CN102386429B - Manufacturing method for air cathode catalyst layer of single-chamber no-film microbiological fuel cell - Google Patents
Manufacturing method for air cathode catalyst layer of single-chamber no-film microbiological fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN102386429B CN102386429B CN2011103241824A CN201110324182A CN102386429B CN 102386429 B CN102386429 B CN 102386429B CN 2011103241824 A CN2011103241824 A CN 2011103241824A CN 201110324182 A CN201110324182 A CN 201110324182A CN 102386429 B CN102386429 B CN 102386429B
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a manufacturing method for an air cathode catalyst layer of a single-chamber no-film microbiological fuel cell. Elementary-substance iron powder is used for the catalyst. The catalyst comprises iron powder, carbon powder and 5% Nafion solution. The iron powder, the carbon powder and the 5% of Nafion solution are mixed according to a proportion of 0.7mg*cm<-2> of iron powder, 4mg*cm<-2> of carbon powder and 0.82mL of 5% Nafion for obtaining the catalyst. The uniformly mixed catalyst is coated on carbon cloth with a self-made diffusion layer, and then drying is performed for more than 24h. The manufacturing method for the air cathode catalyst layer of the single-chamber no-film microbiological fuel cell has the following advantages: simple manufacturing method and low cost. Experiments prove that: power generation performance of the microbiological fuel cell with the iron-carbon-cloth air cathode is stable; and an inner open-circuit after 30 days of continuous operation is stabilized to about 0.575V. When iron content in the iron-carbon-cloth air cathode is 0.7mg*cm<-2>, power generation performance of the MFC is optimal. A maximal open-circuit voltage is 593mV. Apparent internal resistance is 89 omega. A maximal power density is 13W*m<-3>.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to microbiological fuel cell Air cathod catalyst layer manufacturing method thereof.
Background technology
Entered since 21 century, energy development and environmental pollution have become two large key factors of restriction global economy development, and microbiological fuel cell has been subjected to extensive concern as a kind of new cleaning fuel production technology that merges sewage disposal and biological electrogenesis.Microbiological fuel cell can be divided into two classes by battery configuration, is respectively double-chamber microbiological fuel cell and single-chamber microbial fuel cell; Also being divided into two classes by having or not of proton exchange membrane, is respectively that membrane micro fuel cell and membraneless microbiological fuel cell are arranged.The single chamber membraneless microbiological fuel cell greatly reduces the cost of battery because it uses oxygen as the removal of electron acceptor and proton exchange membrane, therefore extremely have competitive advantage, has become the inexorable trend of microbiological fuel cell development.
The single chamber membraneless microbiological fuel cell generally all uses air cathode as cell cathode, and the characteristics of air cathode are to contain two layers, waterproof ventilative layer and catalyst layers.Waterproof ventilative layer is again diffusion layer, and it is towards air, and effect is that seeing through to provide electron acceptor (oxygen) to participate in of assurance air reacted; Catalyst layer is towards the anode chamber, and effect is the oxyhydrogen reaction that catalysis occurs at negative electrode.Traditional air cathode uses platinum as cathod catalyst, and platinum is the highest a kind of of catalytic efficiency in the present oxyhydrogen reaction catalyst, therefore is widely used in the various fuel cells.But it is very high that the shortcoming of platinum is its price, and the microbiological fuel cell overall cost is improved, and is unfavorable for that it is at the Developing Extension of practical application.Therefore seeking the new catalyst making air cathode that replaces platinum group catalyst and also attempt using in microbiological fuel cell, is that the science that has very much practical significance is attempted.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to research and develop a kind of making simple, the cheap air cathode that is used for microbiological fuel cell.
