CN102326309A - Electrical protection device and control method of the electrical protection device - Google Patents

Electrical protection device and control method of the electrical protection device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102326309A
CN102326309A CN2010800081634A CN201080008163A CN102326309A CN 102326309 A CN102326309 A CN 102326309A CN 2010800081634 A CN2010800081634 A CN 2010800081634A CN 201080008163 A CN201080008163 A CN 201080008163A CN 102326309 A CN102326309 A CN 102326309A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
protection component
protective device
current
comb
electrical protective
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Granted
Application number
CN2010800081634A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN102326309B (en
Inventor
T.罗特迈尔
H.施韦格特
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/26Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/08Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
    • H02H3/087Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current for dc applications
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/02Details
    • H02H3/025Disconnection after limiting, e.g. when limiting is not sufficient or for facilitating disconnection

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  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrical protection device (SCH) for arrangement between at least one load (V1, V2) and a power supply, wherein said protection device (SCH) comprises a current limiting function and a switch-off function. The protection device (SCH) is composed of several current-limiting or switching-off protection elements (E1... En), the outputs of which are connected in parallel. The invention further relates to a control method of the electrical protection device (SCH).

Description

The control method of electrical protective device and electrical protective device
Technical field
The present invention relates to be used to be arranged in the electrical protective device between at least one load and the power supply, wherein said protective device has current-limiting function and cut-out function.In addition, the present invention relates to the control method of electrical protective device.
Background technology
The place that the disturbed condition of electrical protective device in electric equipment possibly cause endangering people and/or machine is applied everywhere.Especially under the situation of giving a load or a plurality of electric by power supply, need electrical protective device.Said electrical protective device is disposed between power supply and one or more load, so that it is low through the electric current of one or more load and when continuing to disturb, open circuit to descend in situation about disturbing.
Particularly under the situation of the power supply that is used to a plurality of load branch feedings meaningfully, utilize electrical protective device to ensure each load branch.If in load branch, occur disturbing, then this load branch is opened circuit by current limliting or quilt, and does not endanger the power supply to all the other load branches.Under the situation that does not have this protection precautionary measures, out of order load branch bears a heavy burden power supply with the mode that surpasses the load current that is provided with.So power supply, especially Switching Power Supply (Schaltnetzteil) are in case of necessity even change current-limit mode over to and when continue disturbing, open circuit.So all load branch no currents.When respectively by the load of mechanical line protection switch guarantee at the power output end place of serial connection, this takes place equally, because this line protection switch needs tangible overcurrent be used for triggering.Power supply often can not provide this overcurrent again except supplying power for remaining load.
This application of electrical protective device as described in the preamble causes, and must exist to have the different said electrical protective devices that is given as the current limit value that triggers the limit in advance.Especially rule is under the situation of industrial equipment, is a plurality of load branch feedings of different capacity by means of power supply.Therefore each load branch comprises the electrical protective device with different respectively current limit values.Under the situation of industrial equipment, also take place, only have a load branch, it is because the working condition that changes comprises many a little while and the load of few (einmal mehr und einmal weniger) for a moment.Also must use electrical protective device in this case with different current limit values.
Know the electrical protective device of the power supply that for example is used to have a plurality of load branch from WO 01/41277 A2 and EP 0933849 Al.At this, the analysis or the adjusting electronic installation that will have semiconductor switch, current measurement device and the operational amplifier form of adjustment possibility for each load branch insert in the connection line between power supply and load.The efficient of corresponding semiconductor switch is designed according to defined nominal current.When connecting less load, trigger the limit and be adjusted to the value littler than said nominal current.Often cause unwelcome situation thus, promptly the efficient of corresponding semiconductor switch and respective drive circuit is not fully utilized.Thereby this solution causes having the electrical protective device over dimensioning that poor cost uses relation usually.
