CN102355071A - Built-in permanent-magnetic motor rotor and motor comprising same - Google Patents
Built-in permanent-magnetic motor rotor and motor comprising same Download PDFInfo
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- CN102355071A CN102355071A CN2011102954256A CN201110295425A CN102355071A CN 102355071 A CN102355071 A CN 102355071A CN 2011102954256 A CN2011102954256 A CN 2011102954256A CN 201110295425 A CN201110295425 A CN 201110295425A CN 102355071 A CN102355071 A CN 102355071A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a built-in permanent-magnetic motor rotor, which comprises a rotating shaft and a rotor iron core, wherein the rotor iron core comprises a pole shoe, at least one permanent magnet body is arranged inside the pole shoe, and the outer circle of the pole shoe is provided with a plurality of grooves. The invention also discloses a motor, which comprises a stator and the rotor. Due to the adoption of the built-in permanent-magnetic motor rotor, the waveform of an air gap field of the motor can be improved, fundamental wave times of the cogging torque fluctuation can be increased, the cogging fundamental wave and the ultra-harmonics torque amplitude can be reduced, and the torque fluctuation caused by the cogging can be reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to motor, particularly the rotor of motor the invention still further relates to the motor that comprises this rotor.
Background technology
Electric automobile is as cleaning, energy-conservation new traffic tool, and its maximum advantage is " zero discharge ".Because it does not pollute in the process of moving, thermal radiation is low, and noise is little, does not consume gasoline, can use various energy resources, uses easy to maintenancely, becomes current automobile and researches and develops focus.Driving control system for electric machine is the main execution architecture in the electric automobile during traveling process; Its drive system is the heart of electric automobile; Fuel cell car in the electric automobile (FCV), hybrid vehicle (HEV) and pure electric automobile (EV) three major types all will come drive wheels to travel with motor, and optimizing electric machine structure is the key factor that improves all kinds of electric automobile cost performances.
Be applicable to aspect the exploitation of used for electric vehicle high-quality permanent magnet drive motors at present; Also exist various technical bottlenecks; Have that noise is big, torque ripple is big, power density is low, overload capacity is low and defective such as poor reliability, be difficult to satisfy the requirement of industrialization.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the defective of above-mentioned prior art, a kind of interior permanent magnet machines rotor and the motor that comprises this rotor are provided, it has the advantage that response is fast, noise is low and reliability is high, and has improved its overload capacity.
For reaching above purpose, the solution that the present invention adopted is:
Technical scheme of the present invention comprises a kind of rotor, comprises pole shoe, is provided with at least one permanent magnet in this pole shoe, and this pole shoe cylindrical is provided with a plurality of grooves.
Wherein, this permanent magnet is the in-line magnet steel.
The cylindrical of this pole shoe is non-concentric arcs curved surface.
This groove is semi-circular groove or dovetail groove.
Between the magnetic pole of magnet steel, be provided with at a distance from the magnetic magnetic bridge.
Perhaps, wherein, this permanent magnet is the V-arrangement magnet steel.
This groove is semi-circular groove or dovetail groove, and this pole shoe circumferencial direction is opened even circular hole.
Between the magnetic pole of magnet steel, be provided with at a distance from the magnetic magnetic bridge.
Technical scheme of the present invention comprises a kind of motor again, comprises stator and above-mentioned rotor.
Owing to adopted such scheme; The present invention has following characteristics: improve the motor gas-gap field waveform; Improve the first-harmonic number of times of cogging torque fluctuation; Reduce teeth groove first-harmonic and high order harmonic component torque amplitude; Reduce the torque ripple that teeth groove causes; Make the synthetic torque ripple of motor significantly reduce (reducing 35-45%); Suppress static and dynamic armature reaction; D axle and q axle radial load are tended to balance; Reduce mechanical oscillation, the centrifugal force in the time of can significantly reducing the rotor high-speed operation helps the motor frequent starting; Improve overload capacity, make motor have high output; High reliability; Low fluctuation; Fast-response; Low noise; Characteristics such as miniaturization and and even running.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the sketch map of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the local enlarged diagram of the embodiment of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the cogging torque of motor before and after p-m rotor is optimized and the chart that the anglec of rotation concerns waveform.
Fig. 4 is a kind of sketch map of variation of the embodiment of Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is the sketch map that the another kind of the embodiment of Fig. 1 changes.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing illustrated embodiment.
