CN102347089A - Method and device for absorbing and precipitating radionuclide in containment of nuclear power plant - Google Patents
Method and device for absorbing and precipitating radionuclide in containment of nuclear power plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN102347089A CN102347089A CN2011103334388A CN201110333438A CN102347089A CN 102347089 A CN102347089 A CN 102347089A CN 2011103334388 A CN2011103334388 A CN 2011103334388A CN 201110333438 A CN201110333438 A CN 201110333438A CN 102347089 A CN102347089 A CN 102347089A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 236
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 84
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver ion Chemical group [Ag+] FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M iodide Chemical compound [I-] XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 16
- 229940006461 iodide ion Drugs 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910001427 strontium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- PWYYWQHXAPXYMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium(2+) Chemical compound [Sr+2] PWYYWQHXAPXYMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- NIAGBSSWEZDNMT-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraoxidosulfate(.1-) Chemical group [O]S([O-])(=O)=O NIAGBSSWEZDNMT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- BYRRPYMBVHTVKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Na].[Ti] Chemical compound [Na].[Ti] BYRRPYMBVHTVKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005619 boric acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000941 radioactive substance Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-RNFDNDRNSA-M iodine-131(1-) Chemical compound [131I-] XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-RNFDNDRNSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
一种核电站安全壳内放射性核素吸附沉淀的方法及装置，先在核电站安全壳内预置对放射性核素进行吸附沉淀的装置，所述的装置包括装有耐高温无机吸附材料的吸附箱和装有不同配方溶液的两个水箱。在核电站极端事故条件下，核电站安全壳内一回路破裂后，大量高温高压的高浓度放射性水将释放到安全壳内，吸附箱内的吸附材料将吸附高浓度放射性水中的放射性核素，在自动控制或人工操作下，两个水箱的溶液先后排空到安全壳内，两种溶液和高浓度放射性水中的放射性核素反应，形成沉淀，在安全壳内对高浓度放射性水中的131I、137Cs和90Sr进行吸附、沉淀，从而降低安全壳内水中放射性物质的浓度，在安全壳卸压排气或破裂时减少向大气环境排放放射性核素。
A method and device for adsorbing and precipitating radionuclides in the containment of a nuclear power plant. First, a device for adsorbing and precipitating radionuclides is preset in the containment of a nuclear power plant. The device includes an adsorption box equipped with high-temperature-resistant inorganic adsorption materials and a device. There are two tanks with different formulation solutions. Under the extreme accident conditions of a nuclear power plant, after the primary circuit in the containment of the nuclear power plant is broken, a large amount of high-temperature, high-pressure, high-concentration radioactive water will be released into the containment, and the adsorption material in the adsorption box will absorb the radionuclides in the high-concentration radioactive water. Under control or manual operation, the solutions of the two water tanks are successively emptied into the containment vessel, and the two solutions react with the radionuclides in the high-concentration radioactive water to form precipitation . Cs and 90 Sr are adsorbed and precipitated, thereby reducing the concentration of radioactive substances in the water in the containment vessel, and reducing the discharge of radionuclides to the atmosphere when the containment vessel is vented or ruptured.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method and device, particularly a kind of method and device that after in the nuclear power plant containment shell break in a loop, the radioactive nuclide in the high concentration radioactive water is adsorbed, precipitates to radioactive nuclide absorption, deposition in the nuclear power plant containment shell.
