CN102342163B

CN102342163B - Wireless network

Info

Publication number: CN102342163B
Application number: CN201080010547.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 尼克拉斯·诺伦; 胡尔特恩·佩尔
Original assignee: Shandong Door Wireless Communication Common Carrier
Current assignee: Shandong Door Wireless Communication Common Carrier; LumenRadio AB
Priority date: 2009-03-04
Filing date: 2010-03-03
Publication date: 2014-09-03
Anticipated expiration: 2030-03-03
Also published as: EP2404472A2; WO2010099943A3; US20120002627A1; WO2010099943A2; EP2404472B1; US8565176B2; CN102342163A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a wireless network 30; 60 including at least two subnets 31-34; 61-63. Each subnet comprises a plurality of units 21, 22 configured to wirelessly communicate with each other. The wireless network is configured to select a local set of communication parameters CPl, CP3 for internal communication within each subnet in such a way that internal communication within neighbouring subnets uses different local sets of communication parameters to prevent interference between neighboring subnets, and to select at least one common set of communication parameters CP2 for each subnet to be used when communicating between subnets in the wireless network 30; 60. The invention also relates to a method for adapting a wireless network, a method for forming a wireless network and a communication unit.

Description

Wireless network

Technical field

The present invention relates to have the wireless network of a plurality of subnets, be particularly configured to adapt to the wireless network of wireless environment.

Background technology

In the environment simultaneously operating at many wireless networks, create to cover large region, across the task of the network of long distance, be a challenge all the time.This environment is present in urban district and industrial area conventionally.Except covering the challenge in large region, from a position to another position, from the interference of other wireless device, will change.For example, may use in large quantities WiFi in a position in network, and take thus most of usable frequency, and other place may take different frequencies in network.

In addition, because part wireless network is used manyly certain several period of one day, but also other new wireless network may be installed, therefore disturb and will change along with the time.An example is exactly the WiFi use in residential block, conventionally at night and weekend, uses more.

Traditional prior art is very suitable for small-area network, for example, and WiFi focus, the blue tooth voice transmission from earphone to mobile phone and wireless measurement network.For glitch-free prior art within the scope of large Local Area Network is only allowed for the signal in the frequency range of ad hoc wireless networks, and this needs governmental approval conventionally.Such network example is GSM and television broadcasting, for example, referring to EN 301511, global system for mobile communications (GSM).

If extended network, to be coated with the large region of many WiFi networks and other wireless network work, there will be interference problem.In different networks, use identical messaging parameter (for example, frequency), may cause chaotic communication.Although WiFi focus outside scope each other,, they are in the overlay area of large Local Area Network of expansion.It should be noted, because the interference between network not only may make the large Local Area Network of expansion chaotic, and most probably make local WiFi network chaotic, cause the in poor service of WiFi focus.

A typical example is the multistory office that has WiFi network at every layer.Sometimes may find many local WiFi district at same layer.All frequencies of using in entire building and (it can be considered as a large Local Area Network) cause losing usable frequency.This may cause communication to go offline.In addition, may use continually more other portable radio device in multi-story structure, for example wireless headset increases density further temporarily.

List of references [1] discloses the network that is divided into many group of planes (cluster) (subnet), this network by local group communication parameter in intercommunication.Main frame group (cluster head) can also be with group communication parameter switched communication between a group of planes.In many channel executive communications that are divided into time slot.At different time slots, utilize identical channel order and carry out intercommunication (in a group of planes) and intercommunication (between a group of planes) mutually.

List of references [2] discloses a kind of being configured to by distributing available resources to adapt to the network of wireless environment.

Summary of the invention

An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of wireless network, it is compared with prior art network, has reduced the risk from the interference of other wireless network, and keeps or improved throughput.

This object is to be realized by the wireless network with a plurality of subnets.Subnet is configured to transmit data between the subnet in each subnet and in network, and each subnet in network will operate independently with other subnet.It is that exclusive local communication parameter is carried out intercommunication for adjacent subnet that each subnet is configured to one group, and adjacent subnet is also configured to communicate with one another by one group of common communication parameter.Can carry out the communication between intercommunication and subnet simultaneously.

An advantage of the invention is, by selecting local and common communication parameter, can reduce the interference of the wireless network in the overlay area that is present in this wireless network.

Another advantage of the present invention is, compares with prior art network, overlay area that can extended wireless network.

Those skilled in the art can understand other objects and advantages according to embodiment.

Accompanying drawing explanation

In connection with the following drawings, describe the present invention, accompanying drawing is only as non-limiting example, wherein:

Fig. 1 shows according to the wireless network of the use grid communication of prior art.

Fig. 2 shows the local network according to prior art.

Fig. 3 shows the first execution mode that comprises the wireless network of a plurality of local networks according to of the present invention.

Fig. 4 shows the flow chart of the process that the overlay area of determining subnet is described.

Fig. 5 shows according to communication unit of the present invention, comprises the essential feature as the gateway of main frame or node.

Fig. 6 shows explanation at the signal flow graph that belongs between the node of different sub-network the signal transmission while carrying out the transaction that has confirmation.

Fig. 7 shows the signal flow graph that explanation is transmitted at the signal belonging between the node of different sub-network while carrying out the transaction that not have to confirm.

