CN102332714A - Grounding-free direct lightning protector for three-phase power-supply system - Google Patents
Grounding-free direct lightning protector for three-phase power-supply system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102332714A CN102332714A CN201110279826A CN201110279826A CN102332714A CN 102332714 A CN102332714 A CN 102332714A CN 201110279826 A CN201110279826 A CN 201110279826A CN 201110279826 A CN201110279826 A CN 201110279826A CN 102332714 A CN102332714 A CN 102332714A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a grounding-free direct lightning protector for a three-phase power-supply system. A T-T mode surging protector, a T-N mode surging protector, a primary phase line and a null line are respectively serially connected to a phase line and a null line at output ends of the T-T mode surging protector and T-N mode surging protector, thereby forming the grounding-free direct lightning protector, wherein the T-T mode surging protector is composed of zinc oxide components BL1, BL2, BL3 and BL4; the T-N mode surging protector is composed of zinc oxide components BL4, BL5, BL6 and BL7; and a secondary of an isolation transformer is designed as an output port of a lightning protector. The grounding-free direct lightning protector has a lightning position and lightning voltage dual protection function. The isolation transformer is used for isolating the lightning position influence at input and output phase lines. A consumption channel is composed of a power grid null line or shell and a grounding zero potential point, thereby consuming the lightning effect on a system, lowering grounding cost of lightning protection engineering, tapping high impedance of a consuming way, reducing the lightning currents flowing through the zinc oxide components of T-T and T-N systems, and promoting protection reliability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of thunder earth connection of exempting to take over control, use, can play the three phase electric power protector of reliably protecting, can be widely used in the protection of direct stroke of the electronic electric equipment of three-phase power supply system power supply the power-supply system direct stroke at three-phase power supply system.
Background technology
The power-supply system lightning protection measure of standard is as shown in Figure 1: SPD is installed in the power supply import additional; After the SPD grounding ports is passed through ground strap and is connected by protection equipment implementation equipotential, link to each other with the earth with good lightning protection earthing system (down conductor and earth electrode).
The protection mechanism of generally acknowledging: the thunder and lightning interaction potential energy W that introduces from network system is through SPD and the lightning protection line the earth of releasing, and earth resistance is more little, and the thunder and lightning energy of the earth of releasing is many more, and the time of releasing is fast more, protects effect good more.
This is physical basically understanding mistake in fact; Connection layout as Fig. 2 is the system thunder defending earth connection; Its equivalent action sketch map such as Fig. 3, we can find out from these two parent maps, the thunder and lightning interaction potential energy W of power supply import through SPD, lightning protection line and the earth form release consume by way of; Whole thunder and lightning interaction potential energy W consumes in the front of the earth zero potential point, rather than the back of the zero potential point of releasing.
The zero potential reference point of closed-loop path nonelectrostatic field and the zero potential reference point of electrostatic field are two different physical concepts, and current potential is zero reference point, and its electromotive force is non-vanishing.
The impedance ground of lightning protection line is the part that this thunder and lightning potential energy consumes approach; Impedance ground is more little; Expression be that the thunder and lightning interaction potential energy that in grounding system, consumes is more little, increased the weight of the consumption of the thunder and lightning effect energy of protection system accordingly, also promptly increased the weight of the thunderbolt burden of system.Impedance ground is big more; Expression be that the thunder and lightning interaction potential energy that in grounding system, consumes is big more, reduced the consumption of the thunder and lightning effect energy of protection system accordingly, also promptly alleviated the thunderbolt burden of system; Under the suitable technique measure guaranteed, earth resistance was to be the bigger the better.
Suppose that the grounding system that we do is desirable zero impedance; What explain is that the thunder and lightning energy that in grounding system, consumes is zero; It is not the thunder and lightning energy the earth behind the earth connection of all releasing; The grounding system of this desirable zero impedance that we did equals zero to the effect of lightning protection at this moment, and good earth is not the necessary condition of lightning-protection engineering.
The engineering reliability of a lightning protection for power supply (SPD) has the requirement of thunder and lightning position and these two aspects of lightning voltage:
The thunder and lightning position is too high, can cause system equipment internal wiring and casing () sparking, the fault of discharge;
Lightning voltage is too high, can cause the damage fault of system equipment components and parts.
