CN102324506A - Carbon-supported nano CoFe negative electrode material and synthesis method - Google Patents
Carbon-supported nano CoFe negative electrode material and synthesis method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a carbon-supported nano CoFe negative electrode material and a synthesis method, belonging to the field of the negative electrode material of a lithium ion battery. The material consists of disordered carbon and nano CoFe alloy, wherein the nano CoFe alloy is embedded and loaded in the disordered carbon. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing CoPc and FePc with molar ratio of 1:1 with pyrazine and a surface active agent and dissolving in an organic solvent N,N-dimethylformamide for thermalpolymerization; carrying out heat treatment on the polymerization product in an argon atmosphere to obtain the carbon-supported nano CoFe negative electrode material. As the negative electrode material of the lithium ion battery, the amorphous carbon-supported nano CoFe negative electrode material prepared by the invention has high specific capacity and good circulation stability, security and multiplying power performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of disordered carbon and carry nano Co Fe material and synthetic method, belong to the lithium ion battery negative material field.
Background technology
Since nineteen ninety Japan Sony company release first with the petroleum coke be negative pole the commercialization lithium ion battery so far, material with carbon element just serves as the negative material of lithium ion battery always.And present business-like ion cathode material lithium mainly is to be main with the graphite-like material with carbon element, mainly is that Stability Analysis of Structures has high conductivity and good cyclical stability because it is cheap.But the graphite-like material with carbon element also exists shortcoming and limitation: low theoretical specific capacity (LiC
6, 372mAh/g) can not satisfy current energy content of battery density height, the demand for development that volume is little; The overcharging resisting discharge performance is poor, and discharge voltage plateau low (0-0.25V) when discharge potential during near the 0V left and right sides, lithium metal can occur in the negative pole depositional phenomenon, forms dendrite, diaphragm and short circuit initiation potential or the like shortcoming problem.Therefore, seek height ratio capacity, the lithium ion battery negative material that security performance is good becomes the emphasis of current research.
Disordered carbon and graphitic carbon are different, and disordered carbon generally is that the not enough perhaps presoma of heat treatment temperature is difficult to the product that charing obtains.Its structure is different with the ordered lamellar structure of graphite, and the mechanism of storage lithium also is not quite similar.Lithium ion can only embed between its carbon atomic layer and the layer at graphite material, and the structure of disordered carbon material is the disordered structure of monoatomic layer, can be at the two sides of monoatomic layer absorption lithium; Simultaneously; Usually contain a large amount of hydrogen in the disordered carbon, elements such as nitrogen, and the micropore in various apertures and defect sturcture characteristics from presoma; These all possibly combine with lithium ion or suction-operated, so the theoretical specific capacity of disordered carbon is greater than 2 times of about 900mAh/g of graphite.Some documents all have relevant report, and for example: Adv.Mater.17 (2005) .743-746 has reported that disordered carbon is as ion cathode material lithium; Journal of Power Sources.195 (2010) .2050-2056 has reported that also disordered carbon is as high performance ion cathode material lithium or the like.
Therefore, select a kind of simple preparation method, prepare high performance disordered carbon material and have crucial meaning as lithium ion battery negative material.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to, a kind of height ratio capacity that has is provided, the good cyclical stability and the lithium ion battery negative material of high rate performance, promptly disordered carbon carries nano Co Fe material and preparation method thereof.
A kind of carbon-supported nano CoFe negative material provided by the invention is characterized in that, this material is by disordered carbon and nano Co Fe alloy composition, and nano Co Fe alloy embeds and loads in the disordered carbon.
