CN102391527A - Preparation method of uniform-dimension polymer nano microspheres - Google Patents
Preparation method of uniform-dimension polymer nano microspheres Download PDFInfo
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- CN102391527A CN102391527A CN201110192571.6A CN201110192571A CN102391527A CN 102391527 A CN102391527 A CN 102391527A CN 201110192571 A CN201110192571 A CN 201110192571A CN 102391527 A CN102391527 A CN 102391527A
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- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical group CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002102 polyvinyl toluene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- KGIGUEBEKRSTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-vinylpyridine Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=N1 KGIGUEBEKRSTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- -1 poly(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 abstract 7
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000006222 dimethylaminomethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])N(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920000885 poly(2-vinylpyridine) Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920000075 poly(4-vinylpyridine) Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003937 drug carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007385 chemical modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009514 concussion Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007306 functionalization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005374 membrane filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012925 reference material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of uniform-dimension polymer nano microspheres, which comprises the following steps: mixing copolymer and solvent in a certain proportion, and putting the mixture in a container; and heating the container containing the polymer and solvent to a certain temperature, and keeping for some time, thereby obtaining the polymer microspheres dispersed in solvent, wherein the copolymer is composed of a chain segment A and a chain segment B; the chain segment A is polystyrene, polymethylstyrene or polyacrylonitrile; and the chain segment B is polymethyl methacrylate, poly(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate), dimethylamino methyl polymethacrylate, poly(2-vinyl pyridine), poly(4-vinyl pyridine) or polyoxyethylene. The polymer microspheres obtained by the method provided by the invention have highly uniform dimension, and the particle size can be regulated within the range of 20-200nm. The method provided by the invention is simple, is not related to chemical reaction, has the advantages of short technical process, low cost and high yield, and is especially applicable to large-scale production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of size homogeneous polymer nano-microspheres; Prepared polymer nano-microspheres can be used as standard metering material, pharmaceutical carrier, support of the catalyst, filler, coating, pigment, sorbent material etc., is widely used in fields such as precision instrument, precision sizing, clinical detection, chemical separating, inspection and quarantine, environment measuring, material be synthetic.
Background technology
Polymer microballoon is widely used in fields such as chemistry, chemical industry, material, biomedical engineering such as dimension standard material, pharmaceutical carrier, support of the catalyst, filler, coating, pigment, sorbent material.The size of polymer microballoon and distribution, surface properties directly determine performance and the result of use in application process.Especially in high precision such as photovaltaic material and reference material, value added applications occasion, the control of the particle diameter of polymer microballoon is more crucial.
Existing preparation has the method for polymer microballoon, mainly can be divided into two big types.The one, being set out by monomer obtains the chemical process of microballoon through polyreaction, like letex polymerization, precipitation polymerization etc.; The 2nd, being set out by polymkeric substance obtains the physical method of microballoon through processes such as volatilization, depositions, like film emulsification, micro-fluidic etc.But existing method all will be used plurality of raw materials or specific installation, and operation is many, and is restive, complex operation, and productive rate is low; And be difficult to prepare the microballoon of particle diameter below 100 nanometers.As disclosing a kind of method for preparing polymer microballoon through precipitation polymerization in the patent 200410072867.4.In the method; Need to use multiple organic reagents such as monomer, linking agent, initiator, washing composition; Relate to that reagent is refining, heated and stirred, solvent steam remove, a plurality of steps such as filtration under diminished pressure, washing; The microballoon size that obtains is not suitable for dimensional requirement smaller applications field more than 1 micron.Patent 200710064716.8 discloses a kind of method of utilizing film emulsification to prepare polymer microballoon.In the method; Need to use special-purpose film emulsifier unit and expensive SPG film; And use reagent and starting material such as polymkeric substance, organic solvent, water, emulsifying agent; Preparation process comprises a plurality of steps such as the solution preparation, ultrasonic emulsification, membrane filtration, solvent removal of pre-treatment, oil phase and the water of SPG film, and the microballoon size that obtains is also at micron order.Therefore, press for the method that the development advantages of simplicity and high efficiency prepares the nano grade polymer microballoon.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of size homogeneous polymer nano-microspheres for the deficiency of improving prior art.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of preparation method of size homogeneous polymer nano-microspheres, it is characterized in that with the multipolymer that is made up of segments A and segment B be starting material, and heating is dissolved multipolymer in solvent, obtain polymer microballoon; Its concrete steps are following:
The multipolymer and the solvent that 1) will constitute by segments A and segment B;
2) with the mixture heating up and the insulation of multipolymer and solvent, promptly obtain being scattered in the polymer microballoon in the solvent.
