A kind of aluminum alloy low-pressure casting metal mold is with the preparation method of coating
Technical field
The present invention relates to casting field, particularly the low pressure casting aluminum alloy technical field.
Background technology
The kind of metal mold coating is a lot, mainly distinguishes according to paint adhesion agent and resistant to elevated temperatures inserts.Binding agent commonly used has syrup, waterglass, high polymer binders such as also useful resin, polyvinyl alcohol.Resistant to elevated temperatures inserts is black lead powder, spraying carbon black, coke powder, high-alumina fly etc.Syrup coating composition commonly used is: black lead powder>30%, spraying carbon black>45%, syrup>15%.After these material mixing, be placed in the gyratory shaker, add suitable quantity of water, fully stirred 1.5-2 hour.Coating density requires at 1.2-1.3g/cm
3Between.Sodium silicate binder paint ingredient commonly used is: carbon black 80%, waterglass 20% and an amount of moisture, density 1.1-1.2g/cm
3Polyvinyl alcohol adhesive paint ingredient commonly used is: high-alumina fly that 200 orders are above and 300-400g polyvinyl alcohol and an amount of moisture system of mixing form.When being the metal mold repeated use, the advantage of using syrup to make binding agent clears up easily.Shortcoming is that syrup is to process with grain, and the temperature to metal mold has certain requirement when using, and mold temperature too prepared paint is not coated with, and the moisture in the coating is not volatile, causes gas hole defect easily; Mold temperature is too high; Syrup is burnt easily, makes coating lose adhesive property, and molten metal washes out dope layer easily during cast; Metal mold is lost protective effect; Make cast(ing) surface be prone to many tiny pin holes, also can produce the phenomenon that metal mold and foundry goods molten metal adhere to each other sometimes, cause scrapping of foundry goods and casting mold when serious.The advantage of waterglass coating is that dry strength is big, and the metal mold temperature undergoes no deterioration when high and burns.Shortcoming is to use back cleaning difficulty.Paint thickness can not be coated with thick, only can reach 0.3-0.5mm, otherwise easy to crack peeling off, so casting mold is shorter service life.The polyvinyl alcohol coating advantage is that dry strength is big, can with multiple high temperature resistant filler mixed preparing, paint thickness can thicken to 2-5mm, under the molten metal high temperature action, can produce carbonization light film, makes cast(ing) surface bright and clean.Shortcoming is that the mixed system time is long, will ceaselessly stir during spraying, and to prevent the coating layering and precipitating, the difficult control of coating layer thickness evenly.
In the prior art; In the low-pressure casting of aluminium alloy; The coating that is used for metal mold cavity and cast instrument surface spraying; Domestic traditional product mainly is that to adopt pulvis such as zinc oxide, whiting, graphite powder be raw material, adds waterglass by different proportion and carries out scene modulation with water, after stirring, sprays use.Facts have proved that this technological open defect has: 1. be in harmonious proportion and prepare the coating troublesome poeration, expend time in, 2. the raw material cost is high, influences the product benefit; 3. because the traditional raw material heat-insulating property is poor, thus need frequent heating die cavity and spraying when using, and be prone to cause the sticking burning of die cavity; 4. the surface quality of continuous castings of producing is not good enough.
Summary of the invention
To the deficiency of prior art, one of the object of the invention is to provide the preparation method of a kind of aluminum alloy low-pressure casting metal mold with coating.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is following:
A kind of aluminum alloy low-pressure casting metal mold comprises the steps: with the preparation method of coating
1) composition of coating is; In mass fraction: 35-45% mullite powder, 5-10% alumina powder, 5.5-6.5% sodium bentonite; 2.0-2.5% polyvinyl alcohol, 0.8-1.0% sodium alginate, 3.5-4.0% Ludox, 0.8-1.0% neopelex, surplus are water, by above-mentioned component weigh batching;
2) earlier 200-280 order sodium bentonite, 200-280 order mullite powder, 200-280 order alumina powder are added in the edge runner by said ratio, do and mix 15-25min;
3) add sodium alginate, neopelex, polyethylene alcohol and water successively by said ratio then, mix and grind 180-240min;
4) add Ludox by said ratio then and mix stone roller 30-40mi n;
The coating that 5) will mix at last behind the stone roller sieves through the 80-100 mesh, removes impurity.
The main refractory aggregate of coating of the present invention is selected 200-280 mullite powder and 200-280 order alumina powder for use, and is main refractory aggregate with the mullite powder, makes low-voltage cast aluminum spare any surface finish, and nothing scabs, and does not have defectives such as adhesion.The refractory aggregate of coating of the present invention in order to improve the resistance to elevated temperatures of coating, also adds the 5-10% alumina powder except mullite, can guarantee that coating has elevated temperature strength and good flow coat performance preferably.
