CN102384040A

CN102384040A - Wind turbine tower segment, wind turbine and method for erecting wind turbine

Info

Publication number: CN102384040A
Application number: CN201110257363XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: J·J·尼斯
Original assignee: General Electric Co
Current assignee: General Electric Co
Priority date: 2010-08-27
Filing date: 2011-08-26
Publication date: 2012-03-21
Also published as: DK201170469A; US20110138730A1; DE102011052845A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a wind turbine tower segment, a wind turbine and a method for erecting a wind turbine. The wind turbine tower segment 102 for wind turbines 10 is provided that includes a wind turbine tower segment body 2 having a longitudinal axis 122; and a first and a second end 141,142; wherein the surface of at least one of the first and the second end is not perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the wind turbine tower segment. Further, a wind turbine having such a wind turbine tower segment is provided. The method includes providing a second wind turbine tower segment having a longitudinal axis and a first and a second end, wherein the surface of at least one of the first and the second end is not perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the wind turbine tower segment; and mounting the second wind turbine tower segment to a first wind turbine tower segment.

Description

Wind turbine and pylon sections thereof and the method that is used for the upright wind turbine of frame

Technical field

Theme as herein described relates generally to the method and system that are used for wind energy system, and relates more specifically to the method and system of offshore wind turbine.Particularly; Described theme relates to the ABAP Adapter that specifically is the wind turbine tower sections that in the offshore wind turbine, uses, offshore wind turbine, during the structure of offshore wind turbine, uses, and the method that is used for the upright offshore wind turbine of frame.

Background technique

Because it is limited that the land is suitable for the Free Region of wind turbine, so the fertile conception of offshore wind has in recent years seemed important all the more.In the shallow water territory of bank, a kind of mode of fixedly wind turbine is that the wind turbine tower sections of below is rammed in the sea bed.This sections is vertically aimed at, and hammer ram clashes into its top times without number, reaches the expectation depth of penetration that gets in the sea bed up to sections.

The installation of offshore wind turbine is very crucial.The structure of offshore wind turbine wherein weather conditions is allowed the weather window of assembling wind turbine machine at sea.Particularly, wave height and thereby the ships motion that the produces key factor that to be the assembling of offshore wind turbine stand with frame.Usually purpose is installation time is reduced to minimum, so that come fully to utilize this weather window through in said weather window, carrying out construction step as much as possible.

In addition, the sections of ramming in the sea bed runs into huge obstacle sometimes, for example large-scale rock etc. or be embedded in other obstacle in the sea bed.Under the situation that has these obstacles, make the pylon sections bear repeatedly bump through hammer ram and can on sections, cause bigger load.Therefore, the destruction to the below sections can be taken place regularly.In addition, (or water-bed, the obstacle in ground) in most of the cases, can not keep sections fully vertically to aim at because the end, ground.This situation can be compared with the nail in the timber, in case nail is not aimed at beginning most fully, then the aligning of nail seldom can be proofreaied and correct.

With can have similar effects in the relevant structure problem of land wind power turbo machine.For example, the basis that provides (foundation) possibly not have horizontal alighnment completely, for example because the basis descends after building the base end unilaterally.

In order to compensate the non-perpendicular sections in the offshore wind turbine, or compensation is on the non-level basis of land wind power turbo machine, and the joint that will be in the milk is attached on corresponding sections or the basis, and making the surface is complete level.These grouting joints are also applicable to when sections is sunk to sea bed, having received the surface that hammer ram destroys.This is the additional step that needs execution, and slurry needs the time to solidify.During curing time, assembling must stop, and this can postpone assembling and increase assembly cost significantly.

In view of preceding text, expectation be to have to allow fast and wind turbine sections, wind turbine and the wind turbine frame cube method of the upright wind turbine of frame simply.

Summary of the invention

On the one hand, a kind of wind turbine tower sections that is used for wind turbine is provided, it comprises the wind turbine tower sections body with longitudinal axis; And first end and the second end.The surface of at least one in said first end and the said the second end is with respect to the said longitudinal axis and the out of plumb of said wind turbine tower sections.

On the other hand, a kind of wind turbine is provided, it comprises at least one wind turbine tower sections as described herein.

On the other hand, a kind of method that is used for the upright wind turbine of frame is provided, it comprises provides the first wind turbine tower sections with longitudinal axis, and the second wind turbine tower sections with longitudinal axis is provided.The second wind turbine tower sections has first end and the second end.The surface of at least one is with respect to the longitudinal axis and the out of plumb of wind turbine tower sections in first end and the second end.This method also comprises the second wind turbine tower sections is installed on the first wind turbine tower sections.

According to another aspect, a kind of ABAP Adapter is provided, it is configured in order to be placed on the wind turbine sections.This ABAP Adapter can bear the bump that for example comes from tup, and can impact force be passed to this sections.

According to another aspect, a kind of method that is used for the pylon sections is fixed to sea bed is provided.This method comprises provides sections, ABAP Adapter is provided on the sections upper end portion, and utilizes tup bump ABAP Adapter.

According to an aspect, embodiment disclosed herein is used for the offshore wind turbine particularly.

