CN102323315A - Carbon paste electrode based on doped polyphenylacetylene and carbon nano tube and preparation process of carbon paste electrode - Google Patents

Carbon paste electrode based on doped polyphenylacetylene and carbon nano tube and preparation process of carbon paste electrode Download PDF

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CN102323315A
CN102323315A CN201110149007A CN201110149007A CN102323315A CN 102323315 A CN102323315 A CN 102323315A CN 201110149007 A CN201110149007 A CN 201110149007A CN 201110149007 A CN201110149007 A CN 201110149007A CN 102323315 A CN102323315 A CN 102323315A
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polyphenylacetylene
carbon paste
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doping
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CN102323315B (en
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平建峰
吴坚
应义斌
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Abstract

The invention discloses a paste electrode based on doped polyphenylacetylene and a carbon nano tube. The paste electrode comprises carbon paste consisting of the carbon nano tube and the doped polyphenylacetylene, wherein the carbon nano tube accounts for 5-30 percent of the total mass of the carbon paste; and the doped polyphenylacetylene comprises a doping agent with a mol ratio of 0.01-0.15 and polyphenylacetylene monomers. The invention also discloses a preparation process of the electrode, which comprises the steps of: adding polyphenylacetylene into CHCl3 for fully dissolving, and then adding the doping agent to obtain the doped polyphenylacetylene; mixing the carbon nano tube with the doped polyphenylacetylene to obtain a uniform mixture, filling the mixture into an electrode sleeve, and compacting; then inserting an electrode lead behind the mixture to prepare a semi-finished product of the electrode; placing the semi-finished product in an oven and heating, controlling the temperature and the heating time of the oven, and cooling at normal temperature; and polishing the surface of the semi-finished product with weighing paper to obtain the carbon paste electrode. The paste electrode has the advantages of good conductivity, strong electrochemical activity and high stability.

Description

Carbon paste electrode and preparation technology thereof based on doping polyphenylacetylene and CNT
Technical field
The invention belongs to the electroanalysis field, relate in particular to a kind of carbon paste electrode and preparation technology thereof based on doping polyphenylacetylene and CNT.
Background technology
Electrochemical sensor has highly sensitive, characteristics such as selectivity good, detection time is short, the online detection of ability as a multidisciplinary interleaving techniques, a kind of strong analysis tool, progressively is used for environment and food safety detection at present.The Traditional electrochemical sensor generally with platinum, gold, glass carbon and graphite electrode etc. as working electrode, yet these electrode costs are higher, are not suitable for the electrochemical sensor of developing low-cost.Simultaneously; In the use of reality, because the macromolecular substances in electrolysate or the sample in the absorption of electrode surface, makes electrode surface produce passivation phenomenon; Reduce the chemical property of electrode and the repeatability of measurement result, thereby limited the practical application of sensor.
Carbon paste electrode is to utilize the dag of electric conductivity and the bonding agent of hydrophobic nature (like paraffin, silicone oil etc.) to be mixed and made into pastel, then it is coated in electrode bar surface or is packed in the electrode tube and one type of electrode processing.Such electrode has many good characteristics such as preparation is simple, with low cost, the surface has been upgraded, has been widely used in electroanalysis and has detected.But because traditional carbon paste electrode needs the higher bonding agent of content in the preparation process, like paraffin, this insulating material has greatly hindered the electron transfer process of electrode surface, reduces the sensitivity of electrode.Simultaneously, owing to adopt liquid organic material as bonding agent, the solidification effect of electrode is very poor, so mechanical strength of electrodes is poor, the life-span short, can not be applied in the current system with living body measurement in.