Fig. 8 shows the second execution mode of the wireless network of this locality variation being adapted in wireless environment.

Fig. 9 shows the flow chart of the preferred implementation that the process that forms the wireless network that adapts to local wireless environment is described.

Figure 10 shows the 3rd execution mode according to wireless network of the present invention.

Figure 11 show with non-overlapped channel as messaging parameter in adjacent subnet and between simultaneously communication.

Figure 12 show with overlapping channel using different transmission algorithms as messaging parameter in subnet and between adjacent subnet communication.

Embodiment

Communication between two unit in network is initiated by main frame, and this communication target is defined as node.With full duplex, half-duplex or alternatively with the executive communication of single work pattern.

In full-duplex mode, can on the both direction between main frame and node, set up communication simultaneously, this is common in telecommunications application.In semiduplex mode, can on the both direction between main frame and node, set up communication, but only set up in one direction at every turn, this is common to radio applications.The transmission speed of full-duplex communication will reach the twice of half-duplex operation.

In single work pattern, only can in a direction between main frame and node, set up communication, this is common in radio broadcasting and television broadcasting application.Single work can have the transmission speed identical with full duplex, but only transmission in one direction.

In order to transmit data in the most effective mode, main frame and node transmission utilize specific messaging parameter.

Messaging parameter can comprise: frequency, transmission speed, transaction time (transaction timing), transmission power level and data transfer path, transfer of data algorithm, expansion technique, carrier modulation and other are estimated relevant parameter to quality.

Below illustrate in greater detail the most frequently used messaging parameter:

● the frequency for main frame and node needs accurately identical.

● transmission speed is that data send to such an extent that have how soon measure.

● when transaction time definition starts to transmit packet and every how long, send packet.Transmission speed and transaction time will determine real data bandwidth.

● delivery unit (main frame or node) will transmit (transmitting) packet with a certain power level.A rule of thumb is, power is higher, and transmission range is longer.

● data transfer path quality is definite and uses required the measuring of the best and the most reliable path for transfer of data.

When node is during in accepting state, main frame will only transmit.In half-duplex and full-duplex mode, when main frame is during in accepting state, node will only be sent to main frame.

For example, can executive communication in a succession of time slot, and, for main frame and node all known characteristic frequency carry out communicating by letter of each time slot.At next time slot, use another frequency.Use the frequency of limited quantity, still, in two adjacent time-slots, never use identical frequency.These frequencies will form the list of frequency that is conventionally called frequency key (frequency key).Frequency key all shifts to an earlier date known concerning main frame and node.This technology is called frequency hopping spread spectrum conventionally.In addition, for the characteristic frequency of the time slot of communicating by letter, be conventionally called communication channel, as disclosed in list of references [1].

The citation form of data transactions is between main frame and node, is called point-to-point communication.Can also be from main frame simultaneously to many node broadcasts packets, this is called point-to-multipoint.More the communication of advanced form is to carry out the data transactions from main frame to node by relaying packet with other wireless device.This communication topology is called grid communication conventionally.

When node is not within the scope of main frame, for example, as shown in Figure 1, when entity weakens signal, conventionally use grid communication.

Fig. 1 shows the wireless network 10 that uses grid communication, comprises main frame 11 and many nodes 12.Main frame 11 wishes to set up and communicate by letter with the specific node that is designated as node 3, and still, the point-to-point communication as shown in dotted arrow 13 is impossible, because building 14 has been blocked this path.Therefore, main frame 11 is set up and is communicated by letter with node 3 by several other nodes (being designated as node 1 and node 2), and node 1 and 2 is as the relay station between main frame and node 3, as arrow 15 ₁, 15 ₂with 15 ₃shown in.

Wireless network is formed by minimum two unit (main frame and node), still, can comprise some nodes, as shown in Figure 1 in larger network.Yet part of nodes can not participate in, and other position executive communication in network, as shown in Figure 2.The form of communication can be to use point-to-point, point-to-multipoint or the grid of single work, half-or full-duplex transaction.

Fig. 2 shows local network 20, also referred to as subnet, comprises main frame 21 and a plurality of node 22.Exist object 26 with example explanation communication form.Continuously arrow 23 shows point-to-point communication, and dotted arrows 24 shows point-to-multipoint delivery, and with the dotted arrow 25 to being positioned the node after object 26 ₁with 25 ₂show grid communication.

It should be noted, all communication can start by the main frame 21 in subnet 20, as shown, still, also the node in subnet 20 22 can be configured in the interior startup communication of subnet 20.This can realize by the node that starts communication being appointed as to " interim main frame ".When executive communication task, this node is abandoned as interim main frame.

General conception of the present invention is that formation comprises the wireless networks of a plurality of local networks such as describing in conjunction with Fig. 2, and in each local network, uses exclusive messaging parameter, still can communicate by letter with adjacent local network simultaneously.As described above, these local networks in wireless network are called subnet.

Subnet in wireless network can be similar with the main frame-node communication with describing in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 mode communicate by letter and swap data.Main Differences is, compares with the intercommunication in subnet by host-initiated, and any subnet can start and the communicating by letter of another subnet.The subnet that starts communication will become startup subnet.Preferably use half-duplex and single work from a subnet to another subnet swap data.

