Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to: the preparation method that a kind of monomer cast nylon/attapulgite clay matrix material is provided; The matrix material that obtains through this preparation method kept common monomer cast nylon than high tensile; Simultaneously efficient hardening toughness and shock resistance, can satisfy the request for utilization that replaces non-ferrous metals and steel alloy manufacturing machine parts at numerous industrial circles better.
Technical solution of the present invention is: at first; Prepare a kind of dispersion suspensoids; This disperses the functional modifier of suspensoids as monomer cast nylon, by HMPA, calcine exsiccant attapulgite clay and tolylene diisocyanate and process in proportion, wherein; HMPA is the dispersion medium of suspensoids; Simultaneously with the good miscible character of caprolactam monomer and nylon polymerization body, attapulgite clay is as the suspensoids dispersoid, the NCO of its surface silanol group and the tolylene diisocyanate generation chemically bonded that reacts; Disperseing suspensoids to prepare the modification that organises of accomplishing attapulgite clay in the process, this dispersion suspensoids does not contain the moisture that follow-up monomer cast nylon/attapulgite clay Composite Preparation is produced inhibition; Then; In removing the hexanolactam melt of moisture, add a certain proportion of this dispersion suspensoids; Cause the reaction of caprolactam anionic ring-opening polymerization through sodium hydroxide-tolylene diisocyanate catalytic activation system; Under normal pressure, reaction mass is cast into and accomplishes polymerization and moulding simultaneously in the preheating insulation mould, obtain monomer cast nylon/attapulgite clay matrix material.
Wherein, the monomer hexanolactam is the polymerization-grade industrial goods; Attapulgite clay is Jiangsu nine river clay development in science and technology ltd classification purification commodity, and model JC-J503, purity>=99.9%, fineness of dispersion (<6.5 μ m)>=98, molecular formula are Mg
5Si
8O
20(OH)
2(OH
2)
44H
2O through thermal treatment, calcines the 2hr postcooling to normal temperature in 500 ℃ before preparation disperses suspensoids; HMPA is industrial goods, and purity>=99.0%, specific density 1.024 (25 ℃), molecular formula are C
6H
18N
3OP through the underpressure distillation purification process, collects 105~107 ℃ of cuts when 1.47kPa pressure before preparation disperses suspensoids; Sodium hydroxide and tolylene diisocyanate are the SILVER REAGENT chemical; Preparation disperses the raw material mass mixture ratio of suspensoids to be: hexamethyl phosphorus acyl San An ︰ attapulgite Nian Tu ︰ tolylene diisocyanate=16 ︰, 1 ︰ 1; The raw material mass mixture ratio of preparation monomer cast nylon/attapulgite clay matrix material is: (monomer) ︰ disperses suspensoids (functional modifier) ︰ sodium hydroxide (polymerizing catalyst) ︰ tolylene diisocyanate (polymerization activator)=100 ︰ 2.25~9 ︰ 0.1~0.2 ︰ 0.15~0.35 to hexanolactam; Wherein, the preferred mass proportioning is: 100 ︰, 4.5~6.5 ︰, 0.14~0.16 ︰ 0.25~0.3; The polymerization mould is stainless steel or ordinary steel material.