According to dependent claims, description and accompanying drawing, it is obvious that others of the present invention, advantage and characteristic will become.

Description of drawings

In comprising, set forth the disclosure that the complete sum that comprises its optimal mode can be implemented more particularly to those of ordinary skill in the art with reference to the remaining specification of accompanying drawing, in the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is the perspective view of exemplary wind turbine.

Fig. 2 is the diagrammatic cross-sectional view according to two wind turbine tower sections with at least one sections of embodiment described herein.

Fig. 3 is the diagrammatic cross-sectional view according to two wind turbine tower sections with at least one sections of embodiment described herein.

Fig. 4 is the diagrammatic cross-sectional view according to three wind turbine tower sections with at least two sections of embodiment described herein.

Fig. 5 is the perspective schematic view according to embodiment's wind turbine tower sections.

Fig. 6 is the cross sectional view according to embodiment's shown in Fig. 5 wind turbine tower sections.

Fig. 7 is the perspective schematic view according to embodiment's wind turbine tower sections.

Fig. 8 is the perspective view according to embodiment's offshore wind turbine.

Fig. 9 is the perspective view according to embodiment's offshore wind turbine.

Figure 10 is the perspective view according to embodiment's offshore wind turbine.

Figure 11 is the diagrammatic cross-sectional view according to embodiment's described herein ABAP Adapter that is attached on the wind turbine sections.

Figure 12 is the perspective view according to many (pile) offshore wind turbines of embodiment.

List of parts

1 first pylon sections body

2 second pylon sections bodies

3 the 3rd pylon sections bodies

10 wind turbines

12 pylons

14 supporting systems

16 cabins

18 rotors

20 rotatable hubs

22 rotor blades

24 root of blade parts

26 load transfers zone

28 directions

30 spin axiss

32 pitch adjust system

34 pitch axis

36 control system

38 yaw axes

100 with the deviation angle of vertical line

101,1101,2,101 first pylon sections

102,1102,2,102 second pylon sections

103 the 3rd pylon sections

110 water

111,1111, the upper flange of 2,111 first sections

112,1112, the lower protruding edge of 2,112 second sections

120 vertical lines

121 first sections axis

122 second sections axis

132 second sections underparts

133 the 3rd sections underparts

140 horizontal lines

141,1141,2,141 first sections upper end portions

142 second sections upper end portions

150 with horizontal deviation angle

The tilt angle of 161 upper end portions

The upper flange of 162 second sections

172 add the deviation angle of tilt angle

The deviation angle of 182 second sections

The adjacent area of 222 flanges

230

300 seabeds

400 ABAP Adapters

410 ABAP Adapter underparts

420 adapter flange

425 flange reinforcing elements

430 ABAP Adapter upper end portions

500 tups

510 tup underparts

Embodiment

Existing in more detail with reference to various embodiments of the present invention, one or more instance is shown in each figure.Each instance all by way of example mode provides but not is intended to and limits.For example, the characteristic that is shown or is described as an embodiment's a part can be used for other embodiment or combines other embodiment to use, so that produce another embodiment.The present disclosure intention comprises this type of modification and modification.

Embodiment as herein described comprises the wind turbine system that is used for the offshore use particularly, and its compensation is the base portion sections of complete vertical orientation not.More specifically, this compensation is allowed the upright wind turbine of continuation frame and can not postponed.In addition, according to embodiment, can avoid destruction to base portion sections surface.

Used as indicated, term " wind turbine " is intended to represent by wind energy generation energy of rotation and more specifically is any device that the kinetic energy of wind is converted to mechanical energy.Used as indicated, the term " pylon sections " that uses simultaneously and " sections " are intended to represent to be used to support any component part of the wind turbine tower in cabin.Usually, a plurality of sections are provided as stacked on top of each other, thereby form wind turbine tower.A plurality ofly comprise two, three, four or even more pylon sections.According to typical embodiment, sections is a cylindrical shape.According to other embodiment, the accurate shape of sections can be different from perfectly cylindrical.Under two kinds of situation, sections has along the longitudinal axis of its bigger extension size (or be also referred to as in the text " axis ").In turbo machine pylon assembling completely, longitudinal axis is vertically aimed at usually.Sections also has the radial direction perpendicular to longitudinal axis.Used as indicated, term " offshore wind turbine " is intended to represent to be positioned at into any wind turbine in water or the fresh water.Therefore, term " sea bed " is to be understood that to also comprising lakebed, for example is installed under those situation in the lake at wind turbine.

According to aspect as herein described, at least one end of sections is what tilt.Inclined end portion can be upper end portion, underpart, or upper end portion and underpart.Used as indicated, sections " end " is intended to expression by the formed along the longitudinal direction virtual plane in sections end.Usually, the sections end is formalized by the end of circular pipe.In many cases, flange is positioned on the end." go up " with " descend " in case sign be intended to represent sections it form the orientation of turbo machine pylon when a part of.

