CN102331355A - Cable force monitoring-based health monitoring method for identifying general displacement of damaged cable support - Google Patents
Cable force monitoring-based health monitoring method for identifying general displacement of damaged cable support Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a cable force monitoring-based health monitoring method for identifying a general displacement of a damaged cable support, wherein the method is based on the cable force monitoring. More particularly, the method is utilized to carry out monitoring on cable forces of all support cables and cables that are added artificially. According to the method, on the basis of a design drawing and an as-built drawing of a cable structure and actual measurement data of the cable structure and the like, a mechanical calculation benchmark model of the cable structure is established; a plurality of times of mechanical calculations are carried out on the basis of the mechanical calculation benchmark model and a unit change matrix of a monitored quantity of a cable structure is obtained by the calculation; on the basis of an approximated linear relation between a current value vector of the monitored quantity and an initial vector of the monitored quantity, the unit change matrix of the monitored quantity of the cable structure, and a current state vector of a to-be-obtained assessed object, a general displacement of a support and a damaged cable can be rapidly identified by utilizing suitable algorithms like a multi-object optimization algorithm.
Description
Technical field
Structures such as cable-stayed bridge, suspension bridge, truss-frame structure have a common ground; Be exactly that they have many parts that bear tensile load; Like suspension cable, main push-towing rope, hoist cable, pull bar or the like; The common ground of this class formation is to be support unit with rope, cable or the rod member that only bears tensile load, and the present invention is " Cable Structure " with such structure representation for simplicity.In the military service process of Cable Structure; The supporting system of Cable Structure (refers to all ropeway carrying-ropes, reaches all rod members that only bear tensile load that play supporting role; For simplicity; This patent is called " cable system " with whole support unit unifications of this class formation; But in fact cable system not only refers to support rope, also comprises the rod member that only bears tensile load) can be impaired, the bearing of Cable Structure generalized displacement also possibly occur (for example the bearing generalized displacement refers to that bearing is along the angular displacement around X, Y, Z axle of the displacement of the lines of X, Y, Z axle and bearing simultaneously; Corresponding to the bearing generalized displacement; The bearing generalized coordinate refers to that bearing is about the coordinate of X, Y, Z axle and the bearing angular coordinate about X, Y, Z axle); These safety that change to Cable Structure are a kind of threats; The present invention is based on structural health monitoring technology, discern the damaged cable in the cable system of bearing generalized displacement and Cable Structure based on cable force monitoring, belong to the engineering structure health monitoring field.
Background technology
The bearing generalized displacement is a significant threat to Cable Structure safety; Same; Cable system is the key components of Cable Structure normally; Its inefficacy usually brings the inefficacy of total, and the damaged cable of discerning based on structural health monitoring technology in the cable system of bearing generalized displacement and Cable Structure is a kind of method that has potentiality.When generalized displacement appears in bearing or the health status of cable system when changing, or two kinds of situation when taking place simultaneously; Can cause the variation of the measurable parameter of structure; For example can cause the variation of Suo Li; Can influence the distortion or the strain of Cable Structure; Can influence the shape or the volume coordinate of Cable Structure; Can cause the variation (the for example arbitrarily variation of the angle coordinate of the straight line of any this point of mistake in any section of body structure surface, the perhaps body structure surface variation of the angle coordinate of the normal of any arbitrarily) of angle coordinate of any imaginary line of the every bit of Cable Structure, all these change the health status information that has all comprised cable system; In fact the variation of these measurable parameters comprised cable system health status information, comprised bearing generalized displacement information, that is to say that the measurable parameter that can utilize structure discerns bearing generalized displacement and damaged cable.
In order reliable monitoring and judgement to be arranged to the health status and the bearing generalized displacement of the cable system of Cable Structure; The method of the variation of a measurable parameter of can rational and effective setting up Cable Structure with the relation between the health status of all ropes in bearing generalized displacement and the cable system must be arranged, and the health monitoring systems of setting up based on this method can provide the health evaluating of more believable bearing generalized displacement assessment and cable system.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters:The invention discloses a kind of based on health monitor method cable force monitoring, that can discern bearing generalized displacement and damaged cable rationally and effectively.
Technical scheme:If the quantity sum of the quantity of rope and bearing generalized displacement component does
NFor the purpose of narrating conveniently, the present invention is unified to claim that rope and the bearing generalized displacement assessed are " evaluation object ", gives the evaluation object serial number, and this numbering will be used to generate the vector sum matrix in subsequent step.The present invention is with using variable
iRepresent this numbering,
i=1,2,3 ...,
N, therefore we can say
NIndividual by evaluation object.
If it is total in the cable system
M 1 Root supporting rope, structure rope force data comprises this
M 1 The Suo Li of root supporting rope, obviously
M 1 Less than by the quantity of evaluation object
NOnly pass through
M 1 Individual supporting rope
M 1 Individual rope force data is found the solution unknown
NIndividual state by evaluation object is impossible, and the present invention in monitoring all
M 1 On the basis of root supporting cable force, increase to be no less than (
N-M 1 ) individual other monitored amounts.
Increase be no less than (
N-M 1 ) other individual monitored amounts remain Suo Li, narration as follows:
Structurally artificially increase
M 2 (M 2 Be not less than
N-M 1 )The root rope increases newly
M 2 The rigidity of root rope is compared with the rigidity of any supporting rope of Cable Structure, can be little a lot, for example little 10 times, increase newly
M 2 The Suo Li of root rope should be less, and for example its xsect normal stress should be less than its fatigue limit, and these requirements can guarantee to increase newly
M 2 Fatigue damage can not take place in the root rope, increases newly
M 2 The fully anchoring of the two ends of root rope guarantees can not occur relaxing, and increases newly
M 2 The root rope should obtain sufficient anti-corrosion protection, and assurance increases newly
M 2 Damage and lax can not take place in the root rope, will monitor in the monitoring structural health conditions process that this increases newly
M 2 The Suo Li of root rope.