The torque ripple that causes by the electromagnetism reason; Produce machinery and electromagnetic noise; Influence motor even running and reliability; It is divided into two kinds: a kind of is cogging torque; It is the torque that stator teeth groove and rotor permanent magnet interact and produce; This torque causes fluctuation with the locus do cyclic variation, and it and stator current have nothing to do; Another kind is the ripple torque, i.e. the harmonic torque that is caused by electric current and counter potential waveform difference.The torque ripple of automobile permanent magnet synchronous motor is the stack of cogging torque and ripple torque.Countries in the world electromechanics trade and R&D institution are all in the research of trying hard to reduce the motor torque fluctuation; As adopt mark channel process, auxiliary channel process, auxiliary tooth method, skewed slot method, oblique utmost point method, the channel process of remaining silent and magnetize slot wedge method etc.; Cut both ways, it is always undesirable to eliminate the slot effect measure.The skewed slot or the oblique utmost point also can reduce torque ripple; But skewed slot, tiltedly utmost point method is influential to square wave motor gas-gap magnetic flux density flat-top width, and skewed stator slot can influence the groove area that accounts for of conductor simultaneously, and copper loss is increased; Both all reduce and exert oneself, and are the complex structures that makes motor.
Fig. 1 is the generalized section of the embodiment of the invention.This automobile-used drive motors and low noise low-fluctuation permanent magnetic rotor thereof; Comprise stator and rotor in casing and the casing; Stator comprises stator core and the stator winding that is fixed on casing inner wall, and stator core comprises stator yoke 5, stator slot 6 and stator tooth 7, and rotor comprises rotating shaft 9 and rotor core 3.
Improve the first-harmonic number of times (frequency) of cogging torque fluctuation; Just can effectively reduce teeth groove first-harmonic and high order harmonic component torque amplitude; Reduce the torque fluctuations that teeth groove causes; For a long time; One of measure that improves the reduction torque fluctuations is exactly to increase number of stator slots, improves the first-harmonic number of times (frequency) of cogging torque fluctuation, but such complex manufacturing; The stator slot difficulty that rolls off the production line increases, and efficient also reduces; For a long time, two of the measure of raising reduction torque fluctuations is exactly stator core skewed slot (angle that the stator core axial torsion is certain), but makes complex manufacturing so equally, and the stator slot area is reduced, and reduction is exerted oneself, and loses more than gain.
Fig. 1 is built-in yi word pattern permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) profile that the pole shoe cylindrical leaves long semicircle orifice.Fig. 2 is the built-in yi word pattern magneto profile of pole shoe cylindrical recessing.Fig. 4 is the built-in yi word pattern p-m rotor that band non-uniform gap and pole shoe cylindrical are opened long semicircle orifice.Fig. 5 is the built-in V-type magneto profile that the pole shoe cylindrical leaves long semicircle orifice.
Like Fig. 1,2,4, the internal permanent magnet synchronous motor shown in 5 (IPMSM), magnet steel is built in rotor structure inside.Pole shoe 10 cylindricals of magnet steel 1 open long semicircle orifice 8 or pole shoe 10 cylindricals leave at least one groove 11.
Built-in and the surface-mounted advantage of comparing is: 1) production technology is simple.Adopt the rectangular strip magnet steel, be prone to process, magnetize, economize material and easy fixation; 2) rotor surface is level and smooth, good dynamic balance, and Stability Analysis of Structures helps high-speed cruising and Fraquent start; 3) rotor is typical salient-pole structure; Saliency (salient pole rate) is remarkable; Hand over the axle inductance greater than d-axis inductance (Lq>Ld); Make motor on the basis of permanent-magnet torque superposition reluctance torque; Reluctance torque have starting characteristic, overload capacity and a power density that helps improve motor; Be easy to weak-magnetic speed-regulating, enlarge permanent power bracket operation.