Wireless network is always formed by two or more subnets.Subnet in wireless network can form grid network, this means that not two subnets in scope each other can pass through other subnet swap data, as shown in Figure 3.

Fig. 3 shows first execution mode with the wireless network 30 that is arranged in building 35 a plurality of subnets 31 to 34 around.Each subnet is provided with main frame 21 and at least one node 22, as in conjunction with illustrated in fig. 2, and is configured to carry out intercommunication by one group of local communication parameter.Also adjacent subnet (for example subnet 31 and 32) is configured to communicate with one another with one group of public messaging parameter.If wish packet to transfer to subnet 34 from subnet 31, subnet 31 will become startup subnet, and subnet 34 will become targeted subnet.The communication channel that each arrow 36,37 and 38 shows between subnet.

While can only communicate by letter in subnet, allow in some time, between subnet, not carry out data transactions, still, preference data transaction can with subnet in inside currently carry out simultaneously.Between subnet, form by this way communication: the node in the subnet that will receive packet or main frame are when receiving mode, and the node in starting subnet or main frame are by the transmission of log-on data bag.In half-duplex operation, the node in starting subnet or main frame are during in receiving mode, and the node in subnet or main frame will transmit data.Preferably but and not necessarily, executive communication in exclusive time slot.Messaging parameter for each communication channel (being that subnet is to subnetwork communicating) is formed to each the sharing body (union) of parameter of two subnets, that is, and the public messaging parameter of these two subnets.

example:

Two subnets are that subnet 31 will be communicated by letter with subnet 32.

Each adjacent subnet carries out internal subnet communication with one group of exclusive messaging parameter.Subnet 31 is used messaging parameter A, B, and C, and subnet 32 is used messaging parameter C, D, E.With the sharing body executive communication between subnet 31 and 32 of the two, described sharing body is parameters C, that is, and and common communication parameter.In this example, it is five different frequency ranges that messaging parameter A to E can exemplify, and wherein, common frequency range " C " shows the common communication channel in subnet 31 and 32 shared frequency domains.Frequency range " A " and " B " show two communication channels in the intercommunicating frequency domain that can be used for subnet 31, and frequency range " D " and " E " show two communication channels in the intercommunicating frequency domain that can be used for subnet 32.

For the subnet of the part of wireless network preferably has at least two group communication parameters, that is, one group for intercommunication (local group communication parameter) and one group for the communication between this subnet and adjacent subnet.If subnet has several adjacent subnets, so, other subnet that each is configured to communicate with, may need one group of extra messaging parameter, for example, unless all adjacent subnets are shared one group of public messaging parameter, public frequency domain.

The system that comprises wireless network may coexist in such as in mobile telephone network, WiFi focus, wireless sensor network and other subnet for wireless the Internet access.All these networks that coexist will occupy one or several frequency.For example, WiFi focus may share and use identical frequency as subnet with wireless senser.To there is conflict in the wireless network operating under same frequency, in best situation, cause the reduction of transmission speed at random, and in the poorest situation, cause communication to be blocked completely.In order to prevent this situation, a kind of the coexist method of performance of raising has below been described.

According to lower parameter, form the overlay area of each subnet, for example:

1. the overall wireless communications density in region.

2. local data transaction density (data transactions can be closeer between some local unit).

3. allow the maximum quantity with the node of main-machine communication.

4. the communication range between main frame and node.

All these parameters are by impact and change so-called local wireless environment.When forming subnet, with this, sequentially list preferred status, because the overall goal of described method is the performance that coexists of maximization and other wireless network.

1. overall wireless communications density

For example, in intensive urban area that may be higher in WiFi focus density, the region less with population compared, and the scale of subnet will be less.For each adjacent subnet, will form one group of local exclusive messaging parameter, for example above-mentioned those, and be therefore adapted to current wireless environment.

2. local data transaction density

Typically, some position in wireless network, the communication in subnet between main frame and node may be more intensive.An example is voice data to be continued to transfer to the node of main frame, or real time video image is transferred to continuously to the wireless camera of main frame.Certainly, during the transmission, a large amount of data will be transmitted.This example has confirmed the high local data transaction density in wireless network.

3. number of nodes

By the wireless environment contextual model (wireless environmental profile) that each node mapping extremely can be obtained from main frame, according to this locality in wireless environment, change, can increase or reduce the quantity of the node (being communication unit) in subnet.Basic conception is if node experiences the wireless environment contextual model different wireless environment stored from main frame, to make decision, or allow this node form new subnet, or connect the adjacent subnet of the contextual model with better coupling.

4. communication range

Main frame can be via one or more nodes and the node communication being arranged in outside the overlay area of main frame, and as shown in Figure 2, shortcoming is when transmitting and receive signal, to produce delay.Communication range will be limited by the caused delay of maximum acceptable intervention node.

Fig. 4 shows the flow chart that explanation adapts to the process of subnet overlay area.