Used as indicated, the sign of sections " inclined end portion " is intended to represent to have any sections of end, the surface of wherein said end and sections longitudinal axis and out of plumb.Particularly, in case the longitudinal axis of sections is vertically aimed at, then corresponding sections end and horizontal plane lose accurate.In other words, (with respect to the horizontal line) of end for tilting.Used as indicated, term " horizontal line " roughly is interpreted as " perpendicular to gravity " and " being parallel to gravity " respectively respectively with " vertical line ".Used as indicated, term " flange " is intended to expression and is used for intensity, is used for guiding, or is used to be attached to rib or the rim such as any kind on other object of another sections.Usually, flange is positioned at the place, end of sections.

Fig. 1 is the perspective view of exemplary wind turbine 10.In the exemplary embodiment, wind turbine 10 is a horizontal axis formula wind turbine.As alternative, wind turbine 10 can be vertical axis formula wind turbine.In the exemplary embodiment, wind turbine 10 comprises pylon 12, is installed in the cabin 16 on the pylon 12, and is connected to the rotor 18 on the cabin 16.Rotor 18 comprises rotatable hub 20, and is connected on the hub 20 and from hub 20 outward extending at least one rotor blade 22.In the exemplary embodiment, rotor 18 has three rotor blades 22.In alternative, rotor 18 comprises the rotor blade 22 greater or less than three.In the exemplary embodiment, pylon 12 is processed by tubular steel, between supporting system 14 and cabin 16, to limit the cavity (not shown in figure 1).In alternative, pylon 12 is the pylon with any suitable type of any suitable height.

Rotor blade 22 makes the kinetic energy from wind can change into available mechanical energy around hub 20 is spaced apart to help rotor 18, and is subsequently converted to electric energy.Rotor blade 22 through root of blade part 24 being connected on the hub 20 at 26 places, a plurality of load transfers zone with hub 20 couplings.Load transfer zone 26 has hub load transfer zone and rotor blade transport zone (both are all not shown among Fig. 1).The load that causes on the rotor blade 22 is transferred on the hub 20 via load transfer zone 26.

In one embodiment, rotor blade 22 has the length of scope from about 15 meters (m) to about 91m.As alternative, rotor blade 22 can have any suitable length that makes wind turbine 10 can play effect as described herein.For example, other limiting examples of length of blade comprises 10m or shorter, 20m, 37m, or greater than the length of 91m.When wind during from direction 28 bump rotor blades 22, rotor 18 is around spin axis 30 rotations.When rotor blade 22 rotated and receives centrifugal force, rotor blade 22 also can stand various power and moment.Therefore, rotor blade 22 can and/or rotate to inflection point from neutrality or non-inflection point deflection.

In addition; The propeller pitch angle of rotor blade 22 or blade pitch; Also promptly confirm the angle of rotor blade 22, can change to control load and the power that is produced by wind turbine 10 about the position, angle of wind vector through pitch adjust system 32 through adjusting at least one rotor blade 22 with respect to the projection of wind direction 28.Show the pitch axis 34 that is used for rotor blade 22.In the operation period of wind turbine 10; Pitch adjust system 32 can change the blade pitch of rotor blade 22; Make rotor blade 22 move to feather position; So that at least one rotor blade 22 provides the Minimum Surface Area of the rotor blade 22 that is orientated the kibli vector about the projection of wind vector, this helps to reduce the rotational speed of rotor 18 and/or helps rotor 18 stall.

In the exemplary embodiment, the blade pitch of each rotor blade 22 is controlled by control system 36 individually.As alternative, all can side by side control by control system 36 for the blade pitch of all rotor blades 22.In addition, in the exemplary embodiment, when direction 28 changed, the yaw direction in cabin 16 can be controlled around yaw axes 38, so that locate rotor blade 22 with respect to direction 28.

Embodiment's as herein described others and details are set forth with reference to diagrammatic sketch hereinafter.Yet what should stress is only to start from the purpose of demonstration referring to concrete accompanying drawing.Particularly, the characteristic of setting forth with respect to an accompanying drawing also can combine with other embodiment who sets forth with reference to another accompanying drawing, only if get rid of this combination clearly.

Fig. 2 shows the exemplary embodiment of present disclosure.The first wind turbine sections 101 with body 1 is shown the second wind turbine sections 102 that and then has body 2.From the purpose of demonstration, in following diagrammatic sketch, omit reference number for wind turbine sections body.The first wind turbine sections can be the pylon sections that partly is positioned at the below of sea in 110.According to embodiment, the first wind turbine sections sinks to when frame founds wind turbine, also promptly rams in the sea bed 300.Pylon sections as described herein is generally hollow tube, and it can be made up of the metal such as steel, or is made up of the composite such as fibrous composite (for example, glass fibre or graphite fiber).

Owing to exist little mistake accurate in the practice sometimes inevitably, or owing to be embedded in the huge obstacle in the sea bed, thus contingent be that the first wind turbine sections becomes the angle of certain number of degrees with vertical line.When under directed background, mentioning sections in the literary composition, this will take it is the longitudinal axis of mentioning sections as.In literary composition, mention the turbo machine sections on time, this will take it is the sections axis of mentioning along sections longitudinal extension size as.For example, Fig. 2 shows the longitudinal axis 121 of first sections 101, and the longitudinal axis 122 of second sections 102.Vertical line is illustrated by dotted line 120.

