CN102347906B - Multi-cast method and multi-cast network system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-cast method and a multi-cast network system. The method comprises the following steps that a multi-cast router requests multi-cast data from a multi-cast source according to a received multi-cast protocol message and sends the received multi-cast data to a first switchboard; the first switchboard is a switchboard which is closest to a user terminal in the multi-cast network system; and the first switchboard converts the multi-cast data from a multi-cast VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network) to one or a plurality of user VLANs and sends the multi-cast data to the user terminal in the user VLANs. With the invention, the network bandwidth utilization rate during multi-cast can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the communications field, relate in particular to a kind of method of multicasting and multicast network system.
Background technology
Multicast refers to that between sender and each recipient, realizing point-to-multipoint network connects.If a sender transmits identical data to a plurality of recipients simultaneously, also only need to send a identical data packet.It has improved data-transmission efficiency, has reduced backbone network and has occurred congested possibility.
Along with the development in broadband, the growing of multimedia related service demand stimulated the universal of IP multicasting technology and developed, and becomes the indispensable key technology of new generation network.
Current multicast realization mechanism is: the multicast routing protocol running on multicast router is responsible for the terminal multicast router to connection user terminal by transmitting multicast data, and terminal multicast router moves multicast routing protocol and IGMP (IGMP) agreement simultaneously.IGMP agreement runs on user terminal and with it directly between connected multicast router, realizes collection and the maintenance of the network group membership relation that networks.Terminal multicast router is learnt the multicast requirement of downstream user terminal by IGMP agreement, by multicast routing protocol, the multicast packet application of needs is got off, and is transmitted to user terminal.
Existing Layer 2 Multicast related protocol has IGMP Snooping (catching) and IGMP Proxy (agency).The realization mechanism of IGMP Snooping is: switch is sent to the mode of the IGMP Report Message of router by listen for user terminal, forms the corresponding relation of group membership and exchange interface; Switch is only transmitted to the multicast packet of receiving the interface with group membership according to this corresponding relation.Thereby avoided the multicast formula that floods in VLAN (VLAN) to transmit the unnecessary flow causing.IGMP Proxy is identical with IGMP Snooping practical function but mechanism is different: IGMP Snooping just obtains for information about by intercepting the message of IGMP, IGMP Proxy has tackled terminal use's IGMP message and has gone forward side by side after line correlation processing, then it is transmitted to upper strata router.
Existing M-VLAN retransmission technique is on the basis of IGMP Snooping, by the multicast packet that originally need to send in a plurality of VLAN, be integrated in a unified M-VLAN and send, solved the problem of IGMP Snooping technology waste Access Network bandwidth resources.
Existing multicast forwarding technology not can solve the problem of bandwidth resources waste, and (dotted line represents multicast traffic stream) as shown in Figure 1, on convergence switch C, realizing multicast travelling across VLAN copy function, switch A and B realize IGMP Snooping function.Multicast packet is in M-VLAN 10, by multicast router R, be forwarded to after convergence switch C, multicast packet is copied in user's VLAN 5 and VLAN 6, then two parts of identical multicast packets are sent to the switch b in downstream, switch b forwards the multicast packet of two parts of repetitions to switch A, and switch A is transmitted to respectively user terminal 1 and user terminal 2 by the user who the listens to situation of asking by two parts of different multicast packets of VLAN.
Visible, at convergence switch C, to the multicast packet that has repetition on the link of switch A, when downstream customer volume is larger, can cause great bandwidth waste, have a strong impact on network resource utilization.Simultaneously because convergence switch need to copy a large amount of multicast packets, very high to its performance requirement, in real world applications, be also difficult for realizing.
The another one defect of prior art is on convergence switch, to only have a M-VLAN, all multicast packets do not add forwarding in a M-VLAN of differentiation, can not to multicast packet, distinguish and isolation flexibly, and then cause can not meeting user demand under some special application scenarios.For example, when having a plurality of multicast sources to provide multicast service, from the multicast packet of different multicast sources, may use identical multicast address (will guarantee there will not be identical address, just need human configuration, increase the complexity of network operation) simultaneously.At this moment, the switch in downstream and end user cannot distinguish multicast packet that these two group addresss are identical, although a thousand li that their entrained information may be uncorrelated mutually, even poor.The meeting that is finally forwarded to user is two parts of multicast packets, and that a copy of it is user is at all unwanted.Both waste bandwidth, also may affect customer service.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is how in multicast, to improve network bandwidth utilization factor.
