CN102324306A - Dye-sensitized solar cell working electrode and preparation method that nano silver wire mixes - Google Patents
Dye-sensitized solar cell working electrode and preparation method that nano silver wire mixes Download PDFInfo
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- CN102324306A CN102324306A CN201110167636A CN201110167636A CN102324306A CN 102324306 A CN102324306 A CN 102324306A CN 201110167636 A CN201110167636 A CN 201110167636A CN 201110167636 A CN201110167636 A CN 201110167636A CN 102324306 A CN102324306 A CN 102324306A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/542—Dye sensitized solar cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells
Abstract
The present invention relates to field of dye-sensitized solar cells, relate in particular to dye-sensitized solar cell working electrode and method for making thereof that a kind of nano silver wire mixes.The present invention is the fine and close nano-oxide film of parcel one deck on the nano silver wire surface at first; The nano silver wire that will be enclosed with sull then is doped in the water slurry that contains the oxide nanocrystalline particle; Obtain containing the slurry of nano silver wire; Slurry evenly is coated on the conductive substrates, and annealing in air in dry back, promptly obtains the dye-sensitized solar cell working electrode that nano silver wire of the present invention mixes.Method technology of the present invention is simple; Cost is low; The dye-sensitized solar cell working electrode that the nano silver wire for preparing mixes can improve the mobility of charge carrier rate; Reduce the recombination rate of charge carrier, improved the utilance of light simultaneously, thereby significantly improved the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cell.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of dye-sensitized solar cells, relate in particular to dye-sensitized solar cell working electrode of a kind of nano silver wire doping and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
DSSC is that low cost utilizes solar energy that a kind of possibility is provided, thereby has caused the many attention of People more and more.But traditional titania-based DSSC exists inadequate natural endowment, all smaller (Kim of the electric transmission speed of titanium dioxide nanocrystalline membrana granulosa and diffusion length; Y.J., et al., Langmuir; 2008.24 (22): 13225-13230); Thereby electronics will take a long time and be diffused on the conductive electrode, and this has caused higher charge carrier recombination rate, makes photoelectric conversion efficiency be affected.In order to address this problem; People have done a lot of research work, such as replacing traditional nano-crystalline granule (Mor, G.K. with one-dimensional nano line or nano-tube array; Et al.Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 2006.90 (14): 2011-2075).People it is generally acknowledged that one-dimensional nano line or nano-tube array have bigger electric transmission speed and diffusion length.Yet; The surface area of the brilliant particle of the common ratio nano of the surface area of one-dimensional nano line or nanotube is little; In order to adsorb abundant dyestuff, the length of one-dimensional nano line or nano-tube array must be longer, and this causes electronics could arrive conductive electrode through longer distance again.The report that does not also have the brilliant membrana granulosa of one-dimensional nano line or nano-tube array structure ratio nano to have the photoelectric conversion efficiency of better effects if so far; On the contrary; The research of Richter and Charles shows that because the existence of type exciton bound state, titania nanotube can't increase the mobility of electronics; Promptly can not reduce compound (Richter; C.and C.A.Schmuttenmaer.Nature Nanotechnology, 2010.5 (11): 769-772), thereby one-dimensional nano line or nano-tube array structure may not improve the efficient of battery.Someone is carbon nano tube-doped electric current (Jang, S.R., R.Vittal, and K.J.Kim.Langmuir, 2004.20 (22): 9807-9810) of improving solar cell in the titanium dioxide nanocrystalline particle film.Yet CNT itself can influence the utilance of light.In order to increase electric transmission speed and diffusion length, keep bigger surface area to come absorbing light simultaneously, an effective method is in nano-crystalline granule thin film work electrode, to add nano silver wire.Thereby nano silver wire can increase light scattering is improved the utilance of light, and owing to the very strong plasma resonance effect of nano silver wire, the absorptivity of light also can be improved again.In addition, the high conductivity of nano silver wire can derive charge carrier rapidly, and compound being able to of charge carrier suppressed.If used oxide is titanium dioxide or zinc oxide, contacting between silver and the oxide can form the downwarping of conduction band at the interface, and this helps electronics to separate.The titanium dioxide work electrode for preparing in this way, its photoelectric conversion efficiency obviously improves.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is problem to existing dye-sensitized solar cell working electrode existence; Provide that a kind of can to reduce charge carrier compound, improve dye-sensitized solar cell working electrode that the nano silver wire of the utilance of light mixes and preparation method thereof simultaneously.
