CN102323591A - Picosecond-pulse-based high-precision laser distance measuring device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a picoseconds-pulse-based high-precision laser distance measuring device. The device combines a picosecond pulse laser technology and a high-speed photoelectric detection technology, and adopts a picosecond pulse laser as a laser emission source and a high-speed PIN photoelectric detector as a receiving unit. A laser light source works in a pulse mode, so the laser transmission power density is high, and consideration is given to the advantages of long measuring distance and high distance measuring precision. The overall device is stable and reliable; the precision for measuring a target away from dozens of kilometers reaches 1 millimeter; and the distance measurement precision is improved by 1,000 times compared with a conventional nanosecond pulse laser distance measuring technology. The device has an ingenious structure design, is simple and practical, and can be used for high-precision measurement of aeronautics and astronautics, marine survey and long distance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high-precision laser range-finding device, belong to the laser measuring technique field based on picopulse.
Background technology
Laser ranging technique is to use in the laser technology the earliest and the most ripe a kind of; The problem that traditional LDMS exists measuring accuracy and measuring distance to be difficult to take into account; Wherein, the most commonly used with the laser ranging and the ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser range measurement system of phase modulation (PM) formula.
The laser ranging technique of phase modulation (PM) formula is to measure continuous modulated laser round phase differential
on testing distance d to come the range information of indirect measurement target.Because the distance of light wave every propagation λ in communication process; Phase place just changes 2 π; So come and go apart from d, light wave and to have certain relation between phase differential
and the optical wavelength λ:
though the laser ranging distance accuracy of phase modulation (PM) formula very high (can reaching the precision of millimeter magnitude), but have the nearly shortcomings such as (can reach the distance of several kms) of operating distance.[Wang Xiufang, Wang Jiang, Yang Xiangdong, Wang Lei, Wu Zhihai. phase laser distance technical research general introduction. " laser journal .2006,27 (2): 4-5].
The ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser ranging technology then is to have utilized the substantially invariable characteristic of laser velocity of propagation in air, through confirming the distance between receiver and the measured target two-way time measuring laser pulse.The ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser range finding can be measured (distance that can reach tens kms) to distant object, but measuring accuracy not high (can reach the precision of meter magnitude).[Huo Yujing, Yang Chengwei, Chen Qiansong. pulsed laser ranging light source progress. " laser and infrared " .2002,32 (3): 131-134].
Along with laser technology and application and development thereof, the picosecond pulse laser device has become a kind of commercial product of technology maturation.It has the characteristics of extremely narrow light impulse length and high-peak power, has a wide range of applications in optical clock pulse, bit rate optical communication, hypervelocity data processing, photometry calculation and picosecond laser processing and other fields.In the high speed photodetector technology, because the manufacture craft of intrinsic photodiode (being called for short PIN) detector is comparatively simple, and can access very high response speed, therefore the PIN photodetector of various different response speeds is developed greatly.[Liu Jiazhou, Li Aizhen, Zhang Yonggang. the new development of optical communicating waveband hypervelocity PIN photodetector. " semiconductor optoelectronic " .2001,22 (4): 227-232]
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the remote of existing ranging technology and problem that high precision is difficult to take into account, the invention provides high-precision laser range-finding device based on picopulse, described high precision is meant that tens kms distance objective far away is carried out measuring accuracy reaches 1 millimeter.