The power lightning protection protector of existing three-phase four-wire power supply system national Specification has two kinds of basic connected modes:
(1) T-T system as shown in Figure 4:
Thunder and lightning position U
a, U
b, U
cFor: the zinc oxide component residual voltage of the zinc oxide component residual voltage+N-PE between P (A, B, C)-N;
Lightning voltage is U
AN, U
BN, U
CN: the zinc oxide component residual voltage between P (A, B, C)-N.
This mode is under the prerequisite of selecting suitable zinc oxide component parameter; The protection of reliable lightning voltage is arranged; The protection that does not have reliable thunder and lightning position is (in some system applies; Selector switch type device between N-PE, and these switching mode devices have only nanosecond to the reaction time of overvoltage, much larger than the nanosecond that votage limit type requires).
(2) T-N system as shown in Figure 5:
Thunder and lightning position U
a, U
b, U
cFor: the zinc oxide component residual voltage between P (A, B, C), N-PE;
Lightning voltage is U
AN, U
BN, U
CN: the thunder and lightning position between P (A, B, C), N-PE poor, bad or meet uneven thunderbolt (electrical network flank attack) when ground connection, accident that just might spot current potential counterattack.
This T-N mode has the protection of reliable thunder and lightning position under the prerequisite of selecting suitable zinc oxide component parameter, do not have the protection of reliable lightning voltage.
Independently a T-T and a T-N system can only be as the building blocks of a thunder resisting equipment, and wherein the T-T system should be as the guard block of lightning voltage, and the T-N system should be as the guard block of thunder and lightning position, and can not as one independently thunder resisting equipment use.
In fact, in a lot of occasions, independently T-T and T-N system are directly used as thunder resisting equipment; This method for using all is that the protection of not understanding thunder and lightning position and lightning voltage requires and the incomplete method of protection taked, often occurs the situation that lightning protection device does not shield in actual use, loses efficacy for this protection; Our common solution is to adopt the residual voltage that reduces zinc oxide component; Promptly adopt the low zinc oxide component of DC operation parameter, but this method zinc oxide component itself is easy to take place aged deterioration, under this situation; If the hot release unit of equipment is bad; Serious meeting breaking out of fire accident is connected in series sky for this reason again and opens before zinc oxide component, its typical guard method has following two kinds of basic methods of attachment:
(1) T-T system+sky as shown in Figure 6 is opened
The thunder and lightning position is: zinc oxide component residual voltage+sky of the zinc oxide component residual voltage+N-PE between P (A, B, C)-N is opened residual voltage;
Lightning voltage is: the thunder and lightning potential difference+sky between P (A, B, C), N-PE is opened residual voltage.
This mode is under the prerequisite of selecting suitable zinc oxide component parameter; The protection reliability of lightning voltage and thunder and lightning position will consider that sky opens the influence of residual voltage, all is that a kind of inductance type sky is opened for using sky in SPD to open; Be struck by lightning moment; The residual voltage that sky is opened is very high, particularly under electrical network flank attack thunderbolt situation, does not have the protection reliability of reliable thunder and lightning position and lightning voltage.
(2) T-N system+sky as shown in Figure 7 is opened
The thunder and lightning position is: the zinc oxide component residual voltage+sky between P (A, B, C)-N is opened residual voltage;
Lightning voltage is: the thunder and lightning potential difference+sky between P (A, B, C), N-PE is opened residual voltage, and is bad or meet uneven thunderbolt (electrical network flank attack) when ground connection, accident that will spot current potential counterattack.
This mode is under the prerequisite of selecting suitable zinc oxide component parameter; The protection reliability of lightning voltage and thunder and lightning position; Consider that sky opens the influence of residual voltage, in thunderbolt moment, the residual voltage that sky is opened is very high; Particularly under electrical network sideflash situation, there is not the protection reliability of reliable thunder and lightning position and lightning voltage.
Before present patent application; I have applied for the seven module Surge Protector (patent No.s: 200820120204.9) that are cascaded and used by T-T, T-N; This simple T-T, T-N series connection; The residual voltage that can only guarantee to export is less than 1500 volts (depending on the DC operation parameter), according to the overvoltage and the overpotential security feature of electric equipment:
When overvoltage time during, can not damage electric equipment less than 1500 volts overvoltages less than millisecond;
When overvoltage time during, will damage electric equipment greater than 300 volts overvoltages greater than millisecond;
The overpotential ability to bear on electric equipment circuit and casing ground is 1000 volts/1 millimeter.