The dye-sensitized solar cell working electrode that nano silver wire of the present invention mixes is the oxide nanocrystalline membrana granulosa that on conductive substrates, has one deck nano silver wire to mix.
The thickness of described film is 3~14 μ m.
The mass ratio of nano silver wire in the described film and oxide nanocrystalline particle is 0.1~2: 100.
The diameter of described nano silver wire is 30~500nm, and length is 5~20 μ m.
Described oxide nanocrystalline particle is zinc oxide nanocrystalline particle or titanium dioxide nanocrystalline particle.
The preparation method of the dye-sensitized solar cell working electrode that nano silver wire of the present invention mixes may further comprise the steps:
(1) nano silver wire of silver chlorate having been removed on the surface cleans (available distilled water flushing) and is immersed in the nano-oxide hydrosol after clean; Make the fine and close nano-oxide film of surface parcel one deck of nano silver wire; The nano silver wire that is coated with the nano-oxide film that obtains is taken out from the nano-oxide hydrosol, clean up;
(2) nano silver wire that is coated with the nano-oxide film that step (1) is obtained is scattered in to be processed suspension (the preferred concentration of nano silver wire in ethanol is 1%~4wt%) in the ethanol; Is 0.1~2: 100 by the nano silver wire in the suspension of the nano silver wire that is coated with the nano-oxide film with the mass ratio that contains the oxide nanocrystalline particle in the water slurry of oxide nanocrystalline particle; The above-mentioned suspension for preparing is joined the water slurry that contains the oxide nanocrystalline particle, and (concentration that preferably contains the water slurry of oxide nanocrystalline particle is about in 30~60wt%) and stirs; Obtain containing the slurry of nano silver wire; Evenly be coated in the slurry that contains nano silver wire that obtains on the conductive substrates; Being 400~450 ℃ in temperature annealed 0.5~2 hour down; On conductive substrates, obtain the oxide nanocrystalline membrana granulosa that nano silver wire mixes, promptly prepare the dye-sensitized solar cell working electrode that nano silver wire mixes.
The method of described removal silver chlorate can be: the nano silver wire that chemical method is prepared is scattered in processes suspension in the ethanol, add ammoniacal liquor, to remove the silver chlorate of nano silver wire surface appendix.
The addition of described ammoniacal liquor is 1~4 times that said nano silver wire is scattered in suspension vol made in the ethanol.The mass concentration of described ammoniacal liquor is about 25%.
The particle diameter of the nano-oxide in the described nano-oxide hydrosol is 1~3nm.
The described nano-oxide hydrosol is the nano zine oxide hydrosol or the nano titanium oxide hydrosol.
Described oxide nanocrystalline particle grain size is 20~30nm.
Described oxide nanocrystalline particle is zinc oxide nanocrystalline particle or titanium dioxide nanocrystalline particle.
In the described method, the oxide in the preferred nano-oxide hydrosol is identical with the oxide in the oxide nanocrystalline particle.
The method that the described slurry that will contain nano silver wire evenly is coated on the conductive substrates can be scalpel method or silk screen print method.
The thickness of the oxide nanocrystalline membrana granulosa that described nano silver wire mixes is 3~14 μ m.
The mass ratio of nano silver wire in the described film and oxide nanocrystalline particle is 0.1~2: 100.
The diameter of described nano silver wire is 30~500nm, and length is 5~20 μ m.
Described conductive substrates is FTO electro-conductive glass or ITO electro-conductive glass.
The present invention is the fine and close sull of parcel one deck on the nano silver wire surface at first; The nano silver wire that will be enclosed with the nano-oxide film then is doped in the water slurry that contains the oxide nanocrystalline particle; Obtain containing the slurry of nano silver wire; Slurry evenly is coated on the conductive substrates, and annealing in air in dry back, promptly obtains the dye-sensitized solar cell working electrode that nano silver wire of the present invention mixes.Method technology of the present invention is simple; Cost is low; The dye-sensitized solar cell working electrode that the nano silver wire for preparing mixes can improve the mobility of charge carrier rate; Reduce the recombination rate of charge carrier, improved the utilance of light simultaneously, thereby significantly improved the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cell.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation based on a kind of solar cell of the dye-sensitized solar cell working electrode of nano silver wire doping of the present invention.