Background technology
Under the extreme emergency conditions of nuclear power station, after break in a loop in the nuclear power plant containment shell, the high concentration radioactive water of a large amount of High Temperature High Pressure will be discharged in the containment, and containment release exhaust or when breaking to the maximum radioactive nuclide of atmospheric environment discharging is
131I, and discharge capacity is big and the half life period than long is
137Cs with
90Sr.To in the high concentration radioactive water
131I,
137Cs with
90Sr adsorbs, precipitates, and just can reduce the concentration of waterborne radioactivity material in the containment, can reduce to atmospheric environment discharging radioactive nuclide when containment release exhaust or when breaking, and reduces the grade of nuclear accident.At present in nuclear power plant containment shell also not to the method and the device of radioactive nuclide absorption, deposition, when containment release exhaust or when breaking, the radioactive nuclide in the high concentration radioactive water directly is discharged in the atmospheric environment, and atmospheric environment is polluted.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art and provide a kind of after in the nuclear power plant containment shell break in a loop, to the method and the device of the absorption of the radioactive nuclide in the high concentration radioactive water, deposition.This method and apparatus greatly reduces the concentration of waterborne radioactivity material in the containment, can reduce to atmospheric environment discharging radioactive nuclide in containment release exhaust or when breaking.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: the method for radioactive nuclide adsorption precipitation in a kind of nuclear power plant containment shell; In nuclear power plant containment shell, preset earlier the device that radioactive nuclide is carried out adsorption precipitation, described device comprises and is preset at the adsorption box that the high temperature resistant inorganic sorbing material is housed in the containment sump and first water tank that different formulations solution is housed and second water tank that are preset in the containment.Under the extreme emergency conditions of nuclear power station; After in the nuclear power plant containment shell break in a loop; The high concentration radioactive water of a large amount of High Temperature High Pressure will be discharged in the containment, and the melt pit water level will raise, and the sorbing material in the adsorption box will adsorb the radioactive nuclide in the high concentration radioactive water; First water tank and second water tank are under the effect of manually-operated remote controllers or float-actuated valve; At first the solution of first water tank is emptied in the containment in order; And then the solution of second water tank is emptied in the containment; Radioactive nuclide reaction in two kinds of solution and the high concentration radioactive water; Form deposition, in containment in the high concentration radioactive water
131I,
137Cs with
90Sr adsorbs, precipitates, thereby reduces the concentration of waterborne radioactivity material in the containment, reduces to atmospheric environment discharging radioactive nuclide in containment release exhaust or when breaking.
The device that radioactive nuclide is carried out adsorption precipitation that said method adopts comprises and is preset at adsorption box that the high temperature resistant inorganic sorbing material is housed in the containment sump, is preset at first water tank that different formulations solution is housed, second water tank, remote controllers, first solenoid valve, second solenoid valve, first float-actuated valve and second float-actuated valve in the containment.
Described adsorption box is made up of casing and the high temperature resistant inorganic sorbing material that is contained in the casing, and casing is a square container, on the wall of casing, is provided with plurality of through holes.Described high temperature resistant inorganic sorbing material is zeolite or titanium sodium silicate or acticarbon.
Described first water tank is provided with water seal; The effect of water seal is solution and the air insulated that makes in first water tank, and the solution composition in first water tank is sulfate radical and iodide ion, and composition is in quality %; Specifically have: sulfate radical 0.5%-5%, iodide ion 0.1%-2%, sulfate radical are used for precipitating
90Sr, iodide ion are used for improving radioiodine dissolubility in the water in containment.Solution composition in first water tank can also be boric acid, alkaline solution, sulfate radical and iodide ion, and composition specifically has in quality %: boric acid 1%-4%, sulfate radical 0.5%-5%, iodide ion 0.1%-2%, and boric acid is used for slowing down nuclear reaction, and sulfate radical is used for precipitating
90Sr, iodide ion are used for improving radioiodine dissolubility in the water in containment.Alkaline solution is NaOH or lithium hydroxide, is used for the regulator solution pH value to approaching neutral.
Solution composition in second water tank is silver ion and strontium ion, and composition specifically has in quality %: silver ion 0.1%-2%, strontium ion 0.5%-5%, and silver ion is used to precipitate iodine, and strontium ion is used for improving
90The reaction rate of Sr and sulfate radical makes more
90Sr and sulfate radical form water-fast deposition.Solution composition in second water tank can also be boric acid, alkaline solution, silver ion and strontium ion; Composition specifically has in quality %: boric acid 1%-4%, silver ion 0.1%-2%, strontium ion 0.5%-5%, and boric acid is used for slowing down nuclear reaction; Silver ion is used to precipitate iodine, and strontium ion is used for improving
90The reaction rate of Sr and sulfate radical makes more
90Sr and sulfate radical form water-fast deposition.Alkaline solution is NaOH or lithium hydroxide, is used for the regulator solution pH value to approaching neutral.
Solution in first water tank and second water tank can exchange.