As shown in Figure 2, vertical line 120 overlaps with the longitudinal axis 122 of second sections 102.In other words, second sections is vertically aimed at.Second sections has the aclinal sections end 142 of going up.Other pylon sections (this is not shown) can be mounted thereto, for example through its flange is fixed on the upper flange 162 of the second pylon sections 102.Other pylon sections has aclinal sections end usually.

According to embodiment, two ends of the first pylon sections 101 all are aclinal.Therefore, work as expection if the first pylon sections is fixed in the sea bed, then first sections is vertically aimed at, and makes the last sections 141 of first sections 101 flatly aim at.Yet, sink under the situation that causes the non-perpendicular aligning of the first pylon sections in the sea bed at the pylon sections, can produce the deviation angle of sections (that is its longitudinal axis) and vertical line.Simultaneously, there is the deviation angle that equates between last sections end 141 and the horizontal line (only under the situation of aclinal upper end portion).

Deviation angle between the first sections longitudinal axis and the vertical line is shown in Fig. 2, and by reference number 100 expressions.Experience shows that this angle reaches 2 ° usually.The upper end portion 141 of first sections 101 and the deviation angle that is produced between the horizontal line 140 are by reference number 150 expressions.Therefore, if the expectation wind turbine tower is vertically aimed at, this mistake that then must compensate the first pylon sections is accurate.

After being fixed to first sections 101 in the sea bed, what can recognize is between first sections and vertical line, to have the deviation angle 100 that is produced.Under the situation about not tilting in the upper end portion, the deviation angle 100 between first sections and the vertical line and last sections end 141 equate with deviation angle 150 between the horizontal line 150.Under the situation about tilting in last sections end 141, deviation angle 150 is by the tilt angle and deviation angle 100 additions of last sections end 141 or subtract each other and produce.

For compensating offset angle 150, possible is that responsibility makes up the turbo machine sections that the engineer accurately measures this angle and tilts from sections MANUFACTURER order.This will be called " customization compensation " in the text.Although structure need is interrupted in customization compensation, according to some embodiments, this is for the structure progress and have no adverse effect.This is owing to the following fact: some offshore wind turbines are upright according to the cycle frame in 2 years, and wherein install in 1 year with cable on the basis, and for example in the winter time before the intermittent phase, the residue member of turbo machine is then installation in 1 year.

Therefore, in the embodiment of customization compensation, the structure plan in 1 year can comprise the first pylon sections 101 is fixed in the sea bed.The deviation angle that is produced 150 of the first sections end 141 is through recording and send to sections MANUFACTURER.The structure plan in 1 year can comprise the second pylon sections 102 is installed on the first pylon sections 101 that wherein the following sections end 132 of the second pylon sections is to tilt with deviation angle 150 angle same.Therefore, in Fig. 2, reference number 150 is also represented the tilt angle of 102 times sections ends 132 of second sections.

Therefore, the tilt angle of the second wind turbine sections underpart is suitable for compensating the mistake standard of the first pylon sections.Possible is only compensate with the mistake of the bigger deviation angle of ratio deviation threshold value accurate.For example, offset threshold can be in up in 0.7 ° the scope, for example 0.5 °.

According to typical embodiment, the tilt angle of underpart is at least 0.5 °, specifically is at least 1.0 °, and even more particularly at least 1.5 °.According to embodiment, the tilt angle of underpart is 2.5 ° to the maximum, specifically is maximum 2.0 °, and even more particularly maximum 1.5 °.

The upper end portion that Fig. 3 shows first sections 101 can be inclination.Usually, when mentioning wind turbine tower sections end in the literary composition, expression be the surface of this end.The plane of the surface of sections end for being limited corresponding sections end.This surface is generally two dimensional surface.

According to the diagram of amplifying, the upper end portion 141 of first sections has tilt angle 161.As used herein, the tilt angle of sections end will be taken as be end surface 141 with respect to and sections longitudinal axis plane orthogonal 151 between the angle.Therefore, having aclinal sections like standard pylon sections used in wind turbine, also is that its end surface is 0 ° with respect to the tilt angle with its longitudinal axis plane orthogonal.

In some cases, possibly become is clear that, first sections is fixed to ground causes the deviation angle 100 between pylon sections and the vertical line at the end.In an illustrated embodiment, the deviation angle 100 that equates with deviation angle 150 makes it add on the tilt angle 161 of upper end portion 141.Therefore; Vertically aim in order to make second sections 102; The underpart 132 of second sections must provide tilt angle 172, tilt angle that this tilt angle 172 is the first pylon sections upper end 161 with because of the non-summation that is completely fixed caused deviation angle 151 of first sections.

Fig. 4 shows wherein, and the second pylon sections 102 has the embodiment of two inclined end portion 132 and 142.More specifically, underpart 132 is with respect to having tilt angle 172 with sections longitudinal axis plane orthogonal, and upper end portion 142 is with respect to having tilt angle 182 with sections longitudinal axis plane orthogonal.