Reference numeral
1. electro-conductive glass 2. work electrode films 3. nano silver wires 4. electro-conductive glass
5.Pt catalyst 6. electrolyte solutions 7. encapsulating films
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
(1) diameter that chemical method is prepared is 30~500nm, and length is that the nano silver wire 100mg of 5~20 μ m is scattered in and processes the suspension that concentration is about 2wt% in the 5mL ethanol, adds the ammoniacal liquor that 10mL concentration is about 25wt% and soaks said nano silver wire 1 hour; Be immersed in after the nano silver wire that silver chlorate has been removed on the surface uses distilled water flushing clean and contain in the nano titanium oxide hydrosol that particle diameter is 1~3nm two hours; It is clean with distilled water flushing to take out the back, obtains being coated with the nano silver wire on the fine and close nano-titanium dioxide film barrier layer of one deck;
(2) nano silver wire that is coated with nano-titanium dioxide film that step (1) is obtained is scattered in processes 2.5mL suspension (concentration is about 4wt%) in the ethanol; The above-mentioned suspension that contains nano silver wire for preparing joined contain in the water slurry (concentration is about 60wt%) of titanium dioxide nanocrystalline particle that the 10g particle diameter is 20~30nm and stir; Obtain containing the slurry of nano silver wire 1wt%; Use operation skill in using a kitchen knife in cookery blade coating on the FTO electro-conductive glass of cleaning in the slurry that contains nano silver wire that obtains; After to be dried; Be 450 ℃ in temperature and annealed 0.5 hour down, on the FTO electro-conductive glass, obtain the titanium dioxide nanocrystalline membrana granulosa that one deck can be used as the nano silver wire doping of dye-sensitized solar cell working electrode.Wherein: the thickness of used pad film was adjusted into 3~14 μ m when the thickness of described film can be according to blade coating.The doping of the nano silver wire in the described film is about 1% of film total weight.
Have the FTO electro-conductive glass of the titanium dioxide nanocrystalline membrana granulosa of nano silver wire doping to make up a DSSC as work electrode with the above-mentioned appendix that obtains, its structure is as shown in Figure 1.The surperficial appendix of FTO electro-conductive glass 1 has one deck work electrode film 2, and described work electrode film is oxide (titanium dioxide) the nano-crystalline granule film that nano silver wire 3 mixes; Surperficial appendix as to the electro-conductive glass 4 of electrode has one deck Pt catalyst 5; With above-mentioned work electrode with electrode is placed electrolyte solution 6, prevent that electrolyte solution runs off, an encapsulating film 7 is arranged at above-mentioned work electrode and between to electrode, above-mentioned work electrode with electrode is connected through lead.
Under the light intensity of simulated solar irradiation AM1.5, the photoelectric conversion efficiency that the thick film of 3 μ m obtains is that the photoelectric conversion efficiency that the thick film of 3.1%, 8 μ m obtains is that the photoelectric conversion efficiency that the thick film of 6.8%, 14 μ m obtains is 5.2%.
(1) diameter that chemical method is prepared is 30~500nm, and length is that the nano silver wire 100mg of 5~20 μ m is scattered in and processes the suspension that concentration is about 2wt% in the 5mL ethanol, adds the ammoniacal liquor that 10mL concentration is about 25wt% and soaks said nano silver wire 1 hour; Be immersed in after the nano silver wire that silver chlorate has been removed on the surface uses distilled water flushing clean and contain in the nano zine oxide hydrosol that particle diameter is 1~3nm two hours; It is clean to take out the back distilled water flushing, obtains being coated with the nano silver wire on the fine and close Nano zinc oxide film barrier layer of one deck;
(2) nano silver wire that is coated with Nano zinc oxide film that step (1) is obtained is scattered in processes 10mL suspension (concentration is about 1wt%) in the ethanol; The above-mentioned suspension that contains nano silver wire for preparing joined contain the water slurry that the 100g particle diameter is the zinc oxide nanocrystalline particle of 20~30nm (concentration is in 30~60wt%) and stirs; Obtain containing the slurry of nano silver wire 0.1wt%; The slurry that contains nano silver wire that obtains is coated on the clean ITO electro-conductive glass with silk screen print method; After to be dried; Be 400 ℃ in temperature and annealed 0.5 hour down, on the FTO electro-conductive glass, obtain the zinc oxide nanocrystalline membrana granulosa that one deck can be used as the nano silver wire doping of dye-sensitized solar cell working electrode.Wherein: the concentration of the slurry of described zinc oxide nanocrystalline is 30~60%, and the thickness of described film can be adjusted into 3~14 μ m according to the concentration of slurry.The doping of the nano silver wire in the described film is about 0.1% of film total weight.
