CN102371703B - Press device and press method - Google Patents
Press device and press method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102371703B CN102371703B CN201110229914.1A CN201110229914A CN102371703B CN 102371703 B CN102371703 B CN 102371703B CN 201110229914 A CN201110229914 A CN 201110229914A CN 102371703 B CN102371703 B CN 102371703B
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- pump
- pressurization
- control
- pressure
- hydraulic cylinder
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 64
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 55
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 36
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000008393 encapsulating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000009298 Trigla lyra Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
- B30B15/16—Control arrangements for fluid-driven presses
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B1/00—Presses, using a press ram, characterised by the features of the drive therefor, pressure being transmitted directly, or through simple thrust or tension members only, to the press ram or platen
- B30B1/32—Presses, using a press ram, characterised by the features of the drive therefor, pressure being transmitted directly, or through simple thrust or tension members only, to the press ram or platen by plungers under fluid pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
- B30B15/16—Control arrangements for fluid-driven presses
- B30B15/166—Electrical control arrangements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
- B30B15/16—Control arrangements for fluid-driven presses
- B30B15/22—Control arrangements for fluid-driven presses controlling the degree of pressure applied by the ram during the pressing stroke
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
- F15B11/02—Systems essentially incorporating special features for controlling the speed or actuating force of an output member
- F15B11/028—Systems essentially incorporating special features for controlling the speed or actuating force of an output member for controlling the actuating force
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B7/00—Presses characterised by a particular arrangement of the pressing members
- B30B7/02—Presses characterised by a particular arrangement of the pressing members having several platens arranged one above the other
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S100/00—Presses
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Presses (AREA)
- Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a press device and a press method for supplying working oil from a pump to a hydraulic cylinder for pressurization and pressurizing a molding material by a pressurization process for 3 minutes or more, which can save energy during pressurization without complicating a hydraulic circuit and can favorably control pressurization in a low-pressure region. A press device (11) for supplying hydraulic oil from a pump (21) to a pressurizing hydraulic cylinder (14) and pressurizing a molding material (P) through a pressurizing process (H) of 3 minutes or more is provided with the pump (21) capable of controlling the rotation speed and changing the discharge amount by a servo motor (20) or an inverter control motor, and the molding material (P) is pressurized through the pressurizing process (H) including a pressurizing process (B, D) in which a low pressure region of 2MPa or less is set by controlling the pump (21).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to decompressor and the process for stamping supplying with working oil and by more than 3 minutes pressurization operations, moulding material is pressurizeed to pressurization hydraulic cylinder from pump.
Background technology
In the past, as the hot-press arrangement of the lamination for circuit board etc., the device that known patent document 1 is recorded to patent documentation 3 etc.Time for its pressurization operation of hot press of the lamination of circuit board etc. is long, and general is 3 minutes~30 minutes shorter in the situation that, is 30 minutes~2 hours in the situation that of standard, is 2 hours~5 hours longer in the situation that.Therefore, mostly adopt the device of hot plate being made to sandwich construction and can pressurize to multiple moulding materials once.And, because the time of its pressurization operation of hot-press arrangement of the lamination for circuit board etc. is long, therefore sometimes also realize energy-saving as object using the power consumption of the relevant pressurization in minimizing pressing time.In patent documentation 1, as the hydraulic power source of hydraulic mechanism, there is large volumetric pump and low capacity pump, utilize large volumetric pump and low capacity pump to carry out the rising of movable plate, after hot plate sealing, stop the work of large volumetric pump, only utilize low capacity pump to pressurize.But with regard to patent documentation 1, not only the configuration of hydraulic piping or valve becomes complicated, and owing to continuing to make low capacity pump rotation within pressing time, so cannot obtain satisfied result aspect energy-saving.And, because pump always rotates, thus the problem that also exists oil temperature to rise and the problem that produces noise.In addition, in patent documentation 1, use electromagnetic relief valve to carry out pressure control, but especially cannot control accurately in area of low pressure.Therefore, the moulding material that the moulding material that comprise the fragile materials such as glass, the two times punch device of multilager base plate etc. of the device of patent documentation 1 in the laminate to used for solar batteries comprises the resin material that is heated to temperature more than softening point and applying fast the moulding material etc. that easily produces space while suppressing, need the moulding material of low pressure pressurization to carry out in stamping situation, cannot carry out in area of low pressure good pressurized control.
As the corresponding scheme of the problems referred to above, the hot-press arrangement of the crimp force for controlling well area of low pressure is disclosed in patent documentation 2.Patent documentation 2 uses by connecting decompression hydraulic cylinder on the hydraulic cylinder of using in crimping, can control crimp force with the hydraulic pressure lower than pump pressure.But in documents 2, same with documents 1, not only the configuration of hydraulic piping and valve becomes complicated, and because low capacity pump within pressing time continues rotation, therefore cannot obtain satisfied result aspect energy-saving.
On the other hand, the hot-press arrangement directly pressurizeing by the rotation of electric servomotor is disclosed in patent documentation 3.Patent documentation 3, owing to using servo motor, therefore infers that it can carry out the pressurized control of area of low pressure well.But, in patent documentation 3, the in the situation that of long in pressing time, need to make servo motor continue to drive with higher torque, therefore the load of servo motor becomes problem, if select the servo motor corresponding with above-mentioned load, need to use very large-scale servo motor, thereby the problem that exists cost to rise.And, need to make servo motor always drive during pressurization operation, therefore sometimes may not necessarily realize energy-saving.
