CN102361345A - Seamless switching control method for uninterrupted power supply of fuel cell - Google Patents
Seamless switching control method for uninterrupted power supply of fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN102361345A CN102361345A CN2011103220739A CN201110322073A CN102361345A CN 102361345 A CN102361345 A CN 102361345A CN 2011103220739 A CN2011103220739 A CN 2011103220739A CN 201110322073 A CN201110322073 A CN 201110322073A CN 102361345 A CN102361345 A CN 102361345A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a seamless switching control method for an uninterrupted power supply of a fuel cell. During switching from an inverse power supply mode to a fuel cell power supply mode, an energy management unit is used for controlling bus voltage at the cold start stage of the fuel cell, and load energy is provided; once idle-load cold start of the fuel cell is completed, a direct current-direct current transformer is started to control the bus voltage, and the energy management unit is switched to the current control mode for controlling output current to fall slowly, so that the output current of the fuel cell rises slowly; and during switching from the fuel cell power supply mode to the inverse power supply mode, a rectifier is started to control the bus voltage and the direct current-direct current transformer is switched to the current control mode for controlling the output current of the fuel cell to fall slowly. According to the method, seamless switching between the fuel cell power supply mode and the inverse power supply mode is realized, direct loaded cold start of the fuel cell is avoided, slow change of the output power of the fuel cell is controlled, the safety and service life of the fuel cell are ensured, and the load power supply continuity is ensured in the switching process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of uninterrupted power supply power supply seamless switching control method, especially relate to a kind of fuel cell uninterrupted power supply seamless switching control method.
Background technology
Adopt fuel cell to have long, advantages such as reliability is high, environmental protection of standby time than the uninterrupted power supply(ups) that adopts storage battery as stand-by power source as the uninterrupted power supply(ups) of stand-by power supply.Fuel cell uninterrupted power-supply system should guarantee that not only mode of operation normally moves, and also need realize seamless switching between mode of operation, realizes that power supply continuously.In order to ensure the fuel cell long-life; Fuel cell adopts the cold standby mode; The response of fuel cell output simultaneously inertia is bigger; Frequent load rapid fluctuations will shorten the life-span of fuel cell, and the desirable service conditions of fuel cell is to let its output steady as far as possible, and the particularity of fuel cell has determined switching mode and traditional uninterrupted power supply that obvious difference is arranged.According to the changing method of traditional uninterrupted power supply, fuel cell directly is with and is carried cold start-up, can occur starting and lose efficacy, and can threaten the safety and the useful life of fuel cell simultaneously.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of fuel cell uninterrupted power supply seamless switching control method; Cold start-up and stable output power to solve fuel cell change; The safety, useful life and the electric that guarantee fuel cell are uninterrupted, realize the seamless switching of fuel cell-powered pattern and inversion powering mode.
The technical scheme that the present invention adopts is:
One, the inversion powering mode during to fuel cell-powered mode switch method following:
1) in the fuel cell cold start-up stage, energy management unit control busbar voltage provides load energy, finishes up to the unloaded cold start-up of fuel cell;
2) after the unloaded cold start-up of fuel cell finishes, DC-DC converter start-up control busbar voltage, energy management unit transfers current control mode to, and the control output current descends, and fuel cell output current is risen;
Two, following in fuel cell-powered pattern method when the inversion powering mode switches:
Rectifier start-up control busbar voltage, DC-DC converter transfers current control mode to, and the control fuel cell output current descends, thereby has realized seamless switching between pattern.
In inversion powering mode and fuel cell-powered mode switch process, the switching controls of energy management unit detects link, the second bus low-frequency current through the first super capacitor voltage control link, the second super capacitor voltage control link, the first bus low-frequency current and detects link, the first bus mutation current and detect link, the second bus mutation current and detect that link, the first busbar voltage controlling unit, the second busbar voltage controlling unit, first instruction current are at the uniform velocity slow to fall that link, second instruction current are at the uniform velocity slow to fall link, the first current inner loop controlling unit, the second current inner loop controlling unit and switching controls switch Tran_sig and realize.