The effect of long semicircle orifice 8 of this that offer or groove 11 is as described below.According to top discussion; Improve the first-harmonic number of times (frequency) of cogging torque fluctuation; Just can effectively reduce teeth groove first-harmonic and high order harmonic component torque amplitude; Reduce the torque fluctuations that teeth groove causes, for a long time, one of measure that improves the reduction torque fluctuations is exactly to increase number of stator slots; Improve the first-harmonic number of times (frequency) of cogging torque fluctuation; Difficulty increases but complex manufacturing like this, stator slot roll off the production line, and efficient also reduces; For a long time, two of the measure of raising reduction torque fluctuations is exactly stator core skewed slot (angle that the stator core axial torsion is certain), but makes complex manufacturing so equally, and the stator slot area is reduced, and reduction is exerted oneself, and loses more than gain; Internal permanent magnet synchronous motor pole shoe 10 cylindricals are opened long semicircle orifice 8 and are opened at least one groove 11 with pole shoe 10 cylindricals; Be equivalent to increase the groove number of motor; Advantage is: under the condition that does not increase number of slots; Can improve the first-harmonic number of times (frequency) of cogging torque fluctuation; Reduce teeth groove first-harmonic and high order harmonic component torque amplitude; Reduce the torque ripple that teeth groove causes, realize the speed governing even running.
Said structure not only can improve the first-harmonic number of times of cogging torque fluctuation effectively; Reduce teeth groove first-harmonic and high order harmonic component torque amplitude; Reduce the torque ripple that teeth groove causes; The synthetic torque ripple of motor is significantly reduced; And d axle and q axle radial load are tended to balance, reduce mechanical oscillation, the centrifugal force in the time of can significantly reducing the rotor high-speed operation; Help the motor frequent starting, improve overload capacity.Referring to Fig. 1,4,5, the variation that radial centrifugal force distributes causes mechanical oscillation, and when magnetic pole central authorities (d axle) locating surface during to stator tooth 7, the radial centrifugal force Fd of stator tooth 7 be a maximum.But between the magnetic pole (q axle) towards stator tooth 7, then the radial centrifugal force Fq of stator tooth 7 be a minimum.During the motor rotation, the difference in size of Fd and Fq and continuous alternate cause bigger mechanical oscillation.Therefore, reduce the difference of Fd and Fq, make both sizes be tending towards approaching, can effectively reduce the torque ripple that teeth groove causes.In Fig. 1,4,5; Open long semicircle orifice 8 at built-in yi word pattern or V-type permagnetic synchronous motor pole shoe 10 cylindrical central authorities; Reduce the difference of Fd and Fq; Reduced the variation of air-gap permeance; Thereby reduced the variation of air-gap field energy storage when rotor rotates; Weaken magnetic resistance moment, suppressed the torque fluctuations that teeth groove causes.Teeth groove moment is also claimed magnetic resistance moment, is critical defect in the drive system of electric automobile.
In addition, in Fig. 4, band non-uniform gap built-in type permanent-magnet rotor, rotating pole-piece 10 cylindricals are non-concentric arcs curved surface, form inhomogeneous symmetrical radial air gap.In Fig. 5, in the pole shoe 10 of built-in V-type magnet steel, circumferencial direction is opened even circular hole 12, and these technical measures all help suppressing torque ripple.
In Fig. 4, rotating pole-piece 10 cylindricals are non-concentric arcs curved surface, thereby form the band non-uniform gap; Significantly improve the motor gas-gap magnetic flux density waveforms, obtain sine wave magnetic field, neither reduce and exert oneself; Can reduce torque fluctuations significantly again, reduce electromechanics and electric noise, improve precision.
In Fig. 5; In the pole shoe 10 of built-in V-type magnet steel; Circumferencial direction is opened even circular hole 12, alleviates rotor quality, reduces core loss; Simultaneously; The existence of circular hole 12 has reduced the distortion of the air-gap field waveform that the armature reaction magnetic flux causes under the load in the pole shoe, improves the motor gas-gap magnetic flux density waveforms; Help suppressing torque fluctuations, and can effectively reduce the sharp increase of the armature reaction degaussing magnetic flux under the transient state situation such as electric motor starting, overload, counter-rotating suddenly.
Fig. 3 is that the cogging torque and the anglec of rotation of motor concerned waveform before and after p-m rotor was optimized.N is the cogging torque waveform of conventional similar magneto (pole shoe 10 does not leave long semicircle orifice or groove); M is that cogging torque waveform behind long semicircle orifice or the groove left by pole shoe; The latter significantly reduces the torque ripple that teeth groove causes, the synthetic torque ripple of motor is reduced reduce 35-45%.