The preparation method of a kind of carbon-supported nano CoFe negative material provided by the invention; It is characterized in that with certain proportion phthalocyanine cobalt and FePC, pyrazine and surfactant mix the back dissolving; Thermal polymerization in agitated reactor then; Next to thermal polymerization product decompression rotary evaporation, the powder sample that obtains heat treatment under argon gas atmosphere comprises following each step:
(1) with the mixture of monomer phthalocyanine cobalt and monomer FePC, pyrazine and surfactant are dissolved in organic solvent N according to 1: 3: 0.05～0.3 mol ratio, in the dinethylformamide, and ultrasonic agitation 10～30 minutes; Wherein the mol ratio of phthalocyanine cobalt and FePC is 1: 1.
(2) step (1) gained liquid is transferred in the polytetrafluoroethylliner liner agitated reactor, places 150 ℃～180 ℃ baking ovens to be incubated 3～6 hours agitated reactor then;
(3) behind the agitated reactor natural cooling in the step (2), product at 80 ℃～99 ℃ water-bath decompression rotary evaporations, is obtained the atropurpureus powdered substance;
(4) with the presoma that obtains in the step (3), in heat treatment 0.5～2.5 hour between 650 ℃～850 ℃ under the argon gas atmosphere, obtain end product, promptly disordered carbon carries nano Co Fe material.
Wherein, the surfactant described in the step (1) is a kind of in lauryl sodium sulfate, neopelex or the softex kw; Employed purity of argon is not less than 99.9% in the step (4).
The present invention is a main material with phthalocyanine cobalt and FePC, through the polymerization cracking reaction, has prepared the lithium ion battery negative material by disordered carbon and CoFe alloy composition.Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage:
(1) the present invention adopts phthalocyanine cobalt and FePC polymerization cracking to prepare disordered carbon and carries nano Co Fe material, and its preparation technology weak point consuming time is simple to operate, and the products obtained therefrom good stability is easy to store;
(2) lithium ion battery negative material disordered carbon provided by the invention carries nano Co Fe and has high specific capacity; The specific capacity of about 550mAh/g can be provided under the current density condition of 100mA/g; And show good cyclical stability; After 90 charge and discharge cycles, specific capacity still can remain on 550mAh/g, also possesses good high rate performance and fail safe simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the X ray diffracting spectrum of the material of embodiment 1 preparation;
Fig. 2 is the transmission electron microscope picture of the material of preparation among the embodiment 1;
Fig. 3 is the X ray diffracting spectrum of the material of Comparative Examples 1 preparation;
Fig. 4 is the X ray diffracting spectrum of the material of Comparative Examples 3 preparations;
Fig. 5 is the charging and discharging curve figure of the material of instance 1 preparation as lithium ion battery negative,
The cycle-index of numeral charging process in wherein scheming;
Fig. 6 is the cycle performance figure of the material of instance 1 preparation as lithium ion battery negative;
Fig. 7 is the high rate performance figure of the material of instance 1 preparation as lithium ion battery negative.
Embodiment
(1) the about 0.28 gram monomer phthalocyanine cobalt of weighing, about 0.28 restrains monomer FePC (mol ratio of phthalocyanine cobalt and FePC is 1: 1) respectively; 0.24 gram pyrazine and 0.028 gram lauryl sodium sulfate are dissolved in the N of 35mL; In the dinethylformamide, ultrasonic agitation 30 minutes;
(2) step (1) gained liquid is transferred in the polytetrafluoroethylliner liner agitated reactor, then agitated reactor is placed 160 ℃ of baking oven insulations 4.5 hours;
(3) behind the agitated reactor natural cooling in the step (2), product at 80 ℃ of water-bath decompression rotary evaporations, is obtained the atropurpureus powdered substance;
(4) with the presoma that obtains in the step (3) at 700 ℃, heat treatment is 1.0 hours under 99.9993% purity argon gas atmosphere, obtains end product, promptly disordered carbon carries nano Co Fe material.