From step 40, start this flow process, and, in step 41, investigate the wireless environment of the main frame in subnet, with by monitoring (listen) and being identified in the wireless environment contextual model that the messaging parameter (CP) using in other wireless application, network etc. is determined main frame.In step 42, Host Based wireless environment contextual model, for subnet is selected one group of local CP, for one group of exclusive local CP of adjacent subnet.In step 43, whether investigation there is any high local density (being any high local data transaction application).If there is the application cause high local density, as above example explanation, flow process advances to step 44, in this step, by reducing the overlay area that can limit subnet with the quantity of the node of main-machine communication, then advances to step 45.Yet if do not find high local density, flow process directly advances to step 45.

In step 45, investigate the home environment of each node existing in subnet, and be mapped in the wireless environment contextual model of main frame, in step 46, make decision with the suitable action changing for home environment of each node determination in subnet.If the home environment of node changes, flow process advances to step 47, and by forming new subnet or connecting the subnet subordinate relation that another subnet changes node, as disclosed in conjunction with the more detailed of Fig. 9.Then, flow process advances to step 48.Yet if the home environment of node does not change, flow process directly advances to step 48.

In step 48, the impact of the communication delay in investigation subnet, if distance is excessive, that is, the maximum acceptable delay of retardation ratio when transmitting between the main frame in subnet and node and/or receiving signal is high, changes the subnet subordinate relation of this node.

Flow process finishes in step 49.It should be noted, this flow chart discloses the process of for example carrying out when wireless network starts, and still, this process is preferably carried out with regular interval, as shown in the empty line of return in Fig. 4.

Fig. 5 shows the communication unit 50 that can use in wireless network according to the present invention, for example main frame or node.Communication unit comprises and is configured to the module 51 of communicating by letter with other unit (unit in same subnet or other subnet) via antenna 52.Module comprises the processor 53 being connected with memory 54.Processor 53 is connected with transceiver unit 55, and transceiver unit 55 is connected with antenna 52 again.Memory 54 is configured to store the essential information of processor 53, with other unit communication, for example, multi-unit message parameter (CP).Preferably by the information storage relevant with interim main frame of the main frame to subnet in memory 54.

Alternatively, by transducer 56 is set, for communication unit 50 provides gateway function, transducer 56 was configured to before processor can decryption, and the data transaction that will for example, receive from user terminal (PC) by connector 57 becomes suitable form.Connector 57 can be realized with wave point, still, preferably includes wired connection.

By the advantage that Composite gateway/node/main frame produces in identical communication unit, be manufacture single assembly more cheap, and the redundancy of system to be larger, because the function of communication unit can be decided by remote programmable.

Fig. 6 shows the node of explanation in subnet A to the signal flow graph of an example of the process of executing data transaction between the node in different sub-network B.Subnet A starts subnet, and subnet B is targeted subnet.In this example, subnet A comprises main frame (host A) and two nodes (node A1 and node A2), and subnet B comprises main frame (host B) and two nodes (Node B 1 and Node B 2).Node A1 wishes that log-on data transaction is to Node B 2, also wishes to receive the confirmation that data transactions completes.

In Fig. 6, dotted arrows represents to send signal, and arrow represents data transactions continuously, and dotted arrow represents to confirm.By one group of local communication parameter (CP1 and CP3), carry out all communication the in subnet, and the communication between subnet used one group of public messaging parameter (CP2), as shown in the bottom of Fig. 6.

1) node A1 sends request to host A, to start and the communicating by letter of Node B 1 in adjacent subnet B.

2) host A sends message to all nodes in subnet A, confirm that node A1 is " interim main frame " in subnet A, and node A1 has the ability that starts the data transactions in subnet A thus.

3) node A1 sends data to node A2, any node in the subnet A that node A2 representative can be communicated by letter with subnet B.It should be noted, by first group of local communication parameter (CP1), carry out all communications in subnet A, CP1 is different from the messaging parameter that adjacent subnet is used.

4) for data being transferred to subnet B from subnet A, before sending data from node A2 to Node B 1, node A2 need to change messaging parameter into one group of public messaging parameter CP2, it is shared by subnet A and subnet B, any node in the subnet B that Node B 1 representative can be communicated by letter with subnet A.

5) Node B 1 notice host B: received data to transfer them to Node B 2 from adjacent subnet.

6) host B sends message to all nodes in subnet B, confirms that Node B 1 is subnet B " interim main frame ", and Node B 1 can start the data transactions in subnet B thus.

7) Node B 1 sends data to Node B 2, and Node B 2 represents the final destination in subnet B.It should be noted, by second group of local communication parameter (CP3), carry out all communications in subnet B, CP3 is different from the messaging parameter that adjacent subnet is used.

8) Node B 2 is used the second local communication parameter (CP3) to send acknowledge message to the interim main frame (being Node B 1) in subnet B.

9), for acknowledge message being sent to subnet A from subnet B, before acknowledge message is sent to the node A2 of subnet A from Node B 1, Node B 1 need to change messaging parameter into common set messaging parameter CP2.

10) in order acknowledge message to be sent to the interim main frame (being node A1) in subnet A, before acknowledge message is sent to node A1, node A2 need to change messaging parameter into first group of local communication parameters C P1.

11) after node A1 confirmation of receipt message, no longer need the communication channel of setting up between node A1 and Node B 2.Therefore, node A1 sends request to remove node A1 as the interim main frame of subnet A to host A.

