CN102323503A - Method for detecting inrush current distortion of transformer based on Rogowski coil - Google Patents

Method for detecting inrush current distortion of transformer based on Rogowski coil Download PDF

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CN102323503A
CN102323503A CN201110224368A CN201110224368A CN102323503A CN 102323503 A CN102323503 A CN 102323503A CN 201110224368 A CN201110224368 A CN 201110224368A CN 201110224368 A CN201110224368 A CN 201110224368A CN 102323503 A CN102323503 A CN 102323503A
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distortion
transformer
current
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luo
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CN102323503B (en
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叶曙光
郭泉
贺枫
张志刚
李春
王宇森
常新平
汪斌
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JIANGSU LINYANG MICROGRID TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.
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JIANGSU JINSIYUAN ELECTRIC TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
JIANGSU JINSIYUAN ELECTRIC CO Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for detecting inrush current distortion of a transformer based on a Rogowski coil, which belongs to the technical field of relay protection of electric power systems. The method comprises the following steps of: measuring primary side current of the transformer to acquire a differential voltage analog signal; acquiring a corresponding differential voltage digital signal; judging whether abnormal current occurs or not; performing cosine window-added Fourier transform on the differential voltage digital signal to solve effective values of every-time harmonic waves; calculating the degree of distortion, namely judging whether inrush current occurs or not according to the degree of distortion, and the like. By the method, the conditions that incorrect tripping of differential protection during on-load switch-on of the transformer is prevented and exciting current and fault current are strictly distinguished are ensured, a criterion value has extremely high redundancy, and the degree of distortion is accurately and reliably determined.

Description

Inrush current of transformer distortion detection method based on Luo-coil
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of differentiating the transformer abnormal cause, especially a kind of inrush current of transformer distortion detection method based on Luo-coil belongs to the relay protection of power system technical field.
Background technology
Luo-coil be a kind of employing with lead equably on the uniform nonmagnetic substance framework in cross section; Let the lead that is connected with big electric current vertically pass the center of coil; Through the variation of the magnetic flux that tested current produced, induce the measurement mechanism that can react the voltage signal of tested size of current.The voltage signal that secondary side induces is the micro component of the big electric current of primary side, so Luo-coil has derivative characteristic.
In tranformer protection of today, because differential protection performance is good, and some other advanced resist technology cost is high, and it is difficult to realize, so differential protection is the main salvo of present transformer.
Transformer can produce excitation surge current when idle-loaded switching-on, the distortion current when this shoves and breaks down with transformer has false similarity, causes the relay equipment malfunction easily.Therefore need be to shoving and fault current is differentiated.Mature methods has at present: the method for quadratic harmonics; The balancing waveform method; Interval angle detection method etc.
Because the work magnetic of transformer core properties of materials, iron core is close, the switching angle when saturation magnetic induction, remanent magnetism, air-drop or the like (wherein remanent magnetism and switching angle are at random), all can influence transformer magnetizing current in various degree and distort.Therefore, the distortion degree of shoving is not unique, and the characteristic quantity that needs to detect also is uncertain.Though other harmonic wave proportions are bigger relatively for the shared first-harmonic ratio of second harmonic in the excitation surge current, have uncertainty, can change within the specific limits.Under the lower situation of the degree of shoving, the very low situation of second harmonic content might occur, thereby be prone to cause the protective device malfunction.
The definite value of interval angle generally is taken between 60 degree-70 degree, and this can only guarantee that saturation magnetic induction and the close ratio of work magnetic are 1.1-1.3, and remanent magnetism is 0.5 left and right sides Shi Keyong.Interval angle is also very big with the variation of excitation factors vary in fact, possibly almost not have the appearance of interval angle sometimes.Waveform symmetry can only be applied in the even-order harmonic braking that occurs under the symmetrical situation of shoving; Under some specific situation, just can occur; And when overexcitation appears in transformer,, also can't use the waveform symmetry method to differentiate excitation surge current though its excitation current waveform is symmetrical.In a word, the distortion that present the whole bag of tricks all only shoves from some aspects reflection of current distortion degree, therefore the distortion situation that does not have reflection comprehensively to shove all has tangible limitation, and redundance is lower, occurs malfunction or action delay easily.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is: to the limitation of above-mentioned existing inrush current of transformer distortion detection method existence; Propose a kind of inrush current of transformer distortion detection method based on Luo-coil that can reflect more comprehensively that the distortion degree of shoving, redundance are high, thereby significantly improve the differential protection performance factor.