Embodiment 2
(1) the about 0.28 gram monomer phthalocyanine cobalt of weighing, about 0.28 restrains monomer FePC (mol ratio of phthalocyanine cobalt and FePC is 1: 1) respectively; 0.24 gram pyrazine and 0.028 gram lauryl sodium sulfate are dissolved in the N of 35mL; In the dinethylformamide, ultrasonic agitation 30 minutes;
(2) step (1) gained liquid is transferred in the polytetrafluoroethylliner liner agitated reactor, then agitated reactor is placed 160 ℃ of baking oven insulations 4.5 hours;
(3) behind the agitated reactor natural cooling in the step (2), product at 80 ℃ of water-bath decompression rotary evaporations, is obtained the atropurpureus powdered substance;
(4) with the presoma that obtains in the step (3) at 800 ℃, heat treatment is 1.0 hours under 99.9993% purity argon gas atmosphere, obtains end product, promptly disordered carbon carries nano Co Fe material.
Embodiment 3
(1) the about 0.28 gram monomer phthalocyanine cobalt of weighing, about 0.28 restrains monomer FePC (mol ratio of phthalocyanine cobalt and FePC is 1: 1) respectively; 0.24 gram pyrazine and 0.028 gram lauryl sodium sulfate are dissolved in the N of 35mL; In the dinethylformamide, ultrasonic agitation 30 minutes;
(2) step (1) gained liquid is transferred in the polytetrafluoroethylliner liner agitated reactor, then agitated reactor is placed 180 ℃ of baking oven insulations 4.5 hours;
(3) behind the agitated reactor natural cooling in the step (2),, obtain the atropurpureus powdered substance with product water-bath decompression rotary evaporation between 80 ℃;
(4) with the presoma that obtains in the step (3) at 700 ℃, heat treatment is 1.0 hours under 99.9993% purity argon gas atmosphere, obtains end product, promptly disordered carbon carries nano Co Fe material.
Embodiment 4
(1) the about 0.56 gram monomer phthalocyanine cobalt of weighing, 0.56 restrains monomer FePC (mol ratio of phthalocyanine cobalt and FePC is 1: 1) respectively, and 0.24 gram pyrazine and 0.028 gram lauryl sodium sulfate are dissolved in the N of 70mL, in the dinethylformamide, and ultrasonic agitation 30 minutes;
(2) step (1) gained liquid is transferred in the polytetrafluoroethylliner liner agitated reactor, then agitated reactor is placed 160 ℃ of baking oven insulations 4.5 hours;
(3) behind the agitated reactor natural cooling in the step (2),, obtain the atropurpureus powdered substance with product water-bath decompression rotary evaporation between 95 ℃;
(4) with the presoma that obtains in the step (3), under 99.9993% purity argon gas atmosphere,, obtain end product 700 ℃ of heat treatments 1.0 hours, promptly disordered carbon carries nano Co Fe material.
Embodiment 5
(1) the about 0.56 gram monomer phthalocyanine cobalt of weighing, 0.56 restrains monomer FePC (mol ratio of phthalocyanine cobalt and FePC is 1: 1) respectively, and 0.24 gram pyrazine and 0.028 gram lauryl sodium sulfate are dissolved in the N of 70mL, in the dinethylformamide, and ultrasonic agitation 30 minutes;
(2) step (1) gained liquid is transferred in the polytetrafluoroethylliner liner agitated reactor, then agitated reactor is placed 180 ℃ of baking oven insulations 4.5 hours;
(3) behind the agitated reactor natural cooling in the step (2),, obtain the atropurpureus powdered substance with product water-bath decompression rotary evaporation between 95 ℃;
(4) with the presoma that obtains in the step (3), under 99.9993% purity argon gas atmosphere,, obtain end product 800 ℃ of heat treatments 1.0 hours, promptly disordered carbon carries nano Co Fe material.