Therefore, also know the electrical protective device that is provided with for each load branch according to prior art.At this,, the product line with meticulous nominal current classification prevents over dimensioning through being provided.Thereby in each load branch, insert corresponding electrical protective device with required nominal current.It here is disadvantageous that needed high storehouse management expends.
Another known electric ensuring equipment (Absicherung) regulation is arranged buck converter in each load branch, it is in normal connection in service and only timing in current-limit mode (takten) under disturbed condition.AT 504 528 A have described this solution.
Summary of the invention
The present invention based on task be to be the electrical protective device explanation that starts said type improvement with respect to prior art.
According to the present invention, said task is through independent claims 1 and 9 and solve through the favourable expansion scheme according to dependent claims.
At this, said protective device is made up of a plurality of current limlitings or the protection component that opens circuit, the output parallel connection of wherein said protection component.A kind of simple measures of utilizing respectively needed current limit value to ensure perhaps a plurality of load branch of a load branch is described by this way.Corresponding current limit value is drawn by the part current limit value sum at the parallelly connected protection component of output end at this.
Protective device according to the present invention for example comprises the protection component of optional quantity at this, its with mode cause for the needed guarantee of the load that is connected protection (Absicherungsschutz), and be not overdimensioned at this.Can protective device be divided into a plurality of protective device pieces in addition, so that the escape way of realizing the concurrent working of a plurality of separation for different load or load branch in this way.At this, for different load, many differently protection components interconnect at output end.Respectively interconnective protection component constitutes piece, said needed guarantee protection that has for the load that is connected respectively.
Control corresponding method regulation, during the given in advance part current limit value that distributes reaching, the electric current of this protection component of protection component restricted passage surpasses given in advance maximum and protection component until the critical parameters of protection component and opens circuit.Therefore, in service normally, such was the case with divides the load current through the protection component of parallel connection, makes greater than do not flow through in the protection component any one of the electric current of part current limit value.When reaching the part current limit value of protection component, reduce electric current through this protection component.Through raising with identical degree with the electric current of all the other protection components of this protection component parallel connection.The tolerance of each protection component of balance in this way.
Favourable expansion scheme regulation of the present invention, each protection component has fixing part current limit value, thereby makes protection component be able to construct simply and be cheap at manufacture view.
At this,, then be favourable if the current limit value of protective device or protective device piece is constituted as the identical big part current limit value sum of parallelly connected protection component.Therefore form by the protection component of same configuration and have alternatively by the different protective devices of the current limit value of classification or protective device piece.A utilization only protection component embodiment can ensure the load branch with maximum different capacity, and the over dimensioning of protective device do not occur.
Simple embodiment is implemented by this way, makes the protection component of protective device connect by connecting comb (Verbindungskamm) at output end.Thereby the wiring of the costliness of cancellation in distribution box.
Advantageously, connect the output welding of comb and protection component, make to contact with foreseeable (berechenbar) reliably between each output that is provided at protection component.
In addition, if but the connection comb between protection component has the burble point of at least one manual separation, especially specified breakaway poing respectively, and then be favourable.But protective device is at this protection component that comprises preselected number, and it is connected at output end.In installation process, connect or a plurality of connections through of interrupting between two protection components of difference, protective device is divided into a plurality of protective device pieces as required.At this, each in the protective device piece that is produced includes a plurality of protection components, and it is for ensureing that the load branch that is connected is needs.