Described high-precision laser range-finding device based on picopulse, it comprises laser instrument 1, beam splitter I 2, beam splitter II3, telescope 4, photoelectric commutator I 5, photoelectric commutator II6, chronotron 7, timer 8, interface convertor 9, display 10, controller 11 and computing machine 12; Wherein, laser instrument 1 is connected with beam splitter I 2, beam splitter II3, telescope 4 on the optical axis of its output beam successively;
Photoelectric commutator I 5 is connected respectively with chronotron 7 with beam splitter I 2, and chronotron 7 is connected respectively with computing machine 12 with timer 8; Beam splitter II3 is connected with photoelectric commutator II6; Photoelectric commutator II6 is connected with timer 8; Timer 8 is connected with interface convertor 9; Interface convertor 9 is connected with computing machine 12; Display 10 is connected with computing machine 12; Controller 11 is connected respectively with computing machine 12 with laser instrument 1;
Laser instrument 1 is the picosecond pulse laser device; Wavelength is that 266nm, 355nm, 532nm or 1064nm are adjustable; Pulsewidth is that 20ps, 60ps or 100ps are adjustable; Pulse repetition rate is that 10Hz or 20Hz are adjustable; Beam divergence angle 0.4 milliradian; Single pulse energy is the burnt magnitude of milli;
Preferably: what laser instrument 1 adopted is Nd:YAG picosecond pulse laser device; Beam splitter I2 is 1: 99 a beam splitter; It is the telescopic system of 15cm that telescope 4 adopts bore; Photoelectric commutator I 5 and photoelectric commutator II6 all adopt the high speed PIN photodetector of response time less than 12ps;
Store the management and the operating software of the laser ranging system based on picosecond pulse laser of the present invention in the computing machine 12, therefore, make computing machine 12 can carry out man-machine interaction, signal Processing, control and data computation;
The laser of laser instrument 1 output is divided into two parts by beam splitter I 2, and 99% laser is wherein launched by telescope 4 behind beam splitter II3, is used for the irradiation target; 1% laser wherein converts electric signal to by photoelectric commutator I 5; This electric signal gets into chronotron 7; Under the effect of the delay time instruction that computing machine 12 provides, after 7 pairs of these electric signal of chronotron carry out delay operation, get into timer 8 again as synchronous enabling signal;
Telescope 4 receives echoed signal, and echoed signal gets into through beam splitter II3 and gets into timer 8 again after photoelectric commutator II6 converts electric signal into, as the pass gate signal of timer 8;
In computing machine 12, according to the range formula between range measurement system and the target
Calculate the distance R between range measurement system and the target; In the formula, c is the velocity of propagation of light in medium;
The distance R that calculates between range measurement system and the target can show through display 10, perhaps prints.
Described software flow pattern is as shown in Figure 2.Combined with hardware is introduced software flow and is explained that the step of the high-precision laser range-finding method based on picosecond pulse laser of the present invention is following:
Execution in step 21, beginning, initialization;
Execution in step 22, computing machine 12 sends instruction for controller 11, laser instrument 1 emission laser pulse;
Execution in step 23, computing machine 12 send the delay time instruction for chronotron 7, and as the instruction of the delay time in chronotron 7 actual motions, distance measuring equipment of the present invention formally gets into duty;
The laser of laser instrument 1 output is divided into two parts by beam splitter I 2, and 99% laser is wherein launched by telescope 4 behind beam splitter II3, is used for the irradiation target; 1% laser wherein converts electric signal to by photoelectric commutator I 5; This electric signal gets into chronotron 7; Under the effect of the delay time instruction that computing machine 12 provides, after 7 pairs of these electric signal of chronotron carry out delay operation, get into timer 8 again as synchronous enabling signal;
Execution in step 24, telescope 4 receives echoed signal, and echoed signal gets into through beam splitter II3 and gets into timer 8 again after photoelectric commutator II6 converts electric signal into, as the pass gate signal of timer 8;
In computing machine 12, according to the range formula between range measurement system and the target
Calculate the distance R between range measurement system and the target; In the formula, c is the velocity of propagation of light in medium;
Execution in step 25, the distance R that calculates between range measurement system and the target can show through display 10, perhaps prints;
Execution in step 26, computing machine 12 is given 11 1 instructions of controller, and control laser instrument 1 continues or quits work.
Execution in step 27 finishes.