Embodiment 6
(1) the about 0.28 gram monomer phthalocyanine cobalt of weighing, about 0.28 restrains monomer FePC (mol ratio of phthalocyanine cobalt and FePC is 1: 1) respectively; 0.24 gram pyrazine and 0.028 gram neopelex are dissolved in the N of 35mL; In the dinethylformamide, ultrasonic agitation 30 minutes;
(2) step (1) gained liquid is transferred in the polytetrafluoroethylliner liner agitated reactor, then agitated reactor is placed 160 ℃ of baking oven insulations 4.5 hours;
(3) behind the agitated reactor natural cooling in the step (2), product at 80 ℃ of water-bath decompression rotary evaporations, is obtained the atropurpureus powdered substance;
(4) with the presoma that obtains in the step (3) at 700 ℃, heat treatment is 1.0 hours under 99.9993% purity argon gas atmosphere, obtains end product, promptly disordered carbon carries nano Co Fe material.
Embodiment 7
(1) the about 0.28 gram monomer phthalocyanine cobalt of weighing, about 0.28 restrains monomer FePC (mol ratio of phthalocyanine cobalt and FePC is 1: 1) respectively; 0.24 gram pyrazine and 0.028 gram softex kw are dissolved in the N of 35mL; In the dinethylformamide, ultrasonic agitation 30 minutes;
(2) step (1) gained liquid is transferred in the polytetrafluoroethylliner liner agitated reactor, then agitated reactor is placed 160 ℃ of baking oven insulations 4.5 hours;
(3) behind the agitated reactor natural cooling in the step (2), product at 90 ℃ of water-bath decompression rotary evaporations, is obtained the atropurpureus powdered substance;
(4) with the presoma that obtains in the step (3) at 800 ℃, heat treatment is 1.0 hours under 99.9993% purity argon gas atmosphere, obtains end product, promptly disordered carbon carries nano Co Fe material.
Comparative Examples 1
(1) the about 0.17 gram monomer phthalocyanine cobalt of weighing, 0.40 restrains monomer FePC (mol ratio of phthalocyanine cobalt and FePC is 3: 7) respectively, and 0.24 gram pyrazine and 0.028 gram lauryl sodium sulfate are dissolved in the N of 35mL, in the dinethylformamide, and ultrasonic agitation 30 minutes;
(2) step (1) gained liquid is transferred in the polytetrafluoroethylliner liner agitated reactor, then agitated reactor is placed 160 ℃ of baking oven insulations 4.5 hours;
(3) behind the agitated reactor natural cooling in the step (2),, obtain the atropurpureus powdered substance with product water-bath decompression rotary evaporation between 80 ℃;
(4) with the presoma that obtains in the step (3), under 99.9993% purity argon gas atmosphere, handled 1.0 hours at 700 ℃, obtain end product, for containing disordered carbon, Fe
3The composite material of C and CoFe.
Comparative Examples 2
(1) the about 0.17 gram monomer phthalocyanine cobalt of weighing, 0.40 restrains monomer FePC (mol ratio of phthalocyanine cobalt and FePC is 3: 7) respectively, and 0.24 gram pyrazine and 0.028 gram lauryl sodium sulfate are dissolved in the N of 35mL, in the dinethylformamide, and ultrasonic agitation 30 minutes;
(2) step (1) gained liquid is transferred in the polytetrafluoroethylliner liner agitated reactor, then agitated reactor is placed 180 ℃ of baking oven insulations 4.5 hours;
(3) behind the agitated reactor natural cooling in the step (2),, obtain the atropurpureus powdered substance with product water-bath decompression rotary evaporation between 90 ℃;
(4) with the presoma that obtains in the step (3), under 99.9993% purity argon gas atmosphere, handled 1.0 hours at 800 ℃, obtain end product, for containing disordered carbon, Fe
3The composite material of C and CoFe.