According to embodiment, two or more sections can be provided with one or more inclined end portion.In the embodiment shown in Fig. 4, the 3rd pylon sections 103 with body 3 is shown and is installed on the second pylon sections 102.The 3rd pylon sections has the underpart 133 of inclination.In a single day the tilt angle makes and is installed on the second pylon sections 102 that then the 3rd pylon sections 103 is vertically directed.Therefore, can be expressed as 182 at 133 places, underpart of the 3rd pylon sections 103 in an illustrated embodiment with respect to tilt angle with sections longitudinal axis plane orthogonal.

Provide at least two sections that have one or more inclined end portion respectively to allow member angular adjustment relative to each other.This is the steadily and surely a kind of of directed wind turbine vertically and method flexibly.Through sections is pivoted relative to each other, the overall angle that is produced can be adjusted to so that go up sections (for example, the 3rd sections) and vertically aims at.The maximum deviation of tilt angle summation can this kind mode be proofreaied and correct.For example; If having, first sections reaches 2 ° deviation angle; And the combination of the underpart 133 of the upper end portion 141 of first sections 101, the underpart 132 of second sections and upper end portion 142 and the 3rd sections 103 has 0.5 ° tilt angle, then might relative to each other and with respect to first sections pivot the compensating offset angle through making second sections and the 3rd sections.As a result, the upper end portion of the 3rd sections is flatly aimed at, and can be mounted thereon so that have other sections (not shown) of non-inclined end portion.

According to embodiment, have length that a pylon sections of at least one inclined end portion can have less than 10m, more specifically be less than 5m, or or even less than 3m, like 1m.Be not less than in length under the situation of 2m, this sections also can comprise the door that is used to get into and leave wind turbine.This sections will be as the transition sections.

According to embodiment, with regard to the orientation, aim at therein such as the inside pylon equipment of cable, lift, ladder etc.Concrete is that the length of sections can be configured such that it need not be fixed to internal power equipment on this sections (for example, the wall of this sections).Definite, possible is that inner pylon equipment can extend to the pylon sections of its below from the pylon sections on its top.This will further make the structure of wind turbine easy.

Also possible is that the sections with at least one inclined end portion provides one or more taking in units to take in and the mounting shipping berth.For example, this taking in unit can comprise the hole that is used to take in bolt, pin, screw etc.Taking in unit also can be shaped to particularly and be suitable for recess or protuberance fixing and arrangement boats and ships berth.Because main wave direction is generally depended in the position in boats and ships berth; This wave direction has the time lag relevant with wind direction then again; And confirm by the deviation angle of first sections owing to have the orientation of the sections of at least one inclined end portion, so the boats and ships berth taking in unit around the sections circle distribution can be provided usually.This has guaranteed that the boats and ships berth can be positioned on the leeward side of wind turbine (given main wave wind direction).

Fig. 5 will illustrate the pylon sections according to embodiment described herein.Second sections 102 is shown and is shelved on the position at the end, ground.In order to be installed on the wind turbine, sections must half-twist.Although underpart 132 does not tilt, there is inclination upper end portion 142.

When manufacturing has the sections of inclined end portion, must consider following situation: if the incising circular sections makes the end to tilt simply, then the shape of end circumference will become ellipse as shown in Figure 6.Selected tilt angle is big more, and then corresponding sections end will become more oval.

Therefore, inclined end portion can not produce through cutting the sections end simply with the inclination mode usually.To be coupled at this sections flange during the structure of wind turbine tower such as the sections flange of lower protruding edge 112 and upper flange 162 and will fix on the corresponding flange of sections on it.In most of the cases, it is identical to be used for the number in the hole in number and the inclined sections end flange in hole of bolt, pin, screw etc. of the flange of non-inclined sections end.Locate with the mode of equidistance usually in the hole.The flange of inclined end portion is generally round-shaped.

Therefore, in order to make the sections with at least one inclined end portion, people can select from following option.

At first, only have at sections under the situation of an inclined end portion, in the adjacent area of flange with the sections shape from the cylindrical ellipse that is modified to.If sections cuts into the tilt angle with expectation, then its elliptical shape makes the sections end become circular cross-section.In other words, if sections is orthogonal to its longitudinal axis cutting, then the end will have oval circumference.Yet, because its slight inclination ground cutting, thereby compensated elliptical shape, make the end circumference that is produced be circular and be coupled on the other sections.In Fig. 5, adjacent area is with 222 expressions.

Owing to only compensation is reached the tilt angle of 2 ° or maximum 3 °, so the minor axis of the elliptical cross-sectional shape of this sections and the ratio between the long axis are less than 3%, for example 1%.Elliptical shape can be realized through hammering, welding or through on sections, applying pulling force.

The second, have under the situation at equal tilt angle at the place, two ends at sections with two inclined end portion, this sections all forms elliptical shape on whole sections.As shown in Figure 7, inclined orientation is in direction respect to one another usually, also promptly is shifted 180 °.Yet the top inclination also can be shifted between 60 ° to 120 ° for example 90 ° with respect to the orientation that the below tilts.

The 3rd, have at sections under the situation of two different inclined end portion of tilt angle, sections forms ellipse at a flange place, and forms the ellipse with different semi-major axis linear dimensions at another flange place.Be similar to mentioned abovely, the transition between circle and the elliptical shape realizes in the adjacent area of a flange therein.