Beneficial effect: the present invention has combined the picosecond pulse laser technology, and the high speed optoelectronic Detection Techniques adopt the picosecond pulse laser device as laser emitting source, and high speed PIN photodetector is as receiving element.Based on the high-precision laser range-finding device of picopulse tens kms distance objective far away is carried out measuring accuracy and reach 1 millimeter; It is picosecond magnitude that the present invention selects the LASER Light Source pulsewidth for use, pulse width, and the leading-edge pulse time is short, makes distance accuracy improve 1000 times than traditional ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser ranging technology; Because LASER Light Source is with pulse mode work, the Laser emission power density is high, has taken into account far measuring distance, advantage that distance accuracy is high.Structural design of the present invention is ingenious, simple being suitable for.The present invention can be applicable to the measurement of Aero-Space, ocean expedition and distant-range high-precision.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the one-piece construction block diagram that the present invention is based on the high-precision laser range-finding device of picopulse.
Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram that the present invention is based on the high-precision laser range-finding device of picopulse.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1 high-precision laser range-finding device based on picopulse of the present invention, described high precision are meant that tens kms distance objective far away is carried out measuring accuracy reaches 1 millimeter;
Described high-precision laser range-finding device based on picopulse, it comprises laser instrument 1, beam splitter I 2, beam splitter II3, telescope 4, photoelectric commutator I 5, photoelectric commutator II6, chronotron 7, timer 8, interface convertor 9, display 10, controller 11 and computing machine 12; Wherein, laser instrument 1 is connected with beam splitter I 2, beam splitter II3, telescope 4 on the optical axis of its output beam successively;
Photoelectric commutator I 5 is connected respectively with chronotron 7 with beam splitter I 2, and chronotron 7 is connected respectively with computing machine 12 with timer 8; Beam splitter II3 is connected with photoelectric commutator II6; Photoelectric commutator II6 is connected with timer 8; Timer 8 is connected with interface convertor 9; Interface convertor 9 is connected with computing machine 12; Display 10 is connected with computing machine 12; Controller 11 is connected respectively with computing machine 12 with laser instrument 1;
What laser instrument 1 adopted is Nd:YAG picosecond pulse laser device, and optical maser wavelength is 1064nm; Pulsewidth is 20ps; Pulse repetition rate is 10Hz; Beam divergence angle 0.4 milliradian; Single pulse energy is the burnt magnitude of milli; Beam splitter I 2 is 1: 99 a beam splitter; It is the telescopic system of 15cm that telescope 4 adopts bore; Photoelectric commutator I 5 and photoelectric commutator II6 all adopt the high speed PIN photodetector of response time less than 12ps;
Store the management and the operating software of the laser ranging system based on picosecond pulse laser of the present invention in the computing machine 12, therefore, make computing machine 12 can carry out man-machine interaction, signal Processing, control and data computation;
The laser of laser instrument 1 output is divided into two parts by beam splitter I 2, and 99% laser is wherein launched by telescope 4 behind beam splitter II3, is used for the irradiation target; 1% laser wherein converts electric signal to by photoelectric commutator I 5; This electric signal gets into chronotron 7; Under the effect of the delay time instruction that computing machine 12 provides, after 7 pairs of these electric signal of chronotron carry out delay operation, get into timer 8 again as synchronous enabling signal;
Telescope 4 receives echoed signal, and echoed signal gets into through beam splitter II3 and gets into timer 8 again after photoelectric commutator II6 converts electric signal into, as the pass gate signal of timer 8;
In computing machine 12, according to the range formula between range measurement system and the target
Calculate the distance R between range measurement system and the target; In the formula, c is the velocity of propagation of light in medium;
The distance R that calculates between range measurement system and the target can show through display 10, perhaps prints.
