CN102372069A - Method for ship-ship transshipment salvation in heavy stormy waves - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for ship-ship transshipment salvation in heavy stormy waves. A vehicle and a rudder are operated and controlled to be pushed laterally for basically keeping the head windward by using the function of a wind flow pressure to ship displacement and head turning and combining characteristics of ship types of salvation ships without anchoring, cabling and a power positioning system, so that the lateral pressure and the head turning force of wind flow are regulated to be within a controllable range, and a windward angle is properly regulated within a certain small range to ensure that the size of the lateral pressure and the direction of the action of the wind flow to the salvation ships are changed so that the positions of the salvation ships are relatively stable or the salvation ships are displaced towards the beneficial direction and further the salvation ships are controlled to be stably and rapidly approach to a ship meeting with a mishap, and the distance capable of carrying out transshipment operation with the ship meeting with the mishap is 3-10m, the distance and the position of the ship meeting with the mishap are kept relatively stable, and emergence transshipment operation of personal, materials and equipment between the ships on the sea is realized. The method has the characteristics of rapidness, safety, low risk and high success rate.

Description

Ship-to-ship transhipment rescue skills in a kind of high sea

Technical field:

The present invention relates to the marine salvage technical field, is ship-to-ship transhipment rescue skills in the high sea specifically.

Background technology:

Marine ships is in danger often to be occurred in the high sea, and at this moment, the most frequently used rescue skills is exactly that rescue ship leans on last ship in danger that the ship's staff is connect down, and wrecking equipment, goods and materials or the traction accessory perhaps be badly in need of to ship transhipment in danger are escaped danger ship in danger and personnel's integral body.

The enforcement of these rescue actions all needs rescue ship to lean on or could accomplish near ship in danger, has by the adoptable method of ship in danger at present: (1) rescue ship band cable comes on the ship in danger; (2) rescue ship casts anchor in ship windward in danger, and stern is near ship in danger; (3) be furnished with the novel rescue ship of dynamic positioning system (DPS), can adopt relative target mode, the control rescue ship is near ship in danger, and the holding position is relatively stable; There is following defective in above-mentioned three kinds of methods:

(1) existing is the method by board band cable in danger by what get into danger the maximum employings of ship relief; This method only is suitable for good weather conditions, when marine stormy waves is big, in this way by ship in danger; Dangerous situation or accidents such as disconnected cable, two ships run foul of each other very easily take place; And because running foul of each other of continuing between two ships makes rescue action to carry out, when especially a large amount of personnel need shift; This in addition band cable leans on the method for ship relief, is in an emergency and the ship personnel that will get into danger all connect following time in relief, can't take off hawser fast, avoids risk.

(2) adopt ship the place ahead in danger to cast anchor near the method for ship in danger; Be adapted at carrying out in the high sea rescue operation; But be only applicable to the ship band cable in danger that the people is arranged; When unmanned boat is implemented relief, still at first will be with the cable personnel to deliver on this ship by ship in danger, just implement then to cast anchor and be with the operation of towing cable; The method of casting anchor is the bow of the stern of rescue ship near ship in danger; The one, this operation length that expends time in, the 2nd, often, need to keep the distance of 10-30 rice because reason such as anchor chain is arranged before the ship in danger; The rescue ship suspension arm of crane can't be cross on the ship in danger, and operations such as hanging basket transhipment can't be implemented.

(3) utilizing the dynamic positioning of vessels system near ship in danger, at first is that there be limited evidence currently of has rescue ship to be equipped with the dynamic positioning of vessels system; It two is that present dynamic positioning of vessels system can only adapt to the boats and ships control below 3 grades of sea situations, under the high sea situation, can't play a role; The 3rd, dynamic positioning system (DPS) be perception distinguished and admirable, be changed to parameter according to the relative position of rescue ship and ship in danger; Calculate operating load or the parameter that car, rudder, thruster should adopt through machine solution; Realize the adjustment that automatically resets after boats and ships are subjected to displacement; The holding position of can not taking measures in advance, more can not initiatively adjust first to, utilize distinguished and admirable pressure to adjust position of ship.

