CN102391661B - Method for preparing polymer composite material from plant fiber by chemical non-continuous pretreatment - Google Patents
Method for preparing polymer composite material from plant fiber by chemical non-continuous pretreatment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a polymer composite material from plant fiber by chemical non-continuous pretreatment. The method comprises the following specific steps: fixing plant fiber the length of which is cut into 2cm-3cm with a fixture, and regulating the height of the fixture so that partial plant fiber is infiltrated to a chemical pretreatment reagent; washing to obtain the plant fiber subjected to non-continuous pretreatment; mixing the plant fiber subjected to non-continuous pretreatment with dried substrate resin to obtain a composite material; and carrying out hot pressing on the composite material, and removing burrs and fins, so as to prepare the composite material product. According to the invention, the compositions and structure of the fiber part treated by the chemical reagent are changed due to the action of the reagent and fibrillation is generated; and the interface adhesive force of the plant fiber and the substrate material is enhanced, and the original fiber strength of the fiber part which is not infiltrated by the chemical reagent is maintained. Compared with the composite material prepared by the same fiber completely treated, the mechanical property of the composite material prepared by the method disclosed by the invention can be further enhanced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of by discontinuous chemical pre-treatment, when keeping the mechanical property of vegetable fibre own, improve the method for itself and macromolecule matrix interfacial adhesion power, be specifically related to the method for preparing polymer composite material from plant fiber by chemical non-continuous pretreatment.
Background technology
Along with the enhancing of people's environmental consciousness, the research and development of vegetable fibre enhancing polymer-based composite becomes the study hotspot of new millennium.But, because interfacial tension between vegetable fibre and body material is very large, during melting, body material is poor to the wetting property of vegetable fibre, the composite material interface tackiness a little less than, affect composite materials property.Therefore, must adopt chemical process or physical method to carry out surface preparation to vegetable fibre.
Traditional chemically pretreating process comprises the methods such as alkaline purification, grafting processing, coupling processing, but no matter adopts which kind of method, and its concrete implementation process is all that fiber is carried out to complete immersion treatment, to strengthen interface performance between vegetable fibre and macromolecule matrix.But so complete immersion treatment method, the weakening vegetable fibre self performance that can go up largely.For matrix material, to only have and the weakening of vegetable fibre self performance is unlikely to have influence in the situation of composites performance when a kind of method, the raising of its boundary strength is just meaningful.And current scholar mostly will concentrate in the adjustment to the formula of concrete treatment process or processing parameter, as the adjustment to solvent strength, the change in treatment time, or adopt some new-type reagent treatment, do not consider that the specific embodiments that how reagent is added on to vegetable fibre was improved, all adopted the treatment process of soaking fully.
Summary of the invention
For solving above-mentioned defect of the prior art and deficiency, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of preparing polymer composite material from plant fiber by chemical non-continuous pretreatment.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
(1) length has been reduced to the vegetable fibre of 2cm～3cm and fixed with fixture, the alignment jig height infiltrates in Chemical Pretreatment reagent 1/5～4/5 of plant fiber length, infiltrating time is 10min～120min, then, till vegetable fibre to the scrub raffinate after the washing infiltration is neutrality, obtain discontinuous pretreated vegetable fibre;
After the discontinuous pre-treatment of above-mentioned chemistry, the part that vegetable fibre infiltrates in Chemical Pretreatment reagent has been removed the impurity such as hemicellulose, xylogen, pectin, but and increased the accessibility of vegetable fibre and body material contact area and reactive group, reduce the fento rotation angle, improved the interface performance of vegetable fibre and body material; The part do not infiltrated in Chemical Pretreatment reagent is keeping the original mechanical property of vegetable fibre, thereby plays the effect that improves the comprehensive mechanical strength of matrix material.