Prior art document
Patent documentation 1: TOHKEMY 2003-200300 communique (claim 1, Fig. 1)
Patent documentation 2: TOHKEMY 2003-166501 communique (claim 1, Fig. 1)
Patent documentation 3: Japanese kokai publication sho 62-146608 communique (claim 1, the first figure, the second figure)
Summary of the invention
Carrying out as mentioned above in the hot-press arrangement of for a long time pressurization,, also there is respectively the problem aspect energy-saving in the inapplicable electric press device in the past that utilizes the driving force of electric servomotor directly to pressurize in hydraulic stamping apparatus in the past.And, especially want to carry out well the control of area of low pressure, need to install in addition hydraulic cylinder or valve, it is complicated that structure becomes.So, in the present invention, provide the decompressor of supplying with working oil from pump to pressurization hydraulic cylinder and pressurize by more than 3 minutes pressure H ordered pair moulding materials, do not make hydraulic circuit become complicated and can realize the energy-saving while pressurization, and can carry out well decompressor or the process for stamping of the pressurized control of area of low pressure.
The decompressor that the solution of the present invention 1 is recorded, supply with working oil and by more than 3 minutes pressurization operations, moulding material pressurizeed from pump to pressurization with hydraulic cylinder, it is characterized in that, be provided with by servo motor or VFC motor and can control rotating speed and can change the pump of discharge rate, control said pump and also by the pressurization operation that comprises the pressurization operation of setting the area of low pressure below hydraulic pressure 2MPa, moulding material is pressurizeed.
The decompressor that the solution of the present invention 2 is recorded is on the basis of scheme 1, it is characterized in that, between said pump and above-mentioned hydraulic cylinder, do not configure pressure-control valve or flow control valve, by the servo motor of said pump or the control of rotating speed of VFC motor and the control of discharge rate, pressurization is controlled with the working oil of hydraulic cylinder.
The process for stamping that the solution of the present invention 3 is recorded, supply with working oil and by more than 3 minutes pressurization operations, moulding material pressurizeed from pump to pressurization with hydraulic cylinder, it is characterized in that, be provided with by servo motor or VFC motor and can control rotating speed and can change the pump of discharge rate, control said pump and also by the pressurization operation that comprises the pressurization operation of setting the area of low pressure below hydraulic pressure 2MPa, moulding material is pressurizeed.
The process for stamping that the solution of the present invention 4 is recorded, on the basis of scheme 3, is characterized in that, above-mentioned moulding material is the moulding material that comprises fragile material or be heated to the resin material of temperature more than softening point.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows.
Decompressor and the process for stamping of supplying with working oil and by more than 3 minutes pressurization operations, moulding material being pressurizeed with hydraulic cylinder to pressurization from pump of the present invention, can control rotating speed and can change the pump of discharge rate owing to being provided with by servo motor or VFC motor, and control said motor and by the pressurization operation that comprises the pressurization operation of setting the area of low pressure below hydraulic pressure 2MPa, moulding material pressurizeed, therefore do not make hydraulic circuit become complicated and can realize energy-saving, and can carry out well the pressurization of area of low pressure.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the diagrammatic illustration figure of the decompressor of present embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the figure that represents the pressurized control of a circulation of the process for stamping that is equivalent to present embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the figure that represents the control of the main pump in the pressurization operation of area of low pressure of the process for stamping of present embodiment.
In figure:
11-decompressor, 14-pressurization hydraulic cylinder, 17-movable plate, 18a, 18b, 18c-hot plate, 20-servo motor, 21-pump, 22-pump unit, 24-deflection angle control hydraulic cylinder, 25,32,37-electromagnetic change-over valve, 27,30-control device, 28-the first pressure sensor, 33-the second pressure sensor, B-the first low voltage control operation, D-the second low voltage control operation, F-pressurization retentive control operation, the H-operation of pressurizeing.
Detailed description of the invention
Decompressor 11 shown in Fig. 1 is that lamination comprises the decompressor 11 as the multilayer for the solar cell that is shaped of the moulding material of the glass plate of fragile material.In Fig. 1, the structure of decompressor 11 is omitted its part and represent, between the basal disc 12 of below and the upper dish 13 of its top, is connected with not shown multiple connecting rods etc.And, being fixed with pressurization hydraulic cylinder 14 at the downside of basal disc 12, the pressure head 15 that doubles as the piston of pressurization hydraulic cylinder 14 is fixed on the lower surface of movable plate 17.Pressurization is the single-action hydraulic cylinders only with the pressurization 14a of grease chamber with hydraulic cylinder 14.Thereby, make movable plate 17 rise, pressurize by supplying with working oil from pump 21 to the pressurization 14a of grease chamber of pressurization hydraulic cylinder 14.
