CN102347141A - Preparation method for dye-sensitized cell light anode slurry - Google Patents
Preparation method for dye-sensitized cell light anode slurry Download PDFInfo
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- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/542—Dye sensitized solar cells
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- Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method for dye-sensitized cell light anode slurry, which has the following preparation processes: firstly, preparing titanium dioxide collosol by hydrolyzing titanium salt; then, obtaining titanium dioxide gel by hydrothermal synthesis; and preparing the gel subjected to ultrasonic dispersion onto a conductive substrate to form the dye-sensitized cell light anode. The titanium dioxide collosol nanoparticles prepared with the preparation method disclosed by the invention are free from agglomeration and are evenly distributed; after drying, a film has strong adhesive force and does not have cracks; and the light anode preparation technology is suitable for being applied to the large-area dye-sensitized solar cell.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the nano material preparation technical field, particularly a kind of preparation method of dye-sensitized cell light anode slurry.
Background technology
Along with the high speed development of human society, the mankind constantly increase demands for energy, and energy problem day by day becomes the focus that people pay close attention to.The principal mode of human use's energy is fossil energies such as oil, coal, natural gas at present.But as non-renewable energy resources, fossil energy can't satisfy human long-term demand.Solar energy has the incomparable advantage of other resource forms as a kind of renewable resource.Though the utilization of solar energy has caused scientist's interest very early, its application is not extensive.Up to the outburst of 1970's oil crisis, countries in the world just are used for research and development in the fund of the renewable energy source domain amount of having high input.Except the problem of simple reserves and economic aspect, the mankind also must consider another aspect---ecology and environmental problem.Combustion of fossil fuels (particularly coal) serious environment pollution, and, also can produce " greenhouse effect " along with the increasing of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
DSSC will become the representative of solar cell of new generation with its lower cost of manufacture and simple production technology.Semi-conducting electrode in the DSSC is to be prepared from having anatase structured titanium deoxid film.Because the energy gap of anatase structured titanium dioxide is 3.2eV, so have the short ultraviolet ray of wavelength that anatase structured titanium dioxide can only absorb the ratio seldom of accounting in the sunlight.The long light of the wavelength of the overwhelming majority then is not utilized in the sunlight.In order to make full use of the long part of sunlight medium wavelength, make it can adsorb sensitizing dyestuff that last layer can expand to absorbing light visible region thereby need process porous membrane to titanium dioxide to strengthen the absorption of light, improve electricity conversion.So DSSC is mainly by the semi-conducting electrode that is adsorbed with sensitizing dyestuff, constitute with the redox electrolytes matter between electrode and two electrodes of catalyst.The process that whole photoelectricity transforms comprises: (1) is adsorbed on dye molecule on the working electrode surface and receives and excite and transit to excitation state under the visible light effect; (2) because excitation state is unstable, and electronics is injected into the TiO2 conduction band than low-lying level very soon, this moment, dye molecule became oxidation state; (3) electronics that gets in the TiO2 conduction band transports in Na crystal porous membrane and is collected by electro-conductive glass, flows to electrode through external circuit then, produces photoelectric current; (4) dye molecule of oxidation state is reduced to ground state by the I-in the electrolyte, makes dye molecule obtain regeneration, and I-is oxidized to I-3.(5) I-3 in the while electrolyte is diffused into negative electrode (to electrode) and obtains electron reduction from negative electrode and becomes I-, accomplishes the circulation of an Optical Electro-Chemistry reaction.
Can find out that from above-mentioned process the preparation of titanium dioxide is a very critical step the manufacturing of DSSC, titanium deoxid film quality quality will be directly connected to the conversion efficiency of battery.And condition is not easy control, and final product possibly not reach the application that requirement can not be satisfied DSSC.
