CN102367390A - Biomass air-steam gasification technology - Google Patents
Biomass air-steam gasification technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN102367390A CN102367390A CN2011101736273A CN201110173627A CN102367390A CN 102367390 A CN102367390 A CN 102367390A CN 2011101736273 A CN2011101736273 A CN 2011101736273A CN 201110173627 A CN201110173627 A CN 201110173627A CN 102367390 A CN102367390 A CN 102367390A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a biomass air-steam gasification technology comprising steps that: quantified feeding is carried out in front of a furnace; air is delivered during a combustion process; pyrolytic combustion and gasification reaction are carried out in a gasifier; biomass combustion gas is purified; overpressured superfluous combustion gas is discharged; combustion gas heat exchange is carried out; uncombusted fuel is discharged; and the like. The pyrolytic combustion and gasification reaction step comprises processes that: air is delivered into a combustion chamber of the biomass gasifier; biomass fuel is combusted under a normal pressure or a pressurized condition, such that a reactant is obtained; when internal temperature of the gasifier reaches 750 to 1000 DEG C, steam with a temperature of 120 to 160 DEG C and a pressure of 0.2 to 0.8MPa is delivered into the gasifier; the steam takes part in the gasification reaction; with 1 to 2 seconds of reaction, the biomass combustion gas is produced. According to the invention, because of the added step for the steam to take part in the gasification reaction, the reactant obtained through the pyrolytic combustion of the biomass is further subject to a reaction with the steam, such that biomass combustion gas with medium heat value is produced. The heat value is increased by 30 to 40%, and the combustion gas yield is increased by 20%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of gasification process, specifically relate to a kind of gasifying process that utilizes air-water vapor to process biological fuel gas as burning of vaporized chemical and biomass fuel thermal decomposition and gasification reaction.
Background technology
Biological fuel gas is a kind of green energy resource of alternative fossil energy; Its raw material is a biomass material; Like straw, bagasse, rice bar, rice husk (chaff), culled wood, bark, sawdust, wood chip etc.; Through equipment for gasification to its high temperature (more than 650 ℃) pyrolytic reaction after, can make biological fuel gas.
Gasifying biomass is produced the biomass energy thermochemistry transform mode that combustion gas is a kind of advanced person, according to the difference of its gasifying medium, can be divided into air gasification, oxygen gasified, high-temperature water vapor gasification etc.Have reduced investment with air as the gasifying biomass that gasifying medium carries out, the advantage that operation possibility is strong is relatively more extensive in industrial application.But the combustible gas calorific value that this gasification technology produces is lower, has only 1000～1200Kcal/N m
3, hydrogen volume content has only 8～12%.Oxygen gasified is a kind of middle calorific value (2500～4300Kcal/N m that effectively produces
3) method of combustion gas, and it is simple to have technology, technology maturation, stable advantage.But oxygen gasified main drawback is to need the corresponding oxygen generating plant of a cover, even adopt better simply omnibus control system method, it once invests still very big.The high-temperature water vapor gasification also is a kind of middle calorific value (2400～3800Kcal/N m that effectively produces
3) method of combustion gas; But because the comparatively ideal temperature of biomass pyrolytic is more than 700 ℃; And main gasification reaction is that the reaction of coke and water vapor requires to have higher temperature, reaches effect preferably so will make to gasify, and the temperature of water vapor must be more than 700 ℃.And the gasification of biomass air-water vapor is that a kind of investment is relatively low, and the aerogenesis quality is gasification process preferably also.In this gasification, the needed heat of steam reformation can be supplied with by the partial combustion of air.But this gasification mode is not used widely, and reason is that water vapor adding point is too concentrated, causes water vapor incomplete with mixing of anti-reactant; React insufficient; The output capacity of the biological fuel gas that finally causes preparing is low, and calorific value is low, can't heavy industrialization.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problem that prior art exists, the present invention provides a kind of can prepare high heating value, gasification process that production rate is high.
In order to realize above purpose; Technical scheme of the present invention is following: a kind of biomass air-water vapor gasifying process; Comprise in stokehold dosed, the combustion processes air-supply, in gasifier, carry out pyrolysis and combustion and gasification reaction, purification biological fuel gas, the unnecessary combustion gas of diffusing overvoltage, combustion gas heat exchange, discharge step such as uncombusted fuel; The process of said pyrolysis and combustion and gasification reaction is following: bubbling air in the combustion chamber of gasifying biomass device; Firing biomass fuel produces reactant under normal pressure or pressure-fired condition, and when the gasifier internal temperature reached 750～1000 ℃, 120～160 ℃ the water vapor and the reactant that feed 0.2～0.8Mpa were participated in gasification reaction; Through 1～2s reaction times, produce biological fuel gas.