Be fixed with the movable plate 17 of hot plate 18a and be fixed with at lower surface between the upper dish 13 of hot plate 18b at upper surface, dispose the hot plate 18c of multiple centres in the mode that can be placed on not shown support in the time declining.And, in the present invention to the number of hot plate 18a, 18b, the 18c system of not limiting.Hot plate 18a, 18b, 18c are the plate bodys at upper surface and lower surface with the predetermined thickness of parallel and smooth stamping surface 18d.And, by making the thermophore circulation of steam and cooling water or heat medium oil and refrigeration oil and so in the not shown runner in hot plate, or by being located at electric heater in hot plate and the combination of circulation that flows in the cooling medium in runner, can freely heat up and lower the temperature.On decompressor 11, dispose as the limit switch 19a, the 19b that detect the decline end position of movable plate 17 and the testing agency of rising end position.And decompressor 11 is configured in the vacuum chamber 16 that possesses vavuum pump.
Below the pressurization of decompressor 11 is described with the hydraulic mechanism of hydraulic cylinder 14.As shown in Figure 1, the supply source of the working oil of the hydraulic mechanism of present embodiment is can utilize servo motor 20 to control rotating speed and can change by changing the deflection angle of swash plate the axial poiston pump 21 (being designated hereinafter simply as pump 21) of discharge rate, and entirety forms pump unit 22.Pump 21 is connected with fuel tank 23 by not shown suction filter.The angle of the swash plate of the discharge rate (piston stroke) of regulation pump 21 utilizes deflection angle control hydraulic cylinder 24 to change; Deflection angle control utilizes electromagnetic change-over valve 25 can carry out forward-reverse change with hydraulic cylinder 24.In addition, the angle of swash plate can be utilized according to the ratio switching valve 26 of controlled pressure and automatically adjust according to pressure.And above-mentioned electromagnetic change-over valve 25 carries out conversion and control by the control device 27 of pump unit 22.In addition, be provided with the first pressure sensor 28 on pump unit 22, the force value of detected working oil is sent to the control device 27 of the said pump unit 22 being connected with the first pressure sensor 28.And the control device 27 of pump unit 22 is connected with servo motor 20, transmits and drive signals to servo motor 20 from control device 27.In addition, the rotary encoder 29 that detects the rotation of servo motor 20 is connected with above-mentioned control device 27, for the rotating speed of feedback servo motor 20.And the control device 27 of pump unit 22 is connected with the control device 30 of management decompressor 11 entirety, receives command signal from control device 30.In addition, utilize control device 27, the flow instruction value (the rotating speed control of the control of deflection angle and servo motor 20) based on pump unit 22 and pressure instruction value (the rotating speed control of the servo motor 20 of the control of deflection angle and the detected value based on above-mentioned first pressure sensor 28 etc.) are controlled.
In addition, on the main line 31 that the pressurization 14a of grease chamber with hydraulic cylinder 14 connects from pump 21 to pressurization, be provided with electromagnetic change-over valve 32.And be provided with the second pressure sensor 33 at main line 31 (or directly pressurizeing with on hydraulic cylinder 14 or in the part from main line 31 branches), pressurization is detected by the second pressure sensor 33 with the pressure of the working oil of hydraulic cylinder 14, and is sent to the control device 30 being connected with the second pressure sensor 33.In addition, from main line 31 branches and be provided with pipeline 34 to fuel tank 23, this pipeline 34 for making working oil return to fuel tank 23 in the time making the declines such as movable plate 17.On pipeline 34, be provided with the hydraulic control check valve 35 with flow rate regulating valve.In addition, be connected with the above-mentioned hydraulic control check valve 35 with flow rate regulating valve from the control piper 36 of main line 31 branches, be provided with electromagnetic change-over valve 37 midway at this control piper 36.In the present embodiment, on pump 21 and the loop being communicated with the main line 31 between hydraulic cylinder 14 or with main line 31 of pressurizeing, pressure-control valve or flow control valve are not set.In addition, except the hydraulic mechanism of pump unit 22 mainly utilizes above-mentioned three valves, 32,35,37 work, servo valve or the flow control valve similarly etc. of high price is not set, so can simplify the structure of hydraulic mechanism.
In addition, with regard to the hydraulic control check valve 35 with flow rate regulating valve of hydraulic mechanism of the present invention, can be also the valve only with the function that opens and closes simply pipeline 34, for other valves, also can use other valves with identical function.In addition, in the present embodiment, at pressure rise time, utilize the ratio switching valve 26 of pressure adjustment use to adjust the angle of swash plate, thereby the discharge rate of carrying out the working oil of self-pumping 21 becomes zero, so overflow valve is not set.But, overflow valve also can be installed separately.In addition, in the case of controlling the pump unit 22 of rotating speed, pump 21 be not always in work and not by unwanted oil to fuel tank 23 drainage, so the rising of oil temperature is the degree that can ignore, oil cooler is not set yet.
The laminating molding method of process for stamping, the especially solar cell of the use decompressor 11 to present embodiment describes below.The solar cell that utilizes present embodiment to be shaped is the film-type of silicon system, is the tandem of Pin type.But decompressor 11 of the present invention can also be applied to the lamination operation of the solar cell of other types.Moulding material P used for solar batteries be on glass substrate overlapping post solar cell device with element glass, as the PVB resin of encapsulant or EVA resin, as the structure of the PET resin of protective film.These moulding materials P is except placing and be equivalent to the structure of a set of combinations thereof on a stamping surface 18d of hot plate 18a, 18c, it is also contemplated that as an example overlapping placement 3 overlaps to the structure of 10 covers.And in the time placing, also can and the face that contact of upper and lower stamping surface 18d or respectively overlap between configure padded coaming, in the case, in the time that hot plate seals, can alleviate impact.But, also can not use padded coaming and directly placement.These moulding material P's used for solar batteries is stamping by least comprising the control of carrying out pump 21, and 3 minutes of the pressurization operation that is the area of low pressure below 2MPa by the setting hydraulic pressure p1 (pressure instruction value) that detects with the second pressure sensor 33 of hydraulic cylinder 14 of pressurization pressurization operations are above carried out.