Although this explanation provides with respect to second sections 102 and upper end portion 142, it also can be applicable to other sections, for example first sections or the 3rd sections, and other end, and for example the underpart 132.

Fig. 8 shows the embodiment of the wind turbine with the pylon 12 that is made up of three sections.Usually, identical embodiment can be provided with two altogether, four or even more sections.In the diagram of Fig. 8, first sections 101 has sunk in the sea bed 300.Therefore, this sections is vertically aimed at, thereby this sections is with respect to vertical line 120 slight inclination.This mistake is accurate to be compensated through the second pylon sections 102, and the underpart 132 of this second pylon sections 102 is so that the vertically directed such angle tilt of residue turbo machine pylon.Usually, the tilt angle is less than 15 ° or even less than 10 °.The upper end portion 142 of second sections 102 is flatly aimed at.Other sections of the 3rd sections 103 shown in Fig. 8 can be installed on it.According to embodiment, therefore other sections has non-inclined end portion.Other details of embodiment shown in this Fig is similar or identical with shown in Fig. 2 or Fig. 3 those.Therefore in Fig. 8, omit its repetition.

Fig. 9 shows the embodiment that the second pylon sections 102 wherein has two inclined end portion.The mistake that first sections 101 is produced is accurate by provide its inclination underpart 132 to provide its inclination underpart 133 to compensate with Qi Fei inclination upper end portion 143 with its inclination upper end portion 142 and to the 3rd sections 103 to second sections 102.Therefore, the sections of the 3rd sections and Geng Gao is vertically aimed at like the 4th sections 104.Other details of embodiment shown in this Fig is similar or identical with shown in Fig. 4 those.Therefore in Fig. 9, omit its repetition.

Except shown in Fig. 9, the embodiment shown in Figure 10 also shows the door 230 that is used to get into wind turbine.Door 230 is generally the part of the sections with at least one inclined end portion.In the present embodiment, door is provided in second sections, and this second sections has two ends of inclination.Yet also possible is that door is provided in the sections that only has an inclined end portion.Be not limited to the embodiment of Figure 10, the length of sections as described herein reaches 15m usually, more particularly reaches 10m, and even more particularly reaches 5m.

Measurement result according to wind direction is clear that, in most of the cases, wind direction is not complete level, but also is made up of vertical component.This is called " upper reaches wind ", because the common points upwards of vertical component.Find, can realize with respect to vertical line slight inclination orientation through making rotor plane from the ceiling capacity output of wind turbine.Usually possible is this inclination that realizes rotor through the pylon that slight inclination is provided.For example, if expect 4 ° of rotor tilt, the wind turbine tower that has 4 ° can be provided then.Be vertically directed turbo machine pylon although illustrate up to the present related purpose, described embodiment also can be used for providing the pylon of slight inclination, as reaches 6 ° angle, for example between 3 ° to 5 °.Embodiment as herein described allows the inclination that any kind is provided basically, as long as at one or more sections place corresponding inclined end portion is provided.

According to the embodiment shown in so far, wind turbine is the single pile turbo machine, wherein at any set point place along the pylon height, a pylon sections only is provided.For example, in the scope of diameter between 4m to 8m of this kind pylon sections, specifically be between 5m to 7m.

Figure 12 will illustrate wherein that wind turbine is the embodiment of many turbo machines, and wherein pylon can comprise a plurality of sections at the set point place along the pylon height.Generally speaking, pylon is many pylons in the turbo machine bottom, and is the single pile pylon on turbo machine top.In the scope of the diameter of many sections between 0.5m to 3m, more particularly between 1m to 2.5m.

Described wind turbine tower sections, wind turbine and method can be applied to many pylon technology similarly.According to exemplary embodiments; The method that is used for upright many pylons of frame comprises at least two first pylon sections is fixed to sea bed; Measure the deviation angle of at least one first pylon sections upper end; And the corresponding second pylon sections is provided, wherein, at least one second pylon sections has at least one inclined end portion.The tilt angle is usually corresponding to measured deviation angle.

In Figure 12, show two first sections 1101 and 2101.In typical embodiment, three first sections are provided and it has been sunk in the sea bed 300.The upper end portion 1141 of first sections and 2141 with respect to angle that horizontal line produced through record and with its with the expectation angle relatively.Difference is deviation angle.Can deviation angle be informed MANUFACTURER, and MANUFACTURER can provide corresponding second sections.Although only show two

second sections

1102 and 2102 among Figure 12, three second sections are provided in many examples.Second sections that is provided has the underpart of inclination usually, and wherein the tilt angle specifically equals deviation angle measured and calculating.

According to typical assembling, the flange of the second sections underpart is fixed on the flange on the first sections upper end portion.According to shown in diagram, the flange 1112 of second sections 1102 is fixed on the flange 1111 of first sections 1101, and the flange 2112 of second sections 2102 is fixed on the flange 2111 of first sections 2101.As shown in the figure, possible is that second sections is for example joined at the 3rd sections 103 places at the place, end above that.The 3rd sections can be single pile.