Characteristic with reference to direct stroke and indirect lightning strike:
The duration of the induced voltage that indirect lightning strike produces is general all less than bold and unconstrained second;
The superpotential overvoltage duration of direct stroke that direct stroke produces is general all greater than bold and unconstrained second.
Find out from last contrast; 200820120204.9 can be under simple ground connection situation; Guarantee the protection security requirement of indirect lightning strike situation, can not guarantee lightning voltage that the duration of exporting surpasses millisecond less than 300 volts requirement, its direct stroke to the power-supply system introducing does not play the reliable protection effect.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be directed to the deficiency of above-mentioned lightning protection measures and design a kind of export residual voltage amplitude and duration satisfy the direct stroke security requirement, do not change with the character (balance and uneven thunderbolt) of the size of earth resistance, installation site, thunderbolt, exempting to take over control under the situation of thunder earth connection; Guarantee the three phase mains direct stroke protection device of three-phase power supply system direct stroke safety; Have easy to use; Protection reliability high (comprising fail safe own), advantage such as installation cost is low.
The objective of the invention is to accomplish through following technical scheme:
A kind of ground connection three-phase power supply system direct stroke protection device of exempting from; Said lightning strike protection device is in series by T-T pattern Surge Protector, T-N pattern Surge Protector and isolating transformer; Said T-T pattern Surge Protector is made up of zinc oxide component BL1, BL2, BL3, BL4; T-N pattern Surge Protector is made up of zinc oxide component BL4, BL5, BL6, BL7; The elementary phase line of isolating transformer and zero line are connected with zero line with the phase line of the output of T-T pattern Surge Protector, T-N pattern Surge Protector respectively, and the secondary of isolating transformer is the output port of lightning strike protection device.
Preferably; Described isolating transformer is a three-phase isolation transformer; Three input ports of three-phase isolation transformer and three phase line ends of the delivery outlet of T-T pattern Surge Protector, T-N pattern Surge Protector link to each other; Zero line N links to each other with zero line, and the isolated windings of isolating transformer links to each other with earth terminal PE.
Preferably; Described isolating transformer is three single-phase isolating transformer B1, B2, B3; Three phase line ends of the delivery outlet that T-T pattern Surge Protector, T-N pattern Surge Protector connect link to each other with the input of single-phase isolating transformer B1, B2, B3 respectively, and another input of isolating transformer B1, B2, B3 and input zero line are connected together altogether, and the output of isolating transformer B1, B2, B3 is formed three independently delivery outlets; The zero line of delivery outlet is connected together altogether, and totally zero links to each other.
Preferably, the initial operating voltage of direct current of the zinc oxide component of described T-T pattern Surge Protector is/1 milliampere of 800-1000 volt, and the initial operating voltage of direct current of the zinc oxide component of T-N pattern Surge Protector is/1 milliampere of 600-800 volt.
Again preferably, the initial operating voltage of direct current of the zinc oxide component of T-T pattern Surge Protector is at 600-900 volt/milliampere, and the initial operating voltage of direct current of the zinc oxide component of T-N pattern Surge Protector is at 600-700 volt/milliampere.Such parameter addressing can guarantee the security requirement of zinc oxide component power frequency continued flow, opens thereby can remove sky, improves the reliability of protection.