If roughly place respectively closing vacuum chamber 16 of moulding material P on the stamping surface 18d of each hot plate 18a, 18c simultaneously, make vavuum pump work and to carrying out evacuation (decompression) in vacuum chamber 16.And roughly, simultaneously to the thermophore (if the type that packs electric heater on hot plate into is to electric heater energising) of circulate in the passage in hot plate heat medium oil or steam etc., hot plate 18a, 18b, 18c and moulding material P are heated up.As shown in Figure 2, initial hot plate 18a, 18b, the temperature of 18c are 30 DEG C~80 DEG C, and by heating, as an example, make it be warming up to 150 DEG C, are preferably 120 DEG C~200 DEG C left and right, more preferably 130 DEG C~170 DEG C.Along with the temperature rise of hot plate 18a, 18c, the moulding material P being placed produces difference because a side of placed side is first heated in thermal expansion, so seldom there is warpage.In addition, overlapping multiple and complete in the situation that, produce the difference of thermal expansion in the side near hot plate 18,18c with away from an example of hot plate 18,18c.The difference of the upper and lower thermal expansion of these moulding materials P, by the rising of the atmosphere temperature in vacuum chamber 16 with to the heat transfer of moulding material P entirety, again reducing from being placed in the time (5~30 minutes) till starting pressurization.
When placing moulding material P and when vacuum chamber 16 has been carried out to evacuation, pressurization is with the position of the pressure head 15 of hydraulic cylinder 14 in down position, and the rotation of pump 21 has stopped, the state of each valve in Fig. 1.Be that pump 21 and the main line 31 of pressurization between the pressurization 14a of grease chamber of hydraulic cylinder 14 utilize electromagnetic change-over valve 32 to be connected, pressurization is disconnected with the pipeline 34 between hydraulic cylinder 14 and fuel tank 23.Then, as shown in Figure 3, carry signal to drive servo motor 20 and pump 21 is worked by the control device 27 of pump unit 22 from control device 30, to the pressurization of hydraulic cylinder 14 14a of grease chamber transportation work oil for pressurization, start the rising control operation A that makes pressure head 15 and movable plate 17 etc. increase through main line 31.And, with together with the rising of movable plate 17 to middle hot plate 18c the also butt and rising from level to level successively from below.
As shown in Figure 3, in the present embodiment, the deflection angle of the swash plate of the pump 21 while controlling operation A that rises is controlled so as to large deflection angle.And it is 2000rev/min that pump 21 is controlled so as to as its rotating speed of example.But in the time making movable plate 17 grades increase with high speed, the rotating speed of pump 21 as implied above is carried out closed-loop control, and the direct position of movable plate 17 grades and speed are detected, make movable plate 17 risings such as grade by open loop control.Now, the setting hydraulic pressure p1 (pressure instruction value) of the working oil being detected by the first pressure sensor 28 is set to 2.0MPa (2MPa), expand gradually with the volume of the 14a of grease chamber but pressurize along with the rising of movable plate 17 grades, the pressure loss being caused by electromagnetic change-over valve 32 is also large, so pressurization only has 0.2MPa~0.3MPa left and right with the pressure of hydraulic cylinder 14 sides.Thereby, in fact become taking above-mentioned rotating speed (flow instruction value) as preferential control.Just, if arrive 2.0MPa at the detected value of the first pressure sensor 28, be converted to pressure control, make the rotating speed of pump 21 reduce or the ratio switching valve 26 that pressure control is used is worked, change the deflection angle (ending control) of pump 21, discharge rate is reduced or stop discharging.
As shown in Figure 3, if the stamping surface butt of the lower surface of the risings such as movable plate 17 and the moulding material P of hot plate 18a, 18c and hot plate 18b, the 18c of top and confirm that by being configured in to rise locational limit switch 19b detects the fact of hot plate sealing (butt of the lower surface of hot plate 18b, 18c and moulding material P), pressurizes and dwindles rapidly by the pressure differential of the oil pressure of hydraulic cylinder 14 sides and the oil pressure of pump unit 22 sides.In the present embodiment, after above-mentioned hot plate sealing, make the setting hydraulic pressure p1 of the working oil of pump unit 22 sides drop to 0.5MPa, carry out the first low voltage control process B (the pressurization operation of area of low pressure).Now make the rotating speed of pump 21 drop to 40rev/min from 2000rev/min by Control of Voltage, and by utilizing servo motor 20 can be dropped rapidly to the rotating speed of instruction.And till the pressure of the working oil being detected by the second pressure sensor 33 arrives 0.5MPa, pump 21 is with the rotating speed rotation of 40rev/min.Thereby the first low voltage control process B is taking pressure instruction value as preferential, but pressurization may not be constant with the pressure of hydraulic cylinder 14 sides, and the rotating speed (flow instruction value) of initial servo motor 20 is constant.