12) host A sends message to all nodes in subnet A, confirms that node A1 is no longer the interim main frame of subnet A.

13) node A2 is used common communication parameters C P2 to send message to Node B 1, to notify confirmation of receipt message and no longer to need communication channel.

14) when Node B 1 receives after notice, to host B, send request, using and remove Node B 1 as the interim main frame of subnet B.

15) host B sends message to all nodes in subnet B, confirms that Node B 1 is no longer the interim main frame of subnet B.

Always do not need authentication data transaction to reach its object.In Fig. 7, provided and this has been carried out to the signal flow graph of example explanation.

Subnet is used if the symbol occurring in Fig. 6 is also for completing the process of data transactions, that is, and process steps 1 to 7.

16) when node A2 has completed it, to the Node B 1 in subnet B, send after the task of data, it sends request host A, usings and removes node A1 as the interim main frame of subnet A.

17) host A sends message to all nodes in subnet A, confirms that node A1 is no longer the interim main frame of subnet A.

18) when Node B 2 receives data transactions from Node B 1, it sends request to host B, usings and removes Node B 1 as the interim main frame of subnet B.

19) host B sends message to all nodes in subnet B, confirms that Node B 1 is no longer the interim main frame of subnet B.

Any time that can be after the transmission of complete process step 4, at the same time with implementation step 18 and 19, implementation step 16 and 17, as shown in Figure 7.

Fig. 8 shows the second execution mode of wireless network 60, and it comprises the subnet 61,62,63 that three this locality in the wireless environment that adapts to each subnets change.

Suppose that two frequency band X and Y can be used for communicating by letter in region that wireless network 60 covers, and hypothesis compares with 63 wireless environment with subnet 61, the W-LAN 64 of service band X changes the wireless environment of subnets 62.In addition, subnet 61 and 63 (is for example stopped by building 67) outside the scope that can set up each other direct access communication channel, therefore, need to set up communication channel by subnet 62.

The existence of W-LAN 64 can limit the messaging parameter for subnet 62, and, in order to communicate by letter with 63 with other subnet 61, need to select one group of local communication parameter in subnet 62, they are different from the local communication parameter in subnet 61 and 63.This can for example, by realizing with different frequency bands in the subnet for communicating by letter:

Subnet	Local CP
		61	X
62	Y
		63	X

Table 1

Yet subnet 6 also needs to communicate by letter with 63 with subnet 61, and unique frequency range that can be used for all-ones subnet is frequency range Y.Therefore, only cut apart available frequency range and be not enough to meet to set up according to the demand of wireless network of the present invention, that is, and exclusive one group of local communication parameter and for one group of common communication parameter of adjacent subnet concerning each adjacent subnet.Use different transmission algorithms by head it off.For example, can in frequency range Y, use transmission algorithm A1 and A2.

Table 1 can be extended to and also comprise one group of common communication parameter:

Subnet	Wireless contextual model	Public CP	Local CP
				61	X；Y(A2)	Y(A2)	X
62	Y(A1)；Y(A2)	Y(A2)	Y(A1)
				63	X；Y(A2)	Y(A2)	X

Table 2

Therefore, with following messaging parameter, carry out the communication between the subnet 61 and 62 of being indicated by reference number 65: in conjunction with the frequency range Y of transmission algorithm A2; And the communication between the subnet 62 and 63 of being indicated by reference number 66 with identical messaging parameter execution.

Can also set up for each adjacent subnet is an exclusive group communication parameter, and wherein, each subnet 61 is communicated by letter with 63 use frequency range X, and subnet 62 use are in conjunction with the frequency range Y communication of transmission algorithm A1.

If introduce new node in the region of W-LAN 64 and in the distance of all-ones subnet, first current wireless contextual model will be started to determine.In this example, new node will detect W-LAN, and wireless environment by final with identical at the wireless environment of subnet 62 interior foundation.After this completes, this node will start to search for current sub network, and find the most at last subnet 61,62 and 63.Now, this node compares the wireless contextual model of its wireless contextual model and each subnet 61 to 63.When the wireless contextual model of this node is when wireless contextual model in subnet 62 interior foundation mates, it will add this subnet.The more detailed example of this process has been described in conjunction with Fig. 9.

Can say, the communication in wireless network will be based on real-time execution.Yet the computer that is used for monitoring or controls the network operated by user is an example of non real-time application.Gateway communication is passed through in real-time radio network and non real-time application (for example, PC 68).It is general using gateway in computer communication network, and the present invention itself does not relate to gateway function.Gateway 69 ' in the wireless network 60 of describing can be with deciding to use which kind of transfer of data algorithm in different subnets.As mentioned below, many grid transmission algorithms are well-known, and gateway 69 ' is configured to determine the most applicable subnet 61,62 of which kind of algorithm or 63 and environment contextual model.

When starting formation wireless network and/or while forming new subnet in running time, also can use gateway 69 '.Primary gateway can also be carried out the self check of subnet, with node or the main frame of finding out in subnet, whether has any degeneration/fault.