In order to achieve the above object; The applicant is carrying out finding behind the off-line analysis to the transformer excitation flow recorder data; When adopting Fourier transform (FFT) to ask the effective value of each harmonic; Carry out Fourier transform behind the first differential again if will shove, then find
Figure 2011102243682100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
subharmonic effective value has been enlarged doubly.Associate thus.If the differentiation of shoving when utilizing the harmonic wave effective value enlarged to carry out transient state; Then the redundance of criterion will significantly improve; The derivative characteristic that combines Luo-coil more promptly utilizes Luo-coil that the big electric current of transformer primary side is measured, and the harmonic wave of the differentiated voltage signal that obtains is carried out multianalysis; New criterion as inrush current of transformer is differentiated then can reach the foregoing invention purpose in theory.
On this understanding basis, the inrush current of transformer distortion detection method based on Luo-coil that the applicant proposes may further comprise the steps:
The first step, by Luo-coil measuring transformer primary side current
Figure 261378DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
, obtain differential voltage simulating signal
Figure 2011102243682100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
;
Second the step, differential voltage simulating signal
Figure 931394DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
is carried out analog to digital conversion and Filtering Processing, obtain corresponding differential voltage digital signal
Figure 918417DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
(
Figure 2011102243682100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
; Requirement according to existing sampling precision; The value of
Figure 105815DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
generally is taken as 20, i.e. 20 points of a cycle sampling);
Figure 2011102243682100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
The 3rd step, according to the criterion of in the differential protection abnormal current being judged (usually when difference of phase currents greater than 0.5
Figure 622247DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
---
Figure 338531DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
is differential definite value; Perhaps be on duty stream greater than 0.8
Figure 409255DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
; Judge that then abnormal current appears in transformer); Judge whether to occur abnormal current; Then carry out next step in this way, as otherwise return the first step;
The 4th step, from first cycle behind the abnormal current occurring; Differential voltage digital signal
Figure 993820DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
is handled through the Fourier transform that adds Cosine Window, obtained each harmonic effective value
Figure 2011102243682100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
(
Figure 240125DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
;
Figure 2011102243682100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
), with harmonic wave effective value
Figure 251943DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
the substitution computes degree of distortion
Figure 950909DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
:
Figure 2011102243682100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
Where:
Figure 339165DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
(
Figure 439976DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
) for the transient differential voltage signal when the first
Figure 622696DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
a cycle first
Figure 2011102243682100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
harmonics RMS;
Figure 904DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
is the sampling number of a cycle;
Figure 549697DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
for the first one cycle of the fundamental rms;
Figure 44264DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
exists during for transient state the cycle number of harmonic wave (because the decay of transformer transient state obviously; So
Figure 842455DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
for there being preceding
Figure 179371DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
individual cycle of obvious transient state situation, the value of
Figure 848250DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
generally is taken as 3);
The 5th goes on foot, judges whether to occur shoving according to the degree of distortion
Figure 638352DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
; When
Figure 533626DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
then is judged to be excitation surge current greater than threshold values; Then be judged to be internal fault (threshold values differentiated of the degree of distortion of shoving can pass through experiment and obtain, experimental verification to try to achieve be 12.5) repeatedly less than threshold values.
