CN102389701B - Method for purifying oil smoke-containing waste gas - Google Patents
Method for purifying oil smoke-containing waste gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN102389701B CN102389701B CN201110307077.XA CN201110307077A CN102389701B CN 102389701 B CN102389701 B CN 102389701B CN 201110307077 A CN201110307077 A CN 201110307077A CN 102389701 B CN102389701 B CN 102389701B
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- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
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- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229940106668 yucca extract Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 36
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 35
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- -1 terpene compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
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- 206010007269 Carcinogenicity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000005979 Citrus limon Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000131522 Citrus pyriformis Species 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for purifying oil smoke-containing waste gas. The method is implemented by treating the oil smoke-containing waste gas with the combination of plant essential oil and compound microbial strains. The plant essential oil is terpenes, yucca extract or a mixture thereof; and the compound microbial strains include Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, bacillus cereus, Bacillus megaterium and Pseudomonas fluorescens. The plant essential oil can decompose volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the oil smoke-containing waste gas, and the compound microbial strains grow and reproduce based on solid-state and liquid-state pollutants in the oil smoke-containing waste gas as nutrients and degrade the pollutants into nontoxic and odorless carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) which are discharged, so as to achieve the purpose of purifying the oil smoke-containing waste gas. The method can well remove and degrade gaseous VOCs and liquid-state/solid-state organic substances in different types of waste gases, and has broad application prospects in the air purification field.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to waste gas pollution control and treatment technical field, be specifically related to a kind of plant extraction liquid of decomposing volatile debirs and the complex microorganism bacterial classification of degraded mushy stage debirs, method of purifying oil smoke-containing waste gas simultaneously utilized.
Background technology
The places such as kitchen lampblack, vehicle exhaust, house refuse, industrial and agricultural production, solid waste and sewage disposal, all can produce and discharge the waste gas that contains multiple harmful components, cause serious air pollution, have brought significant damage to the common people's health.Meanwhile, data demonstration, the economic loss that atmosphere pollution causes is also very huge, and China accounts for 7% of whole GDP because annual the caused environment and health of atmosphere pollution loses.Taking the oil flue waste gas from various dining rooms, kitchen as example, it contains the multiple compounds that gas, liquid, solid three-phase mixes, as various volatile organic matters (VOCs), animal and plant fat, aliphatic acid, protein, starch etc.The classes of compounds that it is contained and quantity are with factors vary such as heating-up temperature, time, food species, cooking methods and fuel types, but its fundamental type comprises hydrocarbon, alcohol, phenol, ether, aldehyde, ketone, carboxylic acid, ester, benzene, fused ring heterocycle etc., wherein identified heterocyclic amine (Heterocyclic Amines) compound out just exceedes kind more than 20, and this class material Yin Qigao suddenlys change activity and has strong carcinogenicity.
At present, report and the patent of the various technology of relevant kitchen lampblack improvement and air cleaning are very abundant, as ventilation transfer method, absorption method, filtration method, electrostatic technique, or the combination of several technology etc.
Ventilation transfer method is exactly by powerful Air Flow, oil smoke to be taken away, publication number be CN101545649A patent Introduction a kind of method of discharging oil smoke in family room, utilize exactly blower fan at indoor formation air stream, the oil smoke in kitchen is discharged family room by air stream.This is the very simple physical method of one, its defect is apparent, it can not carry out seizure or the decomposition of any mode to the various compounds in oil smoke and volatile organic matter, just they is transferred to another place from a place, as from indoor transfer to outdoor.
Absorption method is exactly to utilize the carrier of the high cellulose content that some hole is loose, specific area is large, utilizes intermolecular attraction or chemical bonding effect, and some Molecular Adsorption in oil smoke is arrived to its surface.The sorbing material the most often using is active carbon.The patent No. a kind of active carbon air filter of Philips company that has been 99800273.9 Introduction To Cn Patent, this device utilizes undulatory organic fiber paper to form alveolate texture, a certain amount of active carbon is placed in the inside, thereby obtains a kind of air cleaning filter.Active carbon can only be to the material of some specific molecular structure, is mainly that the volatile organic matter of little molecular weight adsorbs, once and reach capacity and will no longer have adsorption capacity.Its maximum defect is also, contains the organic matters such as animal and plant fat that a large amount of molecular weight is higher, protein, starch in oil smoke, and they are easy to be attached on the surface of active carbon, stop up its loose hole, thereby significantly reduce its adsorption efficiency.