During installation, the rising pipe of first water tank bottom is connected with first threeway, and an outlet of first threeway is connected to the top of second water tank through pipeline, and communicates with second water tank.Another outlet of first threeway is connected with second threeway, and an outlet of second threeway is connected to first solenoid valve, and first solenoid valve is connected with first water delivering orifice, and first solenoid valve is connected with remote controllers through lead.Another outlet of second threeway is connected with first float-actuated valve, and first float-actuated valve is connected with second water delivering orifice.
Elbow was connected with the 3rd threeway under the rising pipe of second water tank bottom passed through, and an outlet of the 3rd threeway is connected to second solenoid valve, and second solenoid valve is connected with the 3rd water delivering orifice, and second solenoid valve is connected with remote controllers through lead.Another outlet of the 3rd threeway is connected to second float-actuated valve, and second float-actuated valve is connected with the 4th water delivering orifice.
Further technical scheme of the present invention is: first water tank and second water tank can be located at the outside of containment.
During installation, the rising pipe of first water tank bottom is connected with four-way, and first of four-way exports the top that is connected to second water tank through pipeline, and communicates with second water tank.Second outlet of four-way is connected to first solenoid valve, and first solenoid valve is connected with first water delivering orifice, and first solenoid valve is connected with remote controllers through lead.The 3rd outlet of four-way links to each other with second threeway, and an outlet of second threeway is connected with first float-actuated valve, and first float-actuated valve is connected with second water delivering orifice.Another outlet of second threeway is connected with first hand valve, and first hand valve is connected with the 5th water delivering orifice.
Elbow was connected with the 3rd threeway under the rising pipe of second water tank bottom passed through, and an outlet of the 3rd threeway is connected to second solenoid valve, and second solenoid valve is connected with the 3rd water delivering orifice, and second solenoid valve is connected with remote controllers through lead.Another outlet of the 3rd threeway is connected to the 4th threeway, and an outlet of the 4th threeway is connected to second float-actuated valve, and second float-actuated valve is connected with the 4th water delivering orifice.Another outlet of the 4th threeway is connected to second hand valve, and second hand valve is connected with the 6th water delivering orifice.
The present invention compared with prior art has following characteristics:
1, after in the nuclear power plant containment shell breaks in a loop; The radioactive nuclide in the high concentration radioactive water in the containment can adsorbed and precipitate to the present invention in a large number; Can reduce the concentration of waterborne radioactivity nucleic in the containment greatly, can reduce to atmospheric environment discharging radioactive nuclide when containment release exhaust or when breaking.
2, solution toxicity and corrosivity are little, and is stable in the air, can remain valid for a long time.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment detailed construction of the present invention is further described.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is that first water tank provided by the invention and second water tank are located at the adsorption precipitation apparatus structure synoptic diagram in the containment;
Accompanying drawing 2 is the structural representation of adsorption box;
Accompanying drawing 3 is that first water tank provided by the invention and second water tank are located at the outer adsorption precipitation apparatus structure synoptic diagram of containment.
Embodiment
The method of radioactive nuclide adsorption precipitation in embodiment one, a kind of nuclear power plant containment shell; In nuclear power plant containment shell 15, preset earlier the device that radioactive nuclide is carried out adsorption precipitation, described device comprises and is preset at adsorption box 7 that the high temperature resistant inorganic sorbing material is housed in containment 15 melt pits 19 and is preset at first water tank 13 and second water tank 2 that different formulations solution is housed in the containment 15.Under the extreme emergency conditions of nuclear power station; After in the nuclear power plant containment shell 15 break in a loop; The high concentration radioactive water of a large amount of High Temperature High Pressure will be discharged in the containment 15, and melt pit 19 water levels will raise, and the sorbing material in the adsorption box 7 will adsorb the radioactive nuclide in the high concentration radioactive water; First water tank 13 and second water tank 2 are under the effect of manually-operated remote controllers or float-actuated valve; At first the solution of first water tank 13 is emptied in the containment 15 in order; And then the solution of second water tank 2 is emptied in the containment 15; Radioactive nuclide reaction in two kinds of solution and the high concentration radioactive water; Form deposition, in containment 15 in the high concentration radioactive water
131I,
137Cs with
90Sr adsorbs, precipitates, thereby reduces the concentration of waterborne radioactivity materials in the containment 15, reduces to atmospheric environment discharging radioactive nuclide in containment 15 release exhausts or when breaking.