Preferred above-mentioned multipolymer is made up of segments A and segment B; Segments A is PS, polyvinyltoluene or polyacrylonitrile, and segment B is polymethylmethacrylate, polymethyl acrylic acid dimethylaminoethyl, polymethyl acrylic acid dimethylamino methyl esters, gathers (2-vinyl pyridine), gathers (4-vinylpridine) or T 46155.The weight ratio of preferred segments A and segment B is 1: 0.2-1: 1.The total molecular weight of preferred copolymer is 10,000-300,000 dalton.
Preferred above-mentioned solvent is ethanol, Virahol, terepthaloyl moietie, formic acid, acetate or propionic acid.The weight ratio of preferred copolymer and solvent is 1: 4-1: 10000.
As improvement of the present invention, above-mentioned steps 1) can use heat resistant plastice container or heavy wall Glass Containers or stainless steel autoclave in.As further improvement of the present invention, above-mentioned steps 2) in heating and insulation time, can use stir or concussion to accelerate the formation of polymer microballoon.
The temperature of the heating described in the preferred above-mentioned steps 2 is controlled at 30 ℃-200 ℃; The time of insulation was controlled at 0.1-100 hour.
Beneficial effect:
The present invention is based on the technology of solvent to a certain segmental selectivity swelling system monodisperse polymer Nano microsphere in the multipolymer.When multipolymer and selective solvent mixing and heating; Solvophilic segment in the multipolymer is because intensive solvation and swelling, and another kind of repeating unit is because temperature raises, and the segmental mobility is reinforced; Two segments are because incompatible on the thermodynamics; Be separated, forming with solvophilic segment is shell, and solvophobic segment is the spherical nanostructure of nuclear.The particle diameter of microballoon can be regulated through the conditions such as chemical constitution, solvent types and treatment temp that change employed multipolymer within the specific limits.The polyalcohol microspherulite diameter homogeneous that this method obtains, big I is regulated in the scope of 20-200 nanometer.If what use is polar solvent, the polarity segment in the multipolymer can form the shell of microballoon, is beneficial to the dispersion of microballoon in water medium and uses and follow-up chemical modification functionalization.The inventive method does not relate to chemical reaction, need not to use the special preparation device, only uses polymkeric substance and solvent; Only comprise mixing, two simple steps of heating for dissolving, preparation process height is controlled, with low cost; Productive rate is high, has good scale operation prospect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is sem (SEM) figure of the prepared polymer microballoon of embodiment 1;
Fig. 2 is sem (SEM) figure of the prepared polymer microballoon of embodiment 3.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
1) is that 1: 0.3 PS and the multipolymer of polymethylmethacrylate (molecular weight is 70,000) place 50 milliliters the glass flask of being furnished with reflux with 1 gram weight ratio, in flask, adds 30 gram propionic acid again;
2) with oil bath with liquid heat to 110 in the flask ℃, and kept 10 hours;
3) stop heating, cool to room temperature promptly obtains being scattered in the polymer microballoon in the propionic acid.
Figure is as shown in Figure 1 for the sem of the polymer microballoon of gained (SEM); The microsphere diameter that records from SEM figure is 55 nanometers; And size homogeneous.
Embodiment 2
Embodiment 2 has increased polymer loading with the raising productive rate with respect to embodiment 1 step 1), and has improved solvent temperature to reduce the dissolving required time.
1) be that 1: 0.3 the PS and the molecular weight of copolymer of polymethylmethacrylate are 70,000 dalton with 5 gram weight ratio) place 50 milliliters the glass flask of being furnished with reflux, in flask, add 30 gram propionic acid again;
2) with oil bath with liquid heat to 150 in the flask ℃, and kept 2 hours;
3) stop heating, cool to room temperature promptly obtains being scattered in the polymer microballoon in the propionic acid.
With the polymer microballoon of sem observation gained, the microsphere diameter that records from SEM figure also is 55 nanometers, and the size homogeneous.
Embodiment 3
Embodiment 2 has changed kind, molecular weight, the segmental weight ratio of the multipolymer that uses with respect to embodiment 1, and the weight ratio of multipolymer and solvent is to obtain the polymer microballoon of different chemical composition and size.
1) is that 1: 0.2 PS and the multipolymer that gathers (4-vinylpridine) (molecular weight 20,000 dalton) place 25 milliliters the glass flask of being furnished with reflux with 2 gram weight ratio, in flask, adds 10 gram propionic acid again;
2) with oil bath liquid agitation in the flask is heated to 30 ℃, and kept 10 minutes;
3) stop heating, cool to room temperature promptly obtains being scattered in the polymer microballoon in the propionic acid.
The scanning electron microscope image of the polymer microballoon of gained is as shown in Figure 2; The microsphere diameter that records from SEM figure is 30 nanometers; And size homogeneous.
Embodiment 4
Embodiment 4 has changed employed multipolymer and solvent types with respect to embodiment 1 step 1).