In recent years, discover the bonding agent of solid conductive material as carbon paste electrode, the physical strength and the stability of intensifier electrode greatly improve the electric conductivity and the electrochemical activity of electrode simultaneously.Polyphenylacetylene is a kind of important conducting polymer, has excellent conducting performance, and its molecular formula is:
It is shocking that polyphenylacetylene is after mixing, its electric conductivity promotes rapidly.Liang Dan, Han Fei Fei, Wang Hongmin, Tang Guoqiang, Ye Jian, Wuling Juan, XU Xue-cheng. Bromine vapor doped conductive properties polyphenylacetylene [J]. East China Normal University, 2009, (4) :124-130. Raised through bromine vapor adsorption, adsorption polyphenylacetylene conductivity than bromine ago by nearly 12 orders of magnitude.Usually, be called the doping polyphenylacetylene by the material after polyphenylacetylene monomer and the adulterant doping.
In addition, aspect material with carbon element self, along with the development of material science, many other allotropes of carbon are synthesized in succession, like mesoporous carbon, fullerene, CNT etc. in recent years.Simultaneously, many scientific researches show that these materials have some special performances with respect to graphite, have high electron conduction and electro catalytic activity like CNT, and this makes CNT be more suitable in the preparation work electrode than graphite.
Patent publication No. CN 101710093A discloses a kind of novel carbon paste electrode and preparation method thereof.Carbon paste is bonded through triphenylamine by the material with carbon element powder of conduction.The preparation method comprises: the material with carbon element and the triphenylamine of conduction are mixed fully grinding of back, mix; Uniform potpourri is filled in compacting in the clean electrode sleeve pipe, insert lead, process the semi-manufacture of said electrode thereafter; The semi-manufacture of processing place baking oven to heat, and after material with carbon element to be conducted electricity and triphenylamine combine, place cooling under the normal temperature.But this patent is to be bonding agent with the triphenylamine.Required heating-up temperature is higher in the triphenylamine processing procedure.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of carbon paste electrode based on doping polyphenylacetylene and CNT, the doping polyphenylacetylene that will have high conductivity improves performances such as electrode conductivuty, electrochemical activity, stability as bonding agent.
A kind of carbon paste electrode based on doping polyphenylacetylene and CNT; Form by electrode sleeve pipe, contact conductor and the carbon paste that is filled in the electrode sleeve pipe; Described carbon paste is made up of CNT and doping polyphenylacetylene, and described CNT accounts for the 5%-30% of carbon paste quality; Described doping polyphenylacetylene is made up of adulterant and polyphenylacetylene monomer, and wherein said adulterant and described polyphenylacetylene monomer mole ratio are 0.01-0.15.
Preferably, the adulterant of described doping polyphenylacetylene is I 2Or Br 2
Preferably, described adulterant and described polyphenylacetylene monomer mole ratio are 0.01-0.15.
In addition, the present invention also provides the preparation technology of said carbon paste electrode based on doping polyphenylacetylene and CNT, and it may further comprise the steps:
(1) polyphenylacetylene is added CHCl 3In, the full back of dissolving adds described adulterant, and is airtight and shake up, and the room temperature held is treated CHCl 3Evaporate into do after, obtain the polyphenylacetylene that mixes;
(2) CNT and doping polyphenylacetylene are fully ground, mix, obtain uniform potpourri, wherein CNT accounts for the 5%-30% of carbon paste gross mass;
(3) potpourri that obtains after will grinding is filled in the said electrode sleeve pipe, and compacting, inserts said contact conductor at the back at described potpourri then, processes the semi-manufacture of said electrode;
(4) semi-manufacture that subsequently step (3) obtained place baking oven to heat, and control oven temperature and heat time heating time, the heating back is taken out and placed cooling under the normal temperature;
(5) with pan paper the said surface of semi-finished after handling through step (4) is polished, obtain described carbon paste electrode at last.
Preferably, in the step (2), described CNT accounts for 10% of carbon paste general assembly (TW).The carbon paste electrode that so makes has higher electro catalytic activity and reaches electronics speed faster.
Wherein, in the step (2), described CNT comprises SWCN, multi-walled carbon nano-tubes and both potpourris.