In China, utilize Electrostatic Absorption/electrostatic precipitation technology to carry out oil smoke processing very general, if application number is 02151947.1,03242233,200720054539.0,200810194784.0,201010218517.X, the patents such as 201010288286.X, all owner will utilize Electrostatic Absorption/deposition technique to process oil smoke.The corona discharge that this technology utilizes the high-pressure electrostatic place of positive and negative electrode formation to produce, make electric charge on the dust-like material band in oil smoke, under the effect of electric field Coulomb force, charged dust-like material moves to anodal collecting plate, finally adhere to and be deposited on collecting plate, thereby reaching the effect that separates dust-like goods and materials in oil smoke.The device of this electrostatic precipitation/fume eliminating, because dust-like material adheres to and deposits on collecting plate, uses after a period of time, is very easy to result in blockage.And many compositions in oil smoke all belong to combustible material, in use there is larger potential safety hazard in this technology.
In view of the diversity of oil smoke composition, how published relevant cooking fume purifying method has adopted the combination of the two kinds or more of methods of above-mentioned these methods.For example, patent publication No. is the Chinese patent of CN 1416938A, its method of carrying out kitchen oil fume purifying is exactly first oil smoke fully to be washed through the oil-removing cleaning agent cleaning in tower, then enters electrostatic precipitation tower removal dust, finally utilizes active carbon to absorb the gas material in some oil smoke.Publication number is the Chinese patent of CN101274189 B, adopts the modes such as screen pack, electrostatic precipitation, ultraviolet ray (exciting light catalyst or generation ozone) sterilization, to reach the object of processing oil smoke.
All these modes above, except minority has been utilized chemical method, mostly belong to the method for physics, they be mainly the larger solid state class material of the particle size in oil smoke and operative liquid class material are had certain separate, absorption and deposition, they are trapped in to these purifier the insides, and these oil smoke materials are not broken off itself, they can constantly accumulate in purifier, cause the continuous decline of efficiency and the effect of purifier, these purifiers of therefore having to clean continually or change.Meanwhile, more seriously, these methods are very limited to those removal effects to air pollution and the great volatile organic matter of human health damage (VOC) in oil smoke, and major part has still finally been discharged in air because cannot effectively removing.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is exactly the deficiency for the technology of the waste gas such as existing purifying oil fume, a kind of method of simultaneously utilizing plant extraction liquid and complex microorganism bacterial classification to carry out the waste gas such as purifying oil fume is provided, make oil flue waste gas after treatment meet the relevant environmental protection standard of country completely, comprise " emission standard for odor pollutants " (GB14554-93), " Air Pollutant Emission limit value ", " cooking fume discharge standard " (GB18483-2001) etc.
The invention provides a kind of method of purifying oil smoke-containing waste gas, adopt plants essential oil and complex microorganism bacterial classification, co-treatment oil flue waste gas: oil flue waste gas is introduced in container handling and processes, in container handling, contain the complex microorganism bacterial classification loading on carrier, plants essential oil is spray pattern and fills and be stored in container handling space.Oil flue waste gas fully contacts decomposition with the plants essential oil of the dilute with water that is spray pattern, and then degrades by a large amount of complex microorganism bacterial classifications contained on carrier.
Classify according to chemical constitution, the total volatile organism (TVOC) in oil smoke or other waste gas is mainly made up of four large class chemical substances: 1) ammonia (NH
3) and derivative, i.e. nitrogen-containing compound; 2) hydrogen sulfide (H
2and derivative, i.e. sulfur-containing compound S); 3) formaldehyde and derivative thereof; 4) other hydrocarbon compound.
These volatile organic matters, not only severe contamination air, and many systems to human body, as respiratory system, nervous system cause irreversible possible permanent damage, wherein many organic matters also can directly cause the canceration of human organ etc.