The present invention adopts fast Fourier (FFT) algorithm that adds the Cosine Window interpolation accurately to obtain the effective value of differentiated voltage signal flow control
Figure 536217DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
individual cycle
Figure 590761DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
subharmonic; Ask the ratio of harmonic wave total amount
Figure 161551DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
Figure 2011102243682100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
and first-harmonic effective value
Figure 934335DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
again; This ratio is the degree of distortion of shoving
Figure 259454DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
(
Figure 391358DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
=
Figure 2011102243682100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
) of
Figure 881562DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
individual cycle; (
Figure 136777DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
) asks root-mean-square value
Figure 41279DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
to
Figure 261225DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
then, the degree of distortion value of shoving when the value of promptly using
Figure 547347DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
defines transient state.The high real-time of considering transformer differential protection requires and the excitation surge current characteristics of decay fast, and when choosing unusual cycle data window (the 4th go on foot choose unusual cycle data window), the data of choosing first three cycle are comparatively suitable.
Compared with prior art; Remarkable substantive distinguishing features one of the present invention is by the big current signal of Luo-coil measuring transformer primary side; Obtain reacting the differentiated voltage signal of big current signal characteristic; This voltage signal is carried out frequency analysis, to the numerical value of harmonic content effective value enlarge with the redundance that enlarges criterion with strengthen its validity; The 2nd, adopt Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) (FFT) algorithm that adds Cosine Window accurately to calculate the effective value of each harmonic, this algorithm is a kind of improvement algorithm that proposes to the not high shortcoming of conventional fast fourier transform (FFT) algorithm accuracy; The 3rd, finally confirm the degree of distortion value of shoving with the root mean square method, can reduce the error of calculation effectively.
When abnormal current is fault current; Because harmonic content is minimum; Ratio
Figure 294723DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
can be very little; And it is can not become multiple to change, so constant basically through the each harmonic effective value behind the Luo-coil differential for harmonic wave effective value before and after the differential; When being excitation surge current; Contain a large amount of integral frequency harmonizing waves;
Figure 583753DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
value will be very big; For the micro component behind the process Luo-coil differential;
Figure 144364DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
subharmonic effective value before than differential enlarges
Figure 582299DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
to its
Figure 936237DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
subharmonic effective value doubly, and the degree of distortion value of shoving that then obtains will enlarge several times (value through evidence
Figure 675020DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
will enlarge 3-4 times); Therefore being easy to distinguish transformer current according to the size of the degree of distortion
Figure 413169DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
is fault electric current or excitation surge current when unusual.And the degree of distortion
Figure 526618DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
has reflected the distortion degree of inrush current of transformer all sidedly; Therefore can guarantee differential protection not malfunction when no-load transformer closes a floodgate reliably; And strict exciting current and the fault current distinguished; Criterion value has very high redundance; Judge accurately reliably, so the present invention has outstanding progress.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is the system flowchart of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is three-phase and door mode of braking structural representation.
Fig. 3 is one of sampled data oscillogram before the differential.
Fig. 4 is one of harmonic wave effective value chart of first three unusual cycle before the differential.
Fig. 5 is for adding one of Luo-coil differential post-sampling data waveform figure.
Fig. 6 is one of harmonic wave effective value chart of first three unusual cycle behind the differential.
Fig. 7 is two of the preceding sampled data oscillogram of differential.
Fig. 8 be first, second and third cycle of unusual back harmonic wave effective value chart two.
Fig. 9 is for adding two of Luo-coil differential post-sampling data waveform figure.