If there is source gateway 69 ' to break down, maybe cannot serve, can use one or more redundant gateways 69 ".Redundant gateway 69 " not active, still, will maintain the current list of the network parameter that source gateway 69 ' uses.Have source gateway 69 ' to be called as primary gateway, if there is source gateway to serve, redundant gateway 69 " will in network, replace and have source gateway.If there is a more than redundant gateway, each redundant gateway 69 " monitoring is had to the transmission of source gateway 69 ', and according to predetermined priority order, automatically activate after overtime.

Have source gateway 69 ' and redundant gateway 69 " can pass through wired connection (as shown in the solid line between gateway 69 ' and PC 68) and communicate by letter with PC 68; or for example, by standard agreement (being arranged at the standard agreement in GSM) and PC 68 radio communications, as redundant gateway 69 " and PC 68 between four-headed arrow as shown in.

Figure 10 shows the 3rd execution mode of wireless network 100, and it comprises subnet A 101 and subnet B 102.Subnet A 101 has six and shares one group of local communication parameters C P _anode A1 to A6, subnet B 102 also has six and shares second group of local communication parameters C P _bnode B 1 to B6.It should be noted, adjacent subnet has exclusive local group communication parameter, i.e. CP _awith CP _bdifference, to prevent the interference between adjacent subnet.Node in adjacent subnet is also shared one group of public messaging parameter CP _aB, they are different from local group communication parameter, that is, and and CP _aB≠ CP _a≠ CP _b.

Preferably in each subnet, there is host node (for example A1 and B1), in conjunction with Fig. 9, describe in more detail the function of main frame.

In Figure 10, show many communication paths, wherein, the intercommunication between the node that solid line 103,104 represents in subnet; And dotted line 105 represents to belong to the communication between the node of different sub-network.Equally, note, can not need to use the main frame of each subnet, just can be between subnet 101,102 executive communication with transinformation between subnet, and any node can be carried out this function, as described in conjunction with Figure 11 and Figure 12.

In Figure 11, with three channels, different messaging parameters is shown.CP _acorresponding to the first channel 106, CP _aBcorresponding to the second channel 107, and CP _bcorresponding to the 3rd channel 108.

Each channel is divided into time slot 1 to 6, and in the first time slot, from A5 to A6, from A4 to B1 and from B4 to B3, executive communication simultaneously.In the second time slot 2 to 6, by three non-overlapped channels (the different communication parameter of representative for communicating by letter), carry out similar communication simultaneously.

Certainly, can with the messaging parameter of other type, obtain identical object, for example, use the overlapping channel that has utilized dissimilar transmission algorithm, as shown in figure 12.Common channel 109 is for being used intercommunication and the use second transmission algorithm communication different sub-network between of the first transmission algorithm in subnet A.The second channel 106 is for the intercommunication in subnet B.

form wireless network

Can form wireless network with prior defined procedure, wherein, below describe three kinds of method for optimizing.

a) top-bottom method

1. gateway will be used for example binary tree search to carry out Network Recognition, and this is apparent for technical staff.

2. its environment contextual model of node report.

3. gateway arranges the main frame in subnet and each subnet.

b) bottom-top method

1. when node is powered for the first time, its oneself environment contextual model is investigated and set up to node.

2. then, node is attempted detecting adjacent subnet and their respective host, and the environment contextual model of setting up of the environment contextual model of adjacent subnet and node is compared.

3. if subnet or main frame do not detected, node will become main frame, and attempt to find new node or other subnet.

4. final, when how new node is connected with wireless network, will be established to the path of gateway.

c) predefine main frame

1. in advance part unit is predefined as to main frame.

2. when providing electric power to this unit, it will attempt to find adjacent node, and by them and its Subnetwork connection.

3. next step will be the route finding to gateway.

Fig. 9 shows the flow chart of preferred implementation (as the execution mode of concise and to the point description in above " bottom-top method ") that explanation forms the process of the wireless network that this locality be adapted in wireless environment changes.

Step 70 is to 75 introducings of having described the communication unit of a part (as main frame or node) that is not any subnet.Step 76 has been described the action that communication unit is taked when the main frame as in subnet to 83, step 84 to 92 described when as in subnet be connected to the node of main frame time the communication unit action taked.

When communication unit starts for the first time, step 70, it is by monitoring to collect the information relevant to wireless environment, as shown in step 71.Then, in step 72, based on wireless environment, determine the wireless contextual model WP of communication unit, if communication unit can detect the subnet into a part for same wireless network, step 73, flow process advances to step 74, so that the WP of communication unit and the WP of the subnet being detected are compared, compares thus with the WP of addressable subnet.Yet if subnet do not detected in step 73, flow process advances to step 76, in this step, this communication unit is upgraded to the main frame in new subnet, and be that new subnet arranges a group communication parameter based on the determined WP of step 72.If do not find to mate when the WP of communication unit is compared with the WP of detected subnet in step 74, in step 75, make decision to advance to step 76, and, if the coupling of discovery, flow process advances to step 85, in this step, communication unit is appointed as to the node in coupling subnet.

In step 77, main frame monitors to determine any change to its wireless environment.Main frame is also monitored the WP (as shown in dotted line 93) of the node in subnet, and monitors the WP of other subnet within the scope of it, step 78.Object is reception information, to be updated in the local group communication parameter of using in subnet, and upgrade be used for its within the scope of the common set messaging parameter of other subnetwork communicating, and can not disturb other wireless application.In step 79, upgrade the WP of main frame and the messaging parameter CP of described group (local with public).