Human use removes the existing very long history of specific peculiar smell from various plant extract extract/essential oil out, and it is remarkable that for example acknowledged lemon offsets removing fishy odor effect; The peculiar smell that evergreen plants essential oil produces can eliminate animal excrements decomposition time etc.And plants essential oil is natural, safety, environmental protection, its application has been subject to paying close attention to more and more widely and paying attention to.The present invention selects the large low-molecular-weight volatile organic matter of class of four in oil smoke to have the plants essential oil of remarkable decomposition function from series vegetable extract.Select according to as follows:
1) plants essential oil in the present invention must be safe and harmless to people and other animals and plants, they must be the natural fragrances/flavours class materials by U.S. food and drug surveilance office (FDA) approval, can be used as food additives for bag and bottle, and enumerate out on CFR 21CFR172.510;
2) plants essential oil in the present invention, to multiple volatile organic matter (VOCs), comprises NH
3, HCHO and TVOC have capacity of decomposition;
3) plants essential oil in the present invention is to H
2s has capacity of decomposition;
4) plants essential oil in the present invention is to have high BODs on the five (Biology Oxygen Demand, BOD
5) as preferred.BOD
5higher, the easier biodegradation of plants essential oil is described, even if be discharged in air, also can decompose very soon, can not remain in for a long time in environment.
According to above-mentioned 4 alternative conditions, the inventor has carried out systematic research and test to a large amount of plants essential oils, adopts plants essential oil and complex microorganism bacterial classification co-treatment oil flue waste gas.Selected plants essential oil is the plants essential oil taking terpene compound as active component, or yucca extract, or their mixture.
Terpene compound used in the present invention and yucca extract, can be used alone, and also can mix rear use.Both can mix in any proportion.The mixed liquid that preferably uses both to form.
While processing oil flue waste gas, oil flue waste gas is first directed into and in container handling, carries out humidification spray, the plants essential oil of dilute with water is spray pattern and fully contacts with oil flue waste gas, and then utilizes the biomembrane that the complex microorganism bacterial classification in clay carrier forms that is attached in container handling to process.Oil flue waste gas enters container handling with the exhausted air quantity of 2000~20000 cubes ms/h.
In the time that oil flue waste gas enters container handling, just spray continuously of the plants essential oil dilution having diluted according to a certain percentage with water, the flow of spray liquid is 50~500 ml/min, the plants essential oil consuming is 2.5~25 gram/minute; Plants essential oil fully mixes by automated fluid mixing arrangement with water, forms uniform dilution; Then by atomizer, dilution is ejected with the spray pattern of superfine micro-(100 microns of <).
For the processing of the liquid state in oil flue waste gas and solid waste, the present invention mainly realizes by the high-efficiency biomembrane that contains a large amount of complex microorganism bacterial classifications covering on carrier.Microbe carrier system in the present invention adopts tonerde.
For the degraded of certain one matter, be easier to realize by screening, tame, cultivate and breed the corresponding microorganism ratio of certain class.But in oil flue waste gas, contain many kinds of substance, complicated component, therefore must need multiple-microorganism acting in conjunction just can reach the object of effective decomposition.The present invention filters out the complex microorganism bacterial classification being made up of multiple-microorganism, forms the biomembrane that can effectively decompose multiple compounds simultaneously on carrier.Meanwhile, for guaranteeing to use and biological safety, bacterial classification used in the present invention all adopts the bacterial classification of having registered in American Type Culture Collecti (American Type Culture Centre, ATCC).
Microorganism fungus kind used in the present invention, by bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) ATCC 6051, bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus licheniformis) ATCC 12713, Bacillus cercus (Bacillus cereus) ATCC14579, the complex microorganism bacterial classification that bacillus megaterium (Bacillus megaterium) ATCC 14581 and Pseudomonas fluorescens (Pseudomonas fluorescens) ATCC 13525 form.These bacterial classifications, in growth, reproductive process, can produce various biology enzymes, and as protease, lipase, amylase etc., they have critical effect to the larger organic matter of various molecular weight in decomposing oil smoke waste gas.