Figure 10 be first three unusual cycle behind the differential harmonic wave effective value chart two.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
The main flow process based on the inrush current of transformer of Luo-coil distortion detection method of present embodiment is as shown in Figure 1, calculates output element by Luo-coil measurement links, analog to digital conversion and filtering link, the degree of distortion and constitutes.The concrete steps of each link are following:
1, adopts Luo-coil at measuring section; The big electric current of measuring transformer primary side
Figure 855444DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
obtains differentiated voltage signal
Figure 610910DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
;
2,
Figure 344511DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
sent into analog to digital conversion and filtering (with prior art roughly the same; The method of existing many maturations is not given unnecessary details in addition) link obtains digital signal
Figure 628862DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
(
Figure 306968DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
after handling; The sampling number of
Figure 741492DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
cycle);
Figure 923074DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
3, judge whether to occur abnormal current according to the criterion of in the differential protection abnormal current being judged; If abnormal current then gets into the calculating link in following the 4th step; When difference of phase currents greater than 0.5
Figure 909485DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
(
Figure 215832DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
is differential definite value); Perhaps be on duty stream greater than 0.8 , judge that then abnormal current appears in transformer;
4,
Figure 349190DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
through the Fourier transform that adding Cosine Window, obtain each harmonic effective value
Figure 381868DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
(
Figure 503408DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
; ), with calculating the degree of distortion
Figure 764122DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
in harmonic wave effective value
Figure 560543DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
the substitution degree of distortion solution formula.
The high real-time of considering transformer differential protection requires the quick decay property with transformer excitation flow; First three cycle that occurs according to shoving is abundant and comprehensive to the comparison of harmonic information reaction; In the practice of differential protection, an intercepting occurs the sampled data of first three cycle of back unusually and calculates; SF is 1000HZ in transformer differential protection, and promptly sampling number is 20 points, and this is enough to satisfy the calculation requirement that the transformer difference is protected.For the cycle is the excitation surge current of 20 sampled points; The value of its higher hamonic wave is very little in fact; Obtain the effective value of preceding 10 subharmonic according to Fast Fourier Transform (FFT); Only get final product so participate in the harmonic wave effective value of computing, then the value of
Figure 904117DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
with getting 2-10 time:
Figure 812030DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
Try to achieve through lots of emulation and test:
The threshold limit value value of <img file=" 229236DEST_PATH_IMAGE012.GIF " he=" 18 " img-content=" drawing " img-format=" jpg " inline=" no " orientation=" portrait " wi=" 17 " /> can get 12.5; Promptly as <img file=" 728350DEST_PATH_IMAGE012.GIF " he=" 18 " img-content=" drawing " img-format=" jpg " inline=" no " orientation=" portrait " wi=" 17 " >be judged as excitation surge current 12.5 the time, <be judged as fault current 12.5 the time as <img file=" 824482DEST_PATH_IMAGE012.GIF " he=" 18 " img-content=" drawing " img-format=" jpg " inline=" no " orientation=" portrait " wi=" 17 " />.
As shown in Figure 2, can adopt three-phase AND gate mode of braking to carry out the differential protection of transformer three-phase, can guarantee that like this transformer main protection can malfunction when air-drop.Ra, rb, rc are respectively A, B, the C three phase excitation judged result of shoving among the figure, r be ra, rb, rc with result's (rc is a true or false according to the judged result value of A, B, C three-phase for ra, rb).
Be that example describes with two groups of real recorder datas below.
Fig. 3 to Fig. 6 is that the recorder data behind the flat IB3 phase excitation surge current of stubble unusual is analyzed.Wherein Fig. 3, Fig. 4 calculate the degree of distortion: the R=25.94 that shoves by degree of distortion computing formula of the present invention; Fig. 5, Fig. 6 calculate the degree of distortion: the R=81.08 that shoves by degree of distortion computing formula of the present invention
Fig. 7 to Figure 10 is the recorder data analysis of Yinchuan new city fault current after unusual.Wherein Fig. 7, Fig. 8 draw degree of distortion value: the R=1.92 that shoves after calculating through the present invention; Fig. 9, Figure 10 draw degree of distortion value: the R=1.68 that shoves through after this algorithm computation.
Can prove that thus the method for present embodiment is practical, have enough validity and reliability.