In useful flexible program, the connection comb between protection component has bulkily the separation member that (sperrig) forms respectively, and said separation member can manually be separated from connecting comb.For separating comb, separation member is removed (herausl sen), and wherein huge shape causes separation member by mistake not fall into contiguous device housings through ventilation hole.
Useful in addition is, under burble point or separation member, mark is set, and wherein becomes visible through mark after separation process, and this mark shows that comb separates.
Another embodiment regulation, protective device is loaded in the power supply.Additionally simplify the especially installation in distribution box thus.
In expansion scheme of the present invention, each protection component includes driver element and the current limiting element with variable loop resistance.At this, confirm loop resistance (Druchgangswiderstand) according to the electric current of the current limiting element of flowing through by driver element.Being controlled in is for example to carry out with following form, and the conduction pathway (Durchleitkanal) that promptly reaches the protection component of part current limit value becomes (hochohmiger) of slight higher ohmic properties.At this, adjustable type (abregelnd) protection component is only constructed so much more (soviel mehr) resistance, makes the tolerance of protection component be able to compensation.
In the improvement project of control method, stipulate; Detect voltage and when reaching given in advance voltage drop value at each output of protection component; For given in advance binding hours at interval; The electric current of relevant this protection component of protection component restricted passage, and protection component opens circuit after this binding hours expires at interval.Therefore, only after the voltage of the output of all parallelly connected protection components clearly descends, just start timing element, make the slight interference of load current or uneven distribution not cause opening circuit.
At this, in addition advantageously, in case expire at interval given in advance breaking time and/or the critical parameters of corresponding protection component fall under the given in advance connection value, then after opening circuit, all protection components are reset.For example all timing elements are resetted, the on off state that makes all protection components not rely on moment is taked identical output state once more.Thus, protection component output wiring and be activated once more each other arbitrarily through resetting jointly.
Valuably, the chip temperature of corresponding protection component is to be detected as critical parameters.Guarantee to have only when heat load becomes too big owing to adjustment process by this way, protective device or relevant protective device piece just open circuit.
Next exemplarily set forth the present invention with reference to accompanying drawing.Mode with sketch map:
Fig. 1 illustrates the circuit structure of the protective device that has two load branches,
Fig. 2 illustrates the connection comb that has burble point.
Embodiment
Having the protective device SCH of a plurality of protection component E1...En shown in Fig. 1.At this, junior three protection component El, E2, E3 are unified into the first protective device piece Bll and remaining protection component E4...En is unified into the second protective device piece Bl2.The feed voltage U that first load or the V1 of load branch are connected to power supply via the first protective device piece Bll goes up and second load or the V2 of load branch are connected on the feed voltage U of power supply via the second protective device piece B12.
Each protection component El... En includes current limiting element Tl... Tn and current detecting unit I1... In.Corresponding current limiting element Tl... Tn for example is constituted as transistor and corresponding current detecting unit I1... In is constituted as current converter.By corresponding driving unit Al... An, according to the pass through electric current of the Current Control that detects respectively through current limiting element Tl... Tn.For each driver element Al... An gives the certain portions current limit value in advance.The protection component El that is connected at output end respectively, E2, the part current limit value of E3 or E4...En with mode draw the current limit value of relevant block Bl1 or Bl2.Driver element Al... An perhaps is configured or is constituted as microcontroller with simulated mode.
From the fire prevention reason, before each current limiting element Tl... Tn, connect another safeties Sl... Sn.At this or fuse or line protection switch.
The operation principle of protective device SCH is set forth according to the first protective device piece Bl1.Load or the V1 of load branch are connected on the lead-out terminal Kl1 of piece Bl1.If the connection of output end realizes by connecting comb Ka, two other lead-out terminal Kl2 then, Kl3 keeps the free time.At this, first connects comb section Ka1 connects the output of first Bl1 and the output that the second connection comb section Ka2 connects second Bl2.To this alternately, the connection of output end can be via corresponding terminal Kll, Kl2, and Kl3 or Kl4...Kln are undertaken by the line bridge.
