CN102389969A - Powder metallurgical material for cold stamping mold and mold forming method using same - Google Patents
Powder metallurgical material for cold stamping mold and mold forming method using same Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a powder metallurgical material for a cold stamping mold and a mold forming method using the same, belonging to the field of cold stamping. The powder metallurgical material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 3-8% of tungsten carbide, 70-85% of iron, 3-7% of chromium, 1-5% of tantalum carbide, 2-6% of molybdenum, 0.8-2% of graphite, 0.1-0.4% of silicon, 0.3-0.5% of manganese and 0.05-0.2% of yttrium oxide. The method for preparing a mold from the material comprises the following steps: preparing the raw materials according to the above ratio; and sequentially carrying out ball milling, powder mixing, drying, press forming, sintering, quenching and tempering to obtain the target product. The invention can be widely used for various cold stamping molds for high-precision, heavy-load and long-time continuous work.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of powdered metallurgical material and die forming method thereof that is used for cold punching die, belong to the cold stamping field.
Background technology
At present; Domestic big and medium-sized cities skyscraper and various monolithic reinforced concrete structure engineering are more and more many, the requirement of construction quality is improved constantly, so the use of building iron template are more and more extensive; Form work engineering account for the armored concrete total cost 25%, the amount of labour 35%, the duration 50%～60%; The quality of template quality, the convenience of construction for accelerating construction progress, assurance construction quality and reduction engineering cost, have played key effect.
Building template is of a great variety both at home and abroad; Mainly contain no frame plywood form and two big types of border steel templates are arranged; Wherein there is the border steel template applications the most extensive; Account for more than 75% of template total amount, the steel template structure pattern does not have unified standard, its design and to make the main problem of considering be to satisfy the user in use to the needs of strength and stiffness.Consider production, transportation and the operating position of template; No matter it is any kind, all is made up of the cell board of certain size specification, in use makes up through nipper and connecting bolt; So the steel form frame of all structural shapes all has anchor clamps or bolt connecting hole.
Steel form the most commonly used has combined steel formwork and 86 serial large steel moulding plates; Combined steel formwork frame pitch of holes 150mm; The combined steel formwork frame of one block length 1500mm, width 300mm (being model P3015) always has the slotted hole of 24 diameter 13.8mm, and the area of P3015 steel form is 0.45m only
2, in general, a high-rise needs 3000～10000m from basement to topping out altogether
2The combined steel formwork of all size size, having 72000～240000 frame holes needs punching press to come out, if add the hole on cope match-plate pattern cross rib, perpendicular rib and the template accessory, this quantity is just bigger; For 86 serial large steel moulding plates, frame pitch of holes 300mm, large steel moulding plate (the area 8.1m of a block length 3000mm, width 2700mm
2), frame always has the slotted hole of 40 diameter 17mm, and in general, a high-rise needs 1200～2000m from basement to topping out altogether
2The large steel moulding plate of all size size, having 6000～15000 frame holes needs punching press to come out, if add the hole on cope match-plate pattern cross rib, perpendicular rib and the template accessory, this quantity is also very big.
It is the Q235 steel plate making of 2.75mm that the frame of combined steel formwork generally adopts actual (real) thickness; The frame of large steel moulding plate generally adopts Q235 steel plate or the length of side 80mm of thickness 10mm, the equal leg angle of thickness 8mm to make; In punch process; The impulsive force that mould bore very causes that because of punching press causes the flow harden of steel the fretting wear of mould is also very violent, so; The diel of Form board frame hole must have high rigidity, high-wearing feature, high-fracture toughness and high resisting breakage property, could guarantee the needs of building template enterprise production.
The material of present domestic Form board frame cold punching die all adopts mould steel to make basically; Most typical cold punching die steel has Cr12 and Cr12MoV, for the hole on template cross rib, perpendicular rib and the accessory, because quantity is less relatively; Precision requires lower usually; So also have enterprise to adopt making such as 9Mn2V, 9SiCr, CrWMn, T8A, T10A and T12A, all these mold materials all are shaped through machining in annealed condition usually, quench then; Tempering again, the final hardness after the heat treatment is in HRC55～65 scopes.When the cold punching die hardness of these material is higher, be highly brittle usually and steel interior tissue stress big, in the use, under the effect repeatedly of punching press impulsive force, be easy to breakage; And when hardness is on the low side, though toughness is better, cracky not, it is very fast to wear and tear, and service life is very low, needs often to change punch die, concerning enterprise, the unusual influence progress and the continuity of producing, and and then have influence on the benefit of enterprise.