Further, said water vapor/biomass fuel mass ratio S/B is 0～1.5.
Said air equivalent is 0.19～0.27 than ER.
In said gasification reaction process, wherein one or both materials in interpolation rhombspar, peridotites, the aluminum oxide are as catalyzer.
Said unnecessary combustion gas circulation is input to gasifier and carries out the pyrolysis and combustion utilization.
Compared with prior art, on the basis of traditional gasification process, the step that water vapor is participated in gasification reaction is introduced in increase, and reactant and the further reaction of water vapor that the biomass fuel thermal decomposition burning is produced make middle calorific value (1800～2000Kcal/N m
3) biological fuel gas, calorific value improves 30～40%, the combustion gas output capacity improves 20%; And; In entire reaction course, the required heat energy source of gasification reaction is in aflame biomass fuel, and that realizes gasification reaction need not external heat from heat supplied; Remove outside heat supply step, saved external energy.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the composition diagram of gasification system.
Fig. 2 is the steam pipe line structure synoptic diagram of gasifier.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of gasifier body of heater.
Fig. 4 is the sectional view of Fig. 3.
Below, in conjunction with most preferred embodiment the present invention is further specifically described.
Embodiment
With reference to Fig. 1, the working process of gasifying process of the present invention is following: biomass fuel is from 10 rising to storage bin 8 by lift 14 and store between discharging, when needing system gas; Fuel through horizontal conveying belt 13 and oblique angle conveying belt 9 entering stokehold feed bins 6, quantitatively is input to gasifier 1 through stirring the back by worm conveyor 7, at this moment from storage bin 8; Gas blower 4 is to gasifier 1 air-supply, and to provide burning required air, control air equivalence ratio ER is 0.25; Add catalyzer, like rhombspar, peridotites, aluminum oxide etc., firing biomass fuel produces reactant (biomass carbon and reactant gases) under normal pressure or pressure-fired condition; When the gasifier internal temperature reached 850 ℃ of left and right sides, 120 ℃ the water vapor and the reactant that feed 0.6Mpa were participated in gasification reaction, and control water vapor/biomass fuel mass ratio S/B is 0.5; Through the 2s left and right sides reaction times, produce biological fuel gas, the solid waste that wherein produces is discharged outside the gasifier; Then, combustion gas and not the biomass fuel of complete reaction get into primary cyclone 2, purer combustion gas and thin ash entering secondary cyclone 3 after separating; Finally isolate pure combustion gas, and some the ash and the carbon of complete reaction do not return gasifier 1 recycle, pure combustion gas gets into the air that heat exchanger 5 heating are used to react; After heat exchange; Supply industrial production after combustion gas is lowered the temperature, unnecessary combustion gas is returned the gasifier recycle by circulation line 11 after getting into bleeding device 12 processing.
Realize the system of gasifying process of the present invention, by between discharging 10, lift 14, storage bin 8, conveying belt 13, oblique angle conveying belt 9, stokehold feed bin 6, worm conveyor 7, gasifier 1, primary cyclone 2, bleeding device 12, secondary cyclone 3, gas blower 4, heat exchanger 5 form.
Gasifier be one 0.5 ton/time vapourizing furnace, be best with the fluidized-bed.The body of heater 15 of gasifier connects water vapor pipeline assembly, high-temperature water vapor is provided for the combustion chamber 16 in the body of heater 15.The combustion chamber is the cylindrical body of hollow.The wall body of body of heater 15 (combustion chamber) is offered three through holes 24, and through hole 24 is circumference on the xsect of body of heater 15 arranges that evenly the position of through hole 24 is positioned at zone of combustion.Water vapor pipeline assembly is made up of three road water vapor pipelines 25, water vapor divider 17 and water vapor house steward 18.Water vapor divider 17 is the circle shape, and circle side connects three road water vapor pipelines 25 in it, and each road water vapor pipeline 25 also is circumference evenly to be arranged, each road water vapor pipeline 25 is communicated with through hole 24 straight lines.The inlet of water vapor divider 17 connects water vapor house steward 18, and outlet connects drain valve 26.Each road water vapor pipeline 25 all is equipped with tensimeter 27 and stopping valve 23.Water vapor house steward 18 is equipped with tensimeter 20, under meter 21 and reducing valve 22.One 0.5 ton of the total pipe coupling of water vapor/time steam boiler 19.