The device that radioactive nuclide is carried out adsorption precipitation that said method adopts comprise be preset at adsorption box 7 that the high temperature resistant inorganic sorbing material is housed in containment 15 melt pits 19, be preset at first water tank 13 that different formulations solution is housed in the containment 15, second water tank 2, remote controllers 1, first solenoid valve 8, second solenoid valve 6, first float-actuated valve 10 and second float-actuated valve 5.
Described adsorption box 7 is made up of with the high temperature resistant inorganic sorbing material that is contained in the casing 7-1 casing 7-1, and casing 7-1 is a square container, on the wall of casing 7-1, is provided with plurality of through holes 7-2.Described high temperature resistant inorganic sorbing material is zeolite or titanium sodium silicate or acticarbon.
Described first water tank 13 is provided with water seal 14; The effect of water seal 14 is solution and the air insulated that make in first water tank 13, and the solution composition in first water tank 13 is sulfate radical and iodide ion, and composition is in quality %; Specifically have: sulfate radical 0.5%-5%, iodide ion 0.1%-2%, sulfate radical are used for precipitating
90Sr, iodide ion are used for improving radioiodine dissolubility in the water in containment.Solution composition in first water tank 13 can also be boric acid, alkaline solution, sulfate radical and iodide ion, and composition specifically has in quality %: boric acid 1%-4%, sulfate radical 0.5%-5%, iodide ion 0.1%-2%, and boric acid is used for slowing down nuclear reaction, and sulfate radical is used for precipitating
90Sr, iodide ion are used for improving radioiodine dissolubility in the water in containment.Alkaline solution is NaOH or lithium hydroxide, is used for the regulator solution pH value to approaching neutral.
Solution composition in second water tank 2 is silver ion and strontium ion, and composition specifically has in quality %: silver ion 0.1%-2%, strontium ion 0.5%-5%, and silver ion is used to precipitate iodine, and strontium ion is used for improving
90The reaction rate of Sr and sulfate radical makes more
90Sr and sulfate radical form water-fast deposition.Solution composition in second water tank 2 can also be boric acid, alkaline solution, silver ion and strontium ion; Composition specifically has in quality %: boric acid 1%-4%, silver ion 0.1%-2%, strontium ion 0.5%-5%, and boric acid is used for slowing down nuclear reaction; Silver ion is used to precipitate iodine, and strontium ion is used for improving
90The reaction rate of Sr and sulfate radical makes more
90Sr and sulfate radical form water-fast deposition.Alkaline solution is NaOH or lithium hydroxide, is used for the regulator solution pH value to approaching neutral.
During installation, the rising pipe of first water tank, 13 bottoms is connected with first threeway 12, and an outlet of first threeway 12 is connected to the top of second water tank 2 through pipeline 20, and communicates with second water tank 2.Another outlet of first threeway 12 is connected with second threeway 11, and an outlet of second threeway 11 is connected to first solenoid valve, 8, the first solenoid valves 8 and is connected with first water delivering orifice 16, and first solenoid valve 8 is connected with remote controllers 1 through lead.Another outlet of second threeway 11 is connected with first float-actuated valve 10, and first float-actuated valve 10 is connected with second water delivering orifice 9.
Elbow 3 was connected with the 3rd threeway 4 under the rising pipe of second water tank, 2 bottoms passed through, and an outlet of the 3rd threeway 4 is connected to second solenoid valve, 6, the second solenoid valves 6 and is connected with the 3rd water delivering orifice 17, and second solenoid valve 6 is connected with remote controllers 1 through lead.Another outlet of the 3rd threeway 4 is connected to second float-actuated valve, 5, the second float-actuated valves 5 and is connected with the 4th water delivering orifice 18.
Principle of work of the present invention is: during the nuclear power station operate as normal, first solenoid valve 8, second solenoid valve 6 and first float-actuated valve 10, second float-actuated valve 5 are failure to actuate and are in normally off.The solution that stores in advance in first water tank 13, second water tank 2 does not discharge, and water seal 14 makes that solution completely cut off with air in the water tank 13 of winning, and solution can long preservation.