Comprehensive above-mentioned monitored amount, total is total
M (M=M 1 + M 2 )The root rope
MIndividual monitored amount,
MMust not be less than by the quantity of evaluation object
NBecause
MIndividual monitored amount all is Suo Li, so the present invention is called " based on the health monitor method of cable force monitoring identification damaged cable bearing generalized displacement ".
For simplicity, in the present invention " all monitored parameters of structure " are abbreviated as " monitored amount ".Give
MIndividual monitored amount serial number, this numbering will be used to generate the vector sum matrix in subsequent step.The present invention is with using variable
jRepresent this numbering,
j=1,2,3 ...,
M
The present invention is made up of three parts.Be respectively set up by the method for required knowledge base of evaluation object health monitoring systems and parameter, based on knowledge base (containing parameter) and survey Cable Structure monitored amount by the software and hardware part of evaluation object health status appraisal procedure, health monitoring systems.
First of the present invention: foundation is used for by the method for the knowledge base of evaluation object health monitoring and parameter.Specific as follows: 1. the Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A that sets up Cable Structure
oThe method of (for example finite element benchmark model) is following.
At first on Cable Structure, increase
M 2 (M 2 Be not less than
N-M 1 )The root rope increases newly
M 2 The rigidity of the isostructural any supporting rope of the rigidity of root rope is compared, and is can be little a lot, for example little 10 times, will monitor in the monitoring structural health conditions process that this increases newly
M 2 The Suo Li of root rope.Actual measurement obtains that this increases newly before structural healthy monitoring system is started working
M 2 The Suo Li of root rope.Measure simultaneously and to increase newly
M 2 The geometric parameter of root rope and mechanics parameter measure and increase newly
M 2 Two coordinates that end points is installed on Cable Structure of root rope.Deserving to be called the information of stating is what increase newly
M 2 All information of root rope.
Increase newly
M 2 Behind all ten-fours of root rope, set up A again
oSet up A
oThe time, increase newly according to known
M 2 All information of root rope; Measured data according to the Cable Structure in the Cable Structure completion (comprises measured datas such as Cable Structure shape data, rope force data, draw-bar pull data, Cable Structure bearing generalized coordinate data, Cable Structure modal data; To cable-stayed bridge, suspension bridge and bridge type data of Yan Shiqiao, rope force data, the modal data of bridge, the Non-Destructive Testing data of rope etc. can be expressed the data of the health status of rope) and design drawing, as-constructed drawing, utilize mechanics method (for example finite element method) to set up A
oIf there is not the measured data of the structure in the Cable Structure completion; So just before setting up health monitoring systems, structure is surveyed; The measured data that obtains Cable Structure (comprises measured datas such as Cable Structure shape data, rope force data, draw-bar pull data, Cable Structure bearing generalized coordinate data, Cable Structure modal data; To cable-stayed bridge, suspension bridge and bridge type data of Yan Shiqiao, rope force data, the modal data of bridge, the Non-Destructive Testing data of rope etc. can be expressed the data of the health status of rope); According to design drawing, the as-constructed drawing of these data and Cable Structure, utilize mechanics method (for example finite element method) to set up A
oNo matter which kind of method to obtain A with
o, based on A
oThe Cable Structure computational data that calculates (to cable-stayed bridge, suspension bridge and the modal data of the bridge type data of Yan Shiqiao, rope force data, bridge) must be very near its measured data, and error generally must not be greater than 5%.Can guarantee to utilize A like this
oStrain computational data, Suo Li computational data, Cable Structure shape computational data and generalized displacement computational data, Cable Structure angle-data etc. under the analog case of calculating gained, the measured data when truly taking place near institute's analog case reliably.
Among the present invention with monitored amount initial vector
C o The vector (seeing formula (1)) that the initial value of all monitored amounts of expression Cable Structure is formed.Requirement is obtaining A
oIn time, obtain
C o Because of subject to the foregoing, the monitored amount of calculating gained based on the calculating benchmark model of Cable Structure approaches the measured data of initial monitored amount reliably, in the narration of back, will represent this calculated value and measured value with prosign.
In the formula (1)
C Oj (
j=1,2,3,
., M; M>=N) be in the Cable Structure
jThe original bulk of individual monitored amount, this component according to coding rule corresponding to specific
jIndividual monitored amount.
TThe transposition of expression vector (back together).
Vectorial among the present invention with the current numerical value of monitored amount
CThe vector of forming by the currency of all monitored amounts in the Cable Structure (formula (2) is seen in definition).
In the formula (2)
C j (
j=1,2,3,
., M; M>=N) be in the Cable Structure
jThe currency of individual monitored amount, this component
C j According to coding rule with
C Oj Corresponding to same " monitored amount ".