In order to address the above problem, the invention provides a kind of method of multicasting, comprising:
Multicast router from multicast source request multicast packet, sends to first switch by the multicast packet of receiving according to the multicast protocol message receiving; Described the first switch is the nearest switch of multicast network system middle distance user terminal;
Described the first switch by described multicast packet from multicast virtual local area network VLAN internal conversion in one or more user vlans, and send to the user terminal in this user vlan.
Further, the multicast protocol message that described multicast router is received is in M-VLAN; Described M-VLAN comprises one or more.
Further, when having a plurality of M-VLAN, described multicast router also comprises from the step of multicast source request multicast packet according to the multicast protocol message receiving:
The second switch when receiving multicast protocol message, according to the first corresponding relation of preserving by multicast protocol message from user vlan internal conversion in M-VLAN, then send to described multicast router; Described the second switch is the nearest switch of multicast router described in multicast network system middle distance;
Described the first corresponding relation is the corresponding relation between port, user vlan sign, multicast group address and M-VLAN sign.
Further, when having a plurality of M-VLAN, described the first switch refers to from M-VLAN internal conversion described multicast packet in one or more user vlans:
Described the first switch is according to the second corresponding relation, by described multicast packet from M-VLAN internal conversion in corresponding multicast outbound port and one or more user vlan;
Described the second corresponding relation is the corresponding relation between the user vlan sign that M-VLAN sign, multicast group address, multicast outbound port and each multicast outbound port are corresponding.
Further, described user/M-VLAN is designated numeral, and described multicast group address is IP address.
The present invention also provides a kind of multicast network system, comprising: multicast router, one or more switch; In described one or more switch, at least comprise the first switch that distance users terminal is nearest;
Multicast router, the multicast protocol message receiving for basis, from multicast source request multicast packet, sends to the first switch by the multicast packet of receiving;
Described the first switch for by described multicast packet from M-VLAN internal conversion in one or more user vlans, and send to the user terminal in this user vlan.
Further, the multicast protocol message that described multicast router is received is in M-VLAN; Described M-VLAN comprises one or more.
Further, when having a plurality of M-VLAN, in described one or more switches, also comprise:
Distance the second nearest switch of described multicast router, for when receive multicast protocol message, according to the first corresponding relation of preservation by multicast protocol message from user vlan internal conversion in M-VLAN, then send to described multicast router;
Described the first corresponding relation is the corresponding relation between port, user vlan sign, multicast group address and M-VLAN sign.
Further, when having a plurality of M-VLAN, described the first switch refers to from M-VLAN internal conversion described multicast packet in one or more user vlans:
Described the first switch is according to the second corresponding relation, by described multicast packet from M-VLAN internal conversion in corresponding multicast outbound port and one or more user vlan;
Described the second corresponding relation is the corresponding relation between the user vlan sign that M-VLAN sign, multicast group address, multicast outbound port and each multicast outbound port are corresponding.
Further, described user/M-VLAN is designated numeral, and described multicast group address is IP address.
The present invention fully moves down the copy-point of multicast packet, has improved network bandwidth utilization factor, and has alleviated the operating load of convergence switch, has optimized network performance, has reduced network load.Prioritization scheme of the present invention proposes many M-VLAN registrations and copy function, has realized the flexible forwarding of multicast packet, and can realize according to difference and need to distinguish control to multicast packet, has met the demand of a lot of special applications scenes; And can in original single multicast vlan basis, expand, can be integrated into well in original system, compatible good, it is convenient to realize.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the work schematic diagram of multicast network system in prior art;
Fig. 2 is the schematic flow sheet of object lesson of the method for multicasting of embodiment mono-.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in detail.
It should be noted that, if do not conflicted, each feature in the embodiment of the present invention and embodiment can mutually combine, all within protection scope of the present invention.In addition, although show logical order in the flow chart of accompanying drawing, in some cases, can carry out shown or described step with the order being different from herein.
Embodiment mono-, and a kind of method of multicasting, comprising:
Multicast router from multicast source request multicast packet, sends to first switch by the multicast packet of receiving according to the multicast protocol message receiving; Described the first switch is the nearest switch of multicast network system middle distance user terminal;
Described the first switch by described multicast packet from M-VLAN internal conversion in one or more user vlans, and send to the user terminal in this user vlan.
" distance users terminal is nearest " in the present embodiment do not refer to physical distance, and refers to that the equipment of process while transmitting data in multicast network system and between user terminal is minimum; Than in multicast network system as shown in Figure 1, switch A is described the first switch, and switch b, C are intermediary switch; According to the method for the present embodiment, by switch A, multicast packet is transformed in user vlan 5 and 6, namely carry out many multicast packets VLAN copy function, then by user vlan 5 and user vlan 6, send to user terminal 1 and 2 respectively; Can find out, while only transmitting between switch A and user terminal due to the multicast packet copying, occur, between switch C and B, do not occur between B and A.
