature of subcooler lower; The method of a kind of negative pressure liquid nitrogen subcooler device and reduction liquid nitrogen temperature thereof is proposed; Overcome the normal pressure liquid nitrogen subcooler and only can be the heat sink shortcoming that minimum temperature 77K is provided; Can further reduce heat sink temperature, realize that heat sink temperature is adjustable between 70～77K.
A kind of negative pressure liquid nitrogen subcooler device comprises liquid nitrogen induction system, subcooler system, negative pressure ventilation system and exhaust system.Include pneumatic control valve, second liquid level gauge and subcooler in the subcooler system, subcooler comprises subcooler container body and heat exchanger again; The liquid nitrogen induction system is imported the cooler container body through pneumatic control valve with liquid nitrogen; The measured value size of second liquid level gauge through being arranged on subcooler container body top comes remote manual to regulate the aperture of pneumatic control valve; Keep the constant of the interior liquid nitrogen liquid level of subcooler container body, and the liquid nitrogen liquid level is higher than heat exchanger; The liquid nitrogen that the subcooler system will flow through heat sink feeds heat exchanger, and will be conveyed into heat sink inlet through the liquid nitrogen of heat exchanger; The negative pressure ventilation system is the subcooler step-down, makes that the inner vapour pressure of cooler container body is 0.03859～0.1Mpa; Exhaust system is used to discharge the nitrogen that liquid nitrogen gasification produces.All pipelines of said device all adopt polyurethane foam.
The liquid nitrogen induction system mainly comprises surveys full valve, feed liquor valve, liquid valve, first-hand valve, second-hand's valve, the 3rd hand valve, magnetic valve, vaporizer, primary scene Pressure gauge, first remote pressure gauge, first liquid level gauge, the first residual liquid discharge valve, first safety valve, second safety valve, subcooler container feed liquor valve, filter and liquid nitrogen container.An end of surveying full valve is connected to the top of liquid nitrogen container through pipeline, is used for surveying full, and when liquid nitrogen container was filled it up with liquid nitrogen, liquid nitrogen can flow out from surveying full valve.One end of feed liquor valve is connected to the bottom of liquid nitrogen container through pipeline, is used for to liquid nitrogen container filling liquid nitrogen.One end of liquid valve is connected to the bottom of liquid nitrogen container through pipeline; The other end is equipped with triplate line; One end of triplate line connects subcooler container feed liquor valve and filter in order and is connected to the subcooler system; The other end of triplate line is connected to the first residual liquid discharge valve, and the first residual liquid discharge valve is installed in liquid nitrogen induction system pipeline its lowest position.End at subcooler container feed liquor valve is provided with first safety valve, and the other end is provided with second safety valve.The left end of magnetic valve is connected with first-hand valve, and right-hand member is connected with second-hand's valve, and the left end of first-hand valve and the 3rd hand valve is connected to the bottom of liquid nitrogen container through triplate line, and the right-hand member of second-hand's valve and the 3rd hand valve is connected to the inlet of vaporizer through triplate line.The outlet of vaporizer is connected directly to the top of liquid nitrogen container through pipeline.The primary scene Pressure gauge and first remote pressure gauge are connected the top of liquid nitrogen container, are used to measure the container pressure of liquid nitrogen container, control the aperture size of magnetic valve or the 3rd hand valve through the measurement of pressure.Filter is used for filtering the impurity of liquid nitrogen pipeline, guarantees the cleaning of liquid-supplying system.First liquid level gauge is used to measure the liquid nitrogen liquid level height of liquid nitrogen container, when the liquid nitrogen liquid level is crossed when low filling in time.
The subcooler system mainly comprises heat exchanger entrance valve, subcooler inlet temperature meter, pneumatic control valve, the 4th hand valve, the 5th hand valve, secondary scene Pressure gauge, the 3rd on-the-spot Pressure gauge, second remote pressure gauge, the 3rd remote pressure gauge, second liquid level gauge, liquid nitrogen recovery valve, vent valve, subcooler outlet temperature meter, heat exchanger exit valve, second residual liquid discharge valve and the subcooler.Subcooler comprises subcooler container body and heat exchanger; It is inner that heat exchanger is installed in the subcooler container body, filling liquid nitrogen in the subcooler container body, and heat exchanger feeds as for the heat sink liquid nitrogen of flowing through; The liquid nitrogen of flowing through heat sink is through behind the heat exchanger; The liquid nitrogen temperature of flowing through heat sink reduces, and the liquid nitrogen temperature of subcooler container body raises, and the heat sink liquid nitrogen temperature of flowing through becomes identical with the liquid nitrogen temperature of subcooler container body through heat exchange.The left end of heat exchanger entrance valve connects the pipeline that feeds the heat sink liquid nitrogen of flowing through; Right-hand member connects the inlet that subcooler inlet temperature meter is connected to heat exchanger; The outlet of heat exchanger connects the left end that subcooler outlet temperature meter is connected to the heat exchanger exit valve through pipeline; The right-hand member of heat exchanger exit valve connects imports heat sink pipeline with liquid nitrogen, directly sends into heat sink inlet from the low temperature liquid nitrogen that the heat exchanger exit valve flow goes out through liquid nitrogen pump, realizes closed cycle.Pneumatic control valve one end is connected to the top of subcooler container body through pipeline; The other end is connected with filter through pipeline; Second liquid level gauge is arranged on the top of subcooler container body; Come remote manual to regulate the aperture of pneumatic control valve through the measured value size of second liquid level gauge, realize the constant of the interior liquid nitrogen liquid level of subcooler container body, and keep the liquid nitrogen liquid level to be higher than heat exchanger.Inlet at heat exchanger is connected with the secondary scene Pressure gauge and second remote pressure gauge through the 4th hand valve, is used for measuring the inlet pressure of heat exchanger, and the 4th hand valve is used to control the switch of the secondary scene Pressure gauge and second remote pressure gauge.Top at the subcooler container body is equipped with the 3rd on-the-spot Pressure gauge and the 3rd remote pressure gauge through the 5th hand valve, is used to measure the internal pressure of subcooler container body, and the 5th hand valve is used to control the switch of the 3rd on-the-spot Pressure gauge and the 3rd remote pressure gauge.One end of one end of liquid nitrogen recovery valve and the second residual liquid discharge valve is connected the bottom of subcooler container body through pipeline.One end of the other end of liquid nitrogen recovery valve and vent valve is connected to exhaust system through triplate line.The other end of vent valve is connected to the left end of heat exchanger exit valve through pipeline, and the vent valve position is higher than the heat exchanger exit valve, is used in time discharging the residual a small amount of gas nitrogen of heat exchange manifold.