2. set up the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix
Δ CMethod
Set up the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix
Δ CConcrete grammar following:
Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A in Cable Structure
oThe basis on carry out several times and calculate, equal on the calculation times numerical value
NCalculating hypothesis each time has only one by evaluation object unit damage or unit generalized displacement to be arranged; Concrete; If should be a supporting rope in the cable system by evaluation object; So hypothesis this supporting rope has unit damage (for example getting 5%, 10%, 20% or 30% equivalent damage is unit damage), if this was the generalized displacement component of a direction of a bearing by evaluation object, just supposes that (for example get 1 millimeter, 2 millimeters, 3 millimeters etc. is the unit line displacement to this bearing in this generalized displacement direction generation unit generalized displacement; Get 100,000/radian, 2/100000ths radians, 3/100000ths radians etc. and be the unit angular displacement), use
D Ui Write down this unit damage or unit generalized displacement, wherein
iExpression take place unit damage or unit generalized displacement by the numbering of evaluation object.With " unit damage or unit generalized displacement vector
D u " (shown in (3)) write down all unit damage or unit generalized displacement.Occur in calculating each time unit damage or unit generalized displacement be different from by evaluation object other time occur in calculating unit damage or unit generalized displacement by evaluation object; Calculate the current calculated value all utilize mechanics method (for example finite element method) to calculate all monitored amounts of Cable Structure each time, the current calculated value of the monitored amount of all that calculate is each time formed a monitored amount calculation current vector (when hypothesis the
iWhen individual monitored amount has unit damage or unit generalized displacement, the monitored amount calculation current vector of available formula (4) expression
C t i ); Calculate monitored amount calculation current vector each time and deduct behind the monitored amount initial vector and calculate unit damage or the unit generalized displacement numerical value of being supposed divided by this time again, the gained vector be exactly under this condition (with have unit damage or unit generalized displacement by the mark that is numbered of evaluation object) monitored quantitative changeization vector (when the
iIndividual when unit damage or unit generalized displacement being arranged by evaluation object, use
δ C i Represent monitored quantitative changeization vector; Formula (5) is seen in definition; Formula (5) deducts formula (1) gained for formula (4)), each element representation of monitored quantitative changeization vector is owing to suppose the change amount of that pairing monitored amount of this element that is caused by the unit change of evaluation object that unit damage or unit generalized displacement are arranged when calculating; Have
NIndividual just had by evaluation object
NIndividual monitored quantitative changeization vector is owing to have
MIndividual monitored amount is so each monitored quantitative change vector has
MIndividual element is by this
NIndividual monitored quantitative change vector is formed successively to be had
M * NThe monitored amount unit change matrix of individual element
Δ C,
Δ CDefinition suc as formula shown in (6).
Unit damage or unit generalized displacement vector in the formula (3)
D u Element
D Ui (
i=1,2,3 ....,
N) expression the
iIndividual by the unit damage of evaluation object or unit generalized displacement numerical value, vector
D u In the numerical value of each element can be the same or different.
Element in the formula (4)
C Tj i (
i=1,2,3 ....,
N; j=1,2,3 ....,
M; M>=N) expression is because the
iIndividual when unit damage or unit generalized displacement being arranged by evaluation object, according to coding rule pairing
jThe current calculated amount of individual monitored amount.
(5)
In the formula (6)
Δ C J, i (
i=1,2,3 ....,
N; j=1,2,3 ....,
M; M>=N) expression is only because the
iIndividual by evaluation object have unit damage or unit generalized displacement cause, according to coding rule pairing
jThe variation (algebraic value) of the current numerical value of calculating of individual monitored amount.Monitored quantitative changeization vector
δ C i Be actually matrix
Δ CIn one row.
3. the current numerical value vector of monitored amount
C(calculating or actual measurement) is with monitored amount initial vector
C o , monitored amount unit change matrix
Δ CWith vectorial by the evaluation object current state
dBetween linear approximate relationship, shown in (7) or formula (8).By evaluation object current state vector
dDefinition referring to formula (9).
In the formula (9)
d i (
i=1,2,3 ....,
N) be
iIndividual by the current state of evaluation object, if should be the rope (or pull bar) in the cable system, so by evaluation object
d i Represent its current damage,
d i Being to represent not damaged at 0 o'clock, is to represent that this rope thoroughly lost load-bearing capacity at 100% o'clock, representes to lose the load-bearing capacity of corresponding proportion in the time of between 0 and 100%, if should be a generalized displacement component of a bearing by evaluation object, so
d i Represent its current generalized displacement numerical value.
The linear relationship error vector of available formula (10) definition
eThe error of linear relationship shown in expression (7) or the formula (8).
(10)
In the formula (10)
Abs ()Be the function that takes absolute value, each element of the vector of trying to achieve in the bracket is taken absolute value.
Second portion of the present invention: based on knowledge base (containing parameter) and the actual measurement monitored amount by evaluation object health status appraisal procedure.
Because there are certain error in formula (7) or the represented linear relationship of formula (8), therefore can not be simply according to formula (7) or formula (8) and the current numerical value vector of the monitored amount of actual measurement
CCome directly to find the solution and obtain by evaluation object current state vector
dIf done like this, what obtain is vectorial by the evaluation object current state
dIn element in addition bigger negative value can appear, just possibly obtain negative damage, be exactly this obviously be irrational.Therefore obtain by evaluation object current state vector
dAcceptable separating (promptly have reasonable error, but can confirm the position and the degree of injury thereof of bearing generalized displacement and definite damaged cable more accurately) become a rational solution, available formula (11) is expressed this method.
In the formula (11)
Abs ()Be the function that takes absolute value, vector
gDescription departs from the reasonable deviation of ideal linearity relation (formula (7) or formula (8)), is defined by formula (12).
In the formula (12)
g j (
j=1,2,3 ....,
M) maximum allowable offset of the ideal linearity relation that departs from shown in formula (7) or the formula (8) described.Vector
gCan be according to the error vector of formula (10) definition
eTentative calculation is selected.
At monitored amount initial vector
C o , monitored amount unit change matrix
Δ CWith the current numerical value vector of the monitored amount of actual measurement
CWhen known, can utilize suitable algorithm (for example multi-objective optimization algorithm) to find the solution formula (11), obtain by evaluation object current state vector
dAcceptable separating, thereby confirm the position and the degree of injury of damaged cable.
Third part of the present invention: the software and hardware part of health monitoring systems.
Hardware components comprises monitored amount monitoring system, signal picker and computing machine etc.Require to monitor in real time or quasi real time each monitored amount.
Software should be used following function by tool: the data in real time that software section at first transmits according to monitoring system or quasi real time analyze and obtain the current numerical value vector of the monitored amount of current cable structure
C, the Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A of the Cable Structure of reading pre-stored then
o, monitored amount unit change matrix
Δ CWith monitored amount initial vector
C o , find the solution formula (11) according to suitable algorithm (for example multi-objective optimization algorithm), obtain by evaluation object current state vector
dNoninferior solution, just have reasonable error but can be more exactly from cable system, confirm damaged cable the separating of position and degree of injury thereof, can discern separating of bearing generalized displacement more exactly.