One forms the new subnet with main frame, described in step 76, just can constantly be connected to new subnet with node and the new communication unit starting of other Subnetwork connection.If there is any node that is connected to this subnet, step 80, flow process is back to step 77 via step 81, in step 81, current WP and the CP of main frame is sent to be connected node (as shown in dotted line 94).Yet if there is no node and this Subnetwork connection, so main frame is the unique communication unit being present in this subnet, flow process advances to step 82.The WP of the WP of main frame and the subnet within the scope of it (that is subnet that, may be adjacent) is compared.If do not find coupling while comparing WP in step 82, make decision in step 83, to go to step 77.Yet if the coupling of discovery, main frame is downgraded to node and is connected to coupling subnet.Before flow process advances to step 86, in step 84, receive one group of new messaging parameter (local with public).

When communication unit is designated as the node of coupling in subnet in step 85, this node is connected to the main frame in matching network, and before flow process advances to step 86, receives CP (local with public).

In step 86, this node monitors to determine any change to its wireless environment, and in response to detected variation the WP of new node more, step 87.If the variation in the WP upgrading is significant, in step 88, to make decision, flow process advances to step 89.Yet if variation is not remarkable, flow process is back to step 86.

In step 89, the WP of the renewal of node is sent to main frame, as shown in dotted line 93, with the main frame by monitoring step 78, receive.Then, flow process advances to step 90, in this step, from the current WP of main frame Receiving Host and CP (local with public), as shown in dotted line 94.In step 91, the comparison between the WP of XM and the WP of main frame if the WP of node mates with the WP of main frame, is made decision in step 92, and flow process is back to step 86.Yet if do not find coupling in step 92, flow process is back to step 74, in this step, the WP of node and detected subnet is compared.

local communication parameter

Need to effectively use the usable frequency of sub-network level, in order to realize this target, introduce a kind of being called the process of " adaptation of dynamic channel density ".Compare with art methods, dynamic channel density adapts to will significantly improve the performance that coexists.This process will be utilized all usable frequencies all the time.Ratio with 100% is used to the frequency not taken by other wireless network.By other wireless network, used the frequency of time of 50%, by the time of only being used 50%.By the frequency of the time of use 95% to 100%, by the time of being used 5%.Even if 100% the time of being occupied also will be used the reason of this frequency to be all the time, the variation of monitoring utilization rate.

Typically, the utilization rate of the frequency in radio communication (itself and data transactions equal density) will change along with the time.In residential block, WiFi is used will have its peak value at night, still, and during office hours by less use.The natural cause of this phenomenon is, the increase in demand to access the Internet when people are in.Therefore, it is evident that, subnet will significantly increase to the less use of WiFi frequency the performance that coexists at night.In addition, because all frequencies are all used all the time to a certain extent, so system will adapt to and increase the use of the less frequency taking rapidly.

When the communication unit in subnet starts to communicate by letter for the first time, each main frame and node will just in time similarly be used each usable frequency.Even if do not transmit data, the main frame in subnet and node thereof also will skip to new frequency at each new time slot.With channel, do not communicate by letter, each node and main frame by monitoring to find other wireless network at this particular time-slot by this characteristic frequency.If main frame or any node detect this frequency and use, will to this, record and be stored in main frame.Then, main frame will be any variation and node communication, to upgrade the wireless contextual model of subnet.

When there is data transactions between main frame and one or more many nodes, if data transactions is unsuccessful (when same frequency is used in the transmission of another wireless system, while stoping thus this frequency, will there is this situation), each node will carry out record.

Node in subnet (not being the target of any node communication from main frame to same subnet) will not take the wireless network of this frequency these communications records for another, because be radio communication subnet in by being this communication identification.

Each node will be periodically to main frame reporting channel density, and main frame will be taken the initiative and be moved and calculate subnet channel density, for example, uses following formula to calculate:

X+Y＝1

UR＝|X*(1-t_occ_n/t_meas_n)*1-10＾((P_i-P_TX)/10)+Y*(1-PERn)|

The utilization rate of UR=frequency (%)

The measuring period of t_meas_n=frequency n

The occupied time of t_occ_n=frequency n

PERn=is at the packet error rate of frequency n

P_i=carrys out the average power level of self-interference wireless network

The carrier power of P_TX=reflector

The weight of X=parameter (%)

The weight of Y=parameter (%)

In this example, use messaging parameter time, frequency, RF power, also used packet error rate to determine the utilization rate of frequency (%).

If interference do not detected, left side expression formula

X* (1-t_occ_n/t_meas_n) * 1-10^ ((P_i-P_TX)/10) equals X*1

If packet error rate is 0%, right-hand side expression

Y* (1-PERn) equals Y*1

Due to X+Y=1, therefore, in this example, the utilization rate UR=|X*1+Y*1|=100% of frequency n, when can't detect other wireless system and each packet and arrive its destination, this is very natural.