(2) discontinuous pretreated vegetable fibre and dried matrix resin are added in mixing facilities mixing, 175 ℃～210 ℃ of melting temperatures; Discontinuous pretreated vegetable fibre accounts for 10%～50% of dried matrix resin quality, and mixing time is 5 min～10min, obtains matrix material;
(3), by above-mentioned composite material hot-pressed formation, obtain goods after moulding, then, through burr removal, overlap, make composite product.
Described Chemical Pretreatment reagent is alkali lye, grafting reagent or coupling reagent.
The NaOH solution that described alkali lye is mass concentration 5%～20% or KOH solution; Described grafting reagent is alkylating reagent, acetylation reagent, benzoylation reagent or cyanoethylation reagent; The silane coupling agent that described coupling reagent is mass concentration 0.5%～2%, titanate coupling agent, organic chromium complex compound coupling agent or aluminic acid class coupling agent.
The phloem fiber that described vegetable fibre is more than one fibers in flax, hemp, jute, ramie, mestha and sisal hemp, or the cloth of above-mentioned phloem fiber.
Described hot-forming temperature is 190 ℃～210 ℃, pressure 8Mpa～12Mpa, and clamp time is 15 min～22min; In hot pressing, venting is 20 times～40 times, and be 2 s～3s the interval time of at every turn exitting.
To the chemistry of vegetable fibre, discontinuous pre-treatment can be used as an independent step application and strengthens in the preparation process of polymer-based composites in various vegetable fibres now in the present invention.The various existing mixing and molding techniques such as the vegetable fibre of processing through the present invention can adopt out refining, banburying, extrudes, calendering prepare matrix material, the operational path simple possible, fundamentally solved traditional method and take the sacrificial fiber self performance and improve the problem of composite material interface performance as cost.Vegetable fibre of the present invention is not limited to sisal fibers, and while due to core of the present invention, being the vegetable fibre pre-treatment, the sisal fibers do not infiltrated in chemical reagent maintains the original state, and has kept the original good mechanical property of this fiber.Utilize the various vegetable fibres of vegetable fibre enhancing polymer-based composite, as approaching as fiber and the sisal fibers performance of flax, hemp, jute, ramie or mestha phloem.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) the present invention carries out discontinuous pre-treatment to vegetable fibre, make the part that preprocessing solution was processed be present in a branch of vegetable fibre with untreated part simultaneously, the part of processing has been removed hemicellulose, xylogen, the impurity such as pectin, obtained enhancing with the body material interface binding power, untreated Activities of Some Plants fiber self performance can be not weakened, when strengthening vegetable fibre and body material interface performance, reduce the infringement of preprocessing process to the vegetable fibre self performance, make with the body material compound tense and can bring into play to greatest extent the vegetable fibre that strengthens usefulness,
(2) through the present invention, pretreated vegetable fibre can adopt out refining, banburying, extrudes, the various existing mixing and molding technique such as calendering prepares matrix material, and the operational path simple possible, be applicable to industrialization production.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the pretreated schematic diagram of vegetable fibre in the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is further elaborated, but be not limited to this.
As shown in Figure 1, wherein 1 is iron stand to the discontinuous pretreated operation chart of Plant Fiber Chemistry, and 2 is tank, and 3 is fixture, and 4 is vegetable fibre, and 5 is Chemical Pretreatment reagent.
1, the NaOH alkaline purification liquid that is 18% by mass concentration is placed in tank.The sisal fibers that a branch of length has been cut to 2cm is fixed on iron stand with fixture, and the alignment jig height immerses below the tank liquid level 1/2 of vegetable fibre, and all the other 1/2 are exposed in the middle of air, and the treatment time is 10min.Then vegetable fibre to the scrub raffinate after the washing processing is neutral, can make an end through solution-treated, and the undressed discontinuous pretreated vegetable fibre of the other end;
2. above-mentioned discontinuous pretreated vegetable fibre and dried matrix resin poly(lactic acid) are joined in mill, carry out mixing, discontinuous pretreated vegetable fibre accounts for 20% of dried matrix resin quality, melting temperature is 175 ℃, and mixing time is 10min, obtains matrix material;
3. matrix material above-mentioned steps made adds in mould, specifically adopts the rectangular slab timber die, and mould length and width, thick being respectively: 20cm, 10cm, 4mm are hot-forming on vulcanizing press.Mold temperature is 210 ℃, pressure 10Mpa, and clamp time is 15min.In hot pressing, venting is 20 times, and be 3s the interval time of at every turn exitting, and gas in mould is fully discharged, and obtains moulded products; After the taking-up moulded products, fin cutting, overlap, make the sheet composition goods.