The inventive method specifically comprises:
A. for for the purpose of narration is convenient, the present invention is unified to claim that the supporting rope of being assessed is by evaluation object with bearing generalized displacement component, establishes the quantity of the supporting rope of being assessed and the quantity sum of bearing generalized displacement component and does
N, promptly done by the quantity of evaluation object
NConfirm that by the coding rule of evaluation object with all being numbered by evaluation object in the Cable Structure, this numbering will be used to generate the vector sum matrix in subsequent step by this rule; The present invention uses variable
iRepresent this numbering,
i=1,2,3 ...,
N
B. establish in the cable system total
M 1 Root supporting rope, structure rope force data comprises this
M 1 The Suo Li of root supporting rope, obviously
M 1 Less than by the quantity of evaluation object
NOnly pass through
M 1 Individual supporting rope
M 1 Individual rope force data is found the solution unknown
NIndividual state by evaluation object is impossible, and the present invention in monitoring all
M 1 On the basis of root supporting cable force, structurally artificially increase
M 2 The root rope will monitor in the monitoring structural health conditions process that this increases newly
M 2 The Suo Li of root rope; Comprehensive above-mentioned monitored amount, total is total
MThe root rope
MIndividual Suo Li is monitored, promptly has
MIndividual monitored amount,
M whereinFor
M 1 With
M 2 Sum;
MShould be greater than by the quantity of evaluation object
NIncrease newly
M 2 The rigidity of root rope is compared with the rigidity of any supporting rope of Cable Structure, should be little many; Increase newly
M 2 The Suo Li of root rope should than the Suo Lixiao of any supporting rope of Cable Structure many, even can guarantee what this increased newly like this
M 2 Damage or lax has appearred in the root rope, and is very little to the influence of the stress of other members of Cable Structure, strain, distortion; Increase newly
M 2 Normal stress should be less than its fatigue limit on the xsect of root rope, and these requirements can guarantee to increase newly
M 2 Fatigue damage can not take place in the root rope; Increase newly
M 2 The fully anchoring of the two ends of root rope guarantees can not occur relaxing; Increase newly
M 2 The root rope should obtain sufficient anti-corrosion protection, and assurance increases newly
M 2 Damage and lax can not take place in the root rope; For simplicity, in the present invention " all monitored parameters of structure " are abbreviated as " monitored amount "; Give
MIndividual monitored amount serial number, the present invention is with using variable
jRepresent this numbering,
j=1,2,3 ...,
M, this numbering will be used to generate the vector sum matrix in subsequent step;
C. directly measure all that calculate Cable Structure
MThe initial value of individual monitored amount is formed monitored amount initial vector
C o Obtain monitored amount initial vector in actual measurement
C o The time, actual measurement obtains the initial rope force data of all ropes of Cable Structure, the initial geometric data and the initial Cable Structure bearing generalized coordinate data of structure; The bearing generalized coordinate comprises two kinds of line amount and angle amounts;
D. according to the measured data of design drawing, as-constructed drawing and the Cable Structure of Cable Structure, the Non-Destructive Testing data of rope and the Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A that initial Cable Structure bearing generalized coordinate data are set up Cable Structure
o
E. at Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A
oThe basis on carry out the several times Mechanics Calculation, through calculate obtaining the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix
Δ C
F. in the monitoring structural health conditions process, to what increase newly
M 2 Root Suo Jinhang Non-Destructive Testing therefrom identifies the rope that damage occurs or relax;
G. according to monitored amount coding rule, from monitored amount initial vector
C o The middle element of removing appearance damage that identifies among the step f or the rope correspondence that relaxes;
H. according to monitored amount coding rule, from the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix
Δ CThe middle row of removing appearance damage that identifies among the step f or the rope correspondence that relaxes;
I. actual measurement obtain Cable Structure all specify the current measured value of monitored amount, form the current numerical value vector of monitored amount
C, vectorial from the current numerical value of monitored amount then
CThe middle element of removing appearance damage that identifies among the step f or the rope correspondence that relaxes;
J. define by evaluation object current state vector
d, by evaluation object current state vector
dElement number equal by the quantity of evaluation object, by evaluation object current state vector
dElement and be one-to-one relationship between the evaluation object, by evaluation object current state vector
dElement numerical value represent corresponding by the degree of injury of evaluation object or generalized displacement;
K. vectorial according to the current numerical value of monitored amount
CWith monitored amount initial vector
C o , the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix
Δ CWith to be asked by evaluation object current state vector
dBetween the linear approximate relationship that exists, this linear approximate relationship can be expressed as formula 1, removes in the formula 1
dOther outer amount is known, finds the solution formula 1 and just can calculate by evaluation object current state vector
dBecause by evaluation object current state vector
dElement numerical value represent corresponding by the degree of injury of evaluation object or generalized displacement; So according to being defined the impaired and degree of injury of which rope by evaluation object current state vector; Can confirm the bearing generalized displacement, promptly realize the health status assessment of cable system in assessment and the Cable Structure of bearing generalized displacement;
< img TranNum=" 492 " file=" 902335DEST_PATH_IMAGE007.GIF " he=" 25 " img-content=" drawing " img-format=" jpg " inline=" no " orientation=" portrait " wi=" 108 "/> formula 1
In step e, at Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A
oThe basis on, obtain the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix through the several times Mechanics Calculation
Δ CConcrete grammar be:
E1. at the Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A of Cable Structure
oThe basis on carry out the several times Mechanics Calculation, equal on the calculation times numerical value
NCalculating hypothesis each time has only one by evaluation object unit damage or unit generalized displacement to be arranged; The present invention closes and claims that unit damage or unit generalized displacement are unit change, and is concrete, if should be a supporting rope in the cable system by evaluation object; So just this supporting rope of hypothesis has unit damage; If should be the generalized displacement component of a direction of a bearing by evaluation object, just suppose this bearing in this generalized displacement direction generation unit generalized displacement, use
D Ui Write down this unit damage or unit generalized displacement, wherein
iExpression take place unit damage or unit generalized displacement by the numbering of evaluation object; Occur in calculating each time unit damage or unit generalized displacement be different from by evaluation object other time occur in calculating unit damage or unit generalized displacement by evaluation object; Calculate the current calculated value that all utilizes mechanics method to calculate all monitored amounts of Cable Structure each time; The current calculated value of the monitored amount of all that calculate is each time formed a monitored amount calculation current vector, and the different elements of obvious monitored amount calculation current vector are corresponding to different monitored amounts;
E2. the monitored amount calculation current vector that calculates is each time calculated unit damage or the unit generalized displacement numerical value of being supposed divided by this time after deducting monitored amount initial vector again, obtains a monitored quantitative changeization vector, has
NIndividual just had by evaluation object
NIndividual monitored quantitative changeization vector;
E3. by this
NIndividual monitored quantitative change vector is formed successively to be had
NThe monitored amount unit change of the Cable Structure matrix of row
Δ CThe monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix
Δ CEach row corresponding to a monitored quantitative changeization vector, the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix
Δ CEach row corresponding to same monitored amount in the different amplitude of variation of difference during, because a monitored amount corresponding to a rope, also we can say the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix here by evaluation object generation unit change
Δ CDifferent rows corresponding to the Suo Li of different ropes in the different amplitude of variation of difference during by evaluation object generation unit change.