The example of grid transmission algorithm:

● aODV(wireless self-networking (Ad hoc) demand distance vector)

● oLSR(optimization link-state routing protocol)

● dSR(DSR)

● oSPF(ospf route)

● dSDV(destination node sequence distance vector route)

● b.A.T.M.A.N.(with building, connecting network optimization scheme (Better Approach to Mobile Adhoc Networking))

● pWRP(prediction wireless routing agreement)

● oORP(OrderOne Routing Protocol) (OrderOne network routing protocol)

● tORA(temporarily according to the order of sequence routing algorithm)

● hSLS(fuzzy visual field Link State (Hazy-Sighted Link State))

● iWMP(basic wireless mesh agreement), is used for basic grid network by UFPB-Brazil exploitation.

The example of the frequency band without license that can use in the whole world has:

2.480-2.4835GHz

5.15-5.25GHz

5.25-5.35GHz

5.725-5.825GHz

In above-mentioned example, with identical communications platform, carry out all communications between the unit between the unit in each subnet and in adjacent subnet.In this manual, to be defined as be the communications platform of sharing identical multi-unit message parameter to communications platform.Can carry out executive communication with the messaging parameter of all groups or their subset.

Subnet by gsm communication will not shared the messaging parameter of any group with the subnet of communicating by letter by ZigBee, for example, even if the messaging parameter of shared portion group (, for the subnet of communicating by letter by WiFi 802.11b and the subnet of communicating by letter by ZigBee), both subnets all cannot be used the messaging parameter of all whole groups of another subnet.If a subnet is used one group of messaging parameter that cannot be used by another subnet, the communication in these two examples will be impossible.

Yet if two subnets can be used the messaging parameter of identical group, that is, they share identical communications platform, as long as select just in time phase messaging parameter on the same group in communication, the communication between them will be just possible all the time.

List of references

[1] " Cluster-based multi-channel scheduling algorithms for ad hoc networks ", Hyukjin Lee and Cheng-Chew Lim, Wireless and Optical Communications Networks, 2007.WOCN ' 07.IFIP International Conference on, the 1st to 5 pages, in July, 2007 2-4.

[2] " CogMesh:A Cluster-based Cognitive Radio Network ", Tao Chen, Honggang Zhang, Gian Mario Maggio and Imrich Chlamtac, New Frontiers in Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks, 2007.DySPAN 2007,2nd IEEE International Symposium on, the 168th to 178 pages, 17-20 day in April, 2007.

Claims

1. a wireless network (30; 60), comprise at least two subnet (31-34; 61-63), each subnet comprises and is configured to a plurality of unit (21,22) of radio communication each other, described wireless network is configured to select local group communication parameter (CP1, CP3) for the intercommunication in each subnet, it is characterized in that, described wireless network is further configured to:

-for adjacent subnet, select exclusive local group communication parameter, by different local group communication parameters, carry out intercommunication in adjacent subnet to prevent the interference between adjacent subnet thus, and

-be described wireless network (30; 60) the adjacent subnet in selects to be different from least one common set messaging parameter (CP2) of described local group communication parameter (CP1, CP3), thus described wireless network (30; 60) communication between the adjacent subnet in can with each subnet in intercommunication carry out simultaneously, and

It is each subnet (31-34 that wherein said wireless network is further configured to based on wireless environment; 61-63) select described local group communication parameter and described common set messaging parameter, and

One in described a plurality of unit in each subnet is main frame (21), described main frame (21) is configured to set up the wireless contextual model WP of described wireless environment, and the wireless contextual model WP based on set up, for each subnet is selected described local group communication parameter (CP1, CP3) and described common set messaging parameter (CP2).

2. wireless network according to claim 1, wherein, at least one node (50) is configured to as gateway, and it is suitable for and is arranged in outside compunication.

3. according to the wireless network described in any one in claim 1 to 2, wherein, in identical communications platform, use described local group communication parameter (CP1, CP3) and the described common set messaging parameter (CP2) of each subnet.

4. one kind for adjusting wireless network (30; 60) method, described wireless network (30; 60), as the definition of any one in claims 1 to 3, described wireless network comprises at least two subnet (31-34; 61-63), each subnet comprises and is configured to use local group communication parameter (CP1, CP3) a plurality of unit (21,22) of radio communication each other, it is characterized in that, described wireless network is configured to adapt to wireless environment, and described method comprises:

By execution step a) and b) monitor before each subnet (31-34; Described wireless environment 61-63) is determined the wireless contextual model WP of each subnet, and

A) for each subnet based on described definite wireless contextual model WP, for adjacent subnet is selected exclusive described local group communication parameter (CP1, CP3), by different local group communication parameters, carry out intercommunication in adjacent subnet to prevent the interference between adjacent subnet thus, and

B), based on described definite wireless contextual model WP, be described wireless network (30; 60) the adjacent subnet in selects to be different from described local group communication parameter (CP1, CP3) at least one common set messaging parameter (CP2), and repeat regularly following steps: determine described wireless contextual model WP, then adjust described local group communication parameter (CP1, CP3) and described common set messaging parameter (CP2) to adapt to the variation of wireless environment, described wireless network (30 thus; 60) the adjacent subnet (31-34 in; Communication 61-63) can with each subnet in intercommunication carry out simultaneously.

5. method according to claim 4, wherein, is adjusted at the described wireless contextual model WP determining before step a) based on dynamic channel density.