Wherein, in the step (3), used electrode sleeve pipe is a glass tube, or the hollow tube of being processed by macromolecular materials such as teflon; Described contact conductor is generally copper conductor, and conductive effect is good.
Wherein, in the step (4), oven temperature is between 65 ℃ and 90 ℃, and be 3-5 minute heat time heating time.
The doping polyphenylacetylene that the present invention will never be used for electrode preparation is incorporated into carbon nanotube electrode manufacturing process, serves as bonding agent.The present invention is based on the carbon paste electrode of doping polyphenylacetylene and CNT, have electric conductivity height, strong, the stable high series of advantages of electrochemical activity, expanded the range of application of this type of electrode widely.And, in the electrode use,, can also utilize pan paper that this electrode surface is carried out polishing as finding that electrode surface has dirt, obtain new electrode surface, can reuse.This electrode is made simple, and is easy and simple to handle, and favorable reproducibility is with low cost, is very suitable for developing stable, electrochemical sensor cheaply.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of carbon paste electrode provided by the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a carbon paste electrode provided by the present invention at sodium phosphate buffer (0.1mol/L, the cyclic voltammetry scan figure in pH=7.0); Sweep speed is 50mV/s; Used CNT is a multi-walled carbon nano-tubes in this electrode, and the mass ratio of CNT and doping polyphenylacetylene is 1: 9;
Fig. 3 is that carbon paste electrode provided by the present invention and other two kinds of carbon paste electrodes are at the potassium ferricyanide (1 * 10 -3Mol/L) the cyclic voltammetry scan figure in the solution; Sweep speed is 50mV/s; A is the conventional carbon paste electrode round robin curve of (dag and paraffinum liquidum are formed, mass ratio 7: 3); B is the round robin curve of the carbon paste electrode (CNT and paraffinum liquidum are formed, mass ratio 7: 3) based on CNT; C is the round robin curve based on the carbon paste electrode of doping polyphenylacetylene and CNT; Used CNT is a multi-walled carbon nano-tubes in this electrode, and the mass ratio of CNT and doping polyphenylacetylene is 1: 9;
Fig. 4 is that carbon paste electrode provided by the present invention and conventional carbon paste electrode are at youngster's phenol (1 * 10 -3Mol/L) the cyclic voltammetry scan figure in the solution; Sweep speed is 50mV/s; Damping fluid be sodium phosphate buffer (0.1mol/L, pH=7.0); A is the conventional carbon paste electrode round robin curve of (dag and paraffinum liquidum are formed, mass ratio 7: 3); B is the round robin curve based on the carbon paste electrode of doping polyphenylacetylene and CNT; Used CNT is a multi-walled carbon nano-tubes in this electrode, and the mass ratio of CNT and doping polyphenylacetylene is 1: 9;
Fig. 5 be provided by the present invention based on the different quality proportioning process based on the carbon paste electrode of doping polyphenylacetylene and CNT at the potassium ferricyanide (1 * 10 -3Mol/L) with 0.1mol/L Klorvess Liquid solution in cyclic voltammetry scan figure; Sweep speed is 50mV/s; A is that mass ratio is the scan round curve that carbon paste electrode obtained of 3: 7 (CNT and doping polyphenylacetylene); B is that mass ratio is the scan round curve that carbon paste electrode obtained of 2: 8 (CNT and doping polyphenylacetylene); C is that mass ratio is the scan round curve that carbon paste electrode obtained of 0.5: 9.5 (CNT and doping polyphenylacetylene).
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is described in further detail, should be understood that following examples are merely exemplary, do not limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of carbon paste electrode based on doping polyphenylacetylene and CNT mainly is made up of contact conductor 1, glass tube 2 and the carbon pastes 3 that are filled in the glass tube 2.Contact conductor 1 is generally copper wire, and glass tube 2 internal diameters are 1.8mm, and carbon paste 3 is fully to be mixed by 0.10g carbon nanotube powders and 0.90g doping polyphenylacetylene.