Summary of the invention:

The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned prior art; And the boats and ships control method of the transhipment of ship-to-ship in a kind of high sea relief is provided, it is limited and cause succouring the problem of failing and secondary dangerous situation taking place mainly to solve in the existing high sea ship relief safety in danger and operability difference and boats and ships condition.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved in that ship-to-ship transhipment rescue skills in a kind of high sea, it is characterized in that it comprises the steps:

A is near ship in danger, and after rescue ship was reached the spot, first facining the wind near ship in danger when arriving board in danger, kept bow direction just against the wind, and transverse distance is a 10-30 rice, serviceable car, rudder, thruster, with head to living with lengthwise position is stable; Should keep a close eye on the safety distance that keeps well-to-do this moment, prevent first to the adjustment period between, bump with ship in danger, and avoid occurring the big dihedral that facings the wind and become powerful blast, cause the hard case that makes about;

To drawing close, after the lengthwise position of rescue ship was stabilized in suitable transhipment rescue operation position, utilization thruster and rudder made bow move to ship one lateral deviation in danger to b to ship in danger, 10 ° of wind-engagings of outer topside, and the conicity force of distinguished and admirable pressure is pushed boat to ship one side shifting in danger; Should avoid occurring the big leeway that is difficult to resist this moment;

The c holding position is stable; When rescue ship when ship transverse distance in danger is 10 meters; Rapid first thruster cooperates the car rudder, with bow to pulling to state just against the wind; And, make the position of rescue ship remain on the position that is fit to carry out between two ships goods and materials, personnel's transhipment for a long time with the distinguished and admirable effect of pushing boat backward of car counteracting; Stablizing the operation at accommodation can carry out in gradation, is close to a certain degree, recovers once just against the wind, and if the distance is too far can't transport rescue operation, can repeat the operation of above-mentioned steps, and gradation is progressively near ship in danger;

D transports relief, adopts hanging basket, downhill race rope or inflatable slideway mode, transit staff, equipment or rigging;

In the reality relief, because the unstability of distinguished and admirable influence, rescue ship is difficult to keep constant with ship relative position in danger for a long time; When rescue ship too closely has the danger of mutual collision near ship in danger, in the time of two ship spacings need being widened, utilization thruster and rudder are with bow topside wind-engaging in adjusting to; The angle is about 10 ° down with the wind, and distinguished and admirable pressure is pushed boat and moved laterally, and two ships distance progressively widens; Arrive the safe distance that is fit to operation; The method of utilization above-mentioned steps is recovered state just against the wind, continues the transhipment salvage operation; Thereby need constantly repeat the operation of above-mentioned steps, deck plane carries out intermittent operation based on situation, accomplishes up to the transhipment relief is final.

Utilize method of the present invention near the main advantage of ship in danger to be: one is to remain certain distance between two ships, can effectively prevent the collision between two ships; The 2nd, solved the problem of band cable by ship time ejection escape difficulty in danger and easily disconnected cable; The 3rd, can rescue ship be close on the distance of being convenient to crane transhipment and the position, implement rescue operation such as hanging basket transit staff, goods and materials fast, can also be directly with downhill race rope, climb mode such as the equipment crewman that will get into danger and be transported on the rescue ship rapidly; The 4th, through adjusting the displacement of wind angle on the bow adjustment boats and ships, rescue ship, the metastable method of ship in danger in advance; To be unfavorable for the powerful stream pressure that ship in danger is handled near ship in danger; Convert the exterior power that rescue ship moves to the relevant position into; Be easy to regulation and control, also alleviated simultaneously rescue ship car, rudder, thruster and overcome the operating load of powerful distinguished and admirable pressure, can effectively reduce high sea relief medium power equipment overload and cause rescue ship self danger out of control.

More feasible method in ship-to-ship transhipment rescue skills and the high sea rescue operation in a kind of high sea of the present invention-cast anchor is compared near the method for ship in danger has substantive distinguishing features and the marked improvement of giving prominence to as follows; 1, do not cast anchor, not with cable, do not need under the situation of dynamic positioning system (DPS), in conjunction with the ship type characteristics of salvage ship, utilize distinguished and admirable pressure to the boats and ships displacement with change first effect; Handle car, rudder, thruster; Basic keep first and facing the wind, with distinguished and admirable lateral pressure with change first moment and be adjusted in the controlled range, and through certain among a small circle in suitable adjustment angle down with the wind; Change the size and the action direction of the distinguished and admirable lateral pressure that rescue ship is produced; Make the rescue ship position relatively stable or to favourable direction displacement, so the control rescue ship steadily, quickly near ship in danger, and ship in danger between transport operation; 2, be particularly suitable for the transhipment of distress personnel, equipment; 2, have more fast, safety, low-risk characteristics, success ratio is high, avoids or reduce having an accident in the high sea relief and damaging; 3, adaptive surface is wider, no matter transit staff, equipment still rigging all be suitable for, transhipment such as hanging basket, downhill race rope, inflatable slideway ship's staff's in danger mode all is suitable for.