Described software flow pattern is as shown in Figure 2.Combined with hardware is introduced software flow and is explained that the step of the high-precision laser range-finding method based on picosecond pulse laser of the present invention is following:
Execution in step 21, beginning, initialization;
Execution in step 22, computing machine 12 sends instruction for controller 11, laser instrument 1 emission laser pulse;
Execution in step 23, computing machine 12 send the delay time instruction for chronotron 7, and as the instruction of the delay time in chronotron 7 actual motions, distance measuring equipment of the present invention formally gets into duty;
The laser of laser instrument 1 output is divided into two parts by beam splitter I 2, and 99% laser is wherein launched by telescope 4 behind beam splitter II3, is used for the irradiation target; 1% laser wherein converts electric signal to by photoelectric commutator I 5; This electric signal gets into chronotron 7; Under the effect of the delay time instruction that computing machine 12 provides, after 7 pairs of these electric signal of chronotron carry out delay operation, get into timer 8 again as synchronous enabling signal;
Execution in step 24, telescope 4 receives echoed signal, and echoed signal gets into through beam splitter II3 and gets into timer 8 again after photoelectric commutator II6 converts electric signal into, as the pass gate signal of timer 8;
In computing machine 12, according to the range formula between range measurement system and the target
Calculate the distance R between range measurement system and the target; In the formula, c is the velocity of propagation of light in medium;
Execution in step 25, the distance R that calculates between range measurement system and the target can show through display 10, perhaps prints;
Execution in step 26, computing machine 12 is given 11 1 instructions of controller, and control laser instrument 1 continues or quits work.
Execution in step 27 finishes.
Embodiment 2 is based on the high-precision laser range-finding device of picopulse, and what laser instrument 1 adopted is Nd:YAG picosecond pulse laser device, and wavelength is 266nm; Remaining is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3 is based on the high-precision laser range-finding device of picopulse, and what laser instrument 1 adopted is Nd:YAG picosecond pulse laser device, and wavelength is 355nm; Remaining is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4 is based on the high-precision laser range-finding device of picopulse, and what laser instrument 1 adopted is Nd:YAG picosecond pulse laser device, and wavelength is 532nm; Remaining is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 5 is based on the high-precision laser range-finding device of picopulse, and what laser instrument 1 adopted is Nd:YAG picosecond pulse laser device, and pulsewidth is 60ps; Remaining is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 7 is based on the high-precision laser range-finding device of picopulse, and what laser instrument 1 adopted is Nd:YAG picosecond pulse laser device, and pulse repetition rate is 20Hz; Remaining is with embodiment 1.
Claims (8)
1. based on the high-precision laser range-finding device of picopulse; Described high precision is meant that described distance measuring equipment carries out measuring accuracy to tens kms distance objective far away and reaches 1 millimeter; It is characterized in that it comprises laser instrument (1), beam splitter I (2), beam splitter II (3), telescope (4), photoelectric commutator I (5), photoelectric commutator II (6), chronotron (7), timer (8), interface convertor (9), display (10), controller (11) and computing machine (12); Wherein, laser instrument (1) is connected with beam splitter I (2), beam splitter II (3), telescope (4) on the optical axis of its output beam successively; Photoelectric commutator I (5) is connected respectively with chronotron (7) with beam splitter I (2), and chronotron (7) is connected respectively with computing machine (12) with timer (8); Beam splitter II (3) is connected with photoelectric commutator II (6); Photoelectric commutator II (6) is connected with timer (8); Timer (8) is connected with interface convertor (9); Interface convertor (9) is connected with computing machine (12); Display (10) is connected with computing machine (12); Controller (11) is connected respectively with computing machine (12) with laser instrument (1);
Laser instrument (1) is the picosecond pulse laser device; Wavelength is that 266nm, 355nm, 532nm or 1064nm are adjustable; Pulsewidth is that 20ps, 60ps or 100ps are adjustable; Pulse repetition rate is that 10Hz or 20Hz are adjustable; Beam divergence angle 0.4 milliradian; Single pulse energy is the burnt magnitude of milli;
What laser instrument (1) adopted is the picosecond pulse laser device; Beam splitter I (20) is 1: 99 a beam splitter; It is the telescopic system of 15cm that telescope (4) adopts bore; Photoelectric commutator I (5) and photoelectric commutator II (6) all adopt the high speed PIN photodetector of response time less than 12ps;
Store management and operating software in the computing machine (12), therefore, make computing machine (12) can carry out man-machine interaction, signal Processing, control and data computation based on the laser ranging system of picosecond pulse laser;