Under by the situation that connects comb Ka connection, each lead-out terminal Kll... Kln must be designed to the current limit value of maximum possible.In service normally, the load current of being drawn by load or the Vl of load branch will not reach the current limit value of piece Bl1.So load current is divided into three protection component El according to loop resistance, E2, E3 is last.Tolerance possibly cause protection component El or E2 or E3 to reach its part current limit value at this.The electric current of said protection component E1 or E2 or E3 so relevant driver element Al or A2 or A3 readjustment are flowed through makes correspondingly more multiple current other two protection component E1 that flow through, E2 or E2, E3 or E1, E3.For to each protection component E1, E2 utilizes current limiting element T1 under the situation that this different power of E3 is divided, T2, and the operational maximal efficiency of T3, corresponding current limiting element T1, T2, the chip temperature of T3 is considered.If reach the maximum chip temperature of protection component E1 or E2 or E3, then said protection component opens circuit.Therefore parallelly connected protection component E1, E2 or E2, E3 or E1, E3 must bear overload.When surpassing the chip temperature of maximum permission, these protection components also open circuit.
As the replacement scheme that chip temperature detects, only the duration for the given in advance time interval allows overload.At this,, after clearly descending, E2, the voltage of the output of E3 just can start timing element only at the protected location E1 of parallel connection.Can carry out sequential sampling to each protection component output voltage by higher level's control unit in this case, because which protected location E1...En parallel connection this control unit does not know.Infer current limiting element T1 from output voltage, T2, the heat load of T3.
Have only after this, after effective binding hours of confirming (in this effective binding hours time, load voltage is lowered effectively) expires; Relevant piece Bl1 is just opened circuit, and its mode is for example by higher level's control unit break signal to be sent to driver element A1; A2, A3.When ensuing connection process, considered is used for the cooling time of limiting part temperature.At this, for example all timing elements are resetted by resetting of manual triggers.Resetting, it is so long-time to be under an embargo, until or the given in advance turn-off time expires or critical parameters drop under the given in advance connection value.
Another embodiment regulation is surveyed in corresponding current limiting element T1, T2, the voltage drop at T3 place.
When given time interval of confirming that is used for current limliting in advance, additionally can the testing environment temperature.The load duration that under lower ambient temperature, allows prolongs.And when detecting the relevant chip temperature, considered ambient temperature together.
For in being connected of the output safety of protection component E1...En, be provided with that to connect comb Ka be significant with foreseeable.This connection comb is being connected with the output conduction of protection component (E1...En) shown in Fig. 2 and by means of corresponding joint.Valuably, this realizes through corresponding weld tabs is welded among the printed circuit board LP.Each weld tabs all is connected with the protection component output at this.Utilize this connection comb Ka, between each protection component E1...En, have corresponding big circuit cross section, make that a large amount of protection component El... En can parallel connection.In addition, install and to expend remarkable reduction, but especially as the burble point Br that manual separation is set between protection component El... En, when preferably being constituted as specified breakaway poing.According to load that will connect or the V1 of load branch, V2 interrupts connecting comb Ka at this burble point Br place, makes that connecting comb Ka is divided into a plurality of connection comb section Ka1, Ka2.
In addition, connect comb Ka and for example have separation member TS, said separation member allows in the scope of burble point Br, to introduce torque.Through repeatedly reversing relevant separation member TS, flow harden takes place in the scope of this burble point Br and occur in the desired fracture of separation member TS both sides subsequently.Also can separation member TS only be embodied as resectable part.Should be noted that in each case separation member TS has corresponding size, so that it does not by mistake fall through the ventilation hole of device housings.This for example can realize in the following manner that promptly separation member TS compares or be constituted as the perhaps part of bigger bending of bigger smooth part with other circuit cross section.In addition, connect comb Ka and can be coated with color marker.Said being marked at when splitting out separation member TS is released, so that clearly show, which protection component E1...En interconnects or is separated from each other.
In this embodiment, can guarantee to have only when protective device does not have voltage, connect comb and be only addressable.Cover plate for example is set for this reason, and it only just can be opened when protective device opens circuit.As replacement scheme, comb is implemented to connect in SI semi-insulation ground.