When Tran_sig is 1; System runs on the fuel cell cold start-up stage; Energy management unit is through the first busbar voltage controlling unit, the second busbar voltage controlling unit, the first current inner loop controlling unit, second current inner loop controlling unit control busbar voltage; When Tran_sig is 2; System runs on energy management unit auxiliary fuel cell band and carries the stage; Energy management unit drops to zero through the at the uniform velocity slow at the uniform velocity slow link, the first current inner loop controlling unit, second current inner loop controlling unit control output current of falling of link, second instruction current of falling of first instruction current; When Tran_sig is 3; System runs on the independently-powered pattern of fuel cell, and energy management unit detects link, first bus mutation current detection link, second bus mutation current detection link, the first current inner loop controlling unit, second current inner loop controlling unit control output current tracking bus low-frequency current ripple and mutation current through first bus low-frequency current detection link, the second bus low-frequency current, when Tran_sig is 0 or 4; Under the unbalanced load, energy management unit detects link, second bus low-frequency current detection link, the first current inner loop controlling unit, second current inner loop controlling unit control output current tracking bus low-frequency current ripple through the first bus low-frequency current.
In inversion powering mode and fuel cell-powered mode switch process, the switching controls of DC-DC converter falls through triple bus-bar voltage control link, the 4th busbar voltage controlling unit, the 3rd instruction current are at the uniform velocity slow that link, the 4th instruction current are at the uniform velocity slow to fall link, the 3rd current inner loop controlling unit, the 4th current inner loop controlling unit and switching controls switch Tran_sig and realize.
When Tran_sig is 0,1; DC-DC converter is not worked; When Tran_sig was 2,3, DC-DC converter worked in voltage mode control, through triple bus-bar voltage control link, the 4th busbar voltage controlling unit, the 3rd current inner loop controlling unit, the 4th current inner loop controlling unit control busbar voltage; When Tran_sig is 4; The startup stage of rectifier, DC-DC converter works in current control mode, drops to zero through the at the uniform velocity slow at the uniform velocity slow link, the 3rd current inner loop controlling unit, the 4th current inner loop controlling unit control fuel cell current of falling of link, the 4th instruction current of falling of the 3rd instruction current.
The beneficial effect that the present invention has is:
A kind of fuel cell uninterrupted power supply seamless switching control method of the present invention; Realized the seamless switching of fuel cell-powered pattern and inversion powering mode; Through the unloaded cold start-up of energy management unit auxiliary fuel cell, avoided directly band year cold start-up of fuel cell, the control fuel cell output power slowly changes in handoff procedure; Guarantee the safety and the useful life of fuel cell, guaranteed the continuity of electric in the handoff procedure.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a whole method for handover control sketch map of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an operational mode handoff procedure sketch map of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is 0-t among Fig. 2
0The time etching system operation sketch map.
Fig. 4 is t among Fig. 2
0-t
1The time etching system operation sketch map.
Fig. 5 is t among Fig. 2
1-t
2The time etching system operation sketch map.
Fig. 6 is t among Fig. 2
2-t
3The time etching system operation sketch map.
Fig. 7 is t among Fig. 2
3-t
4The time etching system operation sketch map.
Fig. 8 is t among Fig. 2
4-t
5The time etching system operation sketch map.
Among the figure: the at the uniform velocity slow link of falling of 1, the 4th busbar voltage controlling unit, the 2, the 4th instruction current, 3, triple bus-bar voltage control link; 4, the 3rd instruction current is at the uniform velocity slow falls link, the 5, the 4th current inner loop controlling unit, the 6, the 3rd current inner loop controlling unit; 7, the at the uniform velocity slow link, 9, the first busbar voltage controlling unit of falling of the second busbar voltage controlling unit, 8, second instruction current; 10, the at the uniform velocity slow link of falling of first instruction current, 11, the second bus low-frequency current detects link, and 12, the second bus mutation current detects link; 13, the first bus low-frequency current detects link, and 14, the first bus mutation current detects link, 15, the second current inner loop controlling unit; 16, the first current inner loop controlling unit; 17, the second super capacitor voltage control link, 18, the first super capacitor voltage control link, 19, switching controls switch Tran_sig.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is described further.