The specific embodiment:

Understand and enforcement for better, the present invention is further specified below in conjunction with embodiment.

Embodiment 1, and after rescue ship arrived scene in danger, head facingd the wind near ship in danger under the high sea condition, arrives when getting into danger board; Keep bow direction just against the wind, the wave is high gets 10-30 rice for a short time and be advisable serviceable car, rudder, thruster for the transverse distance apparent wind; To living with lengthwise position is stable, should keep a close eye on the safety distance that keeps well-to-do this moment with head, prevent first to the adjustment period between; Bump with ship in danger, and avoid occurring the big dihedral that facings the wind and become powerful blast, cause the hard case that makes about;

After the lengthwise position of rescue ship is stabilized in suitable transhipment rescue operation position; Utilization thruster and rudder; Bow is moved, 10 ° of left and right sides wind-engagings of outer topside, the at this moment conicity force of distinguished and admirable pressure to ship one lateral deviation in danger; Push boat to ship one side shifting in danger, should avoid occurring the big leeway that is difficult to resist this moment;

In the time of in arriving 10 meters from ship transverse distance in danger; Rapid first thruster cooperates the car rudder, with bow to pulling to state just against the wind; And, make the position of rescue ship remain on the position that is fit to carry out between two ships goods and materials, personnel's transhipment for a long time with the distinguished and admirable effect of pushing boat backward of car counteracting;

This is the most critical stage of relief operation, and the commanding of deck operation should keep close writing to each other with operator platform, adjusts more favourable job position and makes prompting timely for the captain handles boats and ships; In the high sea, distinguished and admirable effect and external environment possibly change at any time, and the deck operating personnel will carry out and tackle the variation of boats and ships relative position at any time, suspends the preparation of relief industry; Have any problem when the captain keeps the accommodation, in the time of need significantly dynamically adjusting, also should in time notify the overtime work operating personnel, suspend transhipment relief operation;

Stablizing the operation at accommodation can carry out in gradation, is close to a certain degree, recovers once just against the wind, and if the distance is too far can't transport rescue operation, can repeat the operation of above-mentioned steps, and gradation is progressively near ship in danger;

When rescue ship too closely has the danger of mutual collision near ship in danger, in the time of need two ship spacings being widened, utilization thruster and rudder are with bow topside wind-engaging in adjusting to; The angle is about 10 ° down with the wind, and distinguished and admirable pressure is pushed boat and moved laterally, and two ships distance progressively widens; Arrive the safety distance that is fit to operation; The method of utilization above-mentioned steps is recovered state just against the wind, continues the transhipment rescue operation;

After above-mentioned steps also is used to succour final completion, perhaps meet the manipulation of emergency case ejection escape in the relief;

In the reality relief; Because the unstability of distinguished and admirable influence, rescue ship are difficult to keep constant with ship relative position in danger for a long time, often need constantly repeat the operation of above-mentioned steps; Deck plane carries out intermittent operation based on situation, up to the final completion of transhipment relief.

Ship-to-ship transhipment rescue skills in a kind of high sea of the present invention; Be under the high sea condition; The unrestrained angle of facining the wind through the adjustment rescue ship; Overcome or utilize distinguished and admirable pressure, realize that rescue ship with stable by the phase position of rescue ship, realizes the emergent transhipment operation of personnel, goods and materials, equipment between offshore vessel and the ship.

Claims (1)

1. ship-to-ship transhipment rescue skills in the high sea is characterized in that it comprises the steps:

A is near ship in danger, and after rescue ship was reached the spot, first facining the wind near ship in danger when arriving board in danger, kept bow direction just against the wind, and transverse distance is a 10-30 rice, serviceable car, rudder, thruster, with head to living with lengthwise position is stable;

To drawing close, after the lengthwise position of rescue ship was stablized, utilization thruster and rudder made bow move to ship one lateral deviation in danger to b to ship in danger, 10 ° of wind-engagings of outer topside, and the conicity force of distinguished and admirable pressure is pushed boat to ship one side shifting in danger;

The c holding position is stable, when rescue ship when ship transverse distance in danger is 10 meters, rapid first thruster cooperates the car rudder, and bow to pulling to state just against the wind, and is offset distinguished and admirable effect of pushing boat backward with car, makes the position of rescue ship keep stable;

D transports relief, adopts hanging basket, downhill race rope or inflatable slideway mode, transit staff, equipment or rigging.