After breaking in a loop, the high concentration radioactive water of a large amount of High Temperature High Pressure will be discharged in the containment 15, and when water level surpasses the support height of adsorption box 7, the sorbing material in the adsorption box 7 can be in the water that overflows
137Radioactive nuclides such as Cs efficiently adsorb.
(1) if at this moment first solenoid valve 8, second solenoid valve 6 are opened under the effect of remote controllers 1; Solution in first water tank 13 begins to flow to through first threeway 12, second threeway 11, first solenoid valve 8, first water delivering orifice 16 bottom of containment 15; And then flow to melt pit 19; Outside air gets into first water tank 13 through water seal 14 simultaneously, makes solution to flow out fast.
At this moment, though second solenoid valve 6 has been opened, because the solution in first water tank 13 has got into pipeline 20 through first threeway 12, the solution that same elbow 3 at present makes air can't get into second water tank, 2, the second water tanks 2 can't flow out.After having only the solution emptying of waiting in first water tank 13; Air could pass through pipeline 20 and get into second water tank 2; The solution of second water tank 2 flows to the bottom of containment 15, and then flows to melt pit 19 through following elbow 3, the 3rd threeway 4, second solenoid valve 6, the 3rd water delivering orifice 17.So just can obtain better deposition so that the solution of first water tank 13, second water tank 2 discharges sequentially
131I,
137Cs,
90The effect of Sr.
(2) if at this moment there is not electric power supply; First solenoid valve 8, second solenoid valve 6 are ineffective; When the water level of melt pit 19 rises to certain altitude; First float-actuated valve 10, second float-actuated valve 5 are opened; Solution in first water tank 13 begins to flow to through first threeway 12, second threeway 11, first float-actuated valve 10, second water delivering orifice 9 bottom of containment 15; And then flowing to melt pit 19, outside air gets into first water tank 13 through water seal 14 simultaneously, makes solution to flow out fast.
Though second float-actuated valve 5 has been opened, because the solution in first water tank 13 has got into pipeline 20 through first threeway 12, the solution that same elbow 3 at present makes air can't get into second water tank, 2, the second water tanks 2 can't flow out.After having only the solution emptying of waiting in first water tank 13; Air could pass through pipeline 20 and get into second water tank 2; The solution of second water tank 2 flows to the bottom of containment 15, and then flows to melt pit 19 through following elbow 3, the 3rd threeway 4, second float-actuated valve 5, the 4th water delivering orifice 18.So just can obtain better deposition so that the solution of first water tank 13, second water tank 2 discharges sequentially
131I,
137Cs,
90The effect of Sr.
Embodiment two: the method for radioactive nuclide adsorption precipitation in a kind of nuclear power plant containment shell; Earlier at the inside and outside device that radioactive nuclide is carried out adsorption precipitation that presets of nuclear power plant containment shell 15, described device comprises and is preset at adsorption box 7 that the high temperature resistant inorganic sorbing material is housed in containment 15 melt pits 19 first water tank 13 that different formulations solution is housed and second water tank 2 outside with being preset at containment 15.Under the extreme emergency conditions of nuclear power station; After in the nuclear power plant containment shell 15 break in a loop; The high concentration radioactive water of a large amount of High Temperature High Pressure will be discharged in the containment 15, and melt pit 19 water levels will raise, and the sorbing material in the adsorption box 7 will adsorb the radioactive nuclide in the high concentration radioactive water; First water tank 13 and second water tank 2 are under the effect of manually-operated remote controllers 1 or first float-actuated valve 10, second float-actuated valve 5 or first hand valve 23, second hand valve 22; At first the solution of first water tank 13 is emptied in the containment 15 in order; And then the solution of second water tank 2 is emptied in the containment 15; Radioactive nuclide reaction in two kinds of solution and the high concentration radioactive water; Form deposition, in containment 15 in the high concentration radioactive water
131I,
137Cs with
90Sr adsorbs, precipitates, thereby reduces the concentration of waterborne radioactivity materials in the containment 15, reduces to atmospheric environment discharging radioactive nuclide in containment 15 release exhausts or when breaking.