Simultaneously, in Fig. 4,5, between magnetic pole, be provided with at a distance from magnetic magnetic bridge 13.Separated magnetic magnetic bridge design in the built-in rotor punching is crucial.Because at a distance from the magnetic magnetic bridge is that magnetic bridge designs narrowly more, and is just saturated more through the saturated leakage flux that limits permanent magnet in the motor that acquires a certain degree, magnetic capacity is just more little, and the magnetic flux of shunting is also just few more.But, at a distance from the too narrow mechanical strength that also can have influence on motor of magnetic magnetic bridge, should take all factors into consideration, must optimize the magnetic bridge width, guarantee mechanical strength and form saturable magnetic circuit, reduce leakage field, improve air gap flux density, thereby improve the power density and the torque density of motor.
Guarantee that at a distance from magnetic magnetic bridge 13 width the magnetic flux density of road through this cross section, place reaches capacity, T is a tesla of magnetic flux density unit, and permanent magnet flux is difficult to through forming leakage field, causes the power density of motor and torque density to reduce;
The magnet steel of two separate separation among Fig. 5 is formed built-in V-type magnet steel, built-in yi word pattern magnet steel in the alternate figures 1,2,4; The centrifugal force that rotor magnetic steel is caused reduces greatly; Mechanical strength at a distance from magnetic magnetic bridge 13 places increases, and it is narrower that separated magnetic magnetic bridge can design, and leakage flux still less.
The magnet steel of two separate separation is formed the V-type magnetic pole, when the polar arc width of the rotor outer surface that V-type magnet steel angle is faced is confirmed, regulates the α angle, i.e. the width of the magnet steel of two separate separation of scalable V-type makes that motor gas-gap magnetic is close to significantly improve.
Among Fig. 4 at a distance from magnetic magnetic bridge 13 in the outside of permanent magnetism groove 2, both resist leakage field jointly, the ability of anti-high speed centrifugation power has been strengthened in the existence of permanent magnetism groove 2 simultaneously;
Among Fig. 5, also be provided with pole shoe circular hole 12, circular hole 12 is left in pole shoe inside, alleviates rotor quality, reduces core loss and suppresses armature reaction, can effectively reduce the sharp increase of the armature reaction degaussing magnetic flux under the transient state situation such as electric motor starting, overload, counter-rotating suddenly.
In a word; Above-mentioned aggregate measures; Improve the motor gas-gap field waveform; Improve the first-harmonic number of times of cogging torque fluctuation; Reduce teeth groove first-harmonic and high order harmonic component torque amplitude; Reduce the torque ripple that teeth groove causes; Make the synthetic torque ripple of motor significantly reduce (reducing 35-45%); Suppress static and dynamic armature reaction; D axle and q axle radial load are tended to balance; Reduce mechanical oscillation; Anti-high speed centrifugation power reduces the rotor high-speed centrifugal force in when operation, the centrifugal force in the time of can significantly reducing the rotor high-speed operation with help the motor frequent starting; Improve overload capacity, make motor have low noise; Low fluctuation; High power density; Torque density; High reliability; Fast-response; Characteristics such as miniaturization and and even running.
The above-mentioned description to embodiment is can understand and use the present invention for ease of the those of ordinary skill of this technical field.The personnel of skilled obviously can easily make various modifications to these embodiment, and needn't pass through performing creative labour being applied in the General Principle of this explanation among other embodiment.Therefore, the invention is not restricted to the embodiment here, those skilled in the art are according to announcement of the present invention, and not breaking away from the improvement that category of the present invention makes and revise all should be within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a rotor comprises pole shoe, it is characterized in that: be provided with at least one permanent magnet in this pole shoe, this pole shoe cylindrical is provided with a plurality of grooves.
2. rotor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: this permanent magnet is the in-line magnet steel.
3. rotor according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the cylindrical of this pole shoe is non-concentric arcs curved surface.
4. according to claim 2 or 3 described rotors, it is characterized in that: this groove is semi-circular groove or dovetail groove.
5. rotor according to claim 4 is characterized in that: between the magnetic pole of magnet steel, be provided with at a distance from the magnetic magnetic bridge.
6. rotor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: this permanent magnet is the V-arrangement magnet steel.
7. rotor according to claim 6 is characterized in that: this groove is semi-circular groove or dovetail groove, and this pole shoe circumferencial direction is opened even circular hole.
8. rotor according to claim 7 is characterized in that, between the magnetic pole of magnet steel, is provided with at a distance from the magnetic magnetic bridge.
9. a motor comprises stator and rotor, it is characterized in that, this rotor is each described rotor of claim 1-8.