Embodiment 2
1, the NaOH alkaline purification liquid that is 18% by mass concentration is placed in tank.The sisal fibers that a branch of length has been cut to 2cm is with fixture on iron stand, and the alignment jig height, immerse below the tank liquid level 1/2 of vegetable fibre, and all the other 1/2 are exposed in the middle of air, and the treatment time is 10min.Then vegetable fibre to the scrub raffinate after the washing processing is neutral, can make an end through solution-treated, and the undressed discontinuous preprocessing plant fibre of an end;
2 by above-mentioned discontinuous preprocessing plant fibre and dried matrix resin poly(lactic acid) join in mill, carry out mixing, discontinuous pretreated vegetable fibre accounts for 30% of dried matrix resin quality, melting temperature is 185 ℃, and mixing time is 8min, obtains matrix material;
3. matrix material above-mentioned steps made adds in mould, specifically adopts the rectangular slab timber die, and mould length and width, thick being respectively: 20cm, 10cm, 4mm are hot-forming on vulcanizing press.Mold temperature is 200 ℃, pressure 10Mpa, and clamp time is 19min.In hot pressing, venting is 30 times, and be 3s the interval time of at every turn exitting, and gas in mould is fully discharged, and obtains moulded products; After the taking-up moulded products, fin cutting, overlap, make the sheet composition goods.
Embodiment 3
1, the NaOH alkaline purification liquid that is 18% by mass concentration is placed in tank.The sisal fibers that a branch of length has been cut to 2cm is fixed on iron stand with fixture, and the alignment jig height immerses below the tank liquid level 1/2 of vegetable fibre, and all the other 1/2 are exposed in the middle of air, and the treatment time is 10min.Then vegetable fibre to the scrub raffinate after the washing processing is neutral, can make an end through solution-treated, and the undressed discontinuous preprocessing plant fibre of an end;
2. above-mentioned discontinuous preprocessing plant fibre and dried matrix resin poly(lactic acid) are joined in mill, carry out mixing, discontinuous pretreated vegetable fibre accounts for 40% of dried matrix resin quality, melting temperature is 200 ℃, and mixing time is 5min, obtains matrix material;
3. matrix material above-mentioned steps made adds in mould, specifically adopts the rectangular slab timber die, and mould length and width, thick being respectively: 20cm, 10cm, 4mm are hot-forming on vulcanizing press.Mold temperature is 190 ℃, pressure 8Mpa, and clamp time is 22min.In hot pressing, venting is 40 times, and be 2s the interval time of at every turn exitting, and gas in mould is fully discharged, and obtains moulded products; After the taking-up moulded products, fin cutting, overlap, make the sheet composition goods.
(wherein the tensile bars for the tensile property test is of a size of: useful length 25mm, width 4mm, thickness 1mm, dumbbell shaped batten respectively embodiment 1 to embodiment 3 prepared composite product to be made to batten; Batten for impact property and bending property test is of a size of: length 10cm, width 10mm, thickness 4mm, the rectangular parallelepiped batten), and respectively the sisal fibers in each embodiment is soaked to the serialization pre-treatment fully, as a control group, pretreating reagent and concentration thereof, the soak time all embodiment corresponding with each are identical, the preparation process of each control group composite product all embodiment corresponding with each is identical, then carries out performance test.Tensile property, bending property, impact property is respectively according to GB/T1040-2006, and GB1449-2005 and GB/T1843-2008 are tested, and test result is as shown in table 1.