Preparation method based on the carbon paste electrode of this ratio is following: (molecular weight is 10 at first to take by weighing about 0.5g polyphenylacetylene 3To 10 5The order of magnitude), add 8ml CHCl 3, the full back of dissolving adds adulterant I 2, doping is controlled at 1/100 adulterant and monomer mole ratio, and is airtight immediately and shake up, and solution all becomes orange black immediately.After the room temperature held four hours, the unlimited CHCl that lets 3Naturally evaporate into driedly, obtain the polyphenylacetylene that mixes.
Take by weighing 0.10g carbon nanotube powders and 0.90g doping polyphenylacetylene then, and be placed in mortar, make it abundant grinding, mixing with pestle; After mixing; Fill in the glass tube 2 and compacting, in baking oven, heated 3 minutes then, temperature is controlled at about 65 ℃; Take out afterwards and cool off half an hour at normal temperatures, make carbon paste electrode based on doping polyphenylacetylene and CNT.As a comparison, prepared with the CNT carbon paste electrode of whiteruss as bonding agent, it is mixed and made into by 0.70g carbon nanotube powders and 0.30g paraffinum liquidum; Also prepared traditional carbon paste electrode simultaneously, it is mixed by 0.70g dag and 0.30g paraffinum liquidum.
With prepared carbon paste electrode based on doping polyphenylacetylene and CNT place sodium phosphate buffer (0.1mol/L, pH=7.0) in, to+1.5V potential range, carry out cyclic voltammetry scanning at-1.5V, sweep speed is 50mV/s, records the result and sees Fig. 2.As can be seen from Figure 2, in this scanning potential range, no tangible redox peak on the response current curve explains that the doping polyphenylacetylene is an electrochemical stability, can be as the bonding agent of carbon paste electrode.Simultaneously, it can also be seen that this carbon paste electrode based on doping polyphenylacetylene and CNT has the lower background current and the electrochemical window of broad.In addition, be accompanied by the continuous multiple scanning of electromotive force, the not obvious variation of response current explains that this carbon paste electrode based on doping polyphenylacetylene and CNT has good stability.
The prepared carbon paste electrode based on doping polyphenylacetylene and CNT is placed 1 * 10 -3In the mol/L potassium ferricyanide and the 0.1mol/L Klorvess Liquid, to+0.5V potential range, carry out cyclic voltammetry scanning at-0.2V, sweep speed is 50mV/s, and measured result sees Fig. 3.Among Fig. 3, a is the conventional carbon paste electrode round robin curve of (dag and paraffinum liquidum are formed, mass ratio 7: 3); B is the round robin curve of the carbon paste electrode (CNT and paraffinum liquidum are formed, mass ratio 7: 3) based on CNT; C is the round robin curve of present embodiment based on the carbon paste electrode of doping polyphenylacetylene and CNT.As can be seen from Figure 3; The potassium ferricyanide greater than other the two kinds of resulting redox of carbon paste electrode peaks, explains that the carbon paste electrode based on CNT and doping polyphenylacetylene has higher electro catalytic activity at the lip-deep redox of the carbon paste electrode of present embodiment doping polyphenylacetylene and CNT peak.Simultaneously, can also from figure, find out that the electric potential difference at redox peak is minimum at the carbon paste electrode based on doping polyphenylacetylene and CNT, explain that this carbon paste electrode based on doping polyphenylacetylene and CNT has electron transfer process faster.Therefore, utilize the bonding agent of doping polyphenylacetylene, have better chemical property than traditional paraffinum liquidum bonding agent as carbon paste electrode.