Comparative Examples 3
(1) the about 0.40 gram monomer phthalocyanine cobalt of weighing, 0.17 restrains monomer FePC (mol ratio of phthalocyanine cobalt and FePC is 7: 3) respectively, and 0.24 gram pyrazine and 0.028 gram lauryl sodium sulfate are dissolved in the N of 35mL, in the dinethylformamide, and ultrasonic agitation 30 minutes;
(2) step (1) gained liquid is transferred in the polytetrafluoroethylliner liner agitated reactor, then agitated reactor is placed 160 ℃ of baking oven insulations 4.5 hours;
(3) behind the agitated reactor natural cooling in the step (2),, obtain the atropurpureus powdered substance with product water-bath decompression rotary evaporation between 80 ℃;
(4) with the presoma that obtains in the step (3), under 99.9993% purity argon gas atmosphere, handled 1.0 hours at 700 ℃, obtain end product, for containing disordered carbon, Co and Co
7Fe
3Composite material.
Comparative Examples 4
(1) the about 0.40 gram monomer phthalocyanine cobalt of weighing, 0.17 restrains monomer FePC (mol ratio of phthalocyanine cobalt and FePC is 7: 3) respectively, and 0.24 gram pyrazine and 0.028 gram lauryl sodium sulfate are dissolved in the N of 35mL, in the dinethylformamide, and ultrasonic agitation 30 minutes;
(2) step (1) gained liquid is transferred in the polytetrafluoroethylliner liner agitated reactor, then agitated reactor is placed 180 ℃ of baking oven insulations 4.5 hours;
(3) behind the agitated reactor natural cooling in the step (2),, obtain the atropurpureus powdered substance with product water-bath decompression rotary evaporation between 90 ℃;
(4) with the presoma that obtains in the step (3), under 99.9993% purity argon gas atmosphere, handled 1.0 hours at 800 ℃, obtain end product, for containing disordered carbon, Co and Co
7Fe
3Composite material.
Fig. 1 is the X ray diffracting spectrum that the disordered carbon of preparation among the embodiment 1 carries nano Co Fe material.The diffraction maximum of about 26 ° of positions among the figure (mark *) is the special diffraction maximum of disordered carbon, corresponding (002) crystal face; The diffraction maximum of dotted line position among the figure, 2 θ values are respectively 45.2 °, 65.7 ° and 83.3 °, are the characteristic diffraction peaks of CoFe, and it corresponds respectively to (110), (200) and (211) crystal face of CoFe.Can find out that synthetic material is mainly by disordered carbon and CoFe alloy composition.
Fig. 2 is the transmission electron microscope picture of preparation material among the embodiment 1.The back of the body of light color bottom branch is the disordered carbon material among the figure, and black type of spherical particles is the CoFe alloy.Can find out that appendix is on the disordered carbon material more equably for the CoFe particle, particle size is about 15nm.
Fig. 3 is the X ray diffracting spectrum of preparation material in the Comparative Examples 1.The diffraction maximum of about 26 ° of positions among the figure (mark *) is the disordered carbon characteristic diffraction peak, corresponding (002) crystal face; What the diffraction maximum of mark () was corresponding respectively among the figure is (110), (200) and (211) crystal face of CoFe alloy; That the diffraction maximum of the position of mark (#) is corresponding among the figure is Fe
3Therefore C can find out that the material of Comparative Examples 1 preparation is by disordered carbon, Fe
3The composite material of C and CoFe alloy composition.
Fig. 4 is the X ray diffracting spectrum of preparation material in the Comparative Examples 3.The diffraction maximum of about 26 ° of positions among the figure (mark *) is the characteristic diffraction peak of disordered carbon, corresponding (002) crystal face.That the diffraction maximum of mark () is corresponding respectively among the figure is Co
7Fe
3(110) of alloy, (200) and (211) crystal face; What the diffraction maximum of mark (#) was corresponding respectively among the figure is (111), (200) and (220) crystal face of Co.Therefore the material that can find out Comparative Examples 3 preparations is a disordered carbon, Co simple substance and Co
7Fe
3The composite material that the three forms.