Beneficial effect:Method disclosed by the invention can identify the health status (position and the degree of injury that comprise all damaged cables) of generalized displacement of Cable Structure bearing and cable system simultaneously, and system and method disclosed by the invention is very useful to the safety of Cable Structure.
Embodiment
To the health monitoring of Cable Structure, the invention discloses a kind of system and method that can monitor in the Cable Structure health status of each root rope and each bearing generalized displacement component in the cable system rationally and effectively simultaneously.The following explanation of embodiments of the invention in fact only is exemplary, and purpose never is to limit application of the present invention or use.
The present invention adopts a kind of algorithm, and this algorithm is used for monitoring the health status of the cable system of Cable Structure.During practical implementation, the following step is a kind of in the various steps that can take.
The first step: for the purpose of narrating conveniently, the present invention is unified to claim that supporting rope and the bearing generalized displacement component assessed are by evaluation object, establishes the quantity of the supporting rope of being assessed and the quantity sum of bearing generalized displacement component and does
N, promptly done by the quantity of evaluation object
NConfirm that by the coding rule of evaluation object with all being numbered by evaluation object in the Cable Structure, this numbering will be used to generate the vector sum matrix in subsequent step by this rule; The present invention uses variable
iRepresent this numbering,
i=1,2,3 ...,
N
If it is total in the cable system
M 1 Root supporting rope, structure rope force data comprises this
M 1 The Suo Li of root supporting rope, obviously
M 1 Less than by the quantity of evaluation object
NOnly pass through
M 1 Individual supporting rope
M 1 Individual rope force data is found the solution unknown
NIndividual state by evaluation object is impossible, and the present invention in monitoring all
M 1 On the basis of root supporting cable force, increase to be no less than (
N-M 1 ) individual other monitored amounts.
Increase be no less than (
N-M 1 ) other individual monitored amounts remain Suo Li, narration as follows:
Structurally artificially increase
M 2 (M 2 Be not less than
N-M 1 )The root rope increases newly
M 2 The rigidity of root rope is compared with the extensional rigidity of any supporting rope of Cable Structure, can be little a lot, for example little 10 times; Increase newly
M 2 The Suo Li of root rope should than the Suo Lixiao of any supporting rope of Cable Structure many, even can guarantee what this increased newly like this
M 2 Damage or lax has appearred in the root rope, and is very little to the influence of the stress of other members of Cable Structure, strain, distortion; Increase newly
M 2 Normal stress should for example have only 1/2nd of fatigue limit less than its fatigue limit on the xsect of root rope, and these requirements can guarantee to increase newly
M 2 Fatigue damage can not take place in the root rope; Increase newly
M 2 The fully anchoring of the two ends of root rope guarantees can not occur relaxing; Increase newly
M 2 The root rope should obtain sufficient anti-corrosion protection, and assurance increases newly
M 2 Damage and lax can not take place in the root rope; Can also adopt the modes that increase rope to guarantee the reliability of health monitoring more, for example make
M 2 Be not less than
N-M 1 2 times, the rope force data of in the monitoring structural health conditions process, only selecting intact rope wherein (is called actual operable monitored amount, writes down its quantity and do
K,
KMust not less than
N) and the corresponding monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix
Δ CCarry out the health status assessment, because
M 2 Be not less than
N-M 1 2 times, can guarantee actual operable; To monitor in the monitoring structural health conditions process that this increases newly
M 2 The Suo Li of root rope.Increase newly
M 2 The position that the root rope should be installed structurally, personnel are easy to arrive is convenient to personnel it is carried out Non-Destructive Testing.
Comprehensive above-mentioned monitored amount, total is total
M (M=M 1 + M 2 )The root rope
MIndividual monitored amount,
MMust not be less than by the quantity of evaluation object
NBecause
MIndividual monitored amount all is Suo Li, so the present invention is called " based on the health monitor method of cable force monitoring identification damaged cable bearing generalized displacement ".Give
MIndividual monitored amount serial number, the present invention is with using variable
jRepresent this numbering,
j=1,2,3 ...,
M, this numbering will be used to generate the vector sum matrix in subsequent step.
For simplicity, in the present invention " all monitored parameters of structure " are abbreviated as " monitored amount ".