Summary of the invention
The preparation method who the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of titania nanoparticles concentration height, finely dispersed dye-sensitized cell light anode slurry.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, technical scheme provided by the invention is following: a kind of dye-sensitized cell light anode and preparation method thereof, and it carries out according to following steps:
Step 1: it is in the ice bath about 0 ℃ that acidic aqueous solution is remained on temperature, under intense agitation, titanium source solution is dropwise added in the acidic aqueous solution, and the hydrolysis of titanium source obtains clear solution;
Step 2: make in the solution solvent evaporates complete the clear solution vigorous stirring under 80 ℃ of constant temperatures that obtains, make TiO
2Dispersion of Particles evenly forms light blue clear solution;
Step 3: above-mentioned light blue clear solution is placed in the titanium system autoclave of embedded Teflon cup and carries out hydro-thermal reaction, obtain the TiO of white
2Deposition is treated the solution cooling ultrasonic dispersion in back, obtains TiO
2Solution;
Step 4: the TiO that obtains after accomplishing through hydro-thermal reaction
2Solution obtains TiO through concentration
2Colloidal solution;
Step 5: with TiO
2Colloidal solution carries out being prepared into after the ultrasonic dispersion and forms TiO on the conductive substrates
2The light anode.
Further, the titanium source solution in the said step 1) is tetraisopropyl titanate, butyl titanate, titanium tetrachloride or titanyl sulfate.
Further, the concentration of the titanium source solution in the said step 1) is 0.1-2mol/L.
Further, the acid solution in the said step 1) is nitric acid, acetic acid or hydrochloric acid.
Further, the temperature of hydro-thermal reaction is 80 ℃～250 ℃ in the said step 3), and the time is 4～36h.
Further, TiO in the said step 4)
2Solid content be the TiO of 5-25%
2Colloidal solution.
Further, conductive substrates is electro-conductive glass or flexible macromolecule electric conducting material in the said step 5).
Further, said step 5) specifically is with TiO
2Colloidal solution is put into ultrasonic 20min in the ultrasonic cell disruptor～60min and takes out, and leaves standstill behind the 5min TiO
2Colloidal solution sprays on the conductive substrates, and room temperature is put in the baking oven after placing 10min, at 150 ℃～450 ℃ insulation 30min, obtains dye-sensitized cell light anode TiO after the cooling naturally
2Film.
Method of the present invention prepares simple, with low cost.The concentrations of nanoparticles prepared is high, be uniformly dispersed, and the titanium deoxid film that makes does not ftracture, and ultrasonication simultaneously can produce cavitation makes liquid be in higher-order of oscillation state.Utilize ultrasonic wave can make nano-titania particle be in good dispersity, alleviate the agglomeration between nano-titania particle, simultaneously can the accelerated reaction thing in the mixing and the reaction of micro-scale.
The TiO 2 sol nano particle that the present invention prepares is not reunited, is evenly distributed, and dry rear film strong adhesion and film do not have crackle, and light anode preparation technology is fit to the application of large-area dye-sensitized solar battery.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the colloidal sol electromicroscopic photograph of the titanium dioxide of preparation.
Embodiment
Practical implementation of the present invention is following:
Hydrolytic process: it is in the ice bath about 0 ℃ that acidic aqueous solution remains on temperature, under intense agitation, titanium source solution is dropwise added in the acidic aqueous solution, and the hydrolysis of titanium source obtains clear solution.
Peptization course: will obtain clear solution vigorous stirring under 80 ℃ of constant temperatures and make in the solution solvent evaporates complete, this process can be destroyed the TiO that produces in the hydrolytic process
2Aggregation makes TiO
2Dispersion of Particles evenly forms light blue clear solution.
Water-heat process: above-mentioned light blue clear solution is placed in the titanium system autoclave of embedded teflon cup, hydro-thermal reaction under the condition of uniform temperature can obtain white TiO
2Deposition; Treat the solution cooling ultrasonic dispersion in back; TiO under the hydrothermal condition of HTHP
2Crystallization and growth more gradually obtained the nano-TiO of 10nm-30nm as shown in Figure 1 after particle dissolved again
2Particle; The temperature of water-heat process directly influences TiO
2Particle grain size distribution and crystal formation, thus the performance of membrane electrode influenced.
Concentration process: the TiO that behind water-heat process, obtains
2Colloidal solution obtains the TiO that final solid content is about 5-25% through handling
2Colloidal solution.
Film-forming process: TiO
2Ultrasonic dispersion a period of time of colloidal solution, the method through spin coating, spraying is prepared on the conductive substrates.