That iron powder has is cheap, wide material sources and to the characteristics of microbe nonhazardous effect, carbon dust does not have catalytic action as supported catalyst itself, but it can increase the specific area of catalyst and prevent coalescent as carrier, be conducive to improve the performance of catalyst, thereby increase substantially the electricity generation performance of battery.5%Nafion solution is material indispensable in the air cathode catalyst layer as a kind of coating solution, and its adding purpose has two, the one, and the solid matters such as iron powder and carbon dust are bonded on the carbon cloth, the 2nd, proton is passed through.Therefore, the present invention uses iron powder, carbon dust and 5%Nafion solution to make the air cathode catalyst.
The concrete steps of making iron carbon cloth air cathode catalyst layer are following (take the iron load capacity as 0.7mgcm
-2Catalyst layer be example):
(1) takes by weighing iron powder 17.5mg and carbon dust 100mg, mix stand-by;
(2) measure 5%Nafion solution 0.82mL and add in the mixture of above-mentioned iron powder and carbon dust, mix;
(3) pastel that mixes is coated in carbon cloth equably with respect to the opposite side of diffusion layer;
(4) dry 24h under the room temperature.
The use iron of made of the present invention as the air cathode of catalyst have advantages of that manufacture method is simple, raw material wide material sources, cost of manufacture are cheap, microbiological fuel cell actual are applied significant.Through evidence, iron can make the smooth electrogenesis of microbiological fuel cell as catalyst, and the electricity generation performance of iron carbon cloth air cathode microbial fuel cell increases afterwards first along with the increase of iron content and reduce, and iron content is 0.7mgcm in iron carbon cloth air cathode
-2The time, the electricity generation performance of MFC is optimum, and maximum open circuit voltage is 593mV, and apparent internal resistance is 89 Ω, and maximum power density is 13Wm
-3Iron carbon cloth air cathode manufacture craft is simple, shows that through CV test the battery electricity generation performance of its assembling is stable, and moves continuously that open circuit voltage is stabilized in about 0.575V in the 30d.
Embodiment
The content of the following examples explanation iron is on the impact of battery performance and the stability of iron carbon cloth air cathode microbial fuel cell.
Embodiment 1, the comparison of battery performance when different content iron makes air cathode.
At the test iron content during on the affecting of battery, iron carbon cloth air cathode device 5 covers of assembling take the carbon felt as three-dimensional anode altogether, the iron powder load capacity is respectively 0.4,0.5,0.6,0.7 and 0.8mgcm in the air cathode
-2, the content of carbon dust is constant, is 4mgcm
-2, and 5%Nafion solution becomes certain ratio with the total amount of iron powder and carbon dust, be 0.7:1.
The iron load capacity is respectively 0.4,0.5,0.6,0.7 and 0.8mgcm
-2Microbiological fuel cell be numbered respectively 1,2,3,4,5.Measure the result of its maximum open circuit voltage, apparent internal resistance and maximum power density as shown in Table 1.
Table one
As shown in Table 1, the open circuit voltage of different iron content iron carbon cloth air cathode microbial fuel cells increases afterwards first along with the increase of iron content and reduces, when iron content reaches 0.7mgcm
-2The time, it is optimum that battery open circuit voltage reaches, and is 593mV.Same, the electricity generation performance of iron carbon cloth air cathode microbial fuel cell also increases afterwards first along with the increase of iron content and reduces, and iron content is 0.7mgcm in iron carbon cloth air cathode
-2The time, the electricity generation performance of MFC is optimum, and apparent internal resistance is 89 Ω, and maximum power density is 13Wm
-3
Embodiment 2, the stability of iron carbon cloth air cathode microbial fuel cell.