It is that the location comparison of multicast packet copy-point in forwarding level is high that prior art causes the main cause of bandwidth resources wastes, approaches multicast router, and this just causes having on the equipment in copy-point downstream the multicast traffic stream of a large amount of repetitions.And the present embodiment fully moves down the copy-point of multicast packet, on the nearest switch of distance users, carry out copying of multicast packet, therefore can save network bandwidth resources, multicast is kept to zero to the waste of bandwidth; In addition multicast packet replication work has been transferred in downstream switch, also alleviated the load of convergence switch or Network Management Equipment.
In the present embodiment, described multicast router can directly send to described the first switch by network by multicast packet, also can send to described the first switch by one or more other switches; Between described multicast router and user terminal, transmit the switch of process be called intermediary switch; Described intermediary switch realizes the basic forwarding capability of multicast, multicast enabled listening functions on only need the intermediary switch outside the first interchanger, it is forwarded substantially by multicast listener function, do not need to participate in other relevant treatment, do not need additionally to realize new function, can directly use the switch in existing multicast network system, therefore be easy to network upgrade, compatible good.
In the present embodiment, multicast enabled routing function and IGMP function on described multicast router, thereby make the multicast router can be to multicast source application by multicast packet, the IGMP message of sending by termination downstream switch, be converted to multicast routing protocol message, multicast packet is guided to this multicast router.Multicast router can be safeguarded by IGMP agreement the multicast member relation of downstream group broadcasting user simultaneously.It should be noted that multicast protocol message that multicast router receives is all in M-VLAN.
In the present embodiment, described M-VLAN can comprise one or more, and corresponding, the multicast protocol message that multicast router is received can be in a M-VLAN, can be also in a plurality of M-VLAN.
In the present embodiment, when having a plurality of M-VLAN, described multicast router can also comprise from the step of multicast source request multicast packet according to the multicast protocol message receiving:
The second switch, when receiving multicast protocol message, (is realized many M-VLAN registering functional) from user vlan internal conversion by multicast protocol message according to the first corresponding relation of preserving in M-VLAN, then sends to described multicast router;
Described the first corresponding relation is the corresponding relation between user access port, user vlan sign, multicast group address and M-VLAN sign; Described user vlan and M-VLAN sign can be, but not limited to as numeral, and described multicast group address can be, but not limited to the address into IP;
Described the second switch is the nearest switch of multicast router described in multicast network system middle distance; Same, " nearest apart from multicast router " here neither refer to physical distance, and refers to that the equipment of process while transmitting data in multicast network system and between multicast router is minimum, such as the convergence switch C in Fig. 1 is exactly the second switch.
In the present embodiment, when between described multicast router and user terminal during only through a switch, first, second switch is same switch.
While realizing many M-VLAN registrations, need the first corresponding relation of configure user VLAN sign, user access port and multicast group address and M-VLAN sign.When described the second switch is received user's multicast protocol message from certain user vlan or certain port, can carry out the registration of many M-VLAN according to the first corresponding relation of configuration.It is a similar M-VLAN registration relation table below that described the first corresponding relation can be, but not limited to, and by the second switch, is safeguarded, index is user access port, user vlan sign and multicast group address.
Table one, M-VLAN registration relation table
| User access port | User vlan sign | Multicast group IP address | M-VLAN sign |
| 2 | 11 | 239.1.1.1 | 8 |
| 6 | 11 | 239.1.1.1 | 9 |
| 18 | 22 | 239.1.1.2 | 10 |
Notice that the conversion of VLAN is unidirectional herein, from down, swim over to the conversion of updrift side, and be only confined to the VLAN conversion to multicast protocol message, multicast data message is not changed.Here multicast data message is not copied, object is to reduce offered load, coordinates downstream to enable the switch of many replication of a multicast VLAN, and multicast replication point is moved down.