Like Fig. 2, the main body of vapourizing furnace (body of heater) is made up of thermal insulation layer 32, lighter for ignition, blower fan 36, liquidometer 34, explosive door, manhole, flame-observing hole and body skin 28, laterally places on the whole.Thermal insulation layer 32 is the round shape of hollow, and its inner cylindrical cavity is as combustion chamber 16.The material of thermal insulation layer 32 is a high temperature material, and its interior welds is densely covered with the J-shaped bitch, to reinforce thermal insulation layer 32.Offer three opening for feeds 31 on the wall body of thermal insulation layer 32, the wall body of the sidewall of opening for feed 31 and thermal insulation layer 32 is tangent.The inlet of opening for feed 31 communicates with air compartment 33, and air compartment 33 is communicated with blower fan 36 through airduct 35.When biomass powder during from opening for feed 31 entering combustion chambers, blower fan 36 is blown into air to opening for feed 31 tangentials, and powder cyclone type in combustion chamber 16 is rolled, and burns with the air thorough mixing.The outer wall of thermal insulation layer 32 is coated with body skin 28, is provided with some back up pads 29 between thermal insulation layer 32 and the body skin 28.Back up pad 29 is a toroidal, offers 90 ° of breach around it, and the breach of every back up pad helps increasing the vibratility of current towards having nothing in common with each other.Space between thermal insulation layer 32 and the body skin 28 forms cooling room, and water can be filled in the inside.The top of body skin 28 connects vapor pipe 30 (being communicated with cooling room), is used for the steam of cooling room is discharged.Cooling room connects liquidometer 34, is used to keep watch on the water level of cooling room.
The axial inwall of through hole 24 and the inwall of combustion chamber 16 are tangent, help the water vapor tangential and are input in the combustion chamber 16, with the reactant thorough mixing in the combustion chamber.
The discharging opening of bleeding device 12 connects circulation line 11, and circulation line 11 is linked in the combustion chamber 16 of vapourizing furnace, gives the combustion chamber recycle.
Claims (5)
1. biomass air-water vapor gasifying process; Comprise in stokehold dosed, the combustion processes air-supply, in gasifier, carry out pyrolysis and combustion and gasification reaction, purification biological fuel gas, the unnecessary combustion gas of diffusing overvoltage, combustion gas heat exchange, discharge step such as uncombusted fuel
The process that it is characterized in that said pyrolysis and combustion and gasification reaction is following: bubbling air in the combustion chamber of gasifying biomass device; Firing biomass fuel produces reactant under normal pressure or pressure-fired condition; When the gasifier internal temperature reaches 750～1000 ℃; 120～160 ℃ the water vapor and the reactant that feed 0.2～0.8Mpa are participated in gasification reaction, through 1～2s reaction times, produce biological fuel gas.
2. gasifying process according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said water vapor/biomass fuel mass ratio S/B is 0～1.5.
3. gasifying process according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said air equivalent is 0.19～0.27 than ER.
4. according to claim 2 or 3 described gasifying process, it is characterized in that in said gasification reaction process, wherein one or both materials in interpolation rhombspar, peridotites, the aluminum oxide are as catalyzer.
5. gasifying process according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said unnecessary combustion gas circulation is input to gasifier and carries out the pyrolysis and combustion utilization.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011101736273A CN102367390A (en) | 2011-06-24 | 2011-06-24 | Biomass air-steam gasification technology |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011101736273A CN102367390A (en) | 2011-06-24 | 2011-06-24 | Biomass air-steam gasification technology |
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| CN102367390A true CN102367390A (en) | 2012-03-07 |
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101225315A (en) * | 2007-12-18 | 2008-07-23 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Method and device for biomass compound gasification |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101225315A (en) * | 2007-12-18 | 2008-07-23 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Method and device for biomass compound gasification |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 刘石明 等: "生物质微米燃料（BMF）空气-水蒸气气化实验研究", 《太阳能学报》 * |
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Application publication date: 20120307 |