Table 1
As can be seen from the above table, every mechanical property that the sisal fibers that adopts the discontinuous processing of an end processing untreated this chemistry of the other end to prepare strengthens lactic acid composite material generally improves.In the embodiment 1 that is 20% at the sisal fibers massfraction, the sisal fibers that the matrix material flexural strength that adopts pretreatment technology of the present invention to make is processed with respect to complete successive soaking strengthens poly-lactic acid material and has improved 72.54%; Shock strength has improved 39.32%; Tensile modulus has improved 12.28%.In the embodiment 2 that is 30% at the sisal fibers massfraction, the sisal fibers that the matrix material flexural strength that adopts pretreatment technology of the present invention to make is processed with respect to complete successive soaking strengthens poly-lactic acid material and has improved 39.46%; Shock strength has improved 53.49%; Tensile modulus has improved 13.12%.In the embodiment 3 that is 40% at the sisal fibers massfraction, the sisal fibers that the matrix material flexural strength that adopts pretreatment technology of the present invention to make is processed with respect to complete successive soaking strengthens poly-lactic acid material and has improved 65.79%; Shock strength has improved 15.87%; Tensile modulus has improved 12.48%.
Embodiment 4
1. the NaOH alkali lye that is 10% by mass concentration is placed in tank.A branch of fiber that has been cut to 3cm is fixed on iron stand with fixture, and the alignment jig height, immerse below the tank liquid level 1/3 of fiber, and all the other 2/3 are exposed in the middle of air, process 30min; After by fiber reversing, 1/3 of the other end is placed in solution, processes the same time; Then be washed to neutrality, can make two ends through solution-treated, and middle undressed discontinuous preprocessing plant fibre;
By above-mentioned discontinuous preprocessing plant fibre and dried matrix resin poly(lactic acid) with the weight ratio of 10:5 join in mill, carry out mixing, discontinuous pretreated vegetable fibre accounts for 20% of dried matrix resin quality, 175 ℃ of melting temperatures, mixing time 10min, obtain matrix material;
3. matrix material above-mentioned steps made adds in mould, specifically adopts the rectangular slab timber die, mould length and width, thick being respectively: 20cm, and 10cm, 4mm, hot-forming on vulcanizing press.Mold temperature is 210 ℃, pressure 10Mpa, and clamp time is 15min.In hot pressing, venting is 20 times, and be 3s the interval time of at every turn exitting, and gas in mould is fully discharged, and obtains moulded products; After the taking-up moulded products, fin cutting, overlap, make the sheet composition goods.
Embodiment 5
1. the NaOH alkali lye that is 10% by mass concentration is placed in tank.A branch of fiber that has been cut to 3cm is fixed on iron stand with fixture, and the alignment jig height, immerse below the tank liquid level 1/3 of fiber, and all the other 2/3 are exposed in the middle of air, process 30min; After by fiber reversing, 1/3 of the other end is placed in solution, processes the same time; Then be washed to neutrality, can make two ends through solution-treated, and middle undressed discontinuous preprocessing plant fibre;
By above-mentioned discontinuous preprocessing plant fibre and dried matrix resin poly(lactic acid) with the weight ratio of 10:5 join in mill, carry out mixing, discontinuous pretreated vegetable fibre accounts for 30% of dried matrix resin quality, 185 ℃ of melting temperatures, mixing time 8min, obtain matrix material;
3. matrix material above-mentioned steps made adds in mould, specifically adopts the rectangular slab timber die, mould length and width, thick being respectively: 20cm, and 10cm, 4mm, hot-forming on vulcanizing press.Mold temperature is 200 ℃, pressure 9Mpa, and clamp time is 19min.In hot pressing, venting is 30 times, and be 3s the interval time of at every turn exitting, and gas in mould is fully discharged, and obtains moulded products; After the taking-up moulded products, fin cutting, overlap, make the sheet composition goods.