In the present embodiment, when having a plurality of M-VLAN, described the first switch specifically can refer to described multicast packet in from M-VLAN internal conversion to one or more user vlans:
Described the first switch is according to the second corresponding relation, by described multicast packet from M-VLAN internal conversion in corresponding multicast outbound port and one or more user vlan; Described the second corresponding relation is the corresponding relation between the user vlan sign that M-VLAN sign, multicast group address, multicast outbound port and each multicast outbound port are corresponding; Described user/M-VLAN sign can be, but not limited to as numeral, and described multicast group address can be, but not limited to the address into IP;
During multicast packet in the first switch receives a plurality of M-VLAN, should be according to described corresponding relation, determine M-VLAN sign and the corresponding multicast outbound port of multicast group address and the user vlan sign of multicast packet, thereby multicast packet is copied in corresponding multicast outbound port and user vlan.It is that similar many M-VLAN shown in are below transmitted that described the second corresponding relation can be, but not limited to, and by the first switch, is safeguarded, the M-VLAN of take sign and multicast group address are index, record corresponding multicast outbound port and user vlan and identify.
Table two, many M-VLAN are transmitted
| M-VLAN sign | Multicast ip address | Outbound port | The user vlan identification list that outbound port is corresponding |
| 8 | 239.1.1.1 | 2 | 11，12，13 |
| 9 | 239.1.1.1 | 6 | 18 |
| 10 | 239.1.1.2 | 18 | 22，23，24 |
The present embodiment is introduced a plurality of M-VLAN, with the nearest switch of multicast router on realize the registration of many M-VLAN, can carry out to multicast packet isolation and the control of refinement more, thereby improve the flexibility of multicast forwarding, meet special applications scene.
The system shown in Fig. 1 of usining below illustrates the present embodiment as object lesson, supposes to have a plurality of M-VLAN, and its flow process as shown in Figure 2, comprising:
Described in multicast network system middle distance, the nearest switch C of multicast router R is when receiving multicast protocol message, according to the first corresponding relation of preserving by multicast protocol message from user vlan internal conversion in M-VLAN, then send to described multicast router R; Described the first corresponding relation is the corresponding relation between user access port, user vlan sign, multicast group address and M-VLAN sign;
Multicast router R from multicast source request multicast packet, sends to the nearest switch A of distance users terminal 1/2 by the multicast packet of receiving by switch C, B according to the multicast protocol message receiving;
Described switch A is according to the second corresponding relation, by described multicast packet from M-VLAN internal conversion in corresponding multicast outbound port and one or more user vlan; Described the second corresponding relation is the corresponding relation between the user vlan sign that M-VLAN sign, multicast group address, multicast outbound port and each multicast outbound port are corresponding.
Embodiment bis-, and a kind of multicast network system, comprising:
One or more switches, wherein at least comprise the first switch that distance users terminal is nearest;
Multicast router, the multicast protocol message receiving for basis, from multicast source request multicast packet, sends to the first switch by the multicast packet of receiving;
Described the first switch for by described multicast packet from M-VLAN internal conversion in one or more user vlans, and send to the user terminal in this user vlan.
" distance users terminal is nearest " in the present embodiment do not refer to physical distance, and refers to that the equipment of process while transmitting data in multicast network system and between user terminal is minimum.
The present embodiment fully moves down the copy-point of multicast packet, on the nearest switch of distance users, carries out copying of multicast packet, therefore can save network bandwidth resources, and multicast is kept to zero to the waste of bandwidth; In addition multicast packet replication work has been transferred in downstream switch, also alleviated the load of convergence switch or Network Management Equipment.
In the present embodiment, described multicast router can directly send to described the first switch by network by multicast packet, also can send to described the first switch by one or more other switches (being called intermediary switch herein).
In the present embodiment, multicast enabled routing function and IGMP function on described multicast router, thereby make the multicast router can be to multicast source application by multicast packet, the IGMP message of sending by termination downstream switch, be converted to multicast routing protocol message, multicast packet is guided to this multicast router.Multicast router can be safeguarded by IGMP agreement the multicast member relation of downstream group broadcasting user simultaneously.It should be noted that multicast protocol message that multicast router receives is all in M-VLAN.
In the present embodiment, described M-VLAN can comprise one or more, and corresponding, the multicast protocol message that multicast router is received can be in a M-VLAN, can be also in a plurality of M-VLAN.
In the present embodiment, when having a plurality of M-VLAN, in described one or more switches, can also comprise: the second nearest switch of the described multicast router of distance; Same, " nearest apart from multicast router " here neither refer to physical distance, and refers to that the equipment of process while transmitting data in multicast network system and between multicast router is minimum;
Described the second switch, for when receiving multicast protocol message, (is realized many M-VLAN registrations) from user vlan internal conversion by multicast protocol message according to the first corresponding relation of preserving in M-VLAN, then sends to described multicast router;
Described the first corresponding relation is the corresponding relation between user access port, user vlan sign, multicast group address and M-VLAN sign; Described user/M-VLAN sign can be, but not limited to as numeral, and described multicast group address can be, but not limited to the address into IP.