Described negative pressure ventilation system comprises the 6th hand valve, the 7th hand valve, the 3rd safety valve, the 4th safety valve, vaporizer inlet temperature meter, second vaporizer, vaporizer outlet temperature meter and vavuum pump; The input of second vaporizer is connected with vaporizer inlet temperature meter, the 6th hand valve and the 3rd safety valve in turn through pipeline; And be connected to the top of subcooler container body and the entrance pipe of exhaust system; The output of second vaporizer connects vaporizer outlet temperature meter and the 4th safety valve successively through pipeline; And being connected to the input of vavuum pump, the vacuum delivery side of pump connects the 7th hand valve through pipeline and is connected to atmosphere.Said second vaporizer is an air temperature type vaporizer, is used for low wet nitrogen is warming up to normal temperature gas nitrogen.Vavuum pump is used for the nitrogen behind the liquid nitrogen vaporization in the subcooler container body is taken away; Keep the space pressure in the subcooler container body to be in the negative pressure state of setting, and make the nitrogen amount of the vaporization that unit interval of vavuum pump is extracted greater than the amount of liquid nitrogen unit interval vaporization.
Exhaust system comprises the 8th hand valve, pneumatic stopping valve and the 5th safety valve; Pneumatic stopping valve is installed in the peak place of negative pressure liquid nitrogen subcooler device of the present invention; The 6th hand valve of the left end of the 8th hand valve and negative pressure ventilation system is connected to the top of subcooler container body through triplate line; The right-hand member of the 8th hand valve is connecting the lower end of pneumatic stopping valve through pipeline; The upper end of pneumatic stopping valve connects atmosphere, and the right-hand member of the 8th hand valve also is connected to the top of liquid nitrogen container through pipeline, and the right-hand member of the left end of vent valve and liquid nitrogen recovery valve.
The caliber of the pipeline that the 8th hand valve belongs in the pipeline at the 6th hand valve in negative pressure ventilation system place and the exhaust system is identical; And the 6th hand valve place pipeline is tried one's best near the top of subcooler container body with the place of connection of the 8th hand valve place pipeline, and connection place is advisable apart from the top 300mm of subcooler container body.
Adopt above-mentioned negative pressure liquid nitrogen subcooler device to reduce the method for liquid nitrogen temperature, specifically comprise following step:
(1) to liquid nitrogen container filling liquid nitrogen: to liquid nitrogen container filling liquid nitrogen, observe simultaneously and survey the full valve and first liquid level gauge, fill with liquid nitrogen until liquid nitrogen container;
(2) be the liquid nitrogen container pressure regulation: open magnetic valve and carry liquid nitrogen to first vaporizer; Gas nitrogen after the gasification is delivered to liquid nitrogen container; And, make liquid supply pressure be stabilized in 0.4～0.6MPa through the primary scene Pressure gauge of liquid nitrogen induction system and the liquid supply pressure of the first remote pressure gauge regulator solution nitrogen cascade;
(3) to subcooler container body filling liquid nitrogen: open liquid valve, subcooler container feed liquor valve and pneumatic control valve to subcooler container body filling liquid nitrogen; Liquid nitrogen liquid level in the subcooler container body is higher than heat exchanger; Open the 8th hand valve and pneumatic stopping valve during filling, be convenient to the discharging of the nitrogen of liquid nitrogen gasification generation;
(4) constant height of the liquid nitrogen liquid level in the maintenance subcooler container body: through the measured value of second liquid level gauge, regulate the aperture of pneumatic control valve, the liquid nitrogen liquid level in the subcooler container body is remained in the scope of setting;
(5) start negative pressure ventilation system 300: close the 8th hand valve; Open the 6th hand valve, the 7th hand valve; Start vavuum pump simultaneously, the subcooler container body is carried out vacuum suction, keep the interior space pressure of subcooler container body to be in the negative pressure state of setting through pipeline;
(6) be liquid nitrogen cooling through heat exchange manifold: open heat exchanger entrance valve, heat exchanger exit valve, the heat sink high temperature liquid nitrogen that flows out is fed, and the liquid nitrogen after the heat exchanger cooling of will flowing through exports to heat sinkly again, the process vent valve is being opened always in giving step;
(7) liquid nitrogen of recovery subcooler container body: after the off-test; Close liquid valve, pneumatic control valve, vent valve, the 6th hand valve and the 8th hand valve; Open the liquid nitrogen recovery valve; The pressure that utilizes liquid nitrogen gasification generation in the subcooler container body makes liquid nitrogen be back in the liquid nitrogen container along pipeline to self supercharging;
(8) discharging raffinate: it is clean with liquid nitrogen discharging residual in the subcooler container body to open the second residual liquid discharge valve, and it is clean with liquid nitrogen discharging residual in the pipeline to open the first residual liquid discharge valve.