During the present invention's complex microorganism bacterial classification used contains, the ratio of bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus cercus, bacillus megaterium and Pseudomonas fluorescens is calculated as 40~60% according to bacterial number: 20~40%: 5~15%: 1~10%: 1~10%.The initial bacterium colony of the biomembranous complex microorganism bacterial classification forming adds up to 1x10
7~1x10
10cfu/g, the gross weight of complex microorganism bacterial classification is 100~1000g.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
First the present invention imports oil flue waste gas in container handling, and fully contact with the plants essential oil of abundant atomization, mix, thus the volatile organic matter in remarkable decomposing oil smoke waste gas; Simultaneously, in container handling, arrange and be attached to the biomembrane that the complex microorganism bacterial classification on carrier forms, complex microorganism is with the organic matter in oil flue waste gas, mainly that liquid state and solid-state organic matter are nutriment, carry out growth and breeding, thereby they are degraded into nonpoisonous and tasteless carbon dioxide (CO
2) and water (H
2o) after, discharge again, reach the object of purifying oil smoke-containing waste gas.
Plants essential oil can the degrade organic pollution in oil flue waste gas, particularly volatile organic matter.But while jointly existence due to plants essential oil and microorganism, can produce certain interaction, likely suppress growth of microorganism or suppressed the effect of degradable organic pollutant separately.Therefore, choosing of complex microorganism bacterial classification and choosing of plants essential oil in the present invention, be the key of invention.Through repeatedly screening test discovery, adopt terpene compound or yucca extract, with complex microorganism bacterial classifications such as Bacillus cercus, bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, bacillus licheniformis, Pseudomonas fluorescens, while carrying out co-treatment oil flue waste gas, its organic matter degradation efficiency is significantly improved.
Plants essential oil used in the present invention and microorganism fungus kind, all there is characteristic and the function of decomposing volatile organic matters (VOCs) and Some Organic Pollutants widely, therefore the method that this invention proposes not only has good catharsis to oil smoke, also can reasonably infer that the method is to coming from the waste gas of other pollution sources, as vehicle exhaust, house refuse, industrial and agricultural production, solid waste and sewage disposal etc., can carry out effectively decomposing and removing to its contained various VOCs and pollutant etc. too, thereby reach the object purifying air.
Detailed description of the invention
Content of the present invention will give more detailed description in order to more lower case study on implementation.Following examples are except embodiment 1, and all the other embodiment completely (GB18483-2001) implement and measure according to national standard " cooking fume discharge standard ".These case study on implementation are only for content of the present invention is set forth, instead of content of the present invention is only confined in these case study on implementation.
Embodiment 1: the removal of plants essential oil to volatile organic matter:
The plants essential oil that optimum case study on implementation of the present invention uses comprises terpene compound (Terpenoids, CAS#:65996-98-7), yucca extract (Yucca Schidigera, CAS#:223749-05-1) or they are mixed to formed mixture by a certain percentage.
Test the clearance of these plants essential oils to volatile organic matter, result is as shown in table 1.
The clearance of table 1 plants essential oil to volatile organic matter
* NH
3, HCHO, TVOC capacity of decomposition adopt professional standard " indoor air cleaning
Change product clean-up effect assay method " (QB/T 2671-2006) assess.
* H
2its capacity of decomposition of S adopts the method for gas-chromatography and sulfur chemiluminescence detection device (GC-SCD) coupling to measure.
* * plants essential oil BOD
5detection carry out according to " water and effluent monitoring analytical method " the 4th edition.Embodiment 2
Complex microorganism bacterial classification in container handling consists of: calculate bacillus subtilis 50%, bacillus licheniformis 30%, Bacillus cercus 10%, bacillus megaterium 5% and Pseudomonas fluorescens 5% according to bacterial number ratio.Complex microorganism bacterial classification is loaded in clay carrier, be placed in container handling.The initial bacterium colony of complex microorganism bacterial classification adds up to 5.0X10
9cfu/ gram, gross weight is 500 grams.
Plants essential oil is atomization in container handling: terpene compound (Terpenoids) active component mass fraction 20%, Advance Chemicals Ltd company of Canada produces, and utilizes automated fluid mixing arrangement plants essential oil and running water to be mixed with to 5% dilution.
Plants essential oil dilution sprays continuously in container handling space, and the flow of spray liquid is 100 ml/min, and the plants essential oil consuming is 5 gram/minute;
Sample collection carries out in the peak period of kitchen fume discharge, imports in container handling and processes according to the amounts of 5000 cubes ms/h, and sampling number is continuous sampling 5 times, every minor tick 10 minutes, and the clearance of measurement and calculation oil smoke, result is as shown in table 2.