Cyclic voltammetry (Cyclic Voltammetry, be called for short CV) is an important electrochemical analysis measuring technology, thereby the discharge capacity that it can test battery characterizes the stability of its performance.Therefore, in order to study the stability of iron carbon cloth air cathode microbial fuel cell performance, this test is 0.7mgcm to the iron load capacity
-2MFC carry out CV test, the work electrode in the test is negative electrode, sweep speed is 50mVs
-1, cycle-index is 50 times, sweep limits is-0.6 ~ 0.8V.The time of calculating negative sense scanning and forward scan is 1400 mV/ (50 mVs
-1)=280s, therefore, the integral area that can be drawn under the scanning curve by Q=It just represents its discharge capacity.Calculate the 1st time, the 10th time, the 20th time, the 30th time, the 40th time and the 50th CV area under the curve is respectively 9.448,9.688,9.433,9.171,8.962 and 8.803, the area change rate of each circulation is about 0.28%, this shows, increase along with cycle-index, the scanning curve shape is substantially constant, and area change rate is very little, and namely discharge capacity changes less, the performance that iron carbon cloth air cathode microbial fuel cell is described is more stable, can long-time running.
In the situation that other conditions are constant, the iron load capacity is 0.7 mgcm
-2Iron carbon cloth air cathode microbial fuel cell continuously operation (connected 1000 in 1 month
External resistance), add the 15ml sodium acetate from water distribution and test open circuit voltage every 48h, the result as shown in Table 2.From table two, can find out, although the OCP of MFC has fuctuation within a narrow range, the reason of fuctuation within a narrow range is a lot, growing state, external influence factor (such as rocking) and measure error etc. such as bacterium, but substantially remain between 500 to 600 mV, the electrogenesis situation was stable when this MFC long-time running was described, operational excellence.
Table two
| Time | Voltage | Time | Voltage |
| h | mV | h | mV |
| 0 | 586.8 | 384 | 588.3 |
| 48 | 593 | 432 | 589.3 |
| 96 | 568.3 | 480 | 583.6 |
| 144 | 531.4 | 528 | 562.6 |
| 192 | 567.5 | 576 | 556.3 |
| 240 | 578.3 | 624 | 583.5 |
| 288 | 593.6 | 672 | 593.2 |
| 336 | 562.1 | ? | ? |
Claims (1)
1. the air cathode catalyst layer manufacture method of a single chamber membraneless microbiological fuel cell, it is characterized in that: use the simple substance iron powder as catalyst, catalyst material is iron powder, carbon dust and 5%Nafion solution, is 0.7mgcm with iron powder, carbon dust and 5%Nafion solution by iron content
-2, carbon dust is 4mgcm
-2, 5%Nafion is that the ratio of 0.82mL mixes as catalyst, the catalyst that mixes is coated in certainly make on the carbon cloth of diffusion layer, then more than the dry 24h.
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| CN103730667B (en) * | 2014-01-15 | 2015-10-28 | 中国科学院化学研究所 | A kind of manufacture method of air cathode of single-chamber microbial fuel cell |
| CN106868535B (en) * | 2015-12-13 | 2018-08-24 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Electrochemically reducing carbon dioxide produces the gas-diffusion electrode preparation method of hydrocarbon |
| JP6650190B2 (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2020-02-19 | 後藤 剛 | Iron charcoal contact sludge battery and power generation method using iron charcoal contact sludge battery |
| CN109841883A (en) * | 2019-02-25 | 2019-06-04 | 电子科技大学中山学院 | Use method of single-chamber air cathode MFC |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1937290A (en) * | 2005-09-22 | 2007-03-28 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Fuel cell membrane electrode cathode structure, and its preparing method and use |
| CN101427405A (en) * | 2006-04-20 | 2009-05-06 | 3M创新有限公司 | Method for making oxygen-reducing catalyst layers |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1937290A (en) * | 2005-09-22 | 2007-03-28 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Fuel cell membrane electrode cathode structure, and its preparing method and use |
| CN101427405A (en) * | 2006-04-20 | 2009-05-06 | 3M创新有限公司 | Method for making oxygen-reducing catalyst layers |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| Microbial fuel cells operated with iron-chelated air cathodes;Peter Aelterman, et al;《Electrochimica Acta》;20090514;第54卷;5754-5760 * |
| Peter Aelterman, et al.Microbial fuel cells operated with iron-chelated air cathodes.《Electrochimica Acta》.2009,第54卷5754-5760. |
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