Adopt the beneficial effect of exempting from ground connection three phase mains direct stroke protection device of said structure design: the seven modular power source Surge Protectors that are connected in series two groups of T-T, the connection of T-N pattern make this product have thunder and lightning position and the dual protective effect of lightning voltage; Lightning surge pulse through T-T, T-N protection output is a unidirectional pulse; It basic composition is direct current first-harmonic harmonic composition; Can eliminate the influence of direct current first-harmonic with isolating transformer; Thunderbolt residual voltage through isolating transformer output is merely harmonic components, the specification requirement that the residual voltage amplitude of these harmonic waves and duration meet direct stroke protection; Isolating transformer can also directly cut off the thunder and lightning position influence of input and output phase line end in addition; Electrical network zero line capable of using or casing and the earth zero potential point are formed the consumption path, consume the effect energy of thunder and lightning to system, therefore can adopt protector to exempt to take over control the method use of thunder earth connection; Reach the ground connection cost that reduces lightening protection engineering; Utilize the high impedance of this consumption approach of releasing, reduce the lightning current that flows through T-T, T-N system zinc oxide component, improve the purpose of the reliability of protection.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 power-supply system ground connection lightning protection measures sketch map;
System's connection layout of Fig. 2 conventional power source system earth lightning protection measures;
Fig. 3 thunder and lightning effect energy consumption model sketch map;
Fig. 4 is the basic sketch map of SPD that the T-T pattern connects in the prior art;
Fig. 5 is the basic sketch map of SPD that the T-N pattern connects in the prior art;
Fig. 6 is that the T-T system adds the SPD sketch map that sky is opened in the prior art;
Fig. 7 is that the T-N system adds the SPD sketch map that sky is opened in the prior art;
The basic circuit schematic diagram of the direct stroke three phase electric power protector of the input of Fig. 8 embodiment 1 three-phase, three-phase output;
The basic circuit schematic diagram of the direct stroke protection device of the input of Fig. 9 embodiment 2 three-phases, single-phase output;
Figure 10 handles sketch map at residual voltage amplitude and overvoltage duration.
Embodiment
Do further bright specifically through embodiment and accompanying drawing to technical scheme of the present invention below.
Embodiment 1
Referring to Fig. 8, a kind of ground connection three-phase power supply system direct stroke protection device of exempting from is by zinc oxide component BL
1, BL
2, BL
3, BL
4, BL
5, BL
6, BL
7Constitute, wherein zinc oxide component BL
1, BL
2, BL
3, BL
4Be T-T Mode S PD, BL
4, BL
5, BL
6, BL
7Be T-N Mode S PD; Three phase line ends of the delivery outlet that three input ports of three-phase isolation transformer are connected with T-T, T-N link to each other; Zero line N link to each other with zero line (input and output can require totally zero or totally zero according to actual conditions); The isolated windings of isolating transformer links to each other with earth terminal PE, if selected BL
1, BL
2, BL
3, BL
4, BL
5, BL
6, BL
7Operating voltage be the zinc oxide component of 680V/1 milliampere, then pass through BL1, BL2, BL3, BL
4Suppress clamped thunder and lightning position and can be controlled in the 1500V, the lightning voltage amplitude is through BL
5, BL
6, BL
7Compacting can be controlled in the 1500V, like Figure 10, and this lightning current Figure 10 a; Can be decomposed into the direct current first-harmonic of Figure 10 b and the harmonic components of Figure 10 c; Lightning current i directly is added in the input of isolating transformer, and the direct effect of three-phase isolation transformer can be isolated the direct current first-harmonic composition of lightning voltage pulse, and through isolating transformer output is some harmonic componentss; In the ideal case; The overvoltage amplitude reduces half the, and the overvoltage time decreased is half the, therefore can satisfy the requirement of the fail safe of the electric equipment under the direct stroke situation.In addition; Can be by network system or casing itself and the good consumption approach of releasing of the earth; The energy of the lightning surge pulse that produces on the electrical network can be all consumed with the form of heat energy through this approach of releasing, thereby can guarantee that lightning arrester exempts from the consumption requirement of releasing of thunderbolt energy under the ground connection prerequisite.The present invention is simple in structure, and is easy to use, and security reliability is high, and installation cost is low, is a kind of three-phase direct stroke protection device of electronic and electrical equipment use of the 380V of employing power supply.