Embodiment 6
1. the NaOH alkali lye that is 10% by mass concentration is placed in tank.A branch of fiber that has been cut to 3cm is fixed on iron stand with fixture, and the alignment jig height, immerse below the tank liquid level 1/3 of fiber, and all the other 2/3 are exposed in the middle of air, process 30min; After by fiber reversing, 1/3 of the other end is placed in solution, processes the same time; Then be washed to neutrality, can make two ends through solution-treated, and middle undressed discontinuous preprocessing plant fibre;
By above-mentioned discontinuous preprocessing plant fibre and dried matrix resin poly(lactic acid) with the weight ratio of 10:5 join in mill, carry out mixing, discontinuous pretreated vegetable fibre accounts for 40% of dried matrix resin quality, 200 ℃ of melting temperatures, mixing time 5min, obtain matrix material;
3. matrix material above-mentioned steps made adds in mould, specifically adopts the rectangular slab timber die, mould length and width, thick being respectively: 20cm, and 10cm, 4mm, hot-forming on vulcanizing press.Mold temperature is 190 ℃, pressure 8Mpa, and clamp time is 22min.In hot pressing, venting is 40 times, and be 2s the interval time of at every turn exitting, and gas in mould is fully discharged, and obtains moulded products; After the taking-up moulded products, fin cutting, overlap, make the sheet composition goods.
After respectively embodiment 4 to embodiment 6 prepared composite products being made to batten (the batten size is identical with embodiment 1-embodiment 3), and respectively the sisal fibers in each embodiment is soaked to the serialization pre-treatment fully, as a control group, pretreating reagent and concentration thereof, the soak time all embodiment corresponding with each are identical, then carry out performance test.Tensile property, bending property, impact property is respectively according to GB/T1040-2006, and GB1449-2005 and GB/T1843-2008 are tested, and test result is as shown in table 2.
Table 2
As can be seen from the above table, every mechanical property that the sisal fibers that adopts the discontinuous processing of the middle untreated this chemistry of two ends processing to prepare strengthens lactic acid composite material generally improves.In the embodiment 4 that is 20% at the sisal fibers massfraction, the sisal fibers that the matrix material flexural strength that adopts pretreatment technology of the present invention to make is processed with respect to complete successive soaking strengthens poly-lactic acid material and has improved 4.01%; Shock strength has improved 20.22%; Tensile modulus has improved 7.69%.In the embodiment 5 that is 30% at the sisal fibers massfraction, the sisal fibers that the matrix material flexural strength that adopts pretreatment technology of the present invention to make is processed with respect to complete successive soaking strengthens poly-lactic acid material and has improved 28.21%; Shock strength has improved 79.35%; Tensile modulus has improved 21.01%.In the embodiment 3 that is 40% at the sisal fibers massfraction, the sisal fibers that the matrix material flexural strength that adopts pretreatment technology of the present invention to make is processed with respect to complete successive soaking strengthens poly-lactic acid material and has improved 6.62%; Shock strength has improved 59.38%; Tensile modulus has improved 17.59%.
Embodiment 7
1. the NaOH solution that is 5% by mass concentration is placed in tank.To after a branch of fiber doubling that has been cut to 3cm, with fixture, be fixed on iron stand, the alignment jig height, immerse below the tank liquid level 1/2 of fiber doubling part, and all the other 1/2 are exposed in the middle of air, process 120min; Then be washed to neutrality, process solution-treated in the middle of can making, and the undressed discontinuous preprocessing plant fibre in two ends.