In order to satisfy of the requirement of Form board frame hole cold punching die to material hardness, wearability, fracture toughness and resisting breakage property; A kind of powdered metallurgical material that is used for cold punching die is through years of researches and repetition test; Can replace existing die steel material, manufacturing enterprise applies at building template.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to adopt the traditional moulds steel can not satisfy of the requirement of preparation building template frame hole cold punching die, and a kind of powdered metallurgical material and die forming method thereof that is used for cold punching die is provided material hardness, wearability, fracture toughness and resisting breakage property in order to solve
The objective of the invention is to realize through following technical scheme:
A kind of powdered metallurgical material that is used for cold punching die of the present invention, the mass percent of this material each component is following:
Tungsten carbide wc content is 3～8%, and iron Fe content is 70～85%, and chromium Cr content is 3～7%, and ramet TaC content is 1～5%, and molybdenum Mo content is 2～6%, graphite C content 0.8～2%, silicon Si content 0.1～0.4%, manganese Mn content 0.3～0.5%, yittrium oxide Y
2O
3Content is 0.05～0.2%.
Wherein the particle diameter of each component is 2～6 μ m.
Use the method that powdered metallurgical material of the present invention prepares cold punching die, its concrete steps are following:
1) raw material configuration
According to tungsten carbide content is 3～8%, and iron content is 70～85%, and chromium content is 3～7%; Ramet content is 1～5%, and molybdenum content is 2～6%, content of graphite 0.8～2%; Silicone content 0.1～0.4%; Manganese content 0.3～0.5%, yittrium oxide content are 0.05～0.2% mass percent preparation compound, and the particle diameter of this compound is 2～6 μ m.
2) ball milling mixes powder
With the 1st) step prepared mixture and diameter 5mm the wolfram steel abrading-ball according to 10: 1 proportionings of ball material mass ratio; The stainless-steel grinding jar of packing into, adding purity according to the proportionate relationship that adds 100～300 milliliters of milliliters in the per kilogram compound is ball milling 4～10 hours behind 99% the ethanol; Ball milling adopts planetary high-energy ball mill, and the ball milling parameter is set to: rotating intermittent time 1～3min, rotating speed 180～280r/min.
3) drying
To the 2nd) admixture binder in the compound of step behind the ball milling, put into then planet stir drying box stir dry, at first at 30～50 ℃ of following freeze-day with constant temperature more than 2 hours, at last at 110～130 ℃ of following freeze-day with constant temperature more than 2 hours; Binder is paraffin, butadiene rubber, butadiene-styrene rubber or buna, and addition content is to add 8～20g binder in the per kilogram compound,
4) press forming
Through the 3rd) dried powder of step packs into and makes in the shaping dies that cold punching die uses press forming on forcing press, pressing pressure 1500～1850kgf/cm
2
5) sintering
With the 4th) cold punching pressing mold blank after the step compacting at first is raised to 300～450 ℃ with the programming rate of 3～8 ℃/min from room temperature, insulation 80～120min; Constant programming rate with 5～15 ℃/min is raised to 700～850 ℃ with temperature again, insulation 20～40min; Constant programming rate with 3～10 ℃/min is raised to 1350～1480 ℃ with temperature at last, the insulation 30～50min after with the stove cool to room temperature.
6) quench
With the 5th) cold punching die of step behind the sintering be raised to 600～800 ℃ with the constant programming rate of 10～20 ℃/min from room temperature; Insulation 5～15min; And then be raised to 1100～1350 ℃ from room temperature with the constant programming rate of 5～15 ℃/min; Insulation 10～30min is put in the oil after at last blank being taken out and cools off.
7) tempering
With the 6th) cold punching die after the step quenches is raised to 450～650 ℃ with the constant programming rate of 10～15 ℃/min from room temperature again; Insulation 10～30min cools to 170～350 ℃ then, insulation 5～10min; Cool to room temperature in air obtains target product at last.
Beneficial effect
Adopt the mould of materials processing of the present invention because the adding of tungsten carbide, ramet and graphite makes it have very high hardness; Because the adding of rare earth oxide (being yittrium oxide) and metal molybdenum, its anti-wear performance is greatly enhanced; Because the adding of tungsten carbide, chromium, ramet, silicon and manganese, make sintering after crystal grain thinner, organize more evenly, quenching degree is higher, temper brittleness is littler; Compare the die steel material processed mould, its resistance to impact, fracture toughness and resisting breakage performance are greatly enhanced, and improve service life more than 3 times, and the present invention can be widely used in the cold punching die of various high accuracy, heavy load and long time continuous working.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment content of the present invention is further specified:
Embodiment 1: to make the punch and the die of powdered metallurgical material 55 series of combination steel form frame hole cold punching dies
1) raw material configuration
The content of getting each powder is: tungsten carbide 70 grams of particle mean size 1 μ m, particle mean size are iron powder 780 grams of 3 μ m, and particle mean size is chromium powder 50 grams of 1.5 μ m; The ramet content of particle mean size 2.5 μ m is 30 grams; Molybdenum powder 50 grams of particle mean size 2 μ m, graphite powder 12 grams of particle mean size 6 μ m, silica flour 3 grams of particle mean size 3.5 μ m; Manganese powder 3.5 grams of particle mean size 3.5 μ m, yittrium oxide powder 1.5 grams of particle mean size 1 μ m.