Except that the foregoing description, the present invention can also have other embodiments.All employings are equal to the technical scheme of replacement or equivalent transformation formation, all drop on the protection domain of requirement of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. one kind based on the inrush current of transformer of Luo-coil distortion detection method, it is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
The first step, by Luo-coil measuring transformer primary side current
Figure 226776DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
, obtain differential voltage simulating signal
Figure 169324DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
;
Second the step, differential voltage simulating signal
Figure 138417DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
is carried out analog to digital conversion and Filtering Processing, obtain corresponding differential voltage digital signal
Figure 965559DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
;
Figure 969287DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
The 3rd step, according to the criterion of in the differential protection abnormal current being judged, judge whether to occur abnormal current, then carry out next step in this way, as otherwise return the first step;
The 4th step, from first cycle behind the abnormal current occurring; Differential voltage digital signal
Figure 220752DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
is handled through the Fourier transform that adds Cosine Window; Obtain each harmonic effective value
Figure 145983DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
, with harmonic wave effective value
Figure 901449DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
the substitution computes degree of distortion
Figure 635050DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
:
Where: (
Figure 625506DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
) for the transient differential voltage signal when the first
Figure 2011102243682100001DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
a cycle
Figure 744771DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
first
Figure 200024DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
harmonics RMS;
is the sampling number of a cycle;
is the first
Figure 46254DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
one cycle of the fundamental rms;
There is the cycle number of harmonic wave during for transient state in
Figure 672407DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
;
The 5th goes on foot, judges whether to occur shoving according to the degree of distortion
Figure 590685DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
; When
Figure 101432DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
then is judged to be excitation surge current greater than threshold values, then be judged to be internal fault less than threshold values.
2. the inrush current of transformer distortion detection method based on Luo-coil according to claim 1; It is characterized in that:
Figure 585820DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
in the said differential voltage digital signal
Figure 257606DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
, the value of said
Figure 601180DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
is taken as 20.
3. the inrush current of transformer distortion detection method based on Luo-coil according to claim 2; It is characterized in that: the said criterion that abnormal current is judged be difference of phase currents whether greater than 0.5
Figure 774673DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
or poor stream whether greater than 0.8
Figure 316512DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
,
Figure 690993DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
is differential definite value.
4. the inrush current of transformer distortion detection method based on Luo-coil according to claim 3 is characterized in that: exist the value of the cycle number
Figure 787125DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
of harmonic wave to be taken as 3 during said transient state.
5. the inrush current of transformer distortion detection method based on Luo-coil according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: the threshold values that the said degree of distortion of shoving is differentiated is 12.5.
CN 201110224368 2011-08-05 2011-08-05 Method for detecting inrush current distortion of transformer based on Rogowski coil Expired - Fee Related CN102323503B (en)

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CN102798785A (en) * 2012-09-06 2012-11-28 南京南电继保自动化有限公司 Detection method for inrush current differential harmonic of transformer
CN103149470A (en) * 2013-01-29 2013-06-12 北京信息科技大学 Method of distinguishing transformer magnetizing rush current by transformer winding vibration
CN103869180A (en) * 2012-12-18 2014-06-18 施耐德电器工业公司 Prediction and detection method for current transformer saturation under sympathetic inrush current
CN104410044A (en) * 2014-12-02 2015-03-11 国家电网公司 Identification method for excitation surge current of transformer based on kurtosis and skewness
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CN102798785A (en) * 2012-09-06 2012-11-28 南京南电继保自动化有限公司 Detection method for inrush current differential harmonic of transformer
CN102798785B (en) * 2012-09-06 2015-05-06 南京南电继保自动化有限公司 Detection method for inrush current differential harmonic of transformer
CN103869180B (en) * 2012-12-18 2017-03-01 施耐德电器工业公司 Prediction with CT saturation under echo surge current and detection method
CN103869180A (en) * 2012-12-18 2014-06-18 施耐德电器工业公司 Prediction and detection method for current transformer saturation under sympathetic inrush current
CN103149470A (en) * 2013-01-29 2013-06-12 北京信息科技大学 Method of distinguishing transformer magnetizing rush current by transformer winding vibration
CN103149470B (en) * 2013-01-29 2015-04-22 北京信息科技大学 Method of distinguishing transformer magnetizing rush current by transformer winding vibration
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CN107765076B (en) * 2016-08-19 2021-01-15 中国电力科学研究院 Magnetizing inrush current identification method and device
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