The prepared carbon paste electrode based on doping polyphenylacetylene and CNT is placed 1 * 10 -3In the mol/L phenol solution, to+0.6V potential range, carry out cyclic voltammetry scanning at-0.1V, sweep speed is 50mV/s, and measured result sees Fig. 4.Among Fig. 4, a is the conventional carbon paste electrode round robin curve of (dag and paraffinum liquidum are formed, mass ratio 7: 3); B is the response curve of present embodiment based on the carbon paste electrode of doping polyphenylacetylene and CNT.Can see significantly that from Fig. 4 youngster's phenol can obtain tangible redox peak at present embodiment on based on the carbon paste electrode of doping polyphenylacetylene and CNT.The redox of contrast youngster phenol on conventional carbon paste electrode (dag and paraffinum liquidum are formed, mass ratio 7: 3), it has better electrochemical reversibility on the carbon paste electrode of present embodiment doping polyphenylacetylene and CNT.Therefore, the carbon paste electrode that CNT and doping polyphenylacetylene are mixed and made into has high electron transfer rate, effectively the electrooxidation of catalysis biological molecule and electro-reduction process.
In the electrode use, as finding that electrode surface has dirt, can utilize pan paper that electrode surface is carried out polishing, obtain new electrode surface, can reuse.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of carbon paste electrode based on doping polyphenylacetylene and CNT, structure is identical with embodiment 1, except that the described carbon paste 3 of present embodiment be fully mix by 0.20g carbon nanotube powders and 0.80g doping polyphenylacetylene.
Preparation method based on the carbon paste electrode of this ratio is following: (molecular weight is 10 at first to take by weighing about 0.5g polyphenylacetylene 3To 10 5The order of magnitude), add 8ml CHCl 3, the full back of dissolving adds adulterant I 2, doping is controlled at 15/100 adulterant and monomer mole ratio, and is airtight immediately and shake up, and solution all becomes orange black immediately.After the room temperature held four hours, the unlimited CHCl that lets 3Naturally evaporate into driedly, obtain the polyphenylacetylene that mixes.
Take by weighing 0.20g carbon nanotube powders and 0.80g doping polyphenylacetylene then; And it is fully mixed; Fill in the glass tube 2 and compacting, in baking oven, heated 3 minutes then, temperature is controlled at about 90 ℃; Take out afterwards and cool off half an hour at normal temperatures, make carbon paste electrode based on doping polyphenylacetylene and CNT.
The prepared carbon paste electrode based on doping polyphenylacetylene and CNT is placed 1 * 10 -3In the mol/L potassium ferricyanide and the 0.1mol/L Klorvess Liquid, to+0.5V potential range, carry out cyclic voltammetry scanning at-0.2V, sweep speed is 50mV/s, and measured result sees the b line among Fig. 5.B line from Fig. 5 can be seen tangible potassium ferricyanide redox peak, and the peak electric potential difference is very little.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of carbon paste electrode based on doping polyphenylacetylene and CNT, structure is identical with embodiment 1, except that the described carbon paste 3 of present embodiment be fully mix by 0.30g carbon nanotube powders and 0.70g doping polyphenylacetylene.
Preparation method based on the carbon paste electrode of this ratio is following: (molecular weight is 10 at first to take by weighing about 0.5g polyphenylacetylene 3To 10 5The order of magnitude), add 8ml CHCl 3, the full back of dissolving adds adulterant Br 2, doping is controlled at 1/100 adulterant and monomer mole ratio, and is airtight immediately and shake up, and solution all becomes orange black immediately.After the room temperature held four hours, the unlimited CHCl that lets 3Naturally evaporate into driedly, obtain the polyphenylacetylene that mixes.
Take by weighing 0.30g carbon nanotube powders and 0.70g doping polyphenylacetylene then; And it is fully mixed; Fill in the glass tube 2 and compacting, in baking oven, heated 3 minutes then, temperature is controlled at about 75 ℃; Take out afterwards and cool off half an hour at normal temperatures, make carbon paste electrode based on doping polyphenylacetylene and CNT.
The same with embodiment 2, the carbon paste electrode based on doping polyphenylacetylene and CNT for preparing is placed 1 * 10 -3In the mol/L potassium ferricyanide and the 0.1mol/L Klorvess Liquid, to+0.5V potential range, carry out cyclic voltammetry scanning at-0.2V, sweep speed is 50mV/s, and measured result sees a line among Fig. 5.A line from Fig. 5 can be seen tangible potassium ferricyanide redox peak, and the peak electric potential difference is very little.