Fig. 5 is that instance 1 gained disordered carbon carries charging and discharging curve figure and the cycle performance figure that nano Co Fe material preparation becomes electrode with Fig. 6.Can find out that by Fig. 5 discharge process apparent in view discharge platform occurred at the 0.8V place first; Voltage platform is also compared the height of wanting of graphite cathode in the cyclic process afterwards, and therefore, this material has good security performance.Can find out that by Fig. 6 this material can provide high specific capacity (about 550mAh/g) and good cyclical stability under 100mA/g current density condition;
Fig. 7 is that instance 1 gained disordered carbon carries the cycle performance figure under the different multiplying condition that nano Co Fe material preparation becomes electrode; By knowing among the figure; During the 50mA/g current density 600mAh/g specific capacity can be provided, and along with the increasing progressively of current density, specific capacity decays with 50mAh/g just also; When the 1000mA/g current density, still the 300mAh/g specific capacity can be provided; At last again can be when current density jump to 50mA/g, specific capacity also can return to 600mAh/g rapidly, so this material shows very good high rate performance.
Claims (4)
1. a carbon-supported nano CoFe negative material is characterized in that, this material is by disordered carbon and nano Co Fe alloy composition, and nano Co Fe alloy embeds and loads in the disordered carbon.
2. the preparation method of a kind of carbon-supported nano CoFe negative material of claim 1 is characterized in that, comprises following each step:
(1) with the mixture of monomer phthalocyanine cobalt and monomer FePC; Pyrazine and surfactant are dissolved in organic solvent N according to 1: 3: 0.05～0.3 mol ratio; In the dinethylformamide, ultrasonic agitation 10～30 minutes, wherein the mol ratio of phthalocyanine cobalt and FePC is 1: 1;
(2) step (1) gained liquid is transferred in the polytetrafluoroethylliner liner agitated reactor, places 150 ℃～180 ℃ baking ovens to be incubated 3～6 hours agitated reactor then;
(3) behind the agitated reactor natural cooling in the step (2), product at 80 ℃～99 ℃ water-bath decompression rotary evaporations, is obtained the atropurpureus powdered substance;
(4) with the presoma that obtains in the step (3), in heat treatment 0.5～2.5 hour between 650 ℃～850 ℃ under the argon gas atmosphere, obtain end product, promptly disordered carbon carries nano Co Fe material.
3. according to the method for claim 2, it is characterized in that the surfactant described in the step (1) is a kind of in lauryl sodium sulfate, neopelex or the softex kw.
4. according to the method for claim 2, it is characterized in that employed purity of argon is not less than 99.9% in the step (4).
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| CN107275616A (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2017-10-20 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of superfine tin oxide/porous carbon nanomaterial as negative electrode of lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof |
| CN111725529A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-09-29 | 武汉理工大学 | Iron/cobalt bimetallic phthalocyanine electrocatalyst with heterostructure as well as preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN102024938A (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2011-04-20 | 北京工业大学 | C/Fe3C lithium ion battery negative material and preparation method thereof |
| US20110091787A1 (en) * | 2006-03-31 | 2011-04-21 | Quantumsphere, Inc. | Compositions of nanometal particles containing a metal or alloy and platinum particles for use in fuel cells |
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| US20110091787A1 (en) * | 2006-03-31 | 2011-04-21 | Quantumsphere, Inc. | Compositions of nanometal particles containing a metal or alloy and platinum particles for use in fuel cells |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107275616A (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2017-10-20 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of superfine tin oxide/porous carbon nanomaterial as negative electrode of lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof |
| CN107275616B (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2020-03-06 | 广东工业大学 | Superfine tin oxide/porous carbon nano material used as lithium ion battery cathode and preparation method thereof |
| CN111725529A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-09-29 | 武汉理工大学 | Iron/cobalt bimetallic phthalocyanine electrocatalyst with heterostructure as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111725529B (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2022-01-11 | 武汉理工大学 | Iron/cobalt bimetallic phthalocyanine electrocatalyst with heterostructure as well as preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20120118 |