Under the situation of many pylons, described embodiment not only helps to make sections to aim at along the direction of expectation, but also be embodied as a plurality of sections might be joined at the desired locations place.In other words, aim at the accurate location that sections is also allowed the sections upper end portion through using said embodiment, so that for example it can be fixed on other sections, or on the single pile sections.

Described system and method is allowed provides the wind turbine tower of aiming at fully.Joint etc. no longer need be in the milk.The workload that needs at sea to accomplish is able to reduce, and has improved the general stability and the persistency of turbo machine pylon.

In addition, according to embodiment as herein described, for example can with comparatively simple and easy and fast mode make the offshore wind turbine tower vertically aim at.Particularly, have under the situation of inclined end portion, improved the flexibility that makes up, reduced overall manufacture cost, and made logistics easy at least two pylon sections.

In addition,, provide a kind of being used for that the pylon sections is fixed to the ground method at the end according to an aspect of present disclosure, and the method that is used for the upright wind turbine of frame.In addition, a kind of ABAP Adapter that in wind turbine makes up, uses is provided.These methods and ABAP Adapter are used for the offshore wind turbine particularly.

According to an aspect, be used for the pylon sections is fixed to the method at the end, ground and comprise sections is provided; ABAP Adapter is provided on the upper end portion of sections; And utilize tup to clash into ABAP Adapter.

According on the other hand, a kind of ABAP Adapter is provided, it is configured in order to be seated on the wind turbine sections.This ABAP Adapter can bear the for example bump of tup, and can applied force be passed to sections.

Figure 11 shows the exemplary embodiment of ABAP Adapter, and shows the first pylon sections is fixed to the method for ground in the end.Therefore, the first pylon sections 101 will sink in the sea bed 300.For this reason, ABAP Adapter 400 is positioned on the upper end portion 141 of sections 101.According to typical embodiment, as illustrated in fig. 11 equally, ABAP Adapter has the flange 420 that is positioned on its underpart 410, and this flange 420 is configured to mate in order to the flange 111 with the first pylon sections 101.Possible is that ABAP Adapter is emplace on the upper end portion of first sections, and clashes into beginning.As alternative, ABAP Adapter can temporarily be fixed to through connection set such as bolt, pin, screw etc. on first sections so that bump.

ABAP Adapter has the upper end portion 430 that is configured in order to take in tup 500.Tup 500 clashes into the upper end portion 430 of ABAP Adapter times without number, so that apply power towards sea bed.ABAP Adapter is passed to first sections 101 with power.Take this, first sections sinks in the sea bed 300.

According to typical embodiment, the upper surface 430 that is used to bear from the bump of hammer ram has the diameter less than ABAP Adapter 400 lower surfaces 410.It is circular that surface configuration is generally.The representative diameter scope of underpart 410 between 3m to 10m more specifically is between 5m to 10m.The representative diameter scope of upper end portion 430 is between 0.5m to 3m, more particularly between 1m to 2m.

According to embodiment, the ABAP Adapter between upper end portion and the underpart be shaped as tapered, specifically be conical.According to embodiment, the member of ABAP Adapter for re-using.For example, ABAP Adapter can be transported to first sections and make up the place.First sections is being fixed to ground, ABAP Adapter can be transported back on the bank at the end.Possiblely be, it is upright that this ABAP Adapter is used further to the frame of other wind turbine, possibly be after the making regular check on and repair of ABAP Adapter.

In certain embodiments, the flange 420 of ABAP Adapter 400 is highly stable, so that it keeps lower protruding edge for that put down and not impaired.This can realize like the add-in card that strengthens cone or be installed on the ABAP Adapter underpart through reinforcing element is provided to flange 420.For example, in Figure 11, show reinforcing element 425.Reinforcing element is a flange in the radial direction extension part.Because this extension part, the flange of ABAP Adapter 400 on diameter greater than the flange of first sections 101.In addition; Extension part also has the member on the ABAP Adapter axial direction (axial direction of ABAP Adapter is meant the direction that is orthogonal to radial direction between upper end portion and the underpart), thereby the flange 111 of allowing first sections 101 is coupled in the underpart 410 of ABAP Adapter smoothly and becomes in the underpart 410 that embeds ABAP Adapter.This has guaranteed the good fit between the pylon flange, and this cooperation conforms with expectation for the hammer ram operation of avoiding destroying.

In addition, ABAP Adapter can have than the increase wall thickness of wind turbine tower sections thickness.For example, this thickness can be 50mm at least, 80mm at least more particularly, or or even 100mm at least.The flange of ABAP Adapter can have the thickness of at least 1.5 times of the sections thickness waiting to ram in the sea bed.According to embodiment, ABAP Adapter can be suitable for taking in the sections with inclined end portion.Particularly, ABAP Adapter is enhanced to transverse force and the shearing force that makes its tolerance be derived from the tup vertical motion, and this is the motion that is applied to wind turbine tower sections upper end portion via ABAP Adapter, especially under the tilt angle reaches 2 ° situation.