Embodiment 1
It is in the ice bath about 0 ℃ that the 300ml aqueous acetic acid of pH=2 remains on temperature.Under intense agitation, the tetraisopropyl titanate solution of 0.1mol/L is dropwise added in the aqueous acetic acid, the tetraisopropyl titanate hydrolysis obtains clear solution.Clear solution after the stir overnight is put into oil bath, and vigorous stirring obtains light blue clear solution under the condition of 80 ℃ of constant temperature.Above-mentioned light blue clear solution being placed in the titanium system autoclave of embedded Teflon cup, is hydro-thermal 4 hours under 250 ℃ the condition in temperature, and can obtain particle diameter is the white TiO of 13nm
2Deposition.The TiO that obtains behind the water-heat process
2Solution is constantly to stir evaporation in 120 ℃ the water-bath in temperature, obtains final solid content and is about 5% TiO2 colloidal solution.With TiO
2Colloidal solution is put into that ultrasonic 60min takes out in the ultrasonic cell disruptor, leaves standstill behind the 5min TiO
2Colloidal solution sprays in the electro-conductive glass substrate, and room temperature is put into 450 ℃ of insulation 30min in the Muffle furnace after placing 10min, obtains dye-sensitized cell light anode TiO after the cooling naturally
2Film.
Embodiment 2
It is in the ice bath about 0 ℃ that the 300ml aqueous solution of nitric acid of pH=2 remains on temperature.Under intense agitation, the butyl titanate solution of 2mol/L is dropwise added in the aqueous solution of nitric acid, tetrabutyl titanate hydrolysis obtains clear solution.Solution after the stir overnight is put into sand-bath, and vigorous stirring obtains light blue clear solution under the condition of 80 ℃ of constant temperature.Above-mentioned light blue clear solution being placed in the titanium system autoclave of embedded Teflon cup, is hydro-thermal 36 hours under 80 ℃ the condition in temperature, can obtain white TiO
2Deposition.The TiO that obtains behind the water-heat process
2Colloidal solution is constantly to stir evaporation in 120 ℃ the water-bath in temperature, obtains final solid content and is about 25% TiO
2Colloidal solution.With TiO
2Colloidal solution is put into that ultrasonic 60min takes out in the ultrasonic cell disruptor, leaves standstill behind the 5min TiO
2Colloidal solution is spun in the electro-conductive glass substrate, and room temperature is put into 150 ℃ of insulation 30min in the Muffle furnace after placing 10min, obtains dye-sensitized cell light anode TiO after the cooling naturally
2Film.
Embodiment 3
It is in the ice bath about 0 ℃ that the 300ml aqueous hydrochloric acid solution of pH=2 remains on temperature.Under intense agitation, the titanium tetrachloride solution of 1.0mol/L is dropwise added in the aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, titanium tetrachloride hydrolysis obtains clear solution.Solution after the stir overnight is put into sand-bath, and vigorous stirring obtains light blue clear solution under the condition of 80 ℃ of constant temperature.Above-mentioned light blue clear solution being placed in the titanium system autoclave of embedded Teflon cup, is hydro-thermal 4 hours under 200 ℃ the condition in temperature, can obtain white TiO
2Deposition.The TiO that obtains behind the water-heat process
2Colloidal solution is constantly to stir evaporation in 120 ℃ the water-bath in temperature, obtains final solid content and is about 5% TiO
2Colloidal solution.With TiO
2Colloidal solution is put into that ultrasonic 20min takes out in the ultrasonic cell disruptor, leaves standstill behind the 5min TiO
2Colloidal solution is spun in the electro-conductive glass substrate, and room temperature is put into 450 ℃ of insulation 30min in the Muffle furnace after placing 10min, obtains dye-sensitized cell light anode TiO after the cooling naturally
2Film.
Embodiment 4
It is in the ice bath about 0 ℃ that the 300ml aqueous solution of nitric acid of pH=2 remains on temperature.Under intense agitation, the titanyl sulfate solution of 1.0mol/L is dropwise added in the aqueous solution of nitric acid, the titanyl sulfate hydrolysis obtains clear solution.Solution after the stir overnight is put into sand-bath, and vigorous stirring obtains light blue clear solution under the condition of 80 ℃ of constant temperature.Above-mentioned light blue clear solution being placed in the titanium system autoclave of embedded Teflon cup, is hydro-thermal 16 hours under 230 ℃ the condition in temperature, can obtain white TiO
2Deposition.The TiO that obtains behind the water-heat process
2Colloidal solution is constantly to stir evaporation in 120 ℃ the water-bath in temperature, obtains final solid content and is about 10% TiO
2Colloidal solution.With TiO
2Colloidal solution is put into that ultrasonic 40min takes out in the ultrasonic cell disruptor, leaves standstill behind the 5min TiO
2Colloidal solution sprays in the compliant conductive substrate, and room temperature is put into 150 ℃ of insulation 30min in the baking oven after placing 10min, obtains dye-sensitized cell light anode TiO after the cooling naturally
2Film.