The preparation method of monomer cast nylon of the present invention/attapulgite clay matrix material comprises following concrete steps:
(1) disperses the suspensoids preparation: with HMPA, heat-treatment attapulgite clay and the tolylene diisocyanate accurately metering respectively of the purification process of above-mentioned quality proportioning; Place stirred reactor, feed the drying nitrogen protection, fully stir; React 4hr down in 80 ℃ of temperature, normal pressure; Make and disperse the suspensoids slurry, cooling should disperse suspensoids to normal temperature, was stored in the moisture eliminator that fills Calcium Chloride Powder Anhydrous subsequent use;
(2) concentration response active material preparation: the hexanolactam and the sodium hydroxide of above-mentioned 1/3 quality are dropped in the stainless steel active material still simultaneously, be decompressed to 1.33kPa, under 120~135 ℃ of temperature, react with overdraft; Distillation removes moisture; Keep decompression state 30min, obtain containing the concentration response active material of hexanolactam sodium salt, remove vacuum; Feed drying nitrogen to normal pressure, keeping concentration response active material temperature is 160~170 ℃;
(3) the compound material preparation of function: the hexanolactam of above-mentioned residue 2/3 quality is dropped in the stainless steel batching still, be decompressed to 1.33kPa with overdraft, distillation removes moisture under 120~135 ℃ of temperature; Keep decompression state 20min; Remove vacuum, feed drying nitrogen, add the accurately dispersion suspensoids slurry of metering to normal pressure; Mixing becomes the compound material of function, and keeping the compound material temperature of this function is 160~170 ℃;
(4) reaction solution cast poymerization: the concentration response active material of step 2, the compound material of function and the above-mentioned polymerization activator tolylene diisocyanate of step 3 are mixed into reaction solution rapidly; Be molded into temperature and be in 170~190 ℃ the mould; 160~170 ℃ of reaction casting liquid temps; Be incubated 30min behind reaction casting liquid polymerization and the coagulation forming, progressively cooling and demolding obtains monomer cast nylon/attapulgite clay matrix material.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, the monomer cast nylon that is obtained by preparation method of the present invention/attapulgite clay matrix material is keeping on the basis than high tensile that common monomer cast nylon possessed; Efficient hardening toughness and shock resistance, can satisfy the request for utilization that replaces non-ferrous metals and steel alloy manufacturing machine parts at numerous industrial circles better.
2, it is simple to disperse suspensoids to prepare process, and being stored in the moisture eliminator functional modifier as monomer cast nylon can repeatedly take, and measures and adds easy to operate;
3, when preparation monomer cast nylon/attapulgite clay matrix material, adopted conventional monomer cast nylon ME, simple efficient, have industrial utility value.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment technical solution of the present invention is described further, these embodiment can not be interpreted as it is the restriction to technical solution.
Embodiment 1: prepare matrix material according to following concrete steps
(1) disperses the suspensoids preparation: with HMPA, 50g heat-treatment attapulgite clay and the 50g tolylene diisocyanate accurately metering respectively of 800g purification process; Place stirred reactor, feed the drying nitrogen protection, fully stir; React 4hr down in 80 ℃ of temperature, normal pressure; Make and disperse the suspensoids slurry, cooling should disperse the suspensoids slurry to normal temperature, was stored in the moisture eliminator that fills Calcium Chloride Powder Anhydrous subsequent use;
(2) concentration response active material preparation: 1000g hexanolactam and 3.0g sodium hydroxide are dropped in the stainless steel active material still simultaneously, be decompressed to 1.33kPa, under 120 ℃ of temperature, react with overdraft; Distillation removes moisture; Keep decompression state 30min, obtain containing the concentration response active material of hexanolactam sodium salt, remove vacuum; Feed drying nitrogen to normal pressure, keeping concentration response active material temperature is 160 ℃;
(3) the compound material preparation of function: the 2000g hexanolactam is dropped in the stainless steel batching still, be decompressed to 1.33kPa with overdraft, distillation removes moisture under 120 ℃ of temperature; Keep decompression state 20min; Remove vacuum, feed drying nitrogen, add the dispersion suspensoids slurry of 67.5g step 1 to normal pressure; Mixing becomes the compound material of function, and keeping the compound material temperature of this function is 160 ℃;
(4) reaction solution cast poymerization: the concentration response active material of step 2, the compound material of function and the 10.5g polymerization activator tolylene diisocyanate of step 3 are mixed into reaction solution rapidly; Be molded into temperature and be in 170 ℃ the mould; 160 ℃ of reaction casting liquid temps; Be incubated 30min behind reaction casting liquid polymerization and the coagulation forming, progressively cooling and demolding obtains monomer cast nylon/attapulgite clay matrix material.