During installation, the rising pipe of first water tank, 13 bottoms is connected with four-way 26, and first of four-way 26 exports the top that is connected to second water tank 2 through pipeline 20, and communicates with second water tank 2.Second outlet of four-way 26 is connected to first solenoid valve, 8, the first solenoid valves 8 and is connected with first water delivering orifice 16, and first solenoid valve 8 is connected with remote controllers 1 through lead.The 3rd outlet of four-way 26 links to each other with second threeway 11, and an outlet of second threeway 11 is connected with first float-actuated valve 10, and first float-actuated valve 10 is connected with second water delivering orifice 9.Another outlet of second threeway 11 is connected with first hand valve 23, and first hand valve 23 is connected with the 5th water delivering orifice 25.
Elbow 3 was connected with the 3rd threeway 4 under the rising pipe of second water tank, 2 bottoms passed through, and an outlet of the 3rd threeway 4 is connected to second solenoid valve, 6, the second solenoid valves 6 and is connected with the 3rd water delivering orifice 17, and second solenoid valve 6 is connected with remote controllers 1 through lead.The outlet that another outlet of the 3rd threeway 4 is connected to the 4th threeway 21, the four threeways 21 is connected to second float-actuated valve, 5, the second float-actuated valves 5 and is connected with the 4th water delivering orifice 18.Another outlet of the 4th threeway 21 is connected to second hand valve, 22, the second hand valves 22 and is connected with the 6th water delivering orifice 24
Principle of work of the present invention is: during the nuclear power station operate as normal, first solenoid valve 8, second solenoid valve 6, first float-actuated valve 10, second float-actuated valve 5, first hand valve 23, second hand valve 22 are failure to actuate and are in normally off.The solution that stores in advance in first water tank 13, second water tank 2 does not discharge, and water seal 14 makes that solution completely cut off with air in the water tank 13 of winning, and solution can long preservation.
After breaking in a loop, the high concentration radioactive water of a large amount of High Temperature High Pressure will be discharged in the containment 15, and when water level surpasses the support height of adsorption box 7, the sorbing material in the adsorption box 7 can be in the water that overflows
137Radioactive nuclides such as Cs efficiently adsorb.
(1) if at this moment first solenoid valve 8, second solenoid valve 6 are opened under the effect of remote controllers 1; Solution in first water tank 13 begins to flow to through four-way 26, first solenoid valve 8, first water delivering orifice 16 bottom of containment 15; And then flow to melt pit 19; Outside air gets into first water tank 13 through water seal 14 simultaneously, makes solution to flow out fast.
At this moment, though second solenoid valve 6 has been opened, because the solution in first water tank 13 has got into pipeline 20 through four-way 26, the solution that same elbow 3 at present makes air can't get into second water tank, 2, the second water tanks 2 can't flow out.After having only the solution emptying of waiting in first water tank 13; Air could pass through pipeline 20 and get into second water tank 2; The solution of second water tank 2 flows to the bottom of containment 15, and then flows to melt pit 19 through following elbow 3, the 3rd threeway 4, second solenoid valve 6, the 3rd water delivering orifice 17.So just can obtain better deposition so that the solution of first water tank 13, second water tank 2 discharges sequentially
131I,
137Cs,
90The effect of Sr.
(2) if at this moment there is not electric power supply; First solenoid valve 8, second solenoid valve 6 are ineffective; When the water level of melt pit 19 rises to certain altitude; First float-actuated valve 10, second float-actuated valve 5 are opened; Solution in first water tank 13 begins to flow to through four-way 26, second threeway 11, first float-actuated valve 10, second water delivering orifice 9 bottom of containment 15; And then flowing to melt pit 19, outside air gets into first water tank 13 through water seal 14 simultaneously, makes solution to flow out fast.
Though second float-actuated valve 5 has been opened, because the solution in first water tank 13 has got into pipeline 20 through four-way 26, the solution that same elbow 3 at present makes air can't get into second water tank, 2, the second water tanks 2 can't flow out.After having only the solution emptying of waiting in first water tank 13; Air could pass through pipeline 20 and get into second water tank 2; The solution of second water tank 2 flows to the bottom of containment 15, and then flows to melt pit 19 through following elbow 3, the 3rd threeway 4, the 4th threeway 21, second float-actuated valve 5, the 4th water delivering orifice 18.So just can obtain better deposition so that the solution of first water tank 13, second water tank 2 discharges sequentially
131I,
137Cs,
90The effect of Sr.