As shown in Figure 1, whole method for handover control sketch map of the present invention, main circuit comprises by-pass switch, rectifier, inverter, fuel cell, DC-DC converter, energy management unit.When electric network power-fail, the inversion powering mode need transfer fuel cell-powered pattern to.Work as power system restoration, fuel cell-powered pattern need transfer the inversion powering mode to.In inversion powering mode and fuel cell-powered mode switch process, the switching controls of energy management unit detects link 13, the second bus low-frequency current through the first super capacitor voltage control link 18, the second super capacitor voltage control link 17, the first bus low-frequency current and detects link 11, the first bus mutation current and detect link 14, the second bus mutation current and detect at the uniform velocity slow at the uniform velocity slow link 8, the first current inner loop controlling unit 16, the second current inner loop controlling unit 15 and the switching controls switch Tran_sig 19 of falling of link 10, second instruction current that fall of link 12, the first busbar voltage controlling unit 9, the second busbar voltage controlling unit 7, first instruction current and realize.The switching controls of DC-DC converter realizes through at the uniform velocity slow at the uniform velocity slow link 2, the 3rd current inner loop controlling unit 6, the 4th current inner loop controlling unit 5 and the switching controls switch Tran_sig 19 of falling of link 4, the 4th instruction current that fall of triple bus-bar voltage control link 3, the 4th busbar voltage controlling unit 1, the 3rd instruction current.When the inversion powering mode need transfer fuel cell-powered pattern to, rectifier block, when fuel cell-powered pattern need transfer the inversion powering mode to, rectifier was opened.
As shown in Figure 2, fuel cell-powered pattern of the present invention and inversion powering mode handoff procedure sketch map.0-t
0The section inversion power supply stage, t
0~ t
1Be electrical network failure detection stage, t
1~ t
2Be fuel cell cold start-up stage, t
2~ t
3For energy management unit auxiliary fuel cell band carries switch step, t
3~ t
4Be fuel cell-powered mode phases, t
4~ t
5The startup stage of for rectifier, t>t
5Be the inversion powering mode.Consider as far as possible restrictive condition stably of fuel cell cold standby and fuel cell output power, seamless switching control method of the present invention can guarantee fuel cell safety and long-life, and explanation is as follows stage by stage:
Stage 1: inversion powering mode stage (0-t
0
)
As shown in Figure 3,0-t
0The time etching system operation sketch map, this stage electrical network is normal, fuel cell uninterrupted power-supply system is in the inversion powering mode, electrical network is through rectifier, inverter powering load, DC-DC converter is not worked.As shown in Figure 1, during this period of time, Tran_sig 19 is 0; Energy management unit works in current control mode, when laod unbalance, detects link 13, the second bus low-frequency current through the first bus low-frequency current and detects link 11, the first current inner loop controlling unit 16, the second current inner loop controlling unit 15; Follow the tracks of bus low-frequency current ripple; The low-frequency ripple electric current that the active absorption inversion produces reduces the fluctuation of busbar voltage, representes like heavy line among Fig. 3.
Stage 2: electrical network failure detection stage (t
0
~ t
1
)
As shown in Figure 4, suppose at t
0Moment electric network power-fail is at t
1Inverter just can detect constantly, at t
0-t
1The energy of section load can only support by bus capacitor, representes like heavy line among Fig. 4.
Stage 3: fuel cell cold start-up stage (t
1
~ t
2
)
In order to guarantee the long-life of fuel cell, fuel cell adopts the cold standby mode.As shown in Figure 5, t
1Electric network power-fail detects successfully constantly, opens fuel cell inlet electromagnetically operated valve S
H2, make hydrogen get into fuel cell, fuel cell begins cold start-up and slowly sets up output voltage, the unloaded about 2.5 ~ 5s of cold start-up time of fuel cell.Carry cold start-up if fuel cell directly is with, can occur starting and lose efficacy.As shown in Figure 1; Tran_sig 19 is 1 during this period of time, and energy management unit works in voltage mode control, through the first busbar voltage controlling unit 9, the second busbar voltage controlling unit 7, the first current inner loop controlling unit 16, the second current inner loop controlling unit 15; Control is busbar voltage up and down; Keep load energy, represent like heavy line among Fig. 5, fuel cell then can unloaded cold start-up.