Embodiment 2: prepare matrix material according to following concrete steps
(1) disperses the suspensoids preparation: i.e. embodiment 1 step 1;
(2) concentration response active material preparation: 1000g hexanolactam and 4.5g sodium hydroxide are dropped in the stainless steel active material still simultaneously, be decompressed to 1.33kPa, under 128 ℃ of temperature, react with overdraft; Distillation removes moisture; Keep decompression state 30min, obtain containing the concentration response active material of hexanolactam sodium salt, remove vacuum; Feed drying nitrogen to normal pressure, keeping concentration response active material temperature is 165 ℃;
(3) the compound material preparation of function: the 2000g hexanolactam is dropped in the stainless steel batching still, be decompressed to 1.33kPa with overdraft, distillation removes moisture under 128 ℃ of temperature; Keep decompression state 20min; Remove vacuum, feed drying nitrogen, add the dispersion suspensoids slurry of 170g step 1 to normal pressure; Mixing becomes the compound material of function, and keeping the compound material temperature of this function is 165 ℃;
(4) reaction solution cast poymerization: the concentration response active material of step 2, the compound material of function and the 7.5g polymerization activator tolylene diisocyanate of step 3 are mixed into reaction solution rapidly; Be molded into temperature and be in 180 ℃ the mould; 165 ℃ of reaction casting liquid temps; Be incubated 30min behind reaction casting liquid polymerization and the coagulation forming, progressively cooling and demolding obtains monomer cast nylon/attapulgite clay matrix material.
Embodiment 3: prepare matrix material according to following concrete steps
(1) disperses the suspensoids preparation: i.e. embodiment 1 step 1;
(2) concentration response active material preparation: 1000g hexanolactam and 6.0g sodium hydroxide are dropped in the stainless steel active material still simultaneously, be decompressed to 1.33kPa, under 135 ℃ of temperature, react with overdraft; Distillation removes moisture; Keep decompression state 30min, obtain containing the concentration response active material of hexanolactam sodium salt, remove vacuum; Feed drying nitrogen to normal pressure, keeping concentration response active material temperature is 170 ℃;
(3) the compound material preparation of function: the 2000g hexanolactam is dropped in the stainless steel batching still, be decompressed to 1.33kPa with overdraft, distillation removes moisture under 135 ℃ of temperature; Keep decompression state 20min; Remove vacuum, feed drying nitrogen, add the dispersion suspensoids slurry of 270g step 1 to normal pressure; Mixing becomes the compound material of function, and keeping the compound material temperature of this function is 170 ℃;
(4) reaction solution cast poymerization: the concentration response active material of step 2, the compound material of function and the 4.5g polymerization activator tolylene diisocyanate of step 3 are mixed into reaction solution rapidly; Be molded into temperature and be in 190 ℃ the mould; 170 ℃ of reaction casting liquid temps; Be incubated 30min behind reaction casting liquid polymerization and the coagulation forming, progressively cooling and demolding obtains monomer cast nylon/attapulgite clay matrix material.
Embodiment 4: prepare matrix material according to following concrete steps
(1) disperses the suspensoids preparation: i.e. embodiment 1 step 1;
(2) concentration response active material preparation: 1000g hexanolactam and 4.8g sodium hydroxide are dropped in the stainless steel active material still simultaneously, be decompressed to 1.33kPa, under 130 ℃ of temperature, react with overdraft; Distillation removes moisture; Keep decompression state 30min, obtain containing the concentration response active material of hexanolactam sodium salt, remove vacuum; Feed drying nitrogen to normal pressure, keeping concentration response active material temperature is 170 ℃;
(3) the compound material preparation of function: the 2000g hexanolactam is dropped in the stainless steel batching still, be decompressed to 1.33kPa with overdraft, distillation removes moisture under 130 ℃ of temperature; Keep decompression state 20min; Remove vacuum, feed drying nitrogen, add the dispersion suspensoids slurry of 135g step 1 to normal pressure; Mixing becomes the compound material of function, and keeping the compound material temperature of this function is 170 ℃;
(4) reaction solution cast poymerization: the concentration response active material of step 2, the compound material of function and the 9.0g polymerization activator tolylene diisocyanate of step 3 are mixed into reaction solution rapidly; Be molded into temperature and be in 180 ℃ the mould; 170 ℃ of reaction casting liquid temps; Be incubated 30min behind reaction casting liquid polymerization and the coagulation forming, progressively cooling and demolding obtains monomer cast nylon/attapulgite clay matrix material.