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CN103001441A (en) * | 2012-09-12 | 2013-03-27 | 佛山市威灵电子电器有限公司 | Rotor punching sheet of IPM (intelligent power module) direct-current brushless motor |
CN103078464A (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2013-05-01 | 上海特波电机有限公司 | Built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor |
CN103390983A (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2013-11-13 | 安徽巨一自动化装备有限公司 | Permanent-magnet synchronous motor rotor structure |
CN103929033A (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2014-07-16 | 西北工业大学 | Permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor structure with arched permanent magnet |
WO2015161668A1 (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2015-10-29 | 联合汽车电子有限公司 | Permanent magnet synchronous motor and rotor thereof |
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JP2017028921A (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2017-02-02 | 日立アプライアンス株式会社 | Permanent magnet synchronous machine and apparatus using the same |
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CN108023452A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-05-11 | 卧龙电气集团股份有限公司 | A kind of high-voltage explosion-proof frequency conversion drive three-phase permanent-magnetic synchronous motors |
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CN112165195A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-01 | 安徽美芝精密制造有限公司 | Motor and compressor |
JP2021072733A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2021-05-06 | 株式会社富士通ゼネラル | Rotor and electric motor |
CN112838695A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-05-25 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Stator and rotor structure of novel surface-mounted permanent magnet motor |
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JP2000333389A (en) * | 1999-05-18 | 2000-11-30 | Fujitsu General Ltd | Permanent magnet motor |
US20010030180A1 (en) * | 2000-04-14 | 2001-10-18 | Iron Spa | Process for the laser and/or plasma cutting of strips, particularly metal coils, and relative continuous cutting lines |
CN101436793A (en) * | 2007-11-12 | 2009-05-20 | 苏州工业园区和鑫电器有限公司 | High power wide velocity modulation built-in permanent magnet brushless wheel motor for electric automobile |
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CN103001441B (en) * | 2012-09-12 | 2016-08-03 | 佛山市威灵电子电器有限公司 | A kind of rotor punching of IPM DC Brushless Motor |
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CN103390983A (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2013-11-13 | 安徽巨一自动化装备有限公司 | Permanent-magnet synchronous motor rotor structure |
CN103929033A (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2014-07-16 | 西北工业大学 | Permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor structure with arched permanent magnet |
CN103929033B (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2016-08-24 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of permanent magnet is the permanent-magnetic synchronous motor rotor structure of arch |
WO2015161668A1 (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2015-10-29 | 联合汽车电子有限公司 | Permanent magnet synchronous motor and rotor thereof |
JP2017028921A (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2017-02-02 | 日立アプライアンス株式会社 | Permanent magnet synchronous machine and apparatus using the same |
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CN106374655A (en) * | 2016-10-24 | 2017-02-01 | 珠海凌达压缩机有限公司 | Motor rotor and permanent magnet motor with same |
CN107086744A (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2017-08-22 | 罗寿元 | Rotor ideal sine wave air-gap field permagnetic synchronous motor |
CN107086744B (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2023-06-06 | 河北双灿机械科技有限公司 | Rotor ideal sine wave air gap field permanent magnet synchronous motor |
WO2019038958A1 (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2019-02-28 | 株式会社 東芝 | Rotary electric machine |
JP2019041450A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2019-03-14 | 株式会社東芝 | Rotary electric machine |
CN108023452A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-05-11 | 卧龙电气集团股份有限公司 | A kind of high-voltage explosion-proof frequency conversion drive three-phase permanent-magnetic synchronous motors |
CN108023452B (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2024-05-24 | 卧龙电气南阳防爆集团股份有限公司 | High-voltage explosion-proof variable-frequency driving three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor |
CN108233574A (en) * | 2018-02-13 | 2018-06-29 | 安徽明腾永磁机电设备有限公司 | Rotor and permasyn morot |
CN110212666A (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2019-09-06 | 广州小鹏汽车科技有限公司 | Rotor punching structure, stator punching and electric machine structure |
JP2021072733A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2021-05-06 | 株式会社富士通ゼネラル | Rotor and electric motor |
WO2021084788A1 (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2021-05-06 | 株式会社富士通ゼネラル | Rotor and electric motor |
US12027918B2 (en) | 2019-10-31 | 2024-07-02 | Fujitsu General Limited | Rotor and electric motor |
CN112165195A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-01 | 安徽美芝精密制造有限公司 | Motor and compressor |
CN112838695A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-05-25 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Stator and rotor structure of novel surface-mounted permanent magnet motor |
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