Stage 4: energy management unit auxiliary fuel cell band carries switching (t
2
~ t
3
)
As shown in Figure 6, t
2The unloaded cold start-up of fuel cell constantly finishes, and DC-DC converter begins to start.As shown in Figure 1; Tran_sig 19 is 2 during this period of time; DC-DC converter operating voltage control model; Through triple bus-bar voltage control link 3, the 4th busbar voltage controlling unit 1, the 3rd current inner loop controlling unit 6, the 4th current inner loop controlling unit 5, the control busbar voltage is represented like heavy line among Fig. 6.Energy management unit transfers current control mode to simultaneously, and the instruction of electric current is by t
2Initial current constantly begins slowly to reduce; Through at the uniform velocity slow at the uniform velocity slow link 8, the first current inner loop controlling unit 16, the second current inner loop controlling unit 15 of falling of link 10, second instruction current of falling of first instruction current; The power output of energy management unit is slowly descended; The power output of fuel cell slowly increases, and has realized that fuel cell output power slowly rises, and is beneficial to the long-life of fuel cell.This stage can be artificial the control energy administrative unit output current rate of descent that passes through guarantee the fuel cell current climbing.
Stage 5: fuel cell-powered mode phases (t
3
~ t
4
)
As shown in Figure 7, t
3The band of fuel cell carries to switch and accomplishes constantly, and system has begun fuel cell-powered pattern, is maintained to power system restoration.As shown in Figure 1, in fuel cell-powered mode phases, Tran_sig 19 is 3, and the task of DC-DC converter is a control dc bus total voltage.Energy management unit is when sudden load change; Detect link 14, the second bus mutation current through the first bus mutation current and detect link 12, the first current inner loop controlling unit 16, the second current inner loop controlling unit 15, for fuel cell provides energy snubber, simultaneously under unbalanced load; Energy management unit is through the control of output current; Follow the tracks of bus low-frequency current ripple, reduce the fluctuation of busbar voltage, represent like heavy line among Fig. 7.
Stage 6: (the t startup stage of rectifier
4
~ t
5
)
As shown in Figure 8, t
4Constantly, inverter detects power system restoration, signals to start rectifier, and busbar voltage is controlled by rectifier, and DC-DC converter transfers current mode of operation to simultaneously, representes like heavy line among Fig. 8.As shown in Figure 1, Tran_sig 19 is 4, and DC-DC converter is through at the uniform velocity slow at the uniform velocity slow link 2, the 3rd current inner loop controlling unit 6, the 4th current inner loop controlling unit 5 of falling of link 4, the 4th instruction current of falling of the 3rd instruction current, and the instruction of electric current is by t
4Initial current constantly begins slowly to reduce, and rate of descent is less than 25A/s, and fuel cell output power slowly descends under the control like this, and the power output of rectifier is compelled slowly to rise, and has realized the smooth transition of fuel cell-powered pattern and inversion powering mode.
Stage 7: inversion powering mode (t>t
5
)
t
5Constantly switch and accomplish, new one takes turns beginning, and system begins the operation of inversion powering mode, and power output is provided through rectification, inversion by electrical network.The task of rectifier is the control DC bus-bar voltage, and the task of inverter is the control output voltage quality.When laod unbalance, energy management unit is through the control of output current, and the low-frequency ripple electric current that the active absorption inversion produces reduces the fluctuation of busbar voltage.