By above-mentioned discontinuous preprocessing plant fibre and dried matrix resin poly(lactic acid) with the weight ratio of 10:3 join in mill, carry out mixing, discontinuous pretreated vegetable fibre accounts for 20% of dried matrix resin quality, 175 ℃ of melting temperatures, mixing time 10min, obtain matrix material;
3. matrix material above-mentioned steps made adds in mould, specifically adopts the rectangular slab timber die, mould length and width, thick being respectively: 20cm, and 10cm, 4mm, hot-forming on vulcanizing press.Mold temperature is 210 ℃, pressure 10Mpa, and clamp time is 15min.In hot pressing, venting is 20 times, and be 3s the interval time of at every turn exitting, and gas in mould is fully discharged, and obtains moulded products; After the taking-up moulded products, fin cutting, overlap, make the sheet composition goods.
Embodiment 8
1. the NaOH solution that is 5% by mass concentration is placed in tank.To after a branch of fiber doubling that has been cut to 3cm, with fixture, be fixed on iron stand, the alignment jig height, immerse below the tank liquid level 1/2 of fiber doubling part, and all the other 1/2 are exposed in the middle of air, process 120min; Then be washed to neutrality, process solution-treated in the middle of can making, and the undressed discontinuous preprocessing plant fibre in two ends;
By above-mentioned discontinuous preprocessing plant fibre and dried matrix resin poly(lactic acid) with the weight ratio of 10:3 join in mill, carry out mixing, discontinuous pretreated vegetable fibre accounts for 30% of dried matrix resin quality, 185 ℃ of melting temperatures, mixing time 8min, obtain matrix material;
3. matrix material above-mentioned steps made adds in mould, specifically adopts the rectangular slab timber die, mould length and width, thick being respectively: 20cm, and 10cm, 4mm, hot-forming on vulcanizing press.Mold temperature is 200 ℃, pressure 9Mpa, and clamp time is 19min.In hot pressing, venting is 30 times, and be 3s the interval time of at every turn exitting, and gas in mould is fully discharged, and obtains moulded products; After the taking-up moulded products, fin cutting, overlap, make the sheet composition goods.
Embodiment 9
1. the NaOH solution that is 5% by mass concentration is placed in tank.To after a branch of fiber doubling that has been cut to 3cm, with fixture, be fixed on iron stand, the alignment jig height, immerse below the tank liquid level 1/2 of fiber doubling part, and all the other 1/2 are exposed in the middle of air, process 120min; Then be washed to neutrality, process solution-treated in the middle of can making, and the undressed discontinuous preprocessing plant fibre in two ends;
By above-mentioned discontinuous preprocessing plant fibre and dried matrix resin poly(lactic acid) with the weight ratio of 10:3 join in mill, carry out mixing, discontinuous pretreated vegetable fibre accounts for 40% of dried matrix resin quality, 200 ℃ of melting temperatures, mixing time 5min, obtain matrix material;
3. matrix material above-mentioned steps made adds in mould, specifically adopts the rectangular slab timber die, mould length and width, thick being respectively: 20cm, and 10cm, 4mm, hot-forming on vulcanizing press.Mold temperature is 190 ℃, pressure 8Mpa, and clamp time is 22min.In hot pressing, venting is 40 times, and be 2s the interval time of at every turn exitting, and gas in mould is fully discharged, and obtains moulded products; After the taking-up moulded products, fin cutting, overlap, make the sheet composition goods.
After respectively embodiment 7 to embodiment 9 prepared composite products being made to batten (the batten size is identical with embodiment 1-embodiment 3), and respectively the sisal fibers in each embodiment is soaked to the serialization pre-treatment fully, as a control group, pretreating reagent and concentration thereof, the soak time all embodiment corresponding with each are identical, then carry out performance test.Tensile property, bending property, impact property is respectively according to GB/T1040-2006, and GB1449-2005 and GB/T1843-2008 are tested, and test result is as shown in table 3.