Embodiment 4:
A kind of carbon paste electrode based on doping polyphenylacetylene and CNT, structure is identical with embodiment 1, except that the described carbon paste 3 of present embodiment be fully mix by 0.05g carbon nanotube powders and 0.95g doping polyphenylacetylene.
Preparation method based on the carbon paste electrode of this ratio is following: (molecular weight is 10 at first to take by weighing about 0.5g polyphenylacetylene 3To 10 5The order of magnitude), add 8ml CHCl 3, the full back of dissolving adds adulterant Br 2, doping is controlled at 15/100 adulterant and monomer mole ratio, and is airtight immediately and shake up, and solution all becomes orange black immediately.
Take by weighing 0.05g carbon nanotube powders and 0.95g doping polyphenylacetylene then; And it is fully mixed; Fill in the glass tube 2 and compacting, in baking oven, heated 3 minutes then, temperature is controlled at about 65 ℃; Take out afterwards and cool off half an hour at normal temperatures, make carbon paste electrode based on doping polyphenylacetylene and CNT.
The same with embodiment 2 or 3, the carbon paste electrode based on doping polyphenylacetylene and CNT for preparing is placed 1 * 10 -3In the mol/L potassium ferricyanide and the 0.1mol/L Klorvess Liquid, to+0.5V potential range, carry out cyclic voltammetry scanning at-0.2V, measured result sees the c line among Fig. 5.C line from Fig. 5 can be seen tangible potassium ferricyanide redox peak, and the peak electric potential difference is very little.

Claims (6)

1. carbon paste electrode based on doping polyphenylacetylene and CNT; Form by electrode sleeve pipe, contact conductor and the carbon paste that is filled in the electrode sleeve pipe; It is characterized in that: described carbon paste is made up of CNT and doping polyphenylacetylene, and described CNT accounts for the 5%-30% of carbon paste gross mass; Described doping polyphenylacetylene is made up of adulterant and polyphenylacetylene monomer, and described adulterant and described polyphenylacetylene monomer mole ratio are 0.01-0.15.
2. the carbon paste electrode based on doping polyphenylacetylene and CNT according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described adulterant is I 2Or Br 2
3. the carbon paste electrode based on doping polyphenylacetylene and CNT according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described CNT accounts for 10% of carbon paste gross mass.
4. the preparation technology of the carbon paste electrode based on doping polyphenylacetylene and CNT according to claim 1 may further comprise the steps:
(1) polyphenylacetylene is added CHCl 3In, the full back of dissolving adds described adulterant, and is airtight and shake up, and the room temperature held is treated CHCl 3Evaporate into do after, obtain described doping polyphenylacetylene;
(2) CNT and doping polyphenylacetylene are fully ground, mix, obtain uniform potpourri, wherein CNT accounts for the 5%-30% of carbon paste gross mass;
(3) potpourri that obtains is filled in the said electrode sleeve pipe, and compacting, behind described potpourri, insert said contact conductor then, process the semi-manufacture of said electrode;
(4) semi-manufacture that subsequently step (3) obtained place baking oven to heat, and control oven temperature and heat time heating time, the heating back is taken out and placed cooling under the normal temperature;
(5) with pan paper the said surface of semi-finished after handling through step (4) is polished, obtain described carbon paste electrode at last.
5. preparation technology according to claim 4 is characterized in that: in the described step (2), CNT accounts for 10% of carbon paste gross mass.
6. preparation technology according to claim 4 is characterized in that: in the described step (4), oven temperature is between 65 ℃ and 90 ℃, and be 3-5 minute heat time heating time.
CN 201110149007 2011-06-03 2011-06-03 Carbon paste electrode based on doped polyphenylacetylene and carbon nano tube and preparation process of carbon paste electrode Expired - Fee Related CN102323315B (en)

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