Claims (14)

1. be used to be arranged at least one load (V1; V2) and the electrical protective device between the power supply (SCH); Wherein said protective device (SCH) has current-limiting function and cut-out function; It is characterized in that protective device (SCH) is made up of a plurality of current limlitings or the protection component (E1...En) that opens circuit, the output parallel connection of said protection component.
2. according to the electrical protective device of claim 1, it is characterized in that each protection component (E1...En) all has fixing part current limit value.
3. according to the electrical protective device of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that (Bll, current limit value Bl2) are constituted as the identical big part current limit value sum of parallelly connected protection component (E1...En) for protective device (SCH) or protective device piece.
4. according to the electrical protective device of one of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that the protection component (E1...En) of protective device (SCH) connects by connecting comb (Ka) at output end.
5. according to the electrical protective device of claim 4, it is characterized in that, connect the output welding of comb (Ka) and protection component (E1...En).
6. according to the electrical protective device of claim 4 or 5, it is characterized in that, the connection comb (Ka) between protection component (E1...En) but the burble point (Br) that has at least one manual separation respectively.
7. according to the electrical protective device of claim 6, it is characterized in that the connection comb between protection component (E1...En) has the separation member that forms bulkily respectively, said separation member can manually be isolated from connecting comb.
8. according to the electrical protective device of claim 6 or 7, it is characterized in that, under burble point or separation member, settle mark, this mark shows that comb separates.
9. according to the electrical protective device of one of claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that protective device (SCH) is loaded in the power supply.
10. according to the electrical protective device of one of claim 1 to 9; It is characterized in that each protection component (El... En) comprises driver element (Al... A2) and has the current limiting element (Tl... Tn) of variable loop resistance and confirm loop resistance by driver element (Al... An) according to the electric current of the current limiting element (Tl... Tn) of flowing through.
11. control method according to the electrical protective device of one of claim 1 to 10; It is characterized in that; During the given in advance part current limit value that distributes reaching; The electric current of the said protection component of protection component (El... En) restricted passage (El... En) surpasses given in advance maximum and protection component (El... En) until the critical parameters of protection component (El... En) and opens circuit.
12. control method according to claim 11; It is characterized in that; Detect voltage and when reaching given in advance voltage drop value at each output of protection component (El... En); For given in advance binding hours at interval, the electric current of relevant protection component (El... En) restricted passage protection component (El... En), and protection component (El... En) opens circuit after binding hours expires at interval.
13. control method according to claim 11 or 12; It is characterized in that; In case the given in advance turn-off time expires at interval and/or the critical parameters of corresponding protection component (El... En) drop under the given in advance connection value; After opening circuit, all protection components (El... En) are resetted.
14. the control method according to claim 11 or 13 is characterized in that, the chip temperature of corresponding protection component (El... En) is to be detected as critical parameters.
CN201080008163.4A 2009-02-18 2010-02-01 Electrical protection device and control method of the electrical protection device Expired - Fee Related CN102326309B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT2712009A AT507083B1 (en) 2009-02-18 2009-02-18 ELECTRICAL PROTECTION DEVICE AND CONTROL METHOD OF THE ELECTRICAL PROTECTION DEVICE
ATA271/2009 2009-02-18
PCT/EP2010/051137 WO2010094548A1 (en) 2009-02-18 2010-02-01 Electrical protection device and control method of the electrical protection device

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CN102326309A true CN102326309A (en) 2012-01-18
CN102326309B CN102326309B (en) 2015-06-03

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EP (1) EP2399327A1 (en)
CN (1) CN102326309B (en)
AT (1) AT507083B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2010094548A1 (en)

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CN102723699A (en) * 2012-06-15 2012-10-10 北京鼎汉技术股份有限公司 Method and device for protection of direct-current power module
CN112186721A (en) * 2020-09-30 2021-01-05 江苏卫川物联科技有限公司 Electric fire-proof current-limiting protector

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CN106848998B (en) * 2017-02-28 2019-05-24 浙江大华技术股份有限公司 A kind of power output protection circuit and device
DE102017220711A1 (en) * 2017-11-20 2019-05-23 Ellenberger & Poensgen Gmbh Protective device and method for operating such a protective device

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102723699A (en) * 2012-06-15 2012-10-10 北京鼎汉技术股份有限公司 Method and device for protection of direct-current power module
CN102723699B (en) * 2012-06-15 2016-06-08 北京鼎汉技术股份有限公司 A kind of DC power supplier guard method and device
CN112186721A (en) * 2020-09-30 2021-01-05 江苏卫川物联科技有限公司 Electric fire-proof current-limiting protector

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Publication number Publication date
CN102326309B (en) 2015-06-03
AT507083A4 (en) 2010-02-15
AT507083B1 (en) 2010-02-15
EP2399327A1 (en) 2011-12-28
WO2010094548A1 (en) 2010-08-26

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