Advantage of the present invention and good effect are:
(1) method of negative pressure liquid nitrogen subcooler device provided by the invention and reduction liquid nitrogen temperature thereof; Is furnished with the negative pressure ventilation system; Can subcooler container body pressure be evacuated to the negative pressure state 0.03859～0.1MPa of setting, make the high temperature liquid nitrogen of the heat exchanger of flowing through reduce to the liquid nitrogen temperature 70～77K of regulation, overcome the normal pressure liquid nitrogen subcooler and only can be the heat sink shortcoming that minimum temperature 77K is provided; Can further reduce heat sink temperature, heat sink exhaust capacity and efficient are improved greatly.
(2) method of negative pressure liquid nitrogen subcooler device provided by the invention and reduction liquid nitrogen temperature thereof is mainly used in the liquid nitrogen closed circulation system, can liquid nitrogen temperature further be cooled to 70K, is the heat sink liquid nitrogen refrigerating that 70K is provided.Formerly with liquid nitrogen with the liquid helium heat sink refrigerating to 70K, and then utilize liquid helium with the liquid helium heat sink refrigerating to 4K, practiced thrift the consumption of expensive liquid helium in the precooling process greatly, system operation cost reduces greatly; Liquid nitrogen can be reduced to 100K than heat sink temperature with the heat sink 70K that is cooled to of liquid helium, can reduce liquid helium precooling consumption 33%, about 0.7m
3Liquid helium.
(3) method of negative pressure liquid nitrogen subcooler device provided by the invention and reduction liquid nitrogen temperature thereof; When being used for the liquid helium heat sink refrigerating; Reduce liquid helium consumption in the course of work, be used to protect the heat sink liquid nitrogen heat sink temperature of liquid helium can be reduced to 70K, heat sink heat radiation reduces liquid nitrogen heat sink greatly to liquid helium; Further reduced expensive liquid helium consumption, system operation cost reduces; In the course of normal operation, when the liquid nitrogen heat sink temperature was 100K, because the heat loss that radiation brings is 754W, when heat sink temperature dropped to 70K, heat loss was reduced to 238W, and the radiation heat loss reduces by 68%, and the total heat duties during with respect to system works reduces by 7%.
(4) be furnished with air temperature type vaporizer in the negative pressure ventilation of the present invention system, the nitrogen that approaches environment temperature is provided, not freezing when the protection vavuum pump is bled by low temperature nitrogen.
(5) negative pressure liquid nitrogen subcooler device provided by the invention can realize remaining the recovery of liquid nitrogen and the discharging of remaining liquid nitrogen after the off-test.
(6) negative pressure liquid nitrogen subcooler device provided by the invention is furnished with pneumatic control valve, but remote manual is regulated the size of carrying amount of liquid nitrogen to the subcooler container body, realizes the constant of subcooler container body liquid level.
(7) negative pressure liquid nitrogen subcooler device provided by the invention, the liquid nitrogen induction system is furnished with low-temperature solenoid valve, can realize the adjusting of liquid nitrogen container liquid supply pressure remote auto.
(8) method of negative pressure liquid nitrogen subcooler device provided by the invention and reduction liquid nitrogen temperature thereof, principle is unique, equipment is simple, effective, operating cost is low.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 be traditional normal pressure subcooler the main body sketch;
Fig. 2 is the saturated vapor pressure table of nitrogen;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of negative pressure liquid nitrogen subcooler device provided by the invention;
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of reduction liquid nitrogen temperature method of the present invention.
Among the figure:
The 100-liquid nitrogen induction system 200-subcooler 300-of the system negative pressure ventilation 400-of system exhaust system 101-surveys full valve
The first-hand valve 105-of 102-feed liquor valve 103-liquid valve 104-magnetic valve 106-second-hand valve
107-the 3rd hand valve 108-vaporizer 109-primary scene Pressure gauge 110-first remote pressure gauge 111-first liquid level gauge
The 112-first residual liquid discharge valve 113-first safety valve 114-subcooler container feed liquor valve 115-second safety valve
116-filter 117-liquid nitrogen container 201-heat exchanger entrance valve 202-subcooler inlet temperature meter 203-pneumatic control valve
204-the 4th hand valve 205-secondary scene Pressure gauge 206-second remote pressure gauge 207-second liquid level gauge
208-the 5th hand valve 209-the 3rd on-the-spot Pressure gauge 210-the 3rd remote pressure gauge 211-liquid nitrogen recovery valve 212-vent valve
The 213-subcooler outlet temperature meter 214-heat exchanger exit valve 215-second residual liquid discharge valve 216-subcooler
217-subcooler container body 218-heat exchanger 301-the 3rd safety valve 302-the 6th hand valve
The 303-vaporizer inlet temperature meter 304-second vaporizer 305-vaporizer outlet temperature meter 306-the 4th safety valve
307-vavuum pump 308-the 7th hand valve 401-the 8th hand valve 402-pneumatic stopping valve 403-the 5th safety valve
The specific embodiment
To combine accompanying drawing and embodiment that the present invention is done further detailed description below.