Have the FTO electro-conductive glass of the zinc oxide nanocrystalline membrana granulosa of nano silver wire doping to make up a solar cell as dye-sensitized solar cell working electrode with the above-mentioned appendix that obtains, its structure is as shown in Figure 1.The surperficial appendix of FTO electro-conductive glass 1 has one deck work electrode film 2, and described work electrode film is oxide (zinc oxide) the nano-crystalline granule film that nano silver wire 3 mixes; Surperficial appendix as to the electro-conductive glass 4 of electrode has one deck Pt catalyst 5; With above-mentioned work electrode with electrode is placed electrolyte solution 6, prevent that electrolyte solution runs off, an encapsulating film 7 is arranged at above-mentioned work electrode and between to electrode, above-mentioned work electrode with electrode is connected through lead.
Under the light intensity of simulated solar irradiation AM1.5, the photoelectric conversion efficiency that the thick film of 10 μ m obtains is 3.4%.
(1) diameter that chemical method is prepared is 30~500nm, and length is that the nano silver wire 100mg of 5~20 μ m is scattered in and processes the suspension that concentration is about 2wt% in the 5mL ethanol, adds the ammoniacal liquor that 10mL concentration is about 25wt% and soaks said nano silver wire 2 hours; Be immersed in after the nano silver wire that silver chlorate has been removed on the surface uses distilled water flushing clean and contain in the nano titanium oxide hydrosol that particle diameter is 1~3nm two hours; It is clean with distilled water flushing to take out the back, obtains being coated with the nano silver wire on the fine and close nano-titanium dioxide film barrier layer of one deck;
(2) nano silver wire that is coated with nano-titanium dioxide film that step (1) is obtained is scattered in processes 5mL suspension (concentration is about 2wt%) in the ethanol; The above-mentioned suspension that contains nano silver wire for preparing joined contain in the water slurry (concentration is about 50wt%) of titanium dioxide nanocrystalline particle that the 5g particle diameter is 20~30nm and stir; Obtain containing the slurry of nano silver wire 2wt%; Use operation skill in using a kitchen knife in cookery blade coating on the FTO electro-conductive glass of cleaning in the slurry that contains nano silver wire that obtains; After to be dried; Be 430 ℃ in temperature and annealed 0.5 hour down, on the FTO electro-conductive glass, obtain the titanium dioxide nanocrystalline membrana granulosa that one deck can be used as the nano silver wire doping of dye-sensitized solar cell working electrode.Wherein: the thickness of used pad film was adjusted into 3~14 μ m when the thickness of described film can be according to blade coating.The doping of the nano silver wire in the described film is 2% of a film total weight.
Have the FTO electro-conductive glass of the titanium dioxide nanocrystalline membrana granulosa of nano silver wire doping to make up a solar cell as dye-sensitized solar cell working electrode with the above-mentioned appendix that obtains, its structure is as shown in Figure 1.The surperficial appendix of FTO electro-conductive glass 1 has one deck work electrode film 2, and described work electrode film is oxide (titanium dioxide) the nano-crystalline granule film that nano silver wire 3 mixes; Surperficial appendix as to the electro-conductive glass 4 of electrode has one deck Pt catalyst 5; With above-mentioned work electrode with electrode is placed electrolyte solution 6, prevent that electrolyte solution runs off, an encapsulating film 7 is arranged at above-mentioned work electrode and between to electrode, above-mentioned work electrode with electrode is connected through lead.
Under the light intensity of simulated solar irradiation AM1.5, the photoelectric conversion efficiency that the thick film of 10 μ m obtains is 7.76%.
Claims (10)
1. the dye-sensitized solar cell working electrode that mixes of a nano silver wire, it is characterized in that: described work electrode is the oxide nanocrystalline membrana granulosa that on conductive substrates, has one deck nano silver wire to mix;
Described oxide nanocrystalline particle is zinc oxide nanocrystalline particle or titanium dioxide nanocrystalline particle.