(3) if at this moment there is not electric power supply; First solenoid valve 8, second solenoid valve 6 are ineffective; Simultaneously first float-actuated valve 10, also failover is ineffective for second float-actuated valve 5; At this moment can outside containment, open first hand valve 23, second hand valve 22; Solution in first water tank 13 begins to flow to through four-way 26, second threeway 11, first hand valve 23, the 5th water delivering orifice 25 bottom of containment 15; And then flow to melt pit 19; Outside air gets into first water tank 13 through water seal 14 simultaneously, makes solution to flow out fast.
Though second hand valve 22 has been opened, because the solution in first water tank 13 has got into pipeline 20 through four-way 26, the solution that same elbow 3 at present makes air can't get into second water tank, 2, the second water tanks 2 can't flow out.After having only the solution emptying of waiting in first water tank 13; Air could pass through pipeline 20 and get into second water tank 2; The solution of second water tank 2 flows to the bottom of containment 15, and then flows to melt pit 19 through following elbow 3, the 3rd threeway 4, the 4th threeway 21, second hand valve 22, the 6th water delivering orifice 24.So just can obtain better deposition so that the solution of first water tank 13, second water tank 2 discharges sequentially
131I,
137Cs,
90The effect of Sr.
Claims (5)
1. the method for radioactive nuclide adsorption precipitation in the nuclear power plant containment shell; It is characterized in that: in nuclear power plant containment shell, preset earlier the device that radioactive nuclide is carried out adsorption precipitation, described device comprises and is preset at the adsorption box that the high temperature resistant inorganic sorbing material is housed in the containment sump and first water tank that different formulations solution is housed and second water tank that are preset in the containment; Under the extreme emergency conditions of nuclear power station; After in the nuclear power plant containment shell break in a loop; The high concentration radioactive water of a large amount of High Temperature High Pressure will be discharged in the containment, and the melt pit water level will raise, and the sorbing material in the adsorption box will adsorb the radioactive nuclide in the high concentration radioactive water; First water tank and second water tank are under the effect of manually-operated remote controllers or float-actuated valve; At first the solution of first water tank is emptied in the containment in order; And then the solution of second water tank is emptied in the containment; Radioactive nuclide reaction in two kinds of solution and the high concentration radioactive water; Form deposition, in containment in the high concentration radioactive water
131I,
137Cs with
90Sr adsorbs, precipitates, thereby reduces the concentration of waterborne radioactivity material in the containment, reduces to atmospheric environment discharging radioactive nuclide in containment release exhaust or when breaking;
The device that radioactive nuclide is carried out adsorption precipitation that said method adopts comprises and is preset at adsorption box that the high temperature resistant inorganic sorbing material is housed in the containment sump, is preset at first water tank that different formulations solution is housed, second water tank, remote controllers, first solenoid valve, second solenoid valve, first float-actuated valve and second float-actuated valve in the containment;
Described adsorption box is made up of casing and the high temperature resistant inorganic sorbing material that is contained in the casing, and casing is a square container, on the wall of casing, is provided with plurality of through holes;
Described first water tank is provided with water seal, and the effect of water seal is solution and the air insulated that makes in first water tank,
During installation, the rising pipe of first water tank bottom is connected with first threeway, and an outlet of first threeway is connected to the top of second water tank through pipeline, and communicates with second water tank; Another outlet of first threeway is connected with second threeway, and an outlet of second threeway is connected to first solenoid valve, and first solenoid valve is connected with first water delivering orifice, and first solenoid valve is connected with remote controllers through lead; Another outlet of second threeway is connected with first float-actuated valve, and first float-actuated valve is connected with second water delivering orifice;
Elbow was connected with the 3rd threeway under the rising pipe of second water tank bottom passed through, and an outlet of the 3rd threeway is connected to second solenoid valve, and second solenoid valve is connected with the 3rd water delivering orifice, and second solenoid valve is connected with remote controllers through lead; Another outlet of the 3rd threeway is connected to second float-actuated valve, and second float-actuated valve is connected with the 4th water delivering orifice.