1) is that 1: 1 the polyvinyltoluene and the multipolymer of polymethyl acrylic acid dimethylaminoethyl (total molecular weight 300,000) place 250 milliliters the glass flask of being furnished with reflux with 0.01 gram weight ratio, in flask, adds 100 gram acetate again;
2) with oil bath with liquid heat to 110 in the flask ℃, and kept 1 hour;
3) stop heating, cool to room temperature promptly obtains being scattered in the polymer microballoon in the acetate.
The microsphere diameter that records from SEM figure is 200 nanometers, and the size homogeneous.
Embodiment 5
Embodiment 5 has changed the kind and the solvent of employed multipolymer with respect to embodiment 1 step 1).
1) is that 1: 0.5 the polyacrylonitrile and the multipolymer of T 46155 (total molecular weight 1.5 ten thousand dalton) place 50 milliliters stainless steel hydrothermal reaction kettle with 0.1 gram weight ratio, in reaction kettle, adds 10 gram Virahols again;
2) reaction kettle is placed 180 ℃ baking oven, and kept 100 hours;
3) stop heating, cool to room temperature promptly obtains being scattered in the polymer microballoon in the water.
The microsphere diameter that records from SEM figure is 60 nanometers, and the size homogeneous.
Claims (7)
1. the preparation method of a size homogeneous polymer nano-microspheres, its concrete steps are following:
The multipolymer and the solvent that 1) will constitute by segments A and segment B;
2) with the mixture heating up and the insulation of multipolymer and solvent, promptly obtain being scattered in the polymer microballoon in the solvent.
2. according to right 1 described method; The segments A that it is characterized in that described multipolymer is PS, polyvinyltoluene or polyacrylonitrile, and segment B is polymethylmethacrylate, polymethyl acrylic acid dimethylaminoethyl, polymethyl acrylic acid dimethylamino methyl esters, gathers (2-vinyl pyridine), gathers (4-vinylpridine) or T 46155.
3. according to right 1 described method, the total molecular weight that it is characterized in that multipolymer is 10,000-300,000 dalton.
4. according to right 1 described method, the weight ratio that it is characterized in that segments A and segment B is 1: 0.2-1: 1.
5. according to right 1 described method, it is characterized in that the weight ratio of multipolymer and solvent is 1 in the step 1): 4-1: 10000.
6. according to right 1 described method, it is characterized in that described solvent is ethanol, Virahol, terepthaloyl moietie, formic acid, acetate or propionic acid.
7. according to right 1 described method, it is characterized in that step 2) in the heating temperature be 30 ℃-200 ℃; The time of insulation is 0.1-100 hour.
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102643442A (en) * | 2012-04-13 | 2012-08-22 | 南京工业大学 | Method for preparing polymeric micron/nanometer spherical particle |
CN102675568A (en) * | 2012-06-01 | 2012-09-19 | 同济大学 | Preparation method for organic-inorganic hybrid skin-friendly efficient sunscreen product |
CN103147147A (en) * | 2013-03-04 | 2013-06-12 | 南京工业大学 | Preparation method of polymer nano-fiber with uniform diameter |
CN110964157A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2020-04-07 | 天津大学 | Block copolymer brush polymer based on polystyrene-poly (dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) and preparation method thereof |
Citations (1)
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CN101559344A (en) * | 2009-05-12 | 2009-10-21 | 福州大学 | Method for preparing styrene-butyl acrylate copolymicrosphere by dispersion polymerization |
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CN101559344A (en) * | 2009-05-12 | 2009-10-21 | 福州大学 | Method for preparing styrene-butyl acrylate copolymicrosphere by dispersion polymerization |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
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《功能高分子学报》 20050630 陆馨等 "分散聚合法制备甲基丙烯酸甲酯-苯乙烯共聚物微球" 第18卷, 第2期 * |
《高分子学报》 20020520 张凯等 "微米级单分散共聚物微球的制备" , 第3期 * |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102643442A (en) * | 2012-04-13 | 2012-08-22 | 南京工业大学 | Method for preparing polymeric micron/nanometer spherical particle |
CN102643442B (en) * | 2012-04-13 | 2013-09-11 | 南京工业大学 | Method for preparing polymeric micron/nanometer spherical particle |
CN102675568A (en) * | 2012-06-01 | 2012-09-19 | 同济大学 | Preparation method for organic-inorganic hybrid skin-friendly efficient sunscreen product |
CN102675568B (en) * | 2012-06-01 | 2013-08-14 | 同济大学 | Preparation method for organic-inorganic hybrid skin-friendly efficient sunscreen product |
CN103147147A (en) * | 2013-03-04 | 2013-06-12 | 南京工业大学 | Preparation method of polymer nano-fiber with uniform diameter |
CN110964157A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2020-04-07 | 天津大学 | Block copolymer brush polymer based on polystyrene-poly (dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) and preparation method thereof |
CN110964157B (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2022-03-01 | 天津大学 | Block copolymer brush polymer based on polystyrene-poly (dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) and preparation method thereof |
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