2. the dye-sensitized solar cell working electrode that nano silver wire according to claim 1 mixes, it is characterized in that: the mass ratio of nano silver wire in the described film and oxide nanocrystalline particle is 0.1~2: 100.
3. the dye-sensitized solar cell working electrode that nano silver wire according to claim 1 and 2 mixes, it is characterized in that: the diameter of described nano silver wire is 30~500nm, length is 5~20 μ m.
4. the dye-sensitized solar cell working electrode that nano silver wire according to claim 1 and 2 mixes, it is characterized in that: the thickness of described film is 3~14 μ m.
5. the preparation method of a dye-sensitized solar cell working electrode that mixes according to any described nano silver wire of claim 1~4 is characterized in that this method may further comprise the steps:
(1) is immersed in the nano-oxide hydrosol after the nano silver wire of silver chlorate having been removed on the surface cleans up, makes surface parcel one deck nano-oxide film of nano silver wire, take out, clean up;
(2) nano silver wire that is coated with the nano-oxide film that step (1) is obtained is scattered in processes suspension in the ethanol; Is 0.1~2: 100 by the nano silver wire in the said suspension with the mass ratio that contains the oxide nanocrystalline particle in the water slurry of oxide nanocrystalline particle; The above-mentioned suspension for preparing is joined in the water slurry that contains the oxide nanocrystalline particle and stirs; Obtain containing the slurry of nano silver wire; The slurry that contains nano silver wire that obtains evenly is coated on the conductive substrates, is 400~450 ℃ in temperature and annealed 0.5~2 hour down, on conductive substrates, obtain the oxide nanocrystalline membrana granulosa that nano silver wire mixes;
The described nano-oxide hydrosol is the nano zine oxide hydrosol or the nano titanium oxide hydrosol;
Described oxide nanocrystalline particle is zinc oxide nanocrystalline particle or titanium dioxide nanocrystalline particle.
6. method according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the described concentration of nano silver wire in ethanol that is coated with the nano-oxide film is 1~4wt%;
The described concentration that contains the water slurry of oxide nanocrystalline particle is 30~60wt%.
7. method according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the particle diameter of described nano zine oxide is 1~3nm; The particle diameter of described nano titanium oxide is 1~3nm.
Described zinc oxide nanocrystalline particle grain size is 20~30nm; Described titanium dioxide nanocrystalline particle grain size is 20~30nm.
8. method according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the thickness of the oxide nanocrystalline membrana granulosa that described nano silver wire mixes is 3~14 μ m.
9. according to claim 5 or 8 described methods, it is characterized in that: the mass ratio of nano silver wire in the described film and oxide nanocrystalline particle is 0.1~2: 100.
10. method according to claim 9 is characterized in that: the diameter of described nano silver wire is 30~500nm, and length is 5~20 μ m.
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CN103366961A (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2013-10-23 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Doped titanium dioxide and preparation method thereof as well as dye-sensitized solar cell |
CN105304817A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-02-03 | 浙江理工大学 | Fibrous porphyrin compound solar cell and preparation method thereof |
CN105990527A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2016-10-05 | 华南师范大学 | Inverted polymer solar cell with silver nanowire/ZnO laminated layer as electronic collection layer and manufacturing method thereof |
CN106601486A (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2017-04-26 | 浙江师范大学 | Erbium europium rare earth doped dye-sensitized solar cell and preparation method thereof |
CN108447687A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-08-24 | 深圳汇通智能化科技有限公司 | A kind of improved solar cell board heat collector |
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Cited By (6)
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CN103366961A (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2013-10-23 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Doped titanium dioxide and preparation method thereof as well as dye-sensitized solar cell |
CN105304817A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-02-03 | 浙江理工大学 | Fibrous porphyrin compound solar cell and preparation method thereof |
CN105990527A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2016-10-05 | 华南师范大学 | Inverted polymer solar cell with silver nanowire/ZnO laminated layer as electronic collection layer and manufacturing method thereof |
CN106601486A (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2017-04-26 | 浙江师范大学 | Erbium europium rare earth doped dye-sensitized solar cell and preparation method thereof |
CN108447687A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-08-24 | 深圳汇通智能化科技有限公司 | A kind of improved solar cell board heat collector |
CN108447687B (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2019-11-15 | 桐乡恒益纸塑有限公司 | A kind of improved solar battery board heat collector |
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Application publication date: 20120118 |