2) ball milling mixes powder
With the 1st) step prepared mixture and diameter 5mm the wolfram steel abrading-ball according to 10: 1 proportionings of ratio of grinding media to material, the stainless-steel grinding jar of packing into, 280 milliliters of purity of adding are that 99% ethanol carried out ball milling 8.5 hours in the compound.Ball milling adopts planetary high-energy ball mill, and the ball milling parameter is set to: rotating intermittent time 2min, rotating speed 220r/min.
3) drying
To the 2nd) admixture paraffin is as binder in the compound of step behind the ball milling, and addition content is 18g/kg, and behind the admixture binder, material is put into planet, and to stir drying box dry, and when drying, the beginning temperature of selection is 50 ℃, final baking temperature is 120 ℃.
4) press forming
Through the 3rd) dried powder of step packs into and makes in the shaping dies that diel uses press forming on forcing press, pressing pressure 1590kgf/cm
2
5) sintering
Subtend the 4th) the stamping die blank that suppresses carries out sintering the step, in resistance furnace, at first is raised to 400 ℃ from room temperature, insulation 90min with the programming rate of 5 ℃/min; Constant programming rate with 12 ℃/min is raised to 750 ℃ with temperature again, insulation 30min; Constant programming rate with 5 ℃/min is raised to 1380 ℃ with temperature at last, the insulation 45min after with the stove cool to room temperature.
6) quench
With the 5th) diel of step behind the sintering be raised to 700 ℃ with the programming rate of 10 ℃/min from room temperature; Be incubated 10min, and then be raised to 1140 ℃ from room temperature, insulation 15min with the programming rate of 6 ℃/min; At last blank is taken out from heating furnace, be put in the oil and cool off.
7) tempering
With the 6th) diel after the step quenches puts back to that the programming rate with 15 ℃/min is raised to 500 ℃ from room temperature in the stove again, and insulation 15min cools to 200 ℃ then; Insulation 10min; In stove, take out mould parts at last, cool to room temperature in air obtains target product.
Punch and the die of the cold punching die that embodiment 1 is made are used to process 55 series of combination steel form frame holes, before because of damaged scrapping, but punching more than 100,000, service life is higher 3～5 times than the cold punching die of die steel material making.
Embodiment 2: to make the punch and the die of powdered metallurgical material 70 series of combination steel form frame hole cold punching dies
1) raw material configuration
The content of getting each powder is: tungsten carbide 60 grams of particle mean size 1 μ m, particle mean size are iron powder 810 grams of 3 μ m, and particle mean size is chromium powder 50 grams of 1.5 μ m; The ramet content of particle mean size 2.5 μ m is 20 grams; Molybdenum powder 43 grams of particle mean size 2 μ m, graphite powder 10 grams of particle mean size 6 μ m, silica flour 2 grams of particle mean size 3.5 μ m; Manganese powder 3 grams of particle mean size 3.5 μ m, yittrium oxide powder 2 grams of particle mean size 1 μ m.
2) ball milling mixes powder
With the 1st) step prepared mixture and diameter 5mm the wolfram steel abrading-ball according to 10: 1 proportionings of ratio of grinding media to material, the stainless-steel grinding jar of packing into, 300 milliliters of purity of adding are that 99% ethanol carried out ball milling 7 hours in the compound.Ball milling adopts planetary high-energy ball mill, and the ball milling parameter is set to: rotating intermittent time 2min, rotating speed 220r/min.
3) drying
To the 2nd) admixture paraffin is as binder in the compound of step behind the ball milling, and addition content is 15g/kg, and behind the admixture binder, material is put into planet, and to stir drying box dry, and when drying, the beginning temperature of selection is 45 ℃, final baking temperature is 125 ℃.