As shown in Figure 1, the normal pressure subcooler mainly is made up of heat exchanger 218 and subcooler container body 217, and the liquid nitrogen input heat exchanger 218 of flowing through heat sink passes through subcooler container body 217, is input to once more to go in heat sink.Through the normal pressure subcooler, can make that flowing out the temperature of heat sink liquid nitrogen when inflow is heat sink is reduced to 77K.
Negative pressure liquid nitrogen subcooler device of the present invention is furnished with negative pressure ventilation system 300; Can the subcooler container internal pressure be evacuated to below the normal pressure, the further reduction of the liquid nitrogen temperature of subcooler internal tank be made it to be lower than 77K, thereby further reduced the heat sink refrigerating temperature; Heat sink corresponding exhaust capacity and pumping speed improve greatly; Especially effect is more obvious for the heat sink precooling of liquid helium, has further reduced the heat sink liquid helium consumption in precooling process of liquid helium, practices thrift cost.
Under certain flow, pressure condition, the liquid nitrogen temperature in the subcooler container body will determine the temperature of heat exchanger through liquid nitrogen in the pipeline after the heat exchange, if the employing of subcooler container body is the normal pressure liquid nitrogen, then the liquid nitrogen temperature after the heat exchange is 77K.Utilize vavuum pump, can subcooler container body internal pressure be reduced, thus the vapourizing temperature of reduction liquid nitrogen, the temperature reduction of liquid nitrogen in the pipeline after the realization heat exchange.As can beappreciated from fig. 2, the pressure of liquid nitrogen three phase point, temperature are respectively 0.01253MPa, 63.15K, 1 crust (bar)=100,000 handkerchiefs (Pa)=0.1MPa.Thereby make liquid nitrogen get into three phase point for fear of hypotony liquid nitrogen is solidified, and cause heat transfer deterioration, the interior liquid nitrogen of subcooler container body is set gets 70K, this moment, corresponding saturated vapor pressure was 0.03859MPa.
Negative pressure liquid nitrogen subcooler device of the present invention, as shown in Figure 3, comprise liquid nitrogen induction system 100, subcooler system 200, negative pressure ventilation system 300 and exhaust system 400.
Liquid nitrogen induction system 100 provides liquid nitrogen for the subcooler 216 in the subcooler system 200, and negative pressure ventilation system 300 is subcooler 216 step-downs in the subcooler system 200, makes that subcooler 216 inner vapour pressures are that 0.03859～0.1MPa is adjustable; Actual value can be according to heat sink temperature required concrete adjusting; When subcooler 216 inner vapour pressures were 0.03859MPa, this moment, 300 work of negative pressure ventilation system can be the heat sink 70K of providing liquid nitrogen refrigerating; When subcooler 216 inner vapour pressures are 0.1MPa; Valve 302 was closed negative pressure ventilation system 300 and was not worked this moment, was equivalent to the normal pressure subcooler, can be the heat sink 77K of providing liquid nitrogen refrigerating; As also need heat sink temperature adjustable between 70～77K, then only need corresponding adjusting subcooler 216 inner steam pressures to get final product.The liquid nitrogen that subcooler system 200 will flow through heat sink feeds heat exchanger 218, and after heat exchanger 218 carried out heat exchange through subcooler 216 inside, the temperature of the heat sink liquid nitrogen of flowing through of input reduced, and directly is admitted to heat sink inlet.Exhaust system 400 is used to discharge the nitrogen that liquid nitrogen gasification produces.
All pipelines of negative pressure liquid nitrogen subcooler device of the present invention must adopt polyurethane foam, avoid pipeline surface frosting, and pipeline foaming thickness depends on the caliber size, and the big more foaming thickness of caliber is big more.