Embodiment 5: prepare matrix material according to following concrete steps
(1) disperses the suspensoids preparation: i.e. embodiment 1 step 1;
(2) concentration response active material preparation: 1000g hexanolactam and 4.5g sodium hydroxide are dropped in the stainless steel active material still simultaneously, be decompressed to 1.33kPa, under 120 ℃ of temperature, react with overdraft; Distillation removes moisture; Keep decompression state 30min, obtain containing the concentration response active material of hexanolactam sodium salt, remove vacuum; Feed drying nitrogen to normal pressure, keeping concentration response active material temperature is 160 ℃;
(3) the compound material preparation of function: the 2000g hexanolactam is dropped in the stainless steel batching still, be decompressed to 1.33kPa with overdraft, distillation removes moisture under 120 ℃ of temperature; Keep decompression state 20min; Remove vacuum, feed drying nitrogen, add the dispersion suspensoids slurry of 165g step 1 to normal pressure; Mixing becomes the compound material of function, and keeping the compound material temperature of this function is 160 ℃;
(4) reaction solution cast poymerization: the concentration response active material of step 2, the compound material of function and the 8.25g polymerization activator tolylene diisocyanate of step 3 are mixed into reaction solution rapidly; Be molded into temperature and be in 185 ℃ the mould; 160 ℃ of reaction casting liquid temps; Be incubated 30min behind reaction casting liquid polymerization and the coagulation forming, progressively cooling and demolding obtains monomer cast nylon/attapulgite clay matrix material.
Embodiment 6: prepare matrix material according to following concrete steps
(1) disperses the suspensoids preparation: i.e. embodiment 1 step 1;
(2) concentration response active material preparation: 1000g hexanolactam and 4.2g sodium hydroxide are dropped in the stainless steel active material still simultaneously, be decompressed to 1.33kPa, under 135 ℃ of temperature, react with overdraft; Distillation removes moisture; Keep decompression state 30min, obtain containing the concentration response active material of hexanolactam sodium salt, remove vacuum; Feed drying nitrogen to normal pressure, keeping concentration response active material temperature is 165 ℃;
(3) the compound material preparation of function: the 2000g hexanolactam is dropped in the stainless steel batching still, be decompressed to 1.33kPa with overdraft, distillation removes moisture under 135 ℃ of temperature; Keep decompression state 20min; Remove vacuum, feed drying nitrogen, add the dispersion suspensoids slurry of 195g step 1 to normal pressure; Mixing becomes the compound material of function, and keeping the compound material temperature of this function is 165 ℃;
(4) reaction solution cast poymerization: the concentration response active material of step 2, the compound material of function and the 7.5g polymerization activator tolylene diisocyanate of step 3 are mixed into reaction solution rapidly; Be molded into temperature and be in 190 ℃ the mould; 165 ℃ of reaction casting liquid temps; Be incubated 30min behind reaction casting liquid polymerization and the coagulation forming, progressively cooling and demolding obtains monomer cast nylon/attapulgite clay matrix material.
Comparative Examples: with the 1000g caprolactam monomer is the example polymerization, and the catalyzer addition amount of sodium hydroxide is 0.14% of a caprolactam monomer quality, and acvator tolylene diisocyanate add-on is 0.30% of a caprolactam monomer quality; 1000g hexanolactam and 1.4g sodium hydroxide are dropped in the active material still simultaneously, be decompressed to 1.33kPa, under 125 ℃ of temperature, react with overdraft; Distillation removes moisture; Keep decompression state 30min, obtain containing the reactive behavior material of hexanolactam sodium salt, remove vacuum; Feed drying nitrogen to normal pressure, keeping reactive behavior material temperature is 160 ℃; The 3g tolylene diisocyanate is mixed with the reactive behavior material rapidly, be molded into temperature and be in 180 ℃ the mould, 160 ℃ of casting liquid temps are incubated 30min behind casting liquid polymerization and the coagulation forming, and progressively cooling and demolding obtains common monomer cast nylon material.
Comparative Examples adopts common processes to produce common monomer cast nylon, tests its main mechanical property, compares with embodiment.The main mechanical property of Comparative Examples and embodiment is shown in subordinate list.
Subordinate list: the main mechanical property of Comparative Examples and embodiment
The invention is not restricted to these disclosed embodiment; The present invention is with the described scope of soverlay technique scheme; And the various modification of claim scope change with equivalence; Under the prerequisite that does not depart from technical solution of the present invention, any modification or improvement that those skilled in the art that the present invention did are realized easily all belong to the present invention's scope required for protection.