As to the alternative shown in Figure 11, the extension part of adapter flange 420 also can be in the radial direction towards central axis (and pointing to away from the center as shown in Figure 11) location.Therefore, the flange of ABAP Adapter can be provided with reinforcing element usually, for example is positioned on the inward flange edge or the flange extension of outward flange edge.

In addition, underpart 410 can be provided with stiffening plate and is used to tolerate pressure in the radial direction and the power along the ABAP Adapter underpart.

Than the construction method that the inventor knew, the method that is proposed has prevented by the heavy damage of hammer ram cause to first sections, 101 upper end portions 141.At first, ABAP Adapter allow between ABAP Adapter and the first sections upper end portion continuously with the contacting of qualification.The second, tup can directly not clash into sections.For example, directly clash in those methods of first sections, 101 upper end portions at hammer ram, it is accurate with respect to certain mistake of upper end portion 141 that tup possibly take place.This can cause the power of the specific location in the upper end portion to increase, and therefore can cause the destruction to the first sections upper end face, for example to the destruction of flange 111.

Above-detailed be used for the exemplary embodiment of the system and method for offshore wind turbine.This system and method is not limited to specific embodiment as herein described, and opposite, the member of this system and/or the step of method can be used with other member as herein described and/or step independently and dividually.Definite, exemplary embodiment also can combine many other rotor blades should be used for carrying out and using.

Although shown in some figure and at other not shown various embodiments' of the present invention special characteristic, this only is for ease.According to principle of the present invention, any characteristic among the width of cloth figure can combine any characteristic in any other accompanying drawing to come reference and/or require protection.

This written description has used the instance that comprises optimal mode to come open the present invention, and also makes those of ordinary skill in the art can embodiment of the present invention, comprises making and using any device or system and carry out any method that combines.Although preceding text disclose various certain embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that spirit and the scope of claim allow equal effectively remodeling.Particularly, the characteristic of the mutual non-mutual repulsion of the foregoing description can be bonded to each other.The patentable scope of the present invention is defined by the claims, and can comprise other instance that those of ordinary skill in the art visualizes.If the literal language that these other instances have with claim does not have the various structure element; If perhaps these other instances comprise the equivalent constructions element that does not have essence difference with the literal language of claim, think that then these instances are within the scope of claim.

Claims

1. wind turbine tower sections (102) that is used for wind turbine comprising:

Wind turbine tower sections body (2) with longitudinal axis (122); And

First end (141) and the second end (142);

Wherein, in said first end and the said the second end surface of at least one with respect to the said longitudinal axis and the out of plumb of said wind turbine tower sections.

2. wind turbine tower sections according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; The surface of said first end and said the second end is all with respect to the said longitudinal axis and the out of plumb of said wind turbine tower sections; Wherein, What the non-perpendicular surface of said first end and said the second end was optional is the opposite ends place that is positioned at said wind turbine tower sections, and said longitudinal axis and the said non-perpendicular surface at said opposite ends place that is positioned at said wind turbine tower sections optional be to differ from one another.

3. according to each described wind turbine tower sections in the aforementioned claim; It is characterized in that; Angle between said longitudinal axis and the said non-perpendicular surface is at least 3 °, and/or in said first end and the said the second end at least one formed by inclined flange (162).

4. according to each described wind turbine tower sections in the aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that said wind turbine tower sections comprises door (230).

5. wind turbine tower sections according to claim 1 is characterized in that the length of said wind turbine tower sections is 10 meters to the maximum, is chosen as 5 meters.

6. a wind turbine (10) comprises at least one according to each described wind turbine tower sections in the aforementioned claim, and optional is to comprise two according to each described wind turbine sections (101,102 in the aforementioned claim; 102,103).

7. one kind is used for the method that frame founds wind turbine (10), comprising:

The first wind turbine tower sections with longitudinal axis is provided;

The second wind turbine tower sections with longitudinal axis and first end and the second end is provided, and wherein, the surface of at least one is with respect to the said longitudinal axis and the out of plumb of said wind turbine tower sections in said first end and the said the second end; And

The said second wind turbine tower sections is installed on the said first wind turbine tower sections.

8. method according to claim 7 is characterized in that, said method also comprises at least one in following:

The said longitudinal axis of the said first wind turbine tower sections of-measurement is with respect to the deviation angle (100) of vertical line; And

The upper end face of the said first wind turbine tower sections of-measurement is with respect to horizontal deviation angle (150);

What wherein, the tilt angle of the inclined end portion of the said second wind turbine tower sections was optional is the deviation angle that records corresponding to the said first wind turbine tower sections.

9. according to claim 7 or the described method of claim 8; It is characterized in that; At least two longitudinal axis and at least one ends of off plumb in the said first wind turbine tower sections, the said second wind turbine tower sections and other wind turbine tower sections with its surface with respect to said wind turbine tower sections, and said method also comprises:

-at least one said wind turbine tower sections is pivoted with respect to other wind turbine tower sections.

10. according to each described method in claim 7 to the claim 9, it is characterized in that said method also comprises:

-the said first wind turbine sections is sunk at the end, said ground (300), thereby optional be to sink to comprise:

-ABAP Adapter (400) is positioned on the top of the said first wind turbine sections; And

-power is applied on the said ABAP Adapter (400).