Coating of the present invention is made suspending agent with sodium bentonite, polyvinyl alcohol and sodium alginate, and suspending agent is used for preventing the deposition of refractory aggregate.Sodium alginate adds in the coating, can obviously improve coating suspension property.And the raw making materials of polyvinyl alcohol is an oil and natural gas; Its wide material sources, and nontoxic, tasteless, add in the coating and can improve the coating suspension performance; Shared with sodium bentonite and sodium alginate, can obtain higher sedimentation stability, quick-drying and good brushability.
The viscosity of Ludox is less, and the powder liquor ratio of coating can improve greatly, thereby coating surface intensity is improved, and hardness improves, to obtain the bright and clean cast(ing) surface of high-quality.In addition, the using silica-sol wash good stability, and can adopt the mode of air dry to obtain intensity.Ludox still is that nontoxic nothing is corroded non-inflammable explosive article, with its coatings formulated environmentally safe, to personal safety.Add the 3.5-4.0% Ludox in the coating of the present invention and make binding agent, can make coating have the good high-temperature bond strength.
For being hung well, coating is attached to the metal mold surface; Requirement has certain wettability to the metal mold surface; Add proper amount of surfactant,, add the 0.8-1.0% neopelex in the coating of the present invention with the surface tension of reduction coating or the interfacial tension between coating and the metal mold material; Promptly be ionized into the sodium particle of electronegative benzene sulfonamide acid group and positively charged after it is water-soluble; One end of positively charged attracts to align with metal mold mutually, has reduced the interfacial tension between metal mold and coating, has improved the combine effect of coating with casting mold.
The beneficial effect that the present invention prepares the method for coating is:
1. the inventive method raw material sources are extensive, and cost is low, and preparation coating is simple to operate.
2. coating of the present invention only need be brushed on temperature is 300-330 ℃ metal mold, gets final product after the drying, does not need during use frequently to heat die cavity and spraying, and is easy to use.
3. coating of the present invention is used for the aluminum alloy low-pressure casting metal mold, and foundry goods is prone to the demoulding, and cast(ing) surface is bright and clean, defectives such as nothing scabs, adhesion.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment one
A kind of aluminum alloy low-pressure casting metal mold comprises the steps: with the preparation method of coating
1) composition of coating is; In mass fraction: 35% mullite powder, 10% alumina powder, 5.5% sodium bentonite; 2.5% polyvinyl alcohol, 0.8% sodium alginate, 4.0% Ludox, 0.8% neopelex, surplus are water, by above-mentioned component weigh batching;
2) earlier 200-280 order sodium bentonite, 200-280 order mullite powder, 200-280 order alumina powder are added in the edge runner by said ratio, do and mix 15min;
3) add sodium alginate, neopelex, polyethylene alcohol and water successively by said ratio then, mix and grind 240min;
4) add Ludox by said ratio then and mix stone roller 30min;
The coating that 5) will mix at last behind the stone roller sieves through 100 mesh, removes impurity.
Embodiment two
A kind of aluminum alloy low-pressure casting metal mold comprises the steps: with the preparation method of coating
1) composition of coating is; In mass fraction: 45% mullite powder, 5% alumina powder, 6.5% sodium bentonite; 2.0% polyvinyl alcohol, 1.0% sodium alginate, 3.5% Ludox, 1.0% neopelex, surplus are water, by above-mentioned component weigh batching;
2) earlier 200-280 order sodium bentonite, 200-280 order mullite powder, 200-280 order alumina powder are added in the edge runner by said ratio, do and mix 25min;
3) add sodium alginate, neopelex, polyethylene alcohol and water successively by said ratio then, mix and grind 180min;
4) add Ludox by said ratio then and mix stone roller 40min;
The coating that 5) will mix at last behind the stone roller sieves through 80 mesh, removes impurity.
Embodiment three
A kind of aluminum alloy low-pressure casting metal mold comprises the steps: with the preparation method of coating
1) composition of coating is; In mass fraction: 40% mullite powder, 8% alumina powder, 6% sodium bentonite; 2.3% polyvinyl alcohol, 0.9% sodium alginate, 3.8% Ludox, 0.9% neopelex, surplus are water, by above-mentioned component weigh batching;
2) earlier 200-280 order sodium bentonite, 200-280 order mullite powder, 200-280 order alumina powder are added in the edge runner by said ratio, do and mix 20min;
3) add sodium alginate, neopelex, polyethylene alcohol and water successively by said ratio then, mix and grind 210min;
4) add Ludox by said ratio then and mix stone roller 35min;
The coating that 5) will mix at last behind the stone roller sieves through 90 mesh, removes impurity.
Applicant's statement; The present invention explains detailed process equipment of the present invention and technological process through the foregoing description; But the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned detailed process equipment and technological process, does not mean that promptly the present invention must rely on above-mentioned detailed process equipment and technological process could be implemented.The person of ordinary skill in the field should understand, and to any improvement of the present invention, to the interpolation of the equivalence replacement of each raw material of product of the present invention and auxiliary element, the selection of concrete mode etc., all drops within protection scope of the present invention and the open scope.