In the time that the first low voltage control process B starts, send from the control device 27 of pump unit 22 instruction that the deflection angle of pump 21 is converted to small deflection angle from large deflection angle to electromagnetic change-over valve 25.But, be still large deflection angle in the deflection angle of this stage pump 21.This is because to the spring of stablizing swash plate angle being installed with the deflection angle control of pump unit 22 by the relative direction of hydraulic cylinder 24, make not change in the angle of the lower swash plate of low pressure (being below 2.0MPa as an example) on the swash plate of pump 21.The first low voltage control process B is carried out about 5~30 seconds from hot plate sealing, reaches and sets hydraulic pressure p1 (pressure instruction value).And, after approaching, set rotating speed and the setting hydraulic pressure p1 of the servo motor 20 of pump 21 after this hot plate seals or with mould, thereby can freely control pressure and the time of the first low voltage control process B.The setting hydraulic pressure p1 (being mainly the setting hydraulic pressure p1 of the working oil of pump unit 22 sides) of the first low voltage control process B selects between the lower limit 0.3MPa to 2.0MPa of the control as pump unit 22, preferably between 0.3MPa to 1.5MPa, select, in the case of solar cell etc. stamping, more preferably between 0.3MPa~0.8MPa, select.And the rotating speed of pump 21 is below the rotating speed~1000rev/min of lower limit that can instruction, more preferably below the rotating speed~200rev/min of lower limit.
On the other hand, in the hydraulic stamping apparatus of working pressure control valve in the past etc., there are the following problems, even as shown in the dotted line of Fig. 3 the moment in hot plate sealing stop large volumetric pump, also because surge pressure appears in the problem of control lag etc., thereby cannot carry out good low voltage control.But, present embodiment has been used the pump 21 of servo motor 20 to carry out low voltage control operation after hot plate sealing by employing, thereby can change delicately as mentioned above the rotating speed of pump 21, can control the pressure of the pressurization working oil of hydraulic cylinder 14 thereupon, therefore there will not be the situation that detects surge pressure the example of the pump in the past having represented with solid line in Fig. 2 as used.
In addition, in the case of moulding material P used for solar batteries, if there is from starting at first to suppress because surge pressure etc. applies (taking hydraulic pressure benchmark more than 2.0MPa), easily there is the problem in space.And if because the difference of thermal expansion and in band element residual warpage on glass, to apply while suppressing herein quickly, plus-pressure concentrates in the part with element glass, likely break or the defective work of crackle etc.But, in the present invention by carrying out the first low voltage control process B and next the second low voltage control step D with the low pressure of setting below hydraulic pressure 2.0MPa, thereby can produce hardly space or breaking and crackle etc. with element glass.
In addition, in the present embodiment, pressurization is shown with the following formula table of relation that is applied directly to the surface pressing p2 on moulding material P with the setting hydraulic pressure p1 of hydraulic cylinder 14.
Surface pressing p2=(w) the area a2 of ÷ moulding material P of weight of setting hydraulic pressure p1 × hydraulic cylinder pressurization area a1-movable plate etc.
Thus, the surface pressing p2 being applied on moulding material P quite uses the setting hydraulic pressure p1 of hydraulic cylinder 14 lower than pressurizeing.These are also different according to number (number of plies), the weight of moulding material P and the value of area a2, the setting hydraulic pressure p1 of working oil and the pressurization area a1 of hydraulic cylinder of the hot plate 18c for being shaped, and surface pressing p2 becomes 25~60% of setting hydraulic pressure p1.Thereby, if control the pressurization operation of area of low pressure of the present invention by surface pressing, become 1.2MPa following (0.5~1.2MPa).
As shown in Figure 3, in the present embodiment, if the pressure that the first low voltage control process B is detected by the second pressure sensor 33 finished through the scheduled time (being 15 seconds as an example), then turn to the boosting rectifier control operation C of the second low voltage control step D.And the moment that the first low voltage control process B also can arrive predetermined detected value in the value of the first pressure sensor 33 changes.In boosting rectifier control operation C, from the control device 27 of pump unit 22 to servo motor 20 move instructions, make the rotating speed (flow instruction value) of pump 21 be increased to 800rev/min.And, according to the rising degree of setting hydraulic pressure p1, make the control of pressure instruction value rising so that by the actual pressure rise detecting of the second pressure sensor 33.That is, the rotating speed of pump 21 is made as above-mentioned 800rev/min, if but the detected pressures of the second pressure sensor 33 becomes sets hydraulic pressure p1, carry out the preferential closed-loop control of pressure control so that the rotating speed of pump 21 declines.In addition, after the first low voltage control process B, the amount of flow of working oil reduces, and the first pressure sensor 28 taking electromagnetic change-over valve 32 as border pump 21 sides becomes very little with the differential pressure of pressurizeing with the second pressure sensor 33 of hydraulic cylinder 14 sides.