Embodiment 5
It is in the ice bath about 0 ℃ that the 300ml aqueous solution of nitric acid of pH=2 remains on temperature.Under intense agitation, the titanyl sulfate solution of 1.0mol/L is dropwise added in the aqueous solution of nitric acid, the titanyl sulfate hydrolysis obtains clear solution.Solution after the stir overnight is put into sand-bath, and vigorous stirring obtains light blue clear solution under the condition of 80 ℃ of constant temperature.Above-mentioned light blue clear solution being placed in the titanium system autoclave of embedded Teflon cup, is hydro-thermal 16 hours under 230 ℃ the condition in temperature, can obtain white TiO
2Deposition.The TiO that obtains behind the water-heat process
2Colloidal solution is constantly to stir evaporation in 120 ℃ the water-bath in temperature, obtains final solid content and is about 15% TiO
2Colloidal solution.With TiO
2Colloidal solution is put into that ultrasonic 40min takes out in the ultrasonic cell disruptor, leaves standstill behind the 5min TiO
2Colloidal solution sprays in the compliant conductive substrate, and room temperature is put into 300 ℃ of insulation 30min in the baking oven after placing 10min, obtains dye-sensitized cell light anode TiO after the cooling naturally
2Film.
Embodiment 6
It is in the ice bath about 0 ℃ that the 300ml aqueous acetic acid of pH=2 remains on temperature.Under intense agitation, the tetraisopropyl titanate solution of 1.0mol/L is dropwise added in the aqueous acetic acid, the tetraisopropyl titanate hydrolysis obtains clear solution.Solution after the stir overnight is put into sand-bath, and vigorous stirring obtains light blue clear solution under the condition of 80 ℃ of constant temperature.Above-mentioned light blue clear solution being placed in the titanium system autoclave of embedded Teflon cup, is hydro-thermal 16 hours under 230 ℃ the condition in temperature, can obtain white TiO
2Deposition.The TiO that obtains behind the water-heat process
2Colloidal solution is constantly to stir evaporation in 120 ℃ the water-bath in temperature, obtains final solid content and is about 15% TiO
2Colloidal solution.With TiO
2Colloidal solution is put into that ultrasonic 40min takes out in the ultrasonic cell disruptor, leaves standstill behind the 5min TiO
2Colloidal solution sprays in the compliant conductive substrate, and room temperature is put into 450 ℃ of insulation 30min in the baking oven after placing 10min, obtains dye-sensitized cell light anode TiO after the cooling naturally
2Film.
The execution mode that the above non-the present invention is whole or unique, the conversion of any equivalence that those of ordinary skills take technical scheme of the present invention through reading specification of the present invention is claim of the present invention and contains.
Claims (8)
1. dye-sensitized cell light anode and preparation method thereof, it is characterized in that: described preparation method carries out according to following steps:
Step 1: it is in the ice bath about 0 ℃ that acidic aqueous solution is remained on temperature, under intense agitation, titanium source solution is dropwise added in the acidic aqueous solution, and the hydrolysis of titanium source obtains clear solution;
Step 2: make in the solution solvent evaporates complete the clear solution vigorous stirring under 80 ℃ of constant temperatures that obtains, make TiO
2Dispersion of Particles evenly forms light blue clear solution;
Step 3: above-mentioned light blue clear solution is placed in the titanium system autoclave of embedded Teflon cup and carries out hydro-thermal reaction, obtain the TiO of white
2Deposition is treated the solution cooling ultrasonic dispersion in back, obtains TiO
2Solution;
Step 4: the TiO that obtains after accomplishing through hydro-thermal reaction
2Solution obtains TiO through concentration
2Colloidal solution;
Step 5: with TiO
2Colloidal solution carries out being prepared into after the ultrasonic dispersion and forms TiO on the conductive substrates
2The light anode.