In the present embodiment, when between described multicast router and user terminal during only through a switch, first, second switch is same switch.
In the present embodiment, when having a plurality of M-VLAN, described the first switch specifically can refer to described multicast packet in from M-VLAN internal conversion to one or more user vlans:
Described the first switch is according to the second corresponding relation, by described multicast packet from M-VLAN internal conversion in corresponding multicast outbound port and one or more user vlan; Described the second corresponding relation is the corresponding relation between the user vlan sign that M-VLAN sign, multicast group address, multicast outbound port and each multicast outbound port are corresponding; Described user/M-VLAN sign can be, but not limited to as numeral, and described multicast group address can be, but not limited to the address into IP.
The present embodiment is introduced a plurality of M-VLAN, with the nearest switch of multicast router on realize the registration of many M-VLAN, can carry out to multicast packet isolation and the control of refinement more, thereby improve the flexibility of multicast forwarding, meet special applications scene.
Other realizes details can be referring to embodiment mono-.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of step in said method can come instruction related hardware to complete by program, described program can be stored in computer-readable recording medium, as read-only memory, disk or CD etc.Alternatively, all or part of step of above-described embodiment also can realize with one or more integrated circuits.Correspondingly, each the module/unit in above-described embodiment can adopt the form of hardware to realize, and also can adopt the form of software function module to realize.The present invention is not restricted to the combination of the hardware and software of any particular form.
Certainly; the present invention also can have other various embodiments; in the situation that not deviating from spirit of the present invention and essence thereof; those of ordinary skill in the art are when making according to the present invention various corresponding changes and distortion, but these corresponding changes and distortion all should belong to the protection range of claim of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a method of multicasting, comprising:
Multicast router from multicast source request multicast packet, sends to first switch by the multicast packet of receiving according to the multicast protocol message receiving; Described the first switch is the nearest switch of multicast network system middle distance user terminal;
Described the first switch according to the second corresponding relation of its maintenance by described multicast packet from multicast virtual local area network VLAN internal conversion in corresponding multicast outbound port and one or more user vlan, and send to the user terminal in this user vlan; Described the second corresponding relation is the corresponding relation between the user vlan sign that M-VLAN sign, multicast group address, multicast outbound port and each multicast outbound port are corresponding;
Wherein, the multicast protocol message that described multicast router is received is in M-VLAN; Described M-VLAN comprises one or more; When having a plurality of M-VLAN, described multicast router also comprises from the step of multicast source request multicast packet according to the multicast protocol message receiving:
The second switch when receiving multicast protocol message, according to the first corresponding relation of preserving by multicast protocol message from user vlan internal conversion in M-VLAN, then send to described multicast router; Described the second switch is the nearest switch of multicast router described in multicast network system middle distance;
Described the first corresponding relation is the corresponding relation between port, user vlan sign, multicast group address and M-VLAN sign.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that:
Described user/M-VLAN is designated numeral, and described multicast group address is IP address.
3. a multicast network system, comprising: multicast router, one or more switch; It is characterized in that:
In described one or more switch, at least comprise the first switch that distance users terminal is nearest;
Multicast router, the multicast protocol message receiving for basis, from multicast source request multicast packet, sends to the first switch by the multicast packet of receiving;
Described the first switch for according to the second corresponding relation of its maintenance by described multicast packet from M-VLAN internal conversion in corresponding multicast outbound port and one or more user vlan, and send to the user terminal in this user vlan; Described the second corresponding relation is the corresponding relation between the user vlan sign that M-VLAN sign, multicast group address, multicast outbound port and each multicast outbound port are corresponding;
The multicast protocol message that described multicast router is received is in M-VLAN; Described M-VLAN comprises one or more; When having a plurality of M-VLAN, in described one or more switches, also comprise:
Distance the second nearest switch of described multicast router, for when receive multicast protocol message, according to the first corresponding relation of preservation by multicast protocol message from user vlan internal conversion in M-VLAN, then send to described multicast router;
Described the first corresponding relation is the corresponding relation between port, user vlan sign, multicast group address and M-VLAN sign.
4. system as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that:
Described user/M-VLAN is designated numeral, and described multicast group address is IP address.
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| CN104811393B (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2019-02-26 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Multicast message duplication method, device and open flow controller |
| CN105281921B (en) * | 2014-06-10 | 2020-01-07 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method and device for realizing multicast of virtual desktop |
| CN104796630B (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2018-08-10 | 长沙楚风数码科技有限公司 | A kind of distributed signal switched transmission method |
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