Table 3
As can be seen from the above table, every mechanical property that the sisal fibers that adopts the discontinuous processing of the interlude processing untreated this chemistry in two ends to prepare strengthens lactic acid composite material generally improves.In the embodiment 7 that is 20% at the sisal fibers massfraction, the sisal fibers that the matrix material flexural strength that adopts pretreatment technology of the present invention to make is processed with respect to complete successive soaking strengthens poly-lactic acid material and has improved 16.32%; Shock strength has improved 11.37%; Tensile modulus has improved 7.65%.In the embodiment 8 that is 30% at the sisal fibers massfraction, the sisal fibers that the matrix material flexural strength that adopts pretreatment technology of the present invention to make is processed with respect to complete successive soaking strengthens poly-lactic acid material and has improved 31.86%; Shock strength has improved 28.59%; Tensile modulus has improved 9.86%.In the embodiment 9 that is 40% at the sisal fibers massfraction, the sisal fibers that the matrix material flexural strength that adopts pretreatment technology of the present invention to make is processed with respect to complete successive soaking strengthens poly-lactic acid material and has improved 15.82%; Shock strength has improved 33.29%; Tensile modulus has improved 8.40%.
From table 1,2,3, every mechanical property that the sisal fibers that adopts chemical discontinuous processing to prepare strengthens poly(lactic acid)/cellulose acetate matrix material generally improves.Due to the comprehensive mechanical property of matrix material both with fortifying fibre, body material between interfacial combined function relevant, relevant with the fortifying fibre self performance again.As can be seen here, the present invention is by the method for chemical discontinuous processing, removing impurity, increase surface-area that vegetable fibre contacts with body material, improve its surfaceness with when strengthening the two interface performance, the mechanical property that can retain to greatest extent original fiber, make stretching, bending, the impact property of matrix material that raising by a relatively large margin be arranged.Simultaneously due to matrix material when receiving external impacts, energy partly is passed to the not refinement part of fiber along the refinement of fiber, when causing that not refinement that intensity is higher is partly torn, energy is by a large amount of absorptions, so the shock strength increase rate is the most remarkable.
To those skilled in the art; according in aforementioned specification and embodiment, elaboration of the present invention being carried out to chemical discontinuous processing to vegetable fibre; with processability, some improvement of good vegetable fibre enhancing polymer-based composite are apparent; in the situation that do not deviate from the improvement that of the present invention purport definite by claim and scope are carried out the present invention, all should be within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the method for preparing polymer composite material from plant fiber by chemical non-continuous pretreatment is characterized in that step is as follows:
(1) length has been reduced to the vegetable fibre of 2cm～3cm and fixed with fixture, the alignment jig height infiltrates in Chemical Pretreatment reagent 1/5～4/5 of plant fiber length, infiltrating time is 10min～120min, then, till vegetable fibre to the scrub raffinate after the washing infiltration is neutrality, obtain discontinuous pretreated vegetable fibre;
(2) above-mentioned discontinuous pretreated vegetable fibre and dried matrix resin are added in mixing facilities mixing, obtain matrix material; Discontinuous pretreated vegetable fibre accounts for 10%～50% of dried matrix resin quality;
(3), by above-mentioned composite material hot-pressed formation, obtain goods after moulding, then, through burr removal, overlap, make composite product;
Described Chemical Pretreatment reagent is alkali lye, grafting reagent or coupling reagent; The NaOH solution that described alkali lye is mass concentration 5%～20% or KOH solution; Described grafting reagent is alkylating reagent, acetylation reagent, benzoylation reagent or cyanoethylation reagent; The silane coupling agent that described coupling reagent is mass concentration 0.5%～2%, titanate coupling agent, organic chromium complex compound coupling agent or aluminic acid class coupling agent;
The phloem fiber that described vegetable fibre is more than one fibers in flax, hemp, jute, ramie, mestha and sisal hemp, or the cloth of above-mentioned phloem fiber.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that described mixing melting temperature is 175 ℃～210 ℃, and mixing time is 5min～10min.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that described hot-forming temperature is 190 ℃～210 ℃, pressure 8MPa～12MPa, and clamp time is 15 min～22min; In hot pressing, venting is 20 times～40 times, and be 2 s～3s the interval time of at every turn exitting.
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