Computing machine (12) sends instruction for controller (11), laser instrument (1) emission laser pulse; Computing machine (12) sends the delay time instruction for chronotron (7);
The laser of laser instrument (1) output is divided into two parts by beam splitter I (2), and 99% laser is wherein launched by telescope (4) behind beam splitter II (3), is used for the irradiation target; 1% laser wherein converts electric signal to by photoelectric commutator I (5); This electric signal gets into chronotron (7); Under the effect of the delay time instruction that computing machine (12) provides, after chronotron (7) carries out delay operation to this electric signal, get into timer (8) again as synchronous enabling signal;
Telescope (4) receives echoed signal, and echoed signal gets into through beam splitter II (3) and gets into timer (8) again after photoelectric commutator II (6) converts electric signal into, as the pass gate signal of timer (8);
Timer (8) obtains travelling to and fro between the umber of pulse N between range measurement system and the target, and obtains time T=Nt, and wherein t is the repetition period of count pulse; Both time T was that picosecond pulse laser is travelled to and fro between the time between range measurement system and the target, and time T is imported computing machine (12) behind interface convertor (9);
In computing machine (12), according to the range formula between range measurement system and the target
Calculate the distance R between range measurement system and the target; In the formula, c is the velocity of propagation of light in medium;
The distance R that calculates between range measurement system and the target can be passed through display (10) demonstration, perhaps prints.
2. the high-precision laser range-finding device based on picosecond pulse laser as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, what described laser instrument (1) adopted is Nd:YAG picosecond pulse laser device; Its wavelength is 1064nm; Pulsewidth 20ps, pulse repetition rate 10Hz, beam divergence angle 0.4 milliradian.
3. the high-precision laser range-finding device based on picosecond pulse laser as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, what described laser instrument (1) adopted is Nd:YAG picosecond pulse laser device, and wavelength is 266nm.
4. the high-precision laser range-finding device based on picosecond pulse laser as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, what described laser instrument (1) adopted is Nd:YAG picosecond pulse laser device, and wavelength is 355nm.
5. the high-precision laser range-finding device based on picosecond pulse laser as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, what described laser instrument (1) adopted is Nd:YAG picosecond pulse laser device, and wavelength is 532nm.
6. the high-precision laser range-finding device based on picosecond pulse laser as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, what described laser instrument (1) adopted is Nd:YAG picosecond pulse laser device, and pulsewidth is 60ps.
7. the high-precision laser range-finding device based on picosecond pulse laser as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, what described laser instrument (1) adopted is Nd:YAG picosecond pulse laser device, and pulsewidth is 100ps.
8. the high-precision laser range-finding device based on picosecond pulse laser as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, what described laser instrument (1) adopted is Nd:YAG picosecond pulse laser device, and pulse repetition rate is 20Hz.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN103364790A (en) * | 2013-07-18 | 2013-10-23 | 武汉海达数云技术有限公司 | Pulse laser distance measurement system and method based on waveform time domain registration analysis |
| CN104865576A (en) * | 2015-06-01 | 2015-08-26 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Compact ultra short pulse laser remote ranging system and ranging method thereof |
| CN107907885A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-04-13 | 北京华航无线电测量研究所 | A kind of Underwater Target Detection device based on single-photon counting method |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103364790A (en) * | 2013-07-18 | 2013-10-23 | 武汉海达数云技术有限公司 | Pulse laser distance measurement system and method based on waveform time domain registration analysis |
| CN103364790B (en) * | 2013-07-18 | 2015-09-02 | 武汉海达数云技术有限公司 | A kind of method that pulsed laser ranging system analyzed based on waveform time domain registration is found range |
| CN104865576A (en) * | 2015-06-01 | 2015-08-26 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Compact ultra short pulse laser remote ranging system and ranging method thereof |
| CN107907885A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-04-13 | 北京华航无线电测量研究所 | A kind of Underwater Target Detection device based on single-photon counting method |
| CN107907885B (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2020-03-27 | 北京华航无线电测量研究所 | Underwater target detection device based on single photon counting method |
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Application publication date: 20120118 |