The second low voltage control step D carries out closed-loop control so that the pressurization setting hydraulic pressure p1 (pressure instruction value) being detected by the second pressure sensor 33 of hydraulic cylinder 14 becomes 1.1MPa (surface pressing 0.5MPa), and the rotating speed (flow instruction value) of pump 21 is still maximum 800rev/min.And in the present embodiment, the time of the second low voltage control step D is 5 minutes, is preferably and carries out 3 minutes~20 minutes.In addition, also can not be divided into the first low voltage control process B and the second low voltage control step D but the disposable low voltage control operation of carrying out., do not finish the first pressure control process B even if become setting hydraulic pressure p1 yet, but keep until utilize timer to finish after the scheduled time.In addition, the setting hydraulic pressure p1 of the low voltage control operation that comprises the second low voltage control step D is preferably below 2.0MPa, more preferably below 1.5MPa.And, in the case of the pump unit 22 of present embodiment, can carry out setting control more than hydraulic pressure 0.3MPa, thus under be limited to 0.3MPa.In addition, with regard to being applied to regard to the surface pressing p2 on moulding material P in the low voltage control process B that comprises the first low voltage control process B or the second low voltage control step D, D, be preferably 0.1MPa~1.0MPa, more preferably 0.1MPa~0.7MPa.
If the second low voltage control step D finishes because time is up, turn to next pressurization retentive control operation F (the pressurization operation of relatively high high-pressure area) to carry out boosting rectifier control operation E.Now, the maximum (top) speed of pump 21 is still 800rev/min.In the first boosting rectifier control operation E1 of first half, just after sealing, continue to send the instruction that the angle of the swash plate of pump 21 is changed to large deflection angle at hot plate, if and the pressure that is transported to the working oil of deflection angle control hydraulic cylinder 24 exceedes 2.0MPa, the deflection angle of pump 21 is just converted to small deflection angle from large deflection angle, transfers to the second boosting rectifier control operation E2.If the deflection angle of pump 21 is converted to small deflection angle, pump 21 revolves discharge rate while turning around 1/4 left and right while being controlled so as to large deflection angle, just can make the pressurization pressurization 14a of grease chamber of hydraulic cylinder 14 boost thereby the servo motor 20 of pump 21 is not applied to large load.In addition, if, be made as required low pressure and the deflection angle of pump 21 be converted to small deflection angle and control by hydraulic cylinder 14 sides pressurizeing can be for example since the first low voltage control process B time with the mechanism etc. that always produces certain differential pressure is set on the main line 31 between hydraulic cylinder 14 in pump 21 and pressurization.
Then, after transferring to boosting rectifier control operation E, with within about 20 seconds~1 minute, boosting until the detected pressures of the second pressure sensor 33 becomes predefined pressure (being 3.1MPa as an example in the present embodiment), or after the above-mentioned time, transfer to pressurization retentive control operation F.In pressurization retentive control operation F, continue the rotation of the servo motor 20 of control pump 21 by the preferential closed-loop control of pressure from a upper operation, so that the pressure of the second pressure sensor 33 maintains the 3.1MPa (being converted into surface pressing is 1.5MPa) setting.Particularly, control as follows, if the value of the second pressure sensor 33 becomes 3.1MPa, end for the time being the rotation of servo motor 20, make the servo motor 20 of pump 21 only rotate the amount that is equivalent to leak from pressurization hydraulic cylinder 14 or valve 32,35 etc. because of working oil the pressure declining.Certain lagged value now also can be set., also can become as an example in the value using the second pressure sensor 33 and start again to carry out the rotation of pump 21 lower than the moment of the 3.0MPa that sets hydraulic pressure p1.
In pressurization retentive control operation F, the deflection angle of pump 21 maintains small deflection angle as before, in fact the time compole that pump 21 rotates is short, therefore, with in pressurization retentive control operation F, at least make as in the past low capacity pump continue rotation and by working oil drainage to compared with the situation of fuel tank, can significantly save energy.According to estimation, power consumption can be cut to 1/6~1/9 left and right.In addition, in pressurization retentive control operation F, for moulding material P is pressurizeed, surface pressing p2 is 1.5MPa as an example, is preferably and moulding material P is pressurizeed with the surface pressing p2 of 1.0~3.0MPa.By pressurizeing with above-mentioned surface pressing, can prevent from producing space between the tape cell glass and encapsulant of moulding material P used for solar batteries, between encapsulant and protective film etc.In addition, in the present embodiment, pressurization retentive control operation F by the temperature of hot plate 18a, 18b, 18c be set as mentioned above 150 DEG C, be preferably 120 DEG C~200 DEG C left and right, more preferably 130 DEG C~170 DEG C and carry out 30 minutes.And the time of pressurization retentive control operation F carries out about 5 minutes~50 minutes as preferred scope.Just, as the present invention, overall pressurization step H (during from the first low voltage control process B to step-down control operation G and also comprise boosting rectifier control operation C, E etc.) was envisioned for more than at least 3 minutes by 5 hours.
As shown in Figure 2, if the setting-up time of pressurization retentive control operation F is to the time, secondly transfer to step-down control operation G.Servo motor 20 from control device 27 to pump 21 in step-down control transmits reversion instruction, and controls according to predefined pressure drop degree, to use the actual pressure drop detecting of the second pressure sensor 33.By using servo motor 20 to carry out step-down control, can carry out the operation of step-down control accurately G like this.In the present embodiment, in step-down operation, spend 10 minutes~within 30 minutes, make the value minimizing of pressure sensor and roughly reach normal pressure.And, make to circulate in the passage of cold-producing medium in hot plate with step-down control operation G simultaneously, make the temperature of hot plate 18a, 18b, 18c drop to 50 DEG C from 150 DEG C.