Claims (3)
1. fuel cell uninterrupted power supply seamless switching control method is characterized in that:
One, the inversion powering mode during to fuel cell-powered mode switch method following:
1) in the fuel cell cold start-up stage, energy management unit control busbar voltage provides load energy, finishes up to the unloaded cold start-up of fuel cell;
2) after the unloaded cold start-up of fuel cell finishes, DC-DC converter start-up control busbar voltage, energy management unit transfers current control mode to, and the control output current descends, and fuel cell output current is risen;
Two, following in fuel cell-powered pattern method when the inversion powering mode switches:
Rectifier start-up control busbar voltage, DC-DC converter transfers current control mode to, and the control fuel cell output current descends, thereby has realized seamless switching between pattern.
2. a kind of fuel cell uninterrupted power supply seamless switching control method according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described in inversion powering mode and fuel cell-powered mode switch process, the switching controls of energy management unit detects link (13), the second bus low-frequency current through the first super capacitor voltage control link (18), the second super capacitor voltage control link (17), the first bus low-frequency current and detects link (11), the first bus mutation current and detect link (14), the second bus mutation current and detect that link (12), the first busbar voltage controlling unit (9), the second busbar voltage controlling unit (7), first instruction current are at the uniform velocity slow to fall that link (10), second instruction current are at the uniform velocity slow to fall link (8), the first current inner loop controlling unit (16), the second current inner loop controlling unit (15) and switching controls switch Tran_sig (19) and realize;
When Tran_sig is 1; System runs on the fuel cell cold start-up stage; Energy management unit is through the first busbar voltage controlling unit (9), the second busbar voltage controlling unit (7), the first current inner loop controlling unit (16), the second current inner loop controlling unit (15) control busbar voltage; When Tran_sig is 2; System runs on energy management unit auxiliary fuel cell band and carries the stage; Energy management unit drops to zero through the at the uniform velocity slow at the uniform velocity slow link (8), the first current inner loop controlling unit (16), the second current inner loop controlling unit (15) control output current of falling of link (10), second instruction current of falling of first instruction current; When Tran_sig is 3; System runs on the independently-powered pattern of fuel cell; Energy management unit detects link (11), first bus mutation current detection link (14), second bus mutation current detection link (12), the first current inner loop controlling unit (16), the second current inner loop controlling unit (15) control output current tracking bus low-frequency current ripple and mutation current through first bus low-frequency current detection link (13), the second bus low-frequency current; When Tran_sig was 0 or 4, under the unbalanced load, energy management unit detected link (13), second bus low-frequency current detection link (11), the first current inner loop controlling unit (16), the second current inner loop controlling unit (15) control output current tracking bus low-frequency current ripple through the first bus low-frequency current.
3. a kind of fuel cell uninterrupted power supply seamless switching control method according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described in inversion powering mode and fuel cell-powered mode switch process, the switching controls of DC-DC converter falls through triple bus-bar voltage control link (3), the 4th busbar voltage controlling unit (1), the 3rd instruction current are at the uniform velocity slow that link (4), the 4th instruction current are at the uniform velocity slow to fall link (2), the 3rd current inner loop controlling unit (6), the 4th current inner loop controlling unit (5) and switching controls switch Tran_sig (19) and realize;
When Tran_sig is 0,1; DC-DC converter is not worked; When Tran_sig is 2,3; DC-DC converter works in voltage mode control; Through triple bus-bar voltage control link (3), the 4th busbar voltage controlling unit (1), the 3rd current inner loop controlling unit (6), the 4th current inner loop controlling unit (5) control busbar voltage, when Tran_sig is 4, the startup stage of rectifier; DC-DC converter works in current control mode, drops to zero through the at the uniform velocity slow at the uniform velocity slow link (2), the 3rd current inner loop controlling unit (6), the 4th current inner loop controlling unit (5) control fuel cell current of falling of link (4), the 4th instruction current of falling of the 3rd instruction current.
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| CN104242442A (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2014-12-24 | 浙江大学 | Double-energy-source uninterruptible power supply device and method thereof |
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| CN109510275A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-03-22 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of buffer starting device and method of electric power supply system of fuel cell |
| CN109510275B (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2023-11-24 | 西南交通大学 | Buffering starting device and method for fuel cell power supply system |
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|---|---|
| CN102361345B (en) | 2013-06-26 |
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