CN102358775B - High-performance polycarboxylic acid water reducer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-performance polycarboxylic acid water reducer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102358775B CN102358775B CN 201110213441 CN201110213441A CN102358775B CN 102358775 B CN102358775 B CN 102358775B CN 201110213441 CN201110213441 CN 201110213441 CN 201110213441 A CN201110213441 A CN 201110213441A CN 102358775 B CN102358775 B CN 102358775B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of concrete additives adopted in building materials, and specially, relates to a polycarboxylic acid water reducer and a preparation method thereof. The polycarboxylic acid water reducer is prepared from raw materials of 1, a macromer a, wherein the macromer a is prepared from a high-molecular weight polyether shown ina general formula I, a saturated organic acid, and an organic amine or an inorganic acid through an esterification reaction in the presence of an acid catalyst; the high-molecular weight polyether is an oxyalkylene polymer having weight-average molecular weight of 400 to 2400; R1 and R2 represent H or methyl; n is greater than 8 and is less than 54; and m is greater than 0 and is less than 5, and 2, a monomer b, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate. The preparation method of the high-performance polycarboxylic acid water reducer comprises that 75 to 90 wt% of the macromer a and 5 to 25 wt% of the monomer b are mixed and undergo a copolymerization reaction. The high-performance polycarboxylic acid water reducer has good plastic retaining effects on concrete, especially, has obvious plastic retaining effects on middle/low slump concrete, has simple production processes, is easy to be controlled and has low equipment requirements.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the concrete additives in building materials technical field, be specifically related to a kind of polycarboxylate water-reducer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Development along with construction business such as traffic, water power, municipal administrations, high span bridge, up to a hundred layers the progressively rise of the engineering constructions such as high buildings and large mansions, more and more higher to concrete construction performance, intensity index and life requirement, almost all require practical pump concrete.Pump concrete need to be grown the distance conveying and construct than under the high temperature condition, unavoidably can cause the slump-loss of fresh concrete, thereby affect concrete engineering quality.Domestic a lot of engineering adopts naphthalene water reducer, but its Main Problems be concrete slump through the time loss large, this product uses formaldehyde, the vitriol oil synthetic in a large number in addition, environmental pollution is serious in the production process.
Japan utilizes alkene and unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymerization in nineteen ninety-five, has succeeded in developing poly carboxylic acid series water reducer.The feature of this kind poly carboxylic acid series water reducer is that main chain and side chain connecting key are ester bonds.Poly carboxylic acid series water reducer because water-reducing rate is high, the Erbium-doped amount less, good, the suitable preparation high-flowing concrete of slump retentivity, and do not use formaldehyde in synthetic, environmental pollution is little, thereby is subject to the favor of engineering circles.
The common method of preparation polycarboxylate water-reducer is at present: 1, at first prepare large monomer by (methyl) vinylformic acid and poly glycol monomethyl ether esterification, the small molecules polymerizations such as the large monomer that then will generate and (methyl) vinylformic acid, (methyl) sodium allylsulfonate obtain the water reducer of polymolecularity.Along with the rising cost of (methyl) Price of Acrylic Acid improves constantly, and the molecular weight distribution of raw material and purity all can affect the performance of product; 2, directly low by water reducer water-reducing rate that copolymerization prepares in the aqueous solution or in the solvent by the polyethers that contains the C=C key and unsaturated carboxylic acid (ester) monomer, function of slump protection is general.
Summary of the invention
For the defective that above technology exists, first purpose of the present invention provides a kind of water-reducing rate height and the good polycarboxylate water-reducer of function of slump protection, and second purpose of the present invention provides the preparation method of above-mentioned polycarboxylate water-reducer.