Liquid nitrogen induction system 100 comprises surveys full valve 101, feed liquor valve 102, liquid valve 103, first-hand valve 104, magnetic valve 105, second-hand's valve 106, the 3rd hand valve 107, first vaporizer 108, primary scene Pressure gauge 109, first remote pressure gauge 110, first liquid level gauge 111, the first residual liquid discharge valve 112, first safety valve 113, subcooler container feed liquor valve 114, second safety valve 115, filter 116 and liquid nitrogen container 117.Feed liquor valve 102 and liquid valve 103 are connected the bottom of liquid nitrogen container 117; Liquid valve 103 other ends are equipped with triplate line; One end of this triplate line is connected with filter 116 through first safety valve 113, subcooler container feed liquor valve 114, second safety valve 115 in order, and the other end is connected to the first residual liquid discharge valve 112.The left end of the left end of first-hand valve 104 and the 3rd hand valve 107 is connected to the bottom of liquid nitrogen container 117 through triplate line; The right-hand member of first-hand valve 104 connects the left end of magnetic valve 105 and second-hand's valve 106 in order; The right-hand member of the right-hand member of second-hand's valve 106 and the 3rd hand valve 107 is connected to first vaporizer, 108 porch through threeway.108 outlets of first vaporizer are connected directly to liquid nitrogen container 117 tops through pipeline.Feed liquor valve 102 is used for to liquid nitrogen container 117 filling liquid nitrogen.Survey full valve 101 1 ends and be connected to liquid nitrogen container 117 tops through pipeline, it is full to be used for survey, and when liquid nitrogen container 117 was filled it up with liquid nitrogen, liquid nitrogen can flow out from surveying full valve 101.Liquid valve 103 is connected to liquid nitrogen container 117 bottoms through pipeline, is used for carrying liquid nitrogen to subcooler system 200.Magnetic valve 105 is used for carrying liquid nitrogen to first vaporizer 108, but remote auto control is easy to operate.First-hand valve 104 is often opened with second-hand's valve 106, and when magnetic valve 105 damaged, first-hand valve 104 cut out with second-hand's valve 106, and dismantle magnetic valve 105 maintain and replaces this moment does not all influence system's operate as normal.The 3rd hand valve 107 is normally closed, is system backup, when magnetic valve damages, closes first-hand valve 104 and 106 whiles of second-hand's valve, opens the 3rd hand valve 107 and realizes carrying to the liquid nitrogen of first vaporizer 108.First vaporizer 108 is used for carrying the pressurization of gas nitrogen to liquid nitrogen container 117; Supply gas pressure is adjustable according to system requirements; Lean on the size adjustment of magnetic valve 105 or the 3rd hand valve 107 apertures, aperture means that for a short time the amount of liquid nitrogen of carrying to first vaporizer 108 is little, reduces simultaneously through the vaporized gas nitrogen amount in first vaporizer, 108 backs; Cause the boost pressure of liquid nitrogen container 117 to reduce, reverse operating then causes the boost pressure of liquid nitrogen container 117 to increase.The primary scene Pressure gauge 109 and first remote pressure gauge 110 are used to measure the container pressure of liquid nitrogen container 117, control the aperture size of magnetic valve 105 or the 3rd hand valve 107 through the measurement of pressure.Filter 116 is used for filtering the impurity of liquid nitrogen pipeline, guarantees the cleaning of liquid-supplying system; First liquid level gauge 111 is used to measure the liquid nitrogen liquid level height of liquid nitrogen container 117, when the liquid nitrogen liquid level is crossed when low filling in time; The first residual liquid discharge valve 112 is installed in the pipeline its lowest position of liquid nitrogen induction system 100 device, be used for off-test after the liquid nitrogen that pipeline is residual in time discharge; First safety valve 113 and second safety valve 115 are used to prevent that the loine pressure of liquid nitrogen induction system 100 is too high, and venting, discharge opeing are used.
Negative pressure ventilation system 300 comprises the 3rd safety valve 301, the 6th hand valve 302, vaporizer inlet temperature meter 303, second vaporizer 304, vaporizer outlet temperature meter 305, the 4th safety valve 306, vavuum pump 307 and the 7th hand valve 308.Connect the 3rd safety valve 301, the 6th hand valve 302, vaporizer inlet temperature meter 303, second vaporizer 304, vaporizer outlet temperature meter 305, the 4th safety valve 306, vavuum pump 307 and the 7th hand valve 308 in order through pipeline.The 6th hand valve 302 place pipelines should keep caliber identical with the 8th hand valve 401 place pipelines; And the 6th hand valve 302 place pipelines and the 8th hand valve 401 belong to the pipeline connection place should be as far as possible near the top of subcooler container body 217; And between distance be that 300mm is advisable; Can effectively increase the conductance of extract system, avoid causing conductance decline, gas pumping speed to reduce, reduce the time of bleeding, practice thrift experimentation cost because of exhaust pipe is long.Second vaporizer 304 is an air temperature type vaporizer, is used for low wet nitrogen is warming up to normal temperature gas nitrogen, and pump intake is to the demand of gas temperature when working to satisfy vavuum pump 307.Vavuum pump 307 is used to vacuumize; Mainly be that the nitrogen behind the liquid nitrogen vaporization in the subcooler container body 217 is taken away; Keep subcooler container body 217 interior space pressure to be in the negative pressure of setting; Be lower than an atmospheric state, require gas nitrogen amount that unit interval of vavuum pump extracts amount greater than liquid nitrogen vaporization; The 3rd safety valve 301 and the 4th safety valve 306 are used to prevent the system pipeline hypertonia, and venting is used.
Negative pressure ventilation system 300 1 ends connect atmosphere, and the other end is connected with exhaust system 400 with subcooler system 200 respectively through triplate line, is convenient to the negative pressure ventilation to subcooler system 200.
The present invention also proposes negative pressure liquid nitrogen subcooler device method of operating, is specially to comprise following step:
(1) to liquid nitrogen container 117 filling liquid nitrogen: to liquid nitrogen container 117 filling liquid nitrogen, observe simultaneously and survey the full valve 101 and first liquid level gauge 111, fill with liquid nitrogen until liquid nitrogen container 117.