Second step: directly measure the initial value of all monitored amounts that calculate Cable Structure, form monitored amount initial vector
C o Obtain monitored amount initial vector in actual measurement
C o The time, actual measurement obtains the initial rope force data of all ropes of Cable Structure, the initial geometric data (is exactly its initial bridge type data for cable-stayed bridge) and the initial Cable Structure bearing generalized coordinate data of structure.
The 3rd step: according to the measured data of design drawing, as-constructed drawing and the Cable Structure of Cable Structure (data such as initial Suo Li, structural modal data that comprise structure original geometric form data, strain data, all ropes, to cable-stayed bridge, suspension bridge and the modal data of the bridge type data of Yan Shiqiao, strain data, rope force data, bridge), the Non-Destructive Testing data of rope and the Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A that initial Cable Structure bearing generalized coordinate data are set up Cable Structure
o, based on Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A
oThe computational data that calculates structure must be very near its measured data, and error generally must not be greater than 5%.
The 4th step: at Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A
oThe basis on carry out the several times Mechanics Calculation, through calculate obtaining the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix
Δ CConcrete grammar is: at the Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A of Cable Structure
oThe basis on carry out the several times Mechanics Calculation, equal on the calculation times numerical value
NCalculating hypothesis each time has only one by evaluation object unit damage or unit generalized displacement to be arranged; Concrete, if should be a supporting rope in the cable system by evaluation object, so just this supporting rope of hypothesis has unit damage; If should be the generalized displacement component of a direction of a bearing by evaluation object; Just suppose that (if should be the translational component of the x direction of a bearing by evaluation object for example, just suppose that this bearing has the unit line displacement in the x direction, be the angular displacement component around the x axle of a bearing if be somebody's turn to do by evaluation object to this bearing in this generalized displacement direction generation unit generalized displacement; Just suppose that this bearing has the unit angular displacement around the x axle), use
D Ui Write down this unit damage or unit generalized displacement, wherein
iExpression take place unit damage or unit generalized displacement by the numbering of evaluation object; Occur in calculating each time unit damage or unit generalized displacement be different from by evaluation object other time occur in calculating unit damage or unit generalized displacement by evaluation object; Calculate the current calculated value that all utilizes mechanics method to calculate all monitored amounts of Cable Structure each time, the current calculated value of the monitored amount of all that calculate is each time formed a monitored amount calculation current vector; The monitored amount calculation current vector that calculates is each time calculated unit damage or the unit generalized displacement numerical value of being supposed divided by this time after deducting monitored amount initial vector again, obtains a monitored quantitative changeization vector, has
NIndividual just had by evaluation object
NIndividual monitored quantitative changeization vector; By this
NIndividual monitored quantitative change vector is formed successively to be had
NThe monitored amount unit change of the Cable Structure matrix of row
Δ CThe monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix
Δ CEach row corresponding to a monitored quantitative changeization vector.
The 5th step: set up the linear relationship error vector
eAnd vector
gUtilize data (the monitored amount initial vector of front
C o , monitored amount unit change matrix
Δ C), when the 4th step calculated each time, promptly in calculating each time unit change appears
D Ui (unit change refers to unit damage or the unit generalized displacement in the 4th step) be different from by evaluation object other time occur in calculating unit change by evaluation object; Calculate the current calculated value that all utilizes mechanics method to calculate all monitored amounts of Cable Structure each time; When the current calculated value of the monitored amount of all that calculate is each time formed a monitored amount calculation current vector, calculate each time and form one by the evaluation object state vector
d, this is by the evaluation object state vector
dAll elements in have only the numerical value of an element to get the unit change that this calculates appointment
D Ui , the numerical value of other element gets 0, by the evaluation object state vector
dMiddle numerical value is
D Ui Element when calculating corresponding to this time unique generation unit change by the unit change degree of evaluation object (
D Ui ); Will
C, C o ,
Δ C,
dBring formula (10) into, obtain a linear relationship error vector
e, calculate a linear relationship error vector each time
eHave
NIndividual just had by evaluation object
NInferior calculating just has
NIndividual linear relationship error vector
e, with this
NIndividual linear relationship error vector
eObtain a vector after the addition, with this vector each element divided by
NAfter the new vector that obtains be exactly final linear relationship error vector
eVector
gEqual final error vector
e
The 6th step: the hardware components of pass line structural healthy monitoring system.Hardware components comprises at least: monitored amount monitoring system (for example containing cable force measurement system, signal conditioner etc.), signal (data) collector, the computing machine and the panalarm of communicating by letter.Each monitored amount all must arrive by monitored system monitoring, and monitoring system is transferred to signal (data) collector with the signal that monitors; Signal is delivered to computing machine through signal picker; Computing machine then is responsible for the health monitoring software of operation Cable Structure, comprises the signal that the transmission of tracer signal collector comes; Damage or bearing are arranged when generalized displacement is arranged when monitoring rope, when perhaps two kinds of situation take place simultaneously, the computer control communication panalarm to monitor staff, owner and (or) personnel of appointment report to the police.
The 7th step: with monitored amount initial vector
C o , monitored amount unit change matrix
Δ CMode with data file is kept on the hard disc of computer of operation health monitoring systems software.
The 8th step: establishment and installation and operation is based on the identification damaged cable of cable force monitoring and the health monitoring systems software of bearing generalized displacement on computers, this software will be accomplished functions such as monitoring that the present invention's required by task of " discerning the health monitor method of damaged cable bearing generalized displacement based on cable force monitoring " wants, record, control, storage, calculating, notice, warning (be in this practical implementation method all can with the work of computing machine completion).
The 9th step: to what increase newly
M 2 Root Suo Jinhang Non-Destructive Testing, for example UT (Ultrasonic Testing), visual examination, infrared imaging inspection therefrom identify the rope that damage occurs or relax.