In addition, in step-down control operation G, it is minimum both can making hydraulic control check valve 35 flows with flow rate regulating valve by pipeline 34, and electromagnetic change-over valve 36 is carried out to open and close controlling, make it drop to required pressure, also other valve can be set and control.
And, drop to predetermined value in pressurization by the detected pressures (the second pressure sensor 33) of hydraulic cylinder 14, and the timer of control device 30 has passed through predetermined time (being 60 minutes as an example) afterwards, the decline control operation (not shown) that next declines movable plate 17 and hot plate 18a, 18c.The decline control operation of movable plate 17 grades is as follows, from the state of Fig. 1, electromagnetic change-over valve is carried out excitation and blinds off a line 31, and electromagnetic change-over valve 36 is carried out degaussing and opens the hydraulic control check valve 35 with flow rate regulating valve.So pressurization declines and pressurizes and return to fuel tank 23 with the working oil of the 14a of grease chamber because of the deadweight of movable plate 17 grades with the pressure head 15 of hydraulic cylinder 14.Then, if the fact that detects movable plate 17 and drop to lower limit by limit switch 19a is carried out excitation and is blinded off a line 34 electromagnetic change-over valve 37.And, for the vacuum breaking to the interior importing atmosphere of vacuum chamber 16, in the present embodiment, just before declining completely with the pressure of hydraulic cylinder 14 and hot plate temperature, pressurization starts to carry out, if so movable plate 17 declines, open the door of vacuum chamber 16, and take out the moulding material P that finishes pressurization.
The invention is not restricted to above-mentioned control, can consider various application.For example, boosting rectifier control operation C, E, step-down control operation G are all not limited to the figure shown in Fig. 3, both can boost or step-down with even multiple stages in stage, also can boost or step-down with curve-like.In addition, the position of limit switch 19b also can be arranged on the position before hot plate sealing, detects the position of sealing movable plate 17 before and makes the rotating speed of pump 21 or set hydraulic pressure p1 and reduce.If arrange like this, can carry out hot plate sealing with lower speed, therefore the impact of moulding material P is reduced when butt.And, also can be calculated by the aggregate value of the rotating speed of servo motor 20 current location of movable plate 17, and from then on to the low speed change of rotating speed (deflection angle the change from large deflection angle to the small deflection angle and/or) transfer of rising.In addition, also can movable plate 17 and on coil 13 between setting position sensor, Negotiation speed control is moved movable plate 17.
In addition, the detected value being detected by the first pressure sensor 28 and the second pressure sensor 33 also can be by the form beyond above-mentioned embodiment for controlling.For example, can utilize the detected value of the first pressure sensor 28 to carry out all control, also both detected pressures combinations can be used.Thereby, in the case of the low voltage control process B after movable plate 17 butts such as grade, setting in D are pressed for below 2.0MPa or setting hydraulic pressure for the pressure sensor 28,33 using below 1.5MPa can be pressure sensor arbitrarily.
The pump 21 using is illustrated as an example of axial type piston pump 21 example, but pump 21 as long as controlling and change being equivalent to revolve the discharge rate turning around can be also vane pump as an example.In addition, be applicable to using servo motor 20 for the motor of pump 21, but motor as long as can repeatedly stopping and driving can be also VFC motor as an example in the control of rotating speed and the circulation that is shaped.In addition, pump 21 can be the pump arbitrarily 21 of two-way discharge type, unidirectional discharge type.And, in the present embodiment, be one to the pressurization of a decompressor 11 with the pump 21 that hydraulic cylinder 14 is supplied with working oil, but pump 21 is not limited to one.For example, in the case of the decompressor 11 of the large-scale solar cell of 900mm × 1800mm and so on, imagination pressurization is also 2~6 with hydraulic cylinder 14, and pump 21 is also multiple.Now, both can be corresponding and pump unit 22 is set with hydraulic cylinder 14 with each pressurization, also can utilize flow control valves such as servo valve etc. that the working oil of pump unit 22 is distributed to each hydraulic cylinder 14.Pressurization can be also single-action hydraulic cylinder double acting hydraulic cylinder in addition with hydraulic cylinder 14 in addition.In addition, also can configure the gear pump that does not use servo motor less expensive and that discharge rate is large or piston pump and utilize servo motor etc. can change discharge rate pump the two, in the time of the risings such as movable plate 17, mainly use the above-mentioned gear pump that does not use servo motor etc., before rising finishes or confirm to rise after finishing and stop the above-mentioned pump that does not use servo motor, utilization is controlled with the pump of servo motor etc.
In addition, with regard to decompressor 11, preferably between multilayer hot plate, place from the viewpoint of forming efficiency the structure that moulding material P pressurizes, but can be also the structure of between the stamping surface of two hot plates 18, moulding material P being pressurizeed.And decompressor 11 can be also that the hot plate 18 of upside declines and the structure of pressurizeing.In addition, it is smooth structure that decompressor 11 is not limited to stamping surface, also can be formed by curved surface or male and fomale(M&F) etc., has the formed products of curved surface or male and fomale(M&F) etc. thereby be shaped.And decompressor 11 can be also to make in the horizontal direction movable plate 17, mould, hot plate etc. move and the structure of pressurizeing.