(2) give liquid nitrogen container 117 pressure regulation: open magnetic valve 105 and carry liquid nitrogen to first vaporizer 108; Gas nitrogen after the vaporization is delivered to liquid nitrogen container 117; And the liquid supply pressure through primary scene Pressure gauge 109 and first remote pressure gauge, 110 regulator solution nitrogen cascades 117, make liquid supply pressure be stabilized in 0.4～0.6MPa.
(3) to subcooler container body 217 filling liquid nitrogen: open liquid valve 103, subcooler container feed liquor valve 114, pneumatic control valve 203 and realize liquid nitrogen filling to subcooler container body 217; Be higher than heat exchanger 218 until liquid level; Open the 8th hand valve 401, pneumatic stopping valve 402 during filling, be convenient to the discharging of the nitrogen that liquid nitrogen gasification produces.
(4) keep the liquid nitrogen liquid level in the subcooler container body 217 constant: through measuring second liquid level gauge 207, the aperture of regulating pneumatic control valve 203 remains in the scope of setting the height of the liquid nitrogen liquid level in the subcooler container body 217.
(5) negative pressure ventilation system 300 starts: close the 8th hand valve 401; Open the 6th hand valve 302 and the 7th hand valve 308; Start vavuum pump 307 simultaneously, subcooler container body 217 is carried out vacuum suction, keep subcooler container body 217 interior space pressure to be in the negative pressure of setting through pipeline; Be lower than an atmospheric state, the present invention can realize that subcooler container body 217 interior liquid nitrogen gasification temperature further are reduced to 70K under the negative pressure.
(6) be liquid nitrogen cooling through heat exchanger 218 pipelines: open heat exchanger entrance valve 201, heat exchanger exit valve 214; The heat sink high temperature liquid nitrogen that flows out is fed; Utilize the abundant heat exchange of heat exchanger 218 and subcooler container body 217, the high temperature liquid nitrogen of the heat exchanger 218 of flowing through is reduced to low temperature liquid nitrogen, the present invention can realize the low temperature liquid nitrogen temperature can be reduced to 70K; This process vent valve 212 is opened always, is convenient to the eliminating of the gas nitrogen of generation in the pipeline.
(7) liquid nitrogen of subcooler container body 217 reclaims: must will remain liquid nitrogen after the off-test and reclaim; Close liquid valve 103, pneumatic control valve 203, vent valve 212, the 6th hand valve 302, the 8th hand valve 401; Open liquid nitrogen recovery valve 211; The pressure that utilizes liquid nitrogen gasification generation in the subcooler container body 217 makes liquid nitrogen be back in the liquid nitrogen container 117 along pipeline to self supercharging.
(8) residual liquid discharge: the liquid nitrogen to continuing to reclaim is done emission treatment, and it is clean with liquid nitrogen discharging residual in the subcooler container body 217 to open the second residual liquid discharge valve 215; It is clean with liquid nitrogen discharging residual in the pipeline to open the first residual liquid discharge valve 112.
Claims (7)
1. negative pressure liquid nitrogen subcooler device; It is characterized in that; Said device comprises liquid nitrogen induction system (100), subcooler system (200), negative pressure ventilation system (300) and exhaust system (400); Include pneumatic control valve (203), second liquid level gauge (207) and subcooler (216) in the subcooler system (200), subcooler (216) comprises subcooler container body (217) and heat exchanger (218) again; Liquid nitrogen induction system (100) is imported liquid nitrogen in the subcooler container body (217) through pneumatic control valve (203); The measured value size of second liquid level gauge (207) through being arranged on subcooler container body (217) top comes remote manual to regulate the aperture of pneumatic control valve (203); Keep the constant of the interior liquid nitrogen liquid level of subcooler container body (217), and the liquid nitrogen liquid level is higher than heat exchanger (218); The liquid nitrogen that subcooler system (200) will flow through heat sink feeds heat exchanger (218), and will be conveyed into heat sink inlet through the liquid nitrogen of heat exchanger (218); Negative pressure ventilation system (300) is subcooler container body (217) step-down, makes that the inner vapour pressure of subcooler container body (217) is 0.03859～0.1Mpa; Exhaust system (400) is used to discharge the nitrogen that liquid nitrogen gasification produces;
Described negative pressure ventilation system (300) comprises the 6th hand valve (302), the 7th hand valve (308), the 3rd safety valve (301), the 4th safety valve (306), vaporizer inlet temperature meter (303), second vaporizer (304), vaporizer outlet temperature meter (305) and vavuum pump (307); The input of second vaporizer (304) is connected with vaporizer inlet temperature meter (303), the 6th hand valve (302) and the 3rd safety valve (301) in turn through pipeline; And be connected to the top of subcooler container body (217) and the entrance pipe of exhaust system (400); The output of second vaporizer (304) connects vaporizer outlet temperature meter (305) and the 4th safety valve (306) successively through pipeline; And being connected to the input of vavuum pump (307), the output of vavuum pump (307) connects the 7th hand valve (308) through pipeline and is connected to atmosphere; Described vavuum pump (307) is used for the nitrogen behind the liquid nitrogen vaporization in the subcooler container body (217) is taken away, and nitrogen amount that vavuum pump (307) unit interval the takes out amount greater than the liquid nitrogen vaporization of subcooler container body (217) interior unit interval is set;
All pipelines of said device all adopt polyurethane foam.