2. a kind of device that radioactive nuclide is carried out adsorption precipitation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the high temperature resistant inorganic sorbing material is zeolite or titanium sodium silicate or acticarbon in the described adsorption box;
Solution composition in described first water tank is sulfate radical and iodide ion, and composition specifically has in quality %: sulfate radical 0.5%-5%, iodide ion 0.1%-2%;
Solution composition in described second water tank is silver ion and strontium ion, and composition specifically has in quality %: silver ion 0.1%-2%, strontium ion 0.5%-5%.
3. a kind of device that radioactive nuclide is carried out adsorption precipitation according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the solution composition in described first water tank is boric acid, alkaline solution, sulfate radical and iodide ion; Composition is in quality %; Specifically have: boric acid 1%-4%, sulfate radical 0.5%-5%, iodide ion 0.1%-2%; Alkaline solution is NaOH or lithium hydroxide, is used for the regulator solution pH value to neutral;
Solution composition in described second water tank is boric acid, alkaline solution, silver ion and strontium ion; Composition is in quality %; Specifically have: boric acid 1%-4%, silver ion 0.1%-2%, strontium ion 0.5%-5%, alkaline solution is NaOH or lithium hydroxide, is used for the regulator solution pH value to neutral.
4. a kind of device that radioactive nuclide is carried out adsorption precipitation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the solution in first water tank and second water tank can exchange.
5. a kind of device that radioactive nuclide is carried out adsorption precipitation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: first water tank and second water tank are located at the outside of containment;
During installation, the rising pipe of first water tank bottom is connected with four-way, and first of four-way exports the top that is connected to second water tank through pipeline, and communicates with second water tank; Second outlet of four-way is connected to first solenoid valve, and first solenoid valve is connected with first water delivering orifice, and first solenoid valve is connected with remote controllers through lead; The 3rd outlet of four-way links to each other with second threeway, and an outlet of second threeway is connected with first float-actuated valve, and first float-actuated valve is connected with second water delivering orifice; Another outlet of second threeway is connected with first hand valve, and first hand valve is connected with the 5th water delivering orifice;
Elbow was connected with the 3rd threeway under the rising pipe of second water tank bottom passed through, and an outlet of the 3rd threeway is connected to second solenoid valve, and second solenoid valve is connected with the 3rd water delivering orifice, and second solenoid valve is connected with remote controllers through lead; Another outlet of the 3rd threeway is connected to the 4th threeway, and an outlet of the 4th threeway is connected to second float-actuated valve, and second float-actuated valve is connected with the 4th water delivering orifice; Another outlet of the 4th threeway is connected to second hand valve, and second hand valve is connected with the 6th water delivering orifice.
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| CN104412329A (en) * | 2012-05-29 | 2015-03-11 | 栗田工业株式会社 | Radioactive material adsorbent, adsorption vessel, adsorption tower, and water treatment device |
| CN105869692A (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2016-08-17 | 衡阳师范学院 | Device for reducing radionuclide emission in extreme accidents of nuclear power plants |
| CN106548818A (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2017-03-29 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | A kind of on-radiation simulation concentrated solution preparing process and special purpose device |
| CN109157981A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2019-01-08 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | The minimizing technology and device of aluminium in a kind of radioactivity strontium chloride solution |
| CN110444310A (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2019-11-12 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | A kind of radioiodine treatment of wastes produced method |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104412329A (en) * | 2012-05-29 | 2015-03-11 | 栗田工业株式会社 | Radioactive material adsorbent, adsorption vessel, adsorption tower, and water treatment device |
| CN106548818A (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2017-03-29 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | A kind of on-radiation simulation concentrated solution preparing process and special purpose device |
| CN105869692A (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2016-08-17 | 衡阳师范学院 | Device for reducing radionuclide emission in extreme accidents of nuclear power plants |
| CN109157981A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2019-01-08 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | The minimizing technology and device of aluminium in a kind of radioactivity strontium chloride solution |
| CN109157981B (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2020-03-17 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Method and device for removing aluminum in radioactive strontium chloride solution |
| CN110444310A (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2019-11-12 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | A kind of radioiodine treatment of wastes produced method |
| CN110444310B (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2021-03-09 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | A kind of treatment method of radioactive iodine waste |
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