For realizing above-mentioned first goal of the invention, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of polycarboxylate water-reducer, this water reducer is by comprising that following raw material prepares:
1) large monomer a: by the described polyethers of general formula (1) and unsaturated organic acid, organic amine or mineral acid esterification occurs under the acid catalyst condition and generate;
The polyethers macromole that gets described in the general formula (1) is the oxyalkylene polymer of weight-average molecular weight 400 to 2400, R
1And R
2Be H or methyl, wherein n is that 8～54, m is 0～5;
2) monomer b structural formula is as follows:
Above-mentioned large monomer a, monomer b forms by 75%～90% and 5%～25% weight percent mixing copolymerization respectively.
As further improvement, above-mentioned water reducer comprises that monomer c copolymerization forms, monomer c weight ratio 0～10%, and the structural formula of monomer c is as follows:
。
As further improvement, above-mentioned water reducer comprises that monomer d copolymerization forms, monomer d weight ratio 0～25%, and the structural formula of monomer d is as follows:
In the formula, R
3Hydrogen atom or methyl, R
4Hydrogen atom or methyl, ethyl, CH
2CH
2OH.
As further improvement, above-mentioned water reducer comprises that monomer c and monomer d copolymerization form, and the total amount of monomer c and monomer d is 5%～20%, and the total amount maximum of monomer b, monomer c and monomer d is no more than 25%.
As preferably, above-mentioned n is 15～40.Be 18～30 as preferred again, above-mentioned n.
As preferably, above-mentioned m is 3～5.
As preferably, the mol ratio of above-mentioned polyethers and unsaturated organic acid, organic amine or mineral acid is 1:0.8～4.5.
For realizing above-mentioned second goal of the invention, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of preparation method who prepares above-mentioned polycarboxylate water-reducer, the method comprises the steps:
1), in the reaction unit that thermometer, agitator, nitrogen ingress pipe and reflux exchanger are housed, adds the described polyethers of general formula (1), heat while stirring, until its complete happy and harmonious rear adding unsaturated organic acid, organic amine or mineral acid, the mol ratio of polyethers and unsaturated organic acid, organic amine or mineral acid is about 1:0.8～4.5, and the consumption of acid catalyst is 0.4%～3.0% of reactant gross weight; Temperature of reaction is 100～140 ℃, and the reaction times is 4～7 hours;
2), a certain amount of deionized water is added above-mentioned reaction unit, use the nitrogen purging reaction vessel while stirring, and be warming up to 70～90 ℃, drip at least a solution among monomer b or monomer b and monomer c, the monomer d, initiator solution, time for adding is 3～4 hours, dropwises rear insulation reaction 3～4 hours, be cooled to room temperature, add alkali pH value to 6.5～7.0 that neutralize.
As preferably, above-mentioned step 2) initiator solution that adopts in is conventional free radical water soluble starter, comprise Potassium Persulphate, Sodium Persulfate or ammonium persulphate, join whole initiators in the reaction mixture should account for add the monomer total amount and be about 0.1～5%, polymerization reaction monomer concentration is 30%～60%.
Compared with prior art, effect of the present invention is as follows:
1. the present invention has replaced the hydroxyl on the unsaturated polyether by to esterification, has improved well the performance of product.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is done more detailed explanation.
Embodiment 1
1), in the reaction flask that thermometer, agitator, nitrogen ingress pipe and reflux exchanger are housed, adds 120g allyl polyglycol (M=2400), heat while stirring, until its complete happy and harmonious rear adding 15g thionamic acid, stirring makes it be dissolved in allyl polyglycol fully, slowly adding 1.35g concentration is 98% the vitriol oil, be warming up to 120 ℃, isothermal reaction 5 hours.
2), the 150g deionized water is added above-mentioned reaction flask, use the nitrogen purging reaction vessel while stirring, and be warming up to 80 ℃, then be that 60% the dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate aqueous solution is added dropwise to reaction flask with 70g concentration, time for adding is 3 hours, and to drip simultaneously 80g concentration be 10% ammonium persulfate aqueous solution, time for adding is 3 hours, dropwise rear insulation reaction 4 hours, be cooled to room temperature, add the alkali pH value 6.5 that neutralizes.