2. a kind of negative pressure liquid nitrogen subcooler device according to claim 1 is characterized in that described second vaporizer (304) is an air temperature type vaporizer, is used for the low wet nitrogen that in subcooler container body (217), extracts is warming up to normal temperature gas nitrogen.
3. a kind of negative pressure liquid nitrogen subcooler device according to claim 1; It is characterized in that described liquid nitrogen induction system (100) comprising: survey full valve (101), feed liquor valve (102), liquid valve (103), first-hand valve (104), magnetic valve (105), second-hand's valve (106), the 3rd hand valve (107), first vaporizer (108), primary scene Pressure gauge (109), first remote pressure gauge (110), first liquid level gauge (111), the first residual liquid discharge valve (112), first safety valve (113), subcooler container feed liquor valve (114), second safety valve (115), filter (116) and liquid nitrogen container (117); Survey the top that full valve (101) is connected liquid nitrogen container (117); Feed liquor valve (102) is connected the bottom of liquid nitrogen container (117); One end of liquid valve (103) is connected the bottom of liquid nitrogen container (117); The other end is equipped with triplate line; One end of this triplate line is connected with subcooler system (200) through first safety valve (113), subcooler container feed liquor valve (114), second safety valve (115), filter (116) in order, and the other end of this triplate line is connected to the first residual liquid discharge valve (112), and the first residual liquid discharge valve (112) is installed in the pipeline its lowest position of liquid nitrogen induction system (100); The left end of the left end of first-hand valve (104) and the 3rd hand valve (107) is connected to the bottom of liquid nitrogen container (117) through triplate line; The right-hand member of first-hand valve (104) connects the left end of magnetic valve (105) and second-hand's valve (106) in order; The right-hand member of the right-hand member of second-hand's valve (106) and the 3rd hand valve (107) is connected to the porch of vaporizer (108) through triplate line, and vaporizer (108) outlet is connected to the top of liquid nitrogen container (117) through pipeline; First-hand valve (104) is often opened with second-hand's valve (106), and the 3rd hand valve (107) is normally closed, and when magnetic valve (105) damaged, first-hand valve (104) cut out with second-hand's valve (106), and the 3rd hand valve (107) is opened; Primary scene Pressure gauge (109) and first remote pressure gauge (110) are connected the top of liquid nitrogen container (117), are used to measure the container pressure of liquid nitrogen container (117), control the aperture size of magnetic valve (105) or the 3rd hand valve (107) through the measurement of pressure; Liquid level gauge (111) is connected the top of liquid nitrogen container (117), is used to measure the liquid nitrogen liquid level height of liquid nitrogen container (117), when the liquid nitrogen liquid level is crossed when low filling in time.
4. a kind of negative pressure liquid nitrogen subcooler device according to claim 1; It is characterized in that described subcooler system (200) also comprises: heat exchanger entrance valve (201), subcooler inlet temperature meter (202), the 4th hand valve (204), secondary scene Pressure gauge (205), second remote pressure gauge (206), the 5th hand valve (208), the 3rd on-the-spot Pressure gauge (209), the 3rd remote pressure gauge (210), liquid nitrogen recovery valve (211), vent valve (212), subcooler outlet temperature meter (213), heat exchanger exit valve (214) and the second residual liquid discharge valve (215); Heat exchanger entrance valve (201) left end connects the pipeline of incoming stream through heat sink liquid nitrogen; Right-hand member connects the arrival end that subcooler inlet temperature meter (202) is connected to heat exchanger (218) through pipeline; The port of export of heat exchanger (218) is connected with subcooler outlet temperature meter (213) through pipeline and connects the left end of heat exchanger exit valve (214), and the right-hand member of heat exchanger exit valve (214) connects imports heat sink pipeline with liquid nitrogen; Pneumatic control valve (203) left end is connected with liquid nitrogen induction system (100) through pipeline, and right-hand member is connected to the top of subcooler container body (217) through pipeline; Secondary scene Pressure gauge (205) and second remote pressure gauge (206) are connected to the inlet of heat exchanger (218) through the 4th hand valve (204), and the 3rd on-the-spot Pressure gauge (209) and the 3rd remote pressure gauge (210) are connected to the top of subcooler container body (217) through the 5th hand valve (208); One end of the left end of liquid nitrogen recovery valve (211) and the second residual liquid discharge valve (215) is connected the bottom of subcooler container body (217) through triplate line; The right-hand member of the left end of vent valve (212) and liquid nitrogen recovery valve (211) is connected to exhaust system (400) through triplate line; The right-hand member of vent valve (212) is through the left end of pipeline connection heat exchanger exit valve (214), and the position of vent valve (212) is higher than heat exchanger exit valve (214).
5. a kind of negative pressure liquid nitrogen subcooler device according to claim 1 is characterized in that described exhaust system (400) comprises the 8th hand valve (401), pneumatic stopping valve (402) and the 5th safety valve (403); Described pneumatic stopping valve (402) is installed in the peak place of described negative pressure liquid nitrogen subcooler device; The 6th hand valve (302) of the left end of described the 8th hand valve (401) and negative pressure ventilation system (300) is connected to the top of subcooler container body (217) through triplate line; The right-hand member of the 8th hand valve (401) is connecting the lower end of pneumatic stopping valve (402) through pipeline; The upper end of pneumatic stopping valve (402) connects atmosphere; The right-hand member of the 8th hand valve (401) also connects the top of the liquid nitrogen container (117) of liquid nitrogen induction system (100) through pipeline, and the right-hand member of the left end of the vent valve (212) of subcooler system (200) and liquid nitrogen recovery valve (211).