2. the preparation method of dye-sensitized cell light anode slurry as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the titanium source solution in the said step 1) is tetraisopropyl titanate, butyl titanate, titanium tetrachloride or titanyl sulfate.
3. the preparation method of dye-sensitized cell light anode slurry as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the concentration of the titanium source solution in the said step 1) is 0.1-2mol/L.
4. the preparation method of dye-sensitized cell light anode slurry as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the acid solution in the said step 1) is nitric acid, acetic acid or hydrochloric acid.
5. the preparation method of dye-sensitized cell light anode slurry as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the temperature of hydro-thermal reaction is 80 ℃～250 ℃ in the said step 3), and the time is 4～36h.
6. the preparation method of dye-sensitized cell light anode slurry as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: TiO in the said step 4)
2Solid content be the TiO of 5-25%
2Colloidal solution.
7. the preparation method of dye-sensitized cell light anode slurry as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: conductive substrates is electro-conductive glass or flexible macromolecule electric conducting material in the said step 5).
8. the preparation method of dye-sensitized cell light anode slurry as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: said step 5) specifically is with TiO
2Colloidal solution is put into ultrasonic 20min in the ultrasonic cell disruptor～60min and takes out, and leaves standstill behind the 5min TiO
2Colloidal solution sprays on the conductive substrates, and room temperature is put in the baking oven after placing 10min, at 150 ℃～450 ℃ insulation 30min, obtains dye-sensitized cell light anode TiO after the cooling naturally
2Film.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103021569A (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2013-04-03 | 彩虹集团公司 | Preparation method of photo anode spraying slurry for dye sensitization solar cell |
| CN103295789A (en) * | 2013-06-08 | 2013-09-11 | 苏州诺信创新能源有限公司 | Manufacturing method for titanium dioxide double-layer film electrode |
| CN103896330A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2014-07-02 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | Modified titanium dioxide, preparation method thereof and solar cell prepared thereby |
| CN104658761A (en) * | 2015-02-26 | 2015-05-27 | 江汉大学 | Method for preparing dye-sensitized solar cell nano-TiO2 membrane photo-anode with membrane reaction method |
| CN106847516A (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2017-06-13 | 宁波高新区远创科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of dye-sensitized solar cell anode material |
| CN110668538A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2020-01-10 | 济南大学 | Preparation method of titanium polychloride |
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| CN101697321A (en) * | 2009-10-29 | 2010-04-21 | 彩虹集团公司 | Preparation method of titanium dioxide dense film for dye-sensitized solar cell |
| CN101702378A (en) * | 2009-10-29 | 2010-05-05 | 彩虹集团公司 | Method for preparing titanium dioxide thin films for dye-sensitized solar cells |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103021569A (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2013-04-03 | 彩虹集团公司 | Preparation method of photo anode spraying slurry for dye sensitization solar cell |
| CN103896330A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2014-07-02 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | Modified titanium dioxide, preparation method thereof and solar cell prepared thereby |
| CN103295789A (en) * | 2013-06-08 | 2013-09-11 | 苏州诺信创新能源有限公司 | Manufacturing method for titanium dioxide double-layer film electrode |
| CN103295789B (en) * | 2013-06-08 | 2016-05-18 | 陈昊 | The preparation method of titanium dioxide bilayer film electrode |
| CN104658761A (en) * | 2015-02-26 | 2015-05-27 | 江汉大学 | Method for preparing dye-sensitized solar cell nano-TiO2 membrane photo-anode with membrane reaction method |
| CN104658761B (en) * | 2015-02-26 | 2017-07-25 | 江汉大学 | A kind of method that film reaction method prepares dye sensibilization solar cell nanometer titanium dioxide thin film photo-anode |
| CN106847516A (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2017-06-13 | 宁波高新区远创科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of dye-sensitized solar cell anode material |
| CN106847516B (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2018-10-26 | 宁波高新区远创科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of dye-sensitized solar cell anode material |
| CN110668538A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2020-01-10 | 济南大学 | Preparation method of titanium polychloride |
| CN110668538B (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2021-10-22 | 济南大学 | Preparation method of titanium polychloride |
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Application publication date: 20120208 |