4) press forming
Through the 3rd) dried powder of step packs into and makes in the shaping dies that diel uses press forming on forcing press, pressing pressure 1710kgf/cm
2
5) sintering
To the 4th) stamping die blank after the step compacting carries out sintering, in resistance furnace, at first is raised to 390 ℃ from room temperature, insulation 90min with the programming rate of 5 ℃/min; Constant programming rate with 12 ℃/min is raised to 800 ℃ with temperature again, insulation 30min; Constant programming rate with 5 ℃/min is raised to 1380 ℃ with temperature at last, the insulation 45min after with the stove cool to room temperature.
6) quench
With the 5th) diel of step behind the sintering be raised to 750 ℃ with the programming rate of 15 ℃/min from room temperature; Be incubated 12min, and then be raised to 1200 ℃ from room temperature, insulation 20min with the programming rate of 8 ℃/min; At last blank is taken out from heating furnace, be put in the oil and cool off.
7) tempering
With the 6th) diel after the step quenches puts back to that the programming rate with 10 ℃/min is raised to 550 ℃ from room temperature in the stove again, and insulation 20min cools to 200 ℃ then; Insulation 10min; In stove, take out mould parts at last, cool to room temperature in air obtains target product.
Punch and the die of the cold punching die that embodiment 2 is made are used to process 70 series of combination steel form frame holes, in wearing and tearing and before scrapping, but punching more than 120,000, service life is higher 4～6 times than the cold punching die of die steel material making.
Embodiment 3: to make the punch and the die of powdered metallurgical material 86 serial large steel moulding plate frame hole cold punching dies
1) raw material configuration
The content of getting each powder is: tungsten carbide 40 grams of particle mean size 1 μ m, particle mean size are iron powder 820 grams of 3 μ m, and particle mean size is chromium powder 45 grams of 1.5 μ m; The ramet content of particle mean size 2.5 μ m is 25 grams; Molybdenum powder 55 grams of particle mean size 2 μ m, graphite powder 8 grams of particle mean size 6 μ m, silica flour 2 grams of particle mean size 3.5 μ m; Manganese powder 3.5 grams of particle mean size 3.5 μ m, yittrium oxide powder 1.5 grams of particle mean size 1 μ m.
2) ball milling mixes powder
With the 1st) step prepared mixture and diameter 5mm the wolfram steel abrading-ball according to 10: 1 proportionings of ratio of grinding media to material, the stainless-steel grinding jar of packing into, 300 milliliters of purity of adding are that 99% ethanol carried out ball milling 7.5 hours in the compound.Ball milling adopts planetary high-energy ball mill, and the ball milling parameter is set to: rotating intermittent time 2min, rotating speed 220r/min.
3) drying
To the 2nd) admixture paraffin is as binder in the compound behind the ball milling in step, and addition content is 17.5g/kg, and behind the admixture binder, material is put into planet, and to stir drying box dry, and when drying, the beginning temperature of selection is 50 ℃, final baking temperature is 120 ℃.
4) press forming
Through the 3rd) dried powder of step packs into and makes in the shaping dies that diel uses press forming on forcing press, pressing pressure 1750kgf/cm
2
5) sintering
To the 4th) stamping die blank after the step compacting carries out sintering, in resistance furnace, at first is raised to 360 ℃ from room temperature, insulation 90min with the programming rate of 5 ℃/min; Constant programming rate with 12 ℃/min is raised to 820 ℃ with temperature again, insulation 25min; Constant programming rate with 5 ℃/min is raised to 1350 ℃ with temperature at last, the insulation 50min after with the stove cool to room temperature.
6) quench
With the 5th) diel of step behind the sintering be raised to 700 ℃ with the programming rate of 15 ℃/min from room temperature; Be incubated 15min, and then be raised to 1150 ℃ from room temperature, insulation 25min with the programming rate of 8 ℃/min; At last blank is taken out from heating furnace, be put in the oil and cool off.
7) tempering
With the 6th) diel after the step quenches puts back to that the programming rate with 8 ℃/min is raised to 510 ℃ from room temperature in the stove again, and insulation 20min cools to 200 ℃ then; Insulation 10min; In stove, take out mould parts at last, cool to room temperature in air obtains target product.
Punch and the die of the cold punching die that embodiment 3 is made are used to process 86 serial large steel moulding plate frame holes, before scrapping, but punching more than 110,000, service life is higher 3.5～5.5 times than the cold punching die of die steel material making.
Claims (2)
1. powdered metallurgical material that is used for cold punching die is characterized in that the mass percent of this material each component is following:
Tungsten carbide wc content is 3～8%, and iron Fe content is 70～85%, and chromium Cr content is 3～7%, and ramet TaC content is 1～5%, and molybdenum Mo content is 2～6%, graphite C content 0.8～2%, silicon Si content 0.1～0.4%, manganese Mn content 0.3～0.5%, yittrium oxide Y
2O
3Content is 0.05～0.2%;
Wherein the particle diameter of each component is 2～6 μ m.