The tenth step: according to monitored amount coding rule, from monitored amount initial vector
C o The middle element of removing appearance damage that identifies in the 9th step or the rope correspondence that relaxes; According to monitored amount coding rule, from the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix
Δ CThe middle row of removing appearance damage that identifies in the 9th step or the rope correspondence that relaxes; Actual measurement obtain Cable Structure all specify the current measured value of monitored amount, form the current numerical value vector of monitored amount
C, vectorial from the current numerical value of monitored amount then
CThe middle element of removing appearance damage that identifies in the 9th step or the rope correspondence that relaxes; According to monitored amount coding rule, from vector
gThe middle element of removing appearance damage that identifies in the 9th step or the rope correspondence that relaxes.
The 11 step: according to the current numerical value vector of monitored amount
CWith monitored amount initial vector
C o , monitored amount unit change matrix
Δ CWith vectorial by the evaluation object current state
dThe linear approximate relationship (formula (7)) that exists between (being made up of by the current state of health data of evaluation object all) calculates by evaluation object current state vector according to multi-objective optimization algorithm
dNoninferior solution, just have reasonable error but can assess all separating more exactly by the health status of evaluation object.
The multi-objective optimization algorithm that can adopt has a variety of, for example: based on the multiple-objection optimization of genetic algorithm, based on the multiple-objection optimization of artificial neural network, based on the multi-objective optimization algorithm of population, multiple-objection optimization, leash law (Constrain Method), weighted method (Weighted Sum Method), goal programming method (Goal Attainment Method) or the like based on ant group algorithm.Because various multi-objective optimization algorithms all are conventional algorithms, can realize easily that this implementation step is that example provides and finds the solution by evaluation object current state vector with the goal programming method only
dProcess, the concrete implementation procedure of other algorithm can realize according to the requirement of its specific algorithm in a similar fashion.
According to the goal programming method, formula (7) can transform the multi-objective optimization question shown in an accepted way of doing sth (13) and the formula (14), in the formula (13)<i TranNum=" 720 ">γ</i>Be a real number,<i TranNum=" 721 ">R</i>Be real number field, area of space Ω has limited vector<i TranNum=" 722 ">d</i>Span (the present embodiment requirements vector of each element<i TranNum=" 723 ">d</i>Each element be not less than 0, be not more than 1; Each element corresponding to the bearing generalized displacement is selected according to the bearing restriction range.The meaning of formula (13) is to seek the real number of a minimum<i TranNum=" 724 ">γ</i>, make formula (14) be met.In the formula (14)<i TranNum=" 725 ">G (d)</i>By formula (15) definition, weighing vector in the formula (14)<i TranNum=" 726 ">W</i>With<i TranNum=" 727 ">γ</i>Product representation formula (14) in<i TranNum=" 728 ">G (d)</i>With vector<i TranNum=" 729 ">g</i>Between the deviation that allows,<i TranNum=" 730 ">g</i>Definition referring to formula (12), its value the 7th the step calculate.Vector during actual computation<i TranNum=" 731 ">W</i>Can with vector<i TranNum=" 732 ">g</i>Identical.The concrete programming of goal programming method realizes having had universal program directly to adopt.Use the goal programming method just can be in the hope of by vectorial < i TranNum=" the 733 ">d of evaluation object current state.</i>
(13)
By evaluation object current state vector
dElement number equal by the quantity of evaluation object, by evaluation object current state vector
dElement and be one-to-one relationship between the evaluation object; If by evaluation object current state vector
dCorresponding this of element be the supporting rope by evaluation object, so should be by evaluation object current state vector
dElement numerical value represent degree of injury or the health status of corresponding rope if the numerical value of this element that solves is 0; Represent that the pairing rope of this element is intact; Do not damage,, represent that then the pairing rope of this element has completely lost load-bearing capacity if its numerical value is 100%; If its numerical value between 0 and 100%, is then represented this rope and has been lost the load-bearing capacity of corresponding proportion; If by evaluation object current state vector
dCorresponding this of element be a bearing generalized displacement component by evaluation object, so should be by evaluation object current state vector
dElement numerical value represent the numerical value of corresponding bearing generalized displacement component.
The 12 step: the computing machine in the health monitoring systems regularly generates cable system health condition form automatically or by the personnel operation health monitoring systems.
The 13 step: under specified requirements, the automatic operation communication panalarm of the computing machine in the health monitoring systems to monitor staff, owner and (or) personnel of appointment report to the police.