Embodiment 2
1), in the reaction flask that thermometer, agitator, nitrogen ingress pipe and reflux exchanger are housed, adds 120g allyl polyglycol (M=2400), heat while stirring, until its complete happy and harmonious rear adding 15g thionamic acid, stirring makes it be dissolved in allyl polyglycol fully, slowly adding 1.35g concentration is 98% the vitriol oil, be warming up to 120 ℃, isothermal reaction 5 hours.
2), the 150g deionized water is added above-mentioned reaction flask, use the nitrogen purging reaction vessel while stirring, and be warming up to 80 ℃, then that 34g monomer b is mixed mutually with 8g monomer c and deionized water 28g, stir into uniform monomer solution, it is added dropwise to reaction flask, and time for adding is 3 hours, and to drip simultaneously 80g concentration be 10% ammonium persulfate aqueous solution, time for adding is 3 hours, dropwise rear insulation reaction 4 hours, be cooled to room temperature, add the alkali pH value 6.5 that neutralizes.
Embodiment 3
1), in the reaction flask that thermometer, agitator, nitrogen ingress pipe and reflux exchanger are housed, adds 120g allyl polyglycol (M=2400), heat while stirring, until its complete happy and harmonious rear adding 15g thionamic acid, stirring makes it be dissolved in allyl polyglycol fully, slowly adding 1.35g concentration is 98% the vitriol oil, be warming up to 120 ℃, isothermal reaction 5 hours.
2), the 150g deionized water is added above-mentioned reaction flask, use the nitrogen purging reaction vessel while stirring, and be warming up to 80 ℃, then that 34g monomer b is mixed mutually with 8g Hydroxyethyl acrylate and deionized water 28g, stir into uniform monomer solution, it is added dropwise to reaction flask, and time for adding is 3 hours, and to drip simultaneously 80g concentration be 10% ammonium persulfate aqueous solution, time for adding is 3 hours, dropwise rear insulation reaction 4 hours, be cooled to room temperature, add the alkali pH value 6.5 that neutralizes.
Reference examples 1
In the reaction flask that thermometer, agitator, nitrogen ingress pipe and reflux exchanger are housed, add 120g allyl polyglycol (M=2400) and 150g deionized water, use the nitrogen purging reaction vessel while stirring, and be warming up to 80 ℃, then be that 60% the dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate aqueous solution is added dropwise to reaction flask with 70g concentration, time for adding is 3 hours, and to drip simultaneously 80g concentration be 10% ammonium persulfate aqueous solution, time for adding is 3 hours, dropwise rear insulation reaction 4 hours, be cooled to room temperature, add the alkali pH value 6.5 that neutralizes.
Reference examples 2
1), in the reaction flask that thermometer, agitator, nitrogen ingress pipe and reflux exchanger are housed, adds 120g allyl polyglycol (M=2400), heat while stirring, until its complete happy and harmonious rear adding 15g thionamic acid, stirring makes it be dissolved in allyl polyglycol fully, slowly adding 1.35g concentration is 98% the vitriol oil, be warming up to 120 ℃, isothermal reaction 5 hours.
2), the 150g deionized water is added above-mentioned reaction flask, use the nitrogen purging reaction vessel while stirring, and be warming up to 80 ℃, then be that 60% acrylic acid aqueous solution is added dropwise to reaction flask with 70g concentration, time for adding is 3 hours, and to drip simultaneously 80g concentration be 10% ammonium persulfate aqueous solution, time for adding is 3 hours, dropwise rear insulation reaction 4 hours, be cooled to room temperature, add the alkali pH value 6.5 that neutralizes.
Application Example
Concrete test
The test concrete mix is C:F:S:G
Greatly: G
Little=270:80:768:680:460(C: cement, F: flyash, S: sand, G
Greatly: large stone, G
Little: handstone), test-results sees Table 1.Test-results shows: reference examples 1,2 by contrast, with the concrete initial flow degree of the embodiment of the invention 1～embodiment 3 configurations large and protect collapse effective.