6. according to claim 1 or 5 described a kind of negative pressure liquid nitrogen subcooler devices; It is characterized in that; The caliber of the pipeline at the 8th hand valve (401) place is identical in the pipeline at the 6th hand valve (302) place in the described negative pressure ventilation system and the exhaust system (400), and pipeline that the 6th hand valve (302) and the 8th hand valve (401) belong to is set be communicated with the top 300mm of place apart from the subcooler container body.
7. application rights requires any described negative pressure liquid nitrogen subcooler device of 1-6 to reduce the method for liquid nitrogen temperature, it is characterized in that this method comprises the steps:
(1) be liquid nitrogen container (117) filling liquid nitrogen: liquid nitrogen container (117) the filling liquid nitrogen to liquid nitrogen induction system (100), observe the full valve (101) of survey and first liquid level gauge (111) of liquid nitrogen induction system (100) simultaneously, fill with liquid nitrogen until liquid nitrogen container (117);
(2) be liquid nitrogen container (117) pressure regulation: the magnetic valve (105) of opening liquid nitrogen induction system (100) is carried liquid nitrogen to first vaporizer (108); Gas nitrogen after the gasification is delivered to liquid nitrogen container (117); And, make liquid supply pressure be stabilized in 0.4～0.6MPa through the primary scene Pressure gauge (109) of liquid nitrogen induction system (100) and the liquid supply pressure of first remote pressure gauge (110) regulator solution nitrogen cascade (117);
(3) be subcooler container body (217) filling liquid nitrogen: the pneumatic control valve (203) of liquid valve (103), subcooler container feed liquor valve (114) and subcooler system (200) of opening liquid nitrogen induction system (100) is to subcooler container body (217) filling liquid nitrogen; Liquid level until liquid nitrogen is higher than heat exchanger (218), opens the 8th hand valve (401) and the pneumatic stopping valve (402) of exhaust system (400) during filling;
(4) keep the liquid nitrogen liquid level in the subcooler container body (217) constant: through second liquid level gauge (207) measured value of subcooler system (200); Regulate the aperture of pneumatic control valve (203), the liquid nitrogen liquid level in the subcooler container body (217) is remained in the scope of setting;
(5) start negative pressure ventilation system (300): close the 8th hand valve (401); Open the 6th hand valve (302), the 7th hand valve (308); Start vavuum pump (307) simultaneously; Through pipeline subcooler container body (217) is carried out vacuum suction, keep the interior space pressure of subcooler container body (217) to be in the negative pressure state of setting;
(6) pipeline through heat exchanger (218) is the liquid nitrogen cooling of heat sink output: heat exchanger entrance valve (201), the heat exchanger exit valve (214) of opening subcooler system (200); The high temperature liquid nitrogen of heat sink outflow is fed heat exchanger (218); And the liquid nitrogen after heat exchanger (218) cooling of will flowing through outputs to heat sinkly again, and the vent valve (212) of this process subcooler system (200) is opened always;
(7) liquid nitrogen of recovery subcooler container body (217): after the off-test; Close liquid valve (103), pneumatic control valve (203), vent valve (212), the 6th hand valve (302) and the 8th hand valve (401); Open the liquid nitrogen recovery valve (211) of subcooler system (200), liquid nitrogen is back in the liquid nitrogen container (117) along pipeline;
(8) discharging raffinate: the second residual liquid discharge valve (215) of opening subcooler system (200) is clean with liquid nitrogen discharging residual in the subcooler container body (217), and it is clean with liquid nitrogen discharging residual in the pipeline to open the first residual liquid discharge valve (112).
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| CN103318427A (en) * | 2013-06-25 | 2013-09-25 | 上海宇航系统工程研究所 | Space environment simulation testing system |
| CN105402605A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-03-16 | 上海启元空分技术发展股份有限公司 | Device and method for recycling liquid nitrogen through vacuum pump |
| CN105627638A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-06-01 | 西安交通大学 | Quick supercooling device for cryogenic propellant |
| CN110562502A (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2019-12-13 | 上海卫星装备研究所 | Device and method for discharging redundant gas suitable for liquid nitrogen supply pipeline |
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| CN111457635A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2020-07-28 | 西安交通大学 | Methane mixed propellant modulation/anti-icing supercooling system |
| CN114562836A (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2022-05-31 | 上海交通大学 | Small supercooled liquid nitrogen acquisition device with controllable pressure and supercooling degree |
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| CN111043805B (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2021-09-10 | 成都新连通低温设备有限公司 | High-power variable temperature pressure experiment system for liquid nitrogen temperature zone |
| CN111457635A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2020-07-28 | 西安交通大学 | Methane mixed propellant modulation/anti-icing supercooling system |
| WO2023143115A1 (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2023-08-03 | 上海明悦医疗科技有限公司 | Freezing system |
| CN114562836A (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2022-05-31 | 上海交通大学 | Small supercooled liquid nitrogen acquisition device with controllable pressure and supercooling degree |
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