Embodiment 2
Referring to Fig. 9, protector circuit of the present invention is by zinc oxide component BL
1, BL
2, BL
3, BL
4, BL
5, BL
6, BL
7Constitute, wherein zinc oxide component BL
1, BL
2, BL
3, BL
4Be T-T Mode S PD, BL
4, BL
5, BL
6, BL
7Be T-N Mode S PD; Three phase line ends of the delivery outlet that connects at T-T, T-N link to each other with the input of single-phase isolating transformer B1, B2, B3 respectively, and another input of isolating transformer B1, B2, B3 and input zero line are connected together altogether, and three of the output compositions of isolating transformer B1, B2, B3 are delivery outlets independently; Generally speaking; The zero line of delivery outlet is connected together altogether, and totally zero links to each other, if selected BL
1, BL
2, BL
3, BL
4, BL
5, BL
6, BL
7Operating voltage be the zinc oxide component of 680V/1MA, then pass through BL1, BL2, BL3, BL
4Suppress clamped thunder and lightning position and can be controlled in the 1500V, the lightning voltage amplitude is through BL
5, BL
6, BL
7Compacting can be controlled in the 1500V, and this lightning voltage directly is added in the input of isolating transformer, and through the buffer action of three-phase isolation transformer, the lightning voltage pulse of output can be satisfied the requirement of the fail safe of the electric equipment under the direct stroke situation.The present invention is simple in structure, and is easy to use, and security reliability is high, can form the occupation mode of online backup, is particularly suitable for the occasion of protecting safety requirements high, like the direct stroke protection of mobile base station system power-supply system.
At last, should be pointed out that above embodiment only is the more representational example of the present invention.Obviously, the invention is not restricted to the foregoing description, many distortion can also be arranged.Every foundation technical spirit of the present invention all should be thought to belong to protection scope of the present invention to any simple modification, equivalent variations that above embodiment did.
Claims (4)
1. exempt from ground connection three-phase power supply system direct stroke protection device for one kind; It is characterized in that: said lightning strike protection device is in series by T-T pattern Surge Protector, T-N pattern Surge Protector and isolating transformer, and said T-T pattern Surge Protector is by zinc oxide component BL
1, BL
2, BL
3, BL
4Constitute, T-N pattern Surge Protector is by zinc oxide component BL
4, BL
5, BL
6, BL
7Constitute, the elementary phase line of isolating transformer and zero line are connected with zero line with the phase line of the output of T-T pattern Surge Protector, T-N pattern Surge Protector respectively, and the secondary of isolating transformer is the output port of lightning strike protection device.
2. the ground connection three-phase power supply system direct stroke protection device of exempting from as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that: described isolating transformer is a three-phase isolation transformer; Three input ports of three-phase isolation transformer and three phase line ends of the delivery outlet of T-T pattern Surge Protector, T-N pattern Surge Protector link to each other; Zero line N links to each other with zero line, and the isolated windings of isolating transformer links to each other with earth terminal PE.
3. the ground connection three-phase power supply system direct stroke protection device of exempting from as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that: described isolating transformer is three single-phase isolating transformer B1, B2, B3; Three phase line ends of the delivery outlet that T-T pattern Surge Protector, T-N pattern Surge Protector connect link to each other with the input of single-phase isolating transformer B1, B2, B3 respectively; Another input of isolating transformer B1, B2, B3 and input zero line are connected together altogether; The output of isolating transformer B1, B2, B3 is formed three independently delivery outlets, and the zero line of delivery outlet is connected together altogether, and totally zero links to each other.
4. the ground connection three-phase power supply system direct stroke protection device of exempting from as claimed in claim 1; The initial operating voltage of direct current that it is characterized in that the zinc oxide component of described T-T pattern Surge Protector lies prostrate/1 milliampere at 800-1000, and the initial operating voltage of direct current of the zinc oxide component of T-N pattern Surge Protector is/1 milliampere of 600-800 volt.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110279826A CN102332714A (en) | 2011-09-20 | 2011-09-20 | Grounding-free direct lightning protector for three-phase power-supply system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110279826A CN102332714A (en) | 2011-09-20 | 2011-09-20 | Grounding-free direct lightning protector for three-phase power-supply system |
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| CN102332714A true CN102332714A (en) | 2012-01-25 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106129987A (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2016-11-16 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | Lightning protection circuit, isolated form lightning-protection distribution box and lightning protection distribution system |
| CN114002548A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-02-01 | 沈阳铁路信号有限责任公司 | Lightning protection monitoring method and system with evaluation function |
-
2011
- 2011-09-20 CN CN201110279826A patent/CN102332714A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106129987A (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2016-11-16 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | Lightning protection circuit, isolated form lightning-protection distribution box and lightning protection distribution system |
| CN114002548A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-02-01 | 沈阳铁路信号有限责任公司 | Lightning protection monitoring method and system with evaluation function |
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Application publication date: 20120125 |