2. use the method that powdered metallurgical material as claimed in claim 1 prepares cold punching die, it is characterized in that concrete steps are following:
1) raw material configuration
According to tungsten carbide content is 3～8%, and iron content is 70～85%, and chromium content is 3～7%; Ramet content is 1～5%, and molybdenum content is 2～6%, content of graphite 0.8～2%; Silicone content 0.1～0.4%; Manganese content 0.3～0.5%, yittrium oxide content are 0.05～0.2% mass percent preparation compound, and the particle diameter of this compound is 2～6 μ m.
2) ball milling mixes powder
With the 1st) step prepared mixture and diameter 5mm the wolfram steel abrading-ball according to 10: 1 proportionings of ball material mass ratio; The stainless-steel grinding jar of packing into, adding purity according to the proportionate relationship that adds 100～300 milliliters of milliliters in the per kilogram compound is ball milling 4～10 hours behind 99% the ethanol; Ball milling adopts planetary high-energy ball mill, and the ball milling parameter is set to: rotating intermittent time 1～3min, rotating speed 180～280r/min.
3) drying
To the 2nd) admixture binder in the compound of step behind the ball milling, put into then planet stir drying box stir dry, at first at 30～50 ℃ of following freeze-day with constant temperature more than 2 hours, at last at 110～130 ℃ of following freeze-day with constant temperature more than 2 hours; Binder is paraffin, butadiene rubber, butadiene-styrene rubber or buna, and addition content is to add 8～20g binder in the per kilogram compound,
4) press forming
Through the 3rd) dried powder of step packs into and makes in the shaping dies that cold punching die uses press forming on forcing press, pressing pressure 1500～1850kgf/cm
2
5) sintering
With the 4th) cold punching pressing mold blank after the step compacting at first is raised to 300～450 ℃ with the programming rate of 3～8 ℃/min from room temperature, insulation 80～120min; Constant programming rate with 5～15 ℃/min is raised to 700～850 ℃ with temperature again, insulation 20～40min; Constant programming rate with 3～10 ℃/min is raised to 1350～1480 ℃ with temperature at last, the insulation 30～50min after with the stove cool to room temperature.
6) quench
With the 5th) cold punching die of step behind the sintering be raised to 600～800 ℃ with the constant programming rate of 10～20 ℃/min from room temperature; Insulation 5～15min; And then be raised to 1100～1350 ℃ from room temperature with the constant programming rate of 5～15 ℃/min; Insulation 10～30min is put in the oil after at last blank being taken out and cools off.
7) tempering
With the 6th) cold punching die after the step quenches is raised to 450～650 ℃ with the constant programming rate of 10～15 ℃/min from room temperature again; Insulation 10～30min cools to 170～350 ℃ then, insulation 5～10min; Cool to room temperature in air obtains target product at last.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102773491A (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2012-11-14 | 昆山乔锐金属制品有限公司 | Preparation method of high-performance steel-based coating powder |
| CN103480850A (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2014-01-01 | 西安金欣粉末冶金有限公司 | Powder metallurgy preparing method for heavy truck gearbox synchronizer gear hub |
| CN104259419A (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2015-01-07 | 昆山伯建精密模具有限公司 | Preparation method of stamping sliding sleeve die |
| CN103418790B (en) * | 2012-05-17 | 2016-08-03 | 枣阳秦鸿新材料有限公司 | A kind of Anti-abrasion metal-ceramic composite product and preparation method thereof |
| CN106584717A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-04-26 | 柳州通为机械有限公司 | Door trim panel injection mold |
| CN107858606A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-03-30 | 河源富马硬质合金股份有限公司 | It is a kind of towards metal forming and the mould mat material in punch process field |
| CN114833342A (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2022-08-02 | 珠海市龙圣模具材料有限公司 | Powder metallurgy wear-resistant high-toughness die steel and processing technology thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104259419A (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2015-01-07 | 昆山伯建精密模具有限公司 | Preparation method of stamping sliding sleeve die |
| CN106584717A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-04-26 | 柳州通为机械有限公司 | Door trim panel injection mold |
| CN107858606A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-03-30 | 河源富马硬质合金股份有限公司 | It is a kind of towards metal forming and the mould mat material in punch process field |
| CN114833342A (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2022-08-02 | 珠海市龙圣模具材料有限公司 | Powder metallurgy wear-resistant high-toughness die steel and processing technology thereof |
| CN114833342B (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2023-01-17 | 珠海市龙圣模具材料有限公司 | Powder metallurgy wear-resistant high-toughness die steel and processing technology thereof |
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