Table 1 concrete slump rheological parameters' change with time (28 ℃ of test temperatures)
Claims (10)
1. polycarboxylate water-reducer is characterized in that this water reducer is by comprising that following raw material prepares:
1) large monomer a: by the described polyethers of general formula (1) and thionamic acid esterification occurs under the acid catalyst condition and generate;
Polyethers macromole described in the general formula (1) is the oxyalkylene polymer of weight-average molecular weight 400 to 2400, R
1And R
2Be H or methyl, wherein n is that 8～54, m is 0～5;
2) monomer b structural formula is as follows:
Above-mentioned large monomer a, monomer b forms by 75%～90% and 5%～25% weight percent mixing copolymerization respectively.
2. a kind of polycarboxylate water-reducer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: this water reducer comprises that monomer c copolymerization forms, monomer c weight ratio 0～10%, the structural formula of monomer c is as follows:
。
3. a kind of polycarboxylate water-reducer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: this water reducer comprises that monomer d copolymerization forms, monomer d weight ratio 0～25%, the structural formula of monomer d is as follows:
In the formula, R
3Hydrogen atom or methyl, R
4Hydrogen atom or methyl, ethyl, CH
2CH
2OH.
4. a kind of polycarboxylate water-reducer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: this water reducer comprises that monomer c and monomer d copolymerization form, and the total amount of monomer c and monomer d is 5%～20%, and the total amount maximum of monomer b, monomer c and monomer d is no more than 25%;
The structural formula of monomer c is as follows:
The structural formula of monomer d is as follows:
In the formula, R
3Hydrogen atom or methyl, R
4Hydrogen atom or methyl, ethyl, CH
2CH
2OH.
5. the described a kind of polycarboxylate water-reducer of any one claim according to claim 1～4, it is characterized in that: n is 15～40.
6. a kind of polycarboxylate water-reducer according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: n is 18～30.
7. the described a kind of polycarboxylate water-reducer of any one claim according to claim 1～4, it is characterized in that: m is 3～5.
8. the described a kind of polycarboxylate water-reducer of any one claim according to claim 1～4, it is characterized in that: the mol ratio of polyethers and thionamic acid is 1:0.8～4.5.
9. a preparation method who prepares polycarboxylate water-reducer claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the method comprises the steps:
1), in the reaction unit that thermometer, agitator, nitrogen ingress pipe and reflux exchanger are housed, adds the described polyethers of general formula (1), heat while stirring, until its complete happy and harmonious rear adding thionamic acid, the mol ratio of polyethers and thionamic acid is 1:0.8～4.5, and the consumption of acid catalyst is 0.4%～3.0% of reactant gross weight; Temperature of reaction is 100～140 ℃, and the reaction times is 4～7 hours;
2), a certain amount of deionized water is added above-mentioned reaction unit, use the nitrogen purging reaction vessel while stirring, and be warming up to 70～90 ℃, drip monomer b, initiator solution, time for adding is 3～4 hours, dropwises rear insulation reaction 3～4 hours, be cooled to room temperature, add alkali pH value to 6.5～7.0 that neutralize.
10. the preparation method of polycarboxylate water-reducer according to claim 9, it is characterized in that: step 2) in the initiator solution that adopts be conventional free radical water soluble starter, comprise Potassium Persulphate, Sodium Persulfate or ammonium persulphate, join whole initiators in the reaction mixture should account for to add the monomer total amount be 0.1～5%, polymerization reaction monomer concentration is 30%～60%.
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Address after: Five Zhejiang province Deqing County town Longqiao 313201 Applicant after: Zhejiang Wulong New Materials Co., Ltd. Address before: Five 313201 Zhejiang city of Huzhou province Deqing County Longqiao town Zhejiang Wulong chemical Limited by Share Ltd Applicant before: Zhejiang Wulong Chemical Co., Ltd. |
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