In addition, the moulding material P imagination being shaped by the present invention is solar cell, but can be also in addition to comprise pressurization operation and at least 3 minutes above pressurization operations of setting the area of low pressure below hydraulic pressure 2MPa, and the circuit board that comprises the layer being formed by the raw cook as fragile material etc.And, can be also comprise other as fragile material pass through to suppress be out of shape or circuit board or the circuit board of the metal portion of bending beyond moulding material P.In these moulding materials P, because the problem of the problem of the flatness of the problem of the moulding material P warpage causing because of heat, hot plate 18, upper dish 13 and the depth of parallelism of movable plate 17 etc. is broken or crackle etc. bad applying to produce while suppressing, therefore the present invention is very effective.In addition, the moulding material being shaped by the present invention can be also the moulding material that two times punch device of multilager base plate etc. comprises the resin material that is heated to temperature more than softening point.(no matter be thermoplastic resin, thermosetting resin or their mixture to these softening points, the temperature spot that can be out of shape by exerting pressure) in the above resin situation of pressurizeing, if sometimes apply and suppress at first in pressurization, become thinner than required thickness, or the resin of necessary part flows towards periphery and becomes defective work.Therefore, importantly after firm butt, prevent surge pressure.And, if need to comprise the moulding material of pressurization operation and at least 3 minutes above pressurization operations of setting the area of low pressure below hydraulic pressure 2MPa, can be also other moulding materials.
Claims (4)
1. a decompressor, supplies with working oil and by more than 3 minutes pressurization operations, moulding material is pressurizeed from pump to pressurization with hydraulic cylinder, it is characterized in that,
Be provided with by servo motor or VFC motor and can control rotating speed and can change the pump of discharge rate,
The setting speed of setting hydraulic pressure and pump is set, so that said pump is carried out work under above-mentioned setting speed, if hydrostatic sensor arrives the detected value of regulation, carry out the preferential closed-loop control of pressure control so that the rotating speed of said pump declines or make the discharge rate of said pump reduce or stop, and by the pressurization operation that comprises the pressurization operation of setting the area of low pressure below hydraulic pressure 2MPa, moulding material is pressurizeed.
2. decompressor according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Between said pump and above-mentioned pressurization are with hydraulic cylinder, do not configure pressure-control valve or flow control valve,
By the servo motor of said pump or the control of rotating speed of VFC motor and the control of discharge rate, pressurization is controlled with the working oil of hydraulic cylinder.
3. a process for stamping, supplies with working oil and by more than 3 minutes pressurization operations, moulding material is pressurizeed from pump to pressurization with hydraulic cylinder, it is characterized in that,
Be provided with by servo motor or VFC motor and can control rotating speed and can change the pump of discharge rate,
The setting speed of setting hydraulic pressure and pump is set, so that said pump is carried out work under above-mentioned setting speed, if hydrostatic sensor arrives the detected value of regulation, carry out the preferential closed-loop control of pressure control so that the rotating speed of said pump declines or make the discharge rate of said pump reduce or stop, and by the pressurization operation that comprises the pressurization operation of setting the area of low pressure below hydraulic pressure 2MPa, moulding material is pressurizeed.
4. process for stamping according to claim 3, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned moulding material is the moulding material that comprises fragile material or be heated to the resin material of temperature more than softening point.
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CN103341891B (en) * | 2013-06-22 | 2018-02-02 | 福建农林大学 | Man-made board hot-pressing machine thermophore conveyance conduit constructional device |
CN103331407A (en) * | 2013-07-04 | 2013-10-02 | 天津市天锻压力机有限公司 | Automatic cooling system of upper demoulding mechanism of wheel forging forming hydraulic press |
JP6662365B2 (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2020-03-11 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | Press machine |
JP6724060B2 (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2020-07-15 | 株式会社日本製鋼所 | Press molding machine |
JP7401485B2 (en) * | 2021-06-14 | 2023-12-19 | 株式会社日本製鋼所 | Press equipment and press equipment control method |
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US4963221A (en) * | 1986-09-29 | 1990-10-16 | Kabushiki Kaisha Meiki Seisakusho | Hot press including cam rod penetrating top platen |
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JPS62146608A (en) * | 1985-12-21 | 1987-06-30 | Meiki Co Ltd | Multistage press device |
JP2000271798A (en) * | 1999-03-25 | 2000-10-03 | Konica Corp | Device for press-working boat-shaped member for body of cartridge, device for sticking shielding cloth to boat- shaped member, sticking method and device for feeding base stock of blank for boat-shaped member to press working device or sticking shielding cloth |
JP2003166501A (en) * | 2001-11-28 | 2003-06-13 | Meiki Co Ltd | Compression force control method of press |
JP3802805B2 (en) * | 2001-12-28 | 2006-07-26 | 株式会社名機製作所 | Hot press molding method |
JP4083093B2 (en) * | 2003-07-10 | 2008-04-30 | 株式会社不二越 | Double-rotating hydraulic pump circuit |
JP2010162585A (en) * | 2009-01-16 | 2010-07-29 | Kitagawa Elaborate Mach Co Ltd | Press machine |
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