Claims (2)
1. health monitor method based on the generalized displacement of cable force monitoring identification damaged cable bearing is characterized in that said method comprises:
A. for for the purpose of narration is convenient, unifiedly claim that the supporting rope of being assessed is that establishing the quantity of the supporting rope of being assessed and the quantity sum of bearing generalized displacement component is N, is N by the quantity of evaluation object promptly by evaluation object with bearing generalized displacement component; Confirm that by the coding rule of evaluation object with all being numbered by evaluation object in the Cable Structure, this numbering will be used to generate the vector sum matrix in subsequent step by this rule; Represent this numbering with variable i, i=1,2,3 ..., N;
B. establish total M in the cable system
1Root supporting rope, structure rope force data comprises this M
1The Suo Li of root supporting rope, obviously M
1Less than by the quantity N of evaluation object; Only pass through M
1The M of individual supporting rope
1It is impossible by the state of evaluation object that individual rope force data is found the solution unknown N, at the whole M of monitoring
1On the basis of root supporting cable force, structurally artificially increase M
2The root rope will be monitored the M that this increases newly in the monitoring structural health conditions process
2The Suo Li of root rope; Comprehensive above-mentioned monitored amount, M Suo Li of the total M root rope of total is monitored, and M monitored amount promptly arranged, and wherein M is M
1With M
2Sum; M must not be less than by the quantity N of evaluation object; The M that increases newly
2The rigidity of root rope is compared with the rigidity of any supporting rope of Cable Structure, should be little many; The M that increases newly
2The Suo Li of root rope should than the Suo Lixiao of any supporting rope of Cable Structure many, even can guarantee the M that this increases newly like this
2Damage or lax has appearred in the root rope, and is very little to the influence of the stress of other members of Cable Structure, strain, distortion; The M that increases newly
2Normal stress should be less than its fatigue limit on the xsect of root rope, and these requirements can guarantee the M that increases newly
2Fatigue damage can not take place in the root rope; The M that increases newly
2The fully anchoring of the two ends of root rope guarantees can not occur relaxing; The M that increases newly
2The root rope should obtain sufficient anti-corrosion protection, guarantees the M that increases newly
2Damage and lax can not take place in the root rope; For simplicity, in the method " all monitored parameters of structure " are abbreviated as " monitored amount "; Give M monitored amount serial number, represent this numbering with variable j, j=1,2,3 ..., M, this numbering will be used to generate the vector sum matrix in subsequent step;
C. directly measure the initial value of all M monitored amounts that calculate Cable Structure, form monitored amount initial vector C
oObtain monitored amount initial vector C in actual measurement
oThe time, actual measurement obtains the initial rope force data of all ropes of Cable Structure, the initial geometric data and the initial Cable Structure bearing generalized coordinate data of structure; The bearing generalized coordinate comprises two kinds of line amount and angle amounts;
D. according to the measured data of design drawing, as-constructed drawing and the Cable Structure of Cable Structure, the Non-Destructive Testing data of rope and the Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A that initial Cable Structure bearing generalized coordinate data are set up Cable Structure
o
E. at Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A
oThe basis on carry out the several times Mechanics Calculation, through calculate obtaining the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix Δ C;
F. in the monitoring structural health conditions process, to the M that increases newly
2Root Suo Jinhang Non-Destructive Testing therefrom identifies the rope that damage occurs or relax;
G. according to monitored amount coding rule, from monitored amount initial vector C
oThe middle element of removing appearance damage that identifies among the step f or the rope correspondence that relaxes;
H. according to monitored amount coding rule, from the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix Δ C, remove appearance damage that identifies among the step f or the corresponding row of rope that relaxes;
I. actual measurement obtain Cable Structure all specify the current measured value of monitored amount, form the current numerical value vector C of monitored amount, from the current numerical value vector C of monitored amount, remove the appearance damage that identifies among the step f or the lax corresponding element of rope then;
J. define evaluation object current state vector d; The element number of evaluation object current state vector d equals the quantity of evaluation object; Between the element of evaluation object current state vector d and the evaluation object is one-to-one relationship, and the element numerical value of evaluation object current state vector d is represented the degree of injury or the generalized displacement of corresponding evaluation object;
K. the current numerical value vector C of the monitored amount of foundation is with monitored amount initial vector C
o, the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix Δ C and to be asked by the linear approximate relationship that exists between evaluation object current state vector d; This linear approximate relationship can be expressed as formula 1; Other amount in the formula 1 except that d is known, finds the solution formula 1 and just can calculate by evaluation object current state vector d; Owing to represented corresponding by the degree of injury of evaluation object or generalized displacement by the element numerical value of evaluation object current state vector d; So according to being defined the impaired and degree of injury of which rope by evaluation object current state vector; Can confirm the bearing generalized displacement, promptly realize the health status assessment of cable system in assessment and the Cable Structure of bearing generalized displacement;
C=C
o+ Δ Cd formula 1
2. the health monitor method based on the generalized displacement of cable force monitoring identification damaged cable bearing according to claim 1 is characterized in that in step e, at Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A
oThe basis on, the concrete grammar that obtains the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix Δ C through the several times Mechanics Calculation is:
E1. at the Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A of Cable Structure
oThe basis on carry out the several times Mechanics Calculation, equal N on the calculation times numerical value; Calculating hypothesis each time has only one by evaluation object unit damage or unit generalized displacement to be arranged; The present invention closes and claims that unit damage or unit generalized displacement are unit change, and is concrete, if should be a supporting rope in the cable system by evaluation object; So just this supporting rope of hypothesis has unit damage; If should be by evaluation object be the generalized displacement component of a direction of a bearing, just suppose that this bearing in this generalized displacement direction generation unit generalized displacement, uses D
UiWrite down this unit damage or unit generalized displacement, wherein i represent to take place unit damage or unit generalized displacement by the numbering of evaluation object; Occur in calculating each time unit damage or unit generalized displacement be different from by evaluation object other time occur in calculating unit damage or unit generalized displacement by evaluation object; Calculate the current calculated value that all utilizes mechanics method to calculate all monitored amounts of Cable Structure each time; The current calculated value of the monitored amount of all that calculate is each time formed a monitored amount calculation current vector, and the different elements of obvious monitored amount calculation current vector are corresponding to different monitored amounts;
E2. the monitored amount calculation current vector that calculates is each time calculated unit damage or the unit generalized displacement numerical value of being supposed divided by this time after deducting monitored amount initial vector again; Obtain a monitored quantitative changeization vector, have N evaluation object that N monitored quantitative changeization vector just arranged;
E3. form the monitored amount unit change of the Cable Structure matrix Δ C that the N row are arranged successively by this N monitored quantitative change vector; Each row of the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix Δ C are corresponding to a monitored quantitative changeization vector; Each row of the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix Δ C corresponding to same monitored amount in the different amplitude of variation of difference during by evaluation object generation unit change; Because a monitored amount is corresponding to a rope, different rows that also we can say the monitored amount unit change of Cable Structure matrix Δ C here corresponding to the Suo Li of different ropes in the different amplitude of variation of difference during by evaluation object generation unit change.
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| CN102706588A (en) * | 2012-05-29 | 2012-10-03 | 东南大学 | Damaged cable identification method on basis of angle monitoring during support settlement and temperature variation |
| CN102721557A (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2012-10-10 | 东南大学 | Damaged line and support angle displacement identification method based on temperature change and line force monitoring |
| CN102735461A (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2012-10-17 | 东南大学 | Identification method for problem cables and angular support displacement on basis of temperature variation and cable force monitoring |
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