The oil smoke treatment effect of table 2 embodiment 2
Embodiment 3
With embodiment 2, but the plants essential oil adopting is as follows:
Yucca extract (Yucca Schidigera), active component mass fraction 50% before dilution, Canadian Ultra Bio-Logics Inc company produces, and utilizes automated fluid mixing arrangement to be mixed with the dilution of active component mass fraction 5%.
Sample collection and processing mode are identical with embodiment 2.Result is as shown in table 3.
The oil smoke treatment effect of table 3 embodiment 3
Embodiment 4
With embodiment 2, but the plants essential oil adopting is as follows:
After two Plants essential oil mixed in equal amounts in embodiment 2 and embodiment 3, be diluted to the dilution of Active principals mass fraction 5% by identical mode.
Sample collection mode is identical with embodiment 2.Result is as shown in table 4.
The oil smoke treatment effect of table 4 embodiment 4
Embodiment 5
Only use complex microorganism bacterial classification to process oil smoke, the microorganism that the composition of complex microorganism bacterial classification and embodiment are 2 kinds is in full accord, but stops spraying plants essential oil dilution.
Sample collection mode is identical with embodiment 2.Result is as shown in table 5.
Oil smoke treatment effect when table 5 adopts complex microorganism bacterial classification
Embodiment 6
Only use with the identical terpene compound plants essential oil of embodiment 2 and process oil smoke, do not use compound biological inoculum.
Sample collection mode is identical with embodiment 2.Result is as shown in table 6.
Oil smoke treatment effect when table 5 adopts terpene compound plants essential oil to process
Embodiment 7
Only use with the identical yucca extract of embodiment 3 plants essential oil and process oil smoke, do not use compound biological inoculum
Sample collection mode is identical with embodiment 2.Result is as shown in table 7.
Oil smoke treatment effect when table 7 adopts yucca extract to process
From above-described embodiment, can find out, adopt complex microorganism bacterial classification and plants essential oil co-treatment, no matter plants essential oil is terpene compound, or yucca extract, or the mixed liquor that they both form, after oil flue waste gas is processed by this method, average removal rate all more than 93%, and has used the mixed liquor plants essential oil being formed by terpene compound and yucca extract to show better oil smoke clearance.
Claims (7)
1. a method for purifying oil smoke-containing waste gas, is characterized in that adopting plants essential oil and complex microorganism bacterial classification co-treatment oil flue waste gas; Described plants essential oil is the plants essential oil taking terpene compound as active component, or yucca extract, or their mixture; Described complex microorganism bacterial classification contains bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus cercus, bacillus megaterium and Pseudomonas fluorescens.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that active material percetage by weight concentration range when described plants essential oil uses is 1~20%.
3. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that in described complex microorganism bacterial classification, the ratio of bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus cercus, bacillus megaterium and Pseudomonas fluorescens is calculated as 40~60% according to bacterial number: 20~40%: 5~15%: 1~10%: 1~10%.
4. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that described oil flue waste gas is first directed into carries out humidification spray in container handling, the plants essential oil of dilute with water is spray pattern and fully contacts with oil flue waste gas, and then utilizes the biomembrane that the complex microorganism bacterial classification in clay carrier forms that is attached in container handling to process.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that in the time that oil smoke enters in container handling, and plants essential oil dilution just sprays continuously, and the flow of spray liquid is 50~500 ml/min, and the plants essential oil consuming is 2.5~25 gram/minute.
6. method as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that the initial bacterium colony that forms biomembranous complex microorganism bacterial classification adds up to 1x10
7~1x10
10cfu/g; The gross weight of complex microorganism bacterial classification is 100~1000g.
7. the method as described in claim as arbitrary in claim 1~6, while it is characterized in that processing oil flue waste gas, oil flue waste gas amount is 2000~20000 cubes ms/h.
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KR101601589B1 (en) | 2015-01-09 | 2016-03-08 | 현대자동차주식회사 | An agent containing microorganism to remove malodor from a painting booth, and a method of removing malodor using thereof |
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CN109971666A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2019-07-05 | 许传高 | It is a kind of for handling the biological agent of amino acid fermentation foul smell |
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CN2469986Y (en) * | 2001-03-26 | 2002-01-09 | 杭州市环境保护公司 | Oil-fume purifier |
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