CN102320567B - Method capable of completely cracking alcohol into alcohol hydrogen - Google Patents
Method capable of completely cracking alcohol into alcohol hydrogen Download PDFInfo
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- CN102320567B CN102320567B CN201110147005.3A CN201110147005A CN102320567B CN 102320567 B CN102320567 B CN 102320567B CN 201110147005 A CN201110147005 A CN 201110147005A CN 102320567 B CN102320567 B CN 102320567B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method capable of completely cracking alcohol into alcohol hydrogen, namely a method used in a system for cracking alcohol into alcohol hydrogen serving as a fuel. The method is characterized in that: (1) the flowing direction of hot waste gas is vertical to the flowing direction of alcohol vapor in a cracker, and the initial catalyst when the alcohol vapor enters the cracker and the tail catalyst when the alcohol hydrogen leaves the cracker are positioned on the same isothermal heating line; (2) temperature measurement instruments are respectively arranged at four corners in the front, rear, left and right catalyst of the cracker, temperatures are displayed on a display screen, and the four temperatures can be adjusted in the cracking range by moving temperature adjusting plates; (3) when any one of following condition that the temperature of the catalyst is more than or equal to 230 DEG C or the vapor temperature in an alcohol vapor tube is more than or equal to 280 DEG C occurs, an electromagnetic valve is opened to introduce the alcohol vapor to a high hot chamber, the alcohol vapor is immediately heated and then delivered to the cracker, and the alcohol vapor is cracked while absorbing heat; and (4) the passage of the cracker is long enough, and the quantity of the filled catalyst is enough, so that the alcohol vapor can be completely cracked into the alcohol hydrogen.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind ofly in engineering mechanical device, utilize the heat energy being wasted of engineering machinery internal combustion engine combustion gas, can and/or be reformatted into the method for clean energy alcohol hydrogen methyl alcohol or the complete cracking of ethanol.
Background technology
Alcohol hydrogen be a kind of reproducible, free from environmental pollution, calorific value and explosive power all, price larger than gasoline, diesel oil be less than 1/3rd new forms of energy of gasoline, diesel oil valency.Alternative to gasoline, diesel oil are done fuel for oil engine, also can be used for industry and civilian.
But prior art can not be cracked into alcohol hydrogen completely alcohol, and uncracked alcohol steam can corrode the cylinder of oil engine, cause this technology not use.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide in " a kind of alcohol is cracked into the system that alcohol hydrogen is done fuel ", use alcohol can be cracked into completely to the method for alcohol hydrogen.
Of the present inventionly alcohol can be cracked into completely to the method for alcohol hydrogen, to utilize the hot waste gas of original engineering mechanical device that alcohol is cracked into alcohol hydrogen completely, IC engine supply is done fuel, in temperature adjustment cracker, hot waste gas is straight-through, and alcohol steam is full of twists and turns, and its flow direction is vertical with the flow direction of hot waste gas, alcohol steam leaves the tail of cracker catalyzer from entering the head of cracker catalyzer to alcohol hydrogen, catalyzer is all on same Heating temperature face.
On four angles in the catalyzer of the front, rear, left and right of described cracker, load onto respectively temperature measurer, displays temperature on display screen, mobile temperature control panel, can adjust 4 temperature all in crack temperature range.
The method that alcohol is cracked into completely to alcohol hydrogen of the present invention, specifically:
1, cracker is arranged in to optimum heating temperature district, absorbs optimum heating temperature, thereby make the temperature of the whole catalyzer in cracker all reach cracking temperature;
2, will after alcohol steam reaches best cracking temperature, just allow the alcohol steam that reaches best cracking temperature enter in cracker, heat absorption limit, limit be cracked into alcohol hydrogen;
3, can make temperature measurer in cracker detect any one the temperature in cracker catalyzer, and show on display screen;
If 4 see on display screen in cracker that certain any temperature is not the temperature that is applicable to alcohol steam cracking, there is way to be adjusted into the temperature that is applicable to alcohol steam cracking, and show on display screen, making the whole temperature in cracker is all the temperature that is applicable to alcohol steam cracking;
5, the alcohol steam cracking passage length in cracker and catalyst amounts are all passed through test, are meeting after heat absorption limit, alcohol steam limit is cracked into the condition of alcohol hydrogen completely, then are doubling.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of isothermal cracker.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of isothermal cracker.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of isothermal cracker.
Fig. 5 is the A-B-C-D-E-F cut-away view of isothermal cracker.
Fig. 6 is the G-H cut-away view of isothermal cracker.
Fig. 7 is that the K of isothermal cracker is to diagram.
Fig. 8 is the west side partial cutaway diagram of isothermal cracker.
In figure, 1-alcohol supplying box, 2-alcohol supplying pump, 3-check valve, 4-accumulator, 5-pressure transmitter, 6-magnetic valve, 7-low temperature alcohol liquid tube, 8-low temperature alcohol hydrogen pipe, 9-pressure transmitter, 10-blast main, 11-is alcohol hydrogen air control valve, 12-magnetic valve, 13-hydrogen storage cylinder, 14-high temperature alcohol hydrogen pipe, 15-cooling tube, 16-cooling room, 17-fireproof tempering device, 18-potentiostat, 19-high temperature alcohol liquid tube, 20-magnetic valve, 21-hydrogen-oxygen proportioner, 22-door and the pipe that warm proportioning alcohol hydrogen goes out of loweing, 23-waste gas diverter valve, 24-ingress pipe, 25-temperature adjustment cracker, 26-pressure transmitter, 27-alcohol liquid switch, 28-alcohol hydrogen convertor, the remaining warm waste gas of 29-air outlet, 30-evaporator room, hot cell in 31-, 32-magnetic valve, 33-temperature measurer, 34-waste discharge tracheae, 35-sourdine, 36-high temperature alcohol vapour pipe, 37-temperature measurer, the high hot cell of 38-, the original oil engine of 39-automobile, 40-hydrogen oil mixing tank, 41-butterfly, 42-is controlled fuel tap, 43-carburettor, 44-battery main switch, 45-electrical equipment, 46-display screen, 50-southwest corner thermoprobe, 51-enters alcohol steam port, 52 northwest corner thermoprobes, 53-west temperature adjustment bolt, 54 heat-transfer pipes, 55-opening for feed, 56-expects lid, 57-set nut, 58-temperature adjustment in the east bolt, 59-goes out alcohol hydrogen mouth, 60-northeast corner thermoprobe, 61-southeast corner thermoprobe, 62-west wallboard, 63-upper spacer, 64-lower shoe, 65-lower clapboard, 66-upper cover plate, 67-is wallboard in the east, 68-crosses air sifter in the east, 70-porous plate in the south, 71-north porous plate, 72-temperature control panel, 73-inlet pipe, 74-base plate, 75-basic solution, 76-liquid level, 77-cavity, 78-escape pipe.
Embodiment
On market, there are now gasoline car and the diesel vehicle of two types of carburettor and EFIs, have engineering miscellaneous
Construction implement equipment, for car hydrogen manufacturing
,all " the alcohol hydrogen conversion system " in the hot waste gas heating that utilizes their engine exhaust " a kind of alcohol is cracked into the system that alcohol hydrogen is done fuel ", all with use with system, replace gasoline or the burning of diesel oil IC engine supply, all the same, in order to discuss conveniently, the present invention only discusses carburettor gasoline car, because the similar gasoline of alcohol hydrogen, diesel oil, Sweet natural gas is a kind of fuel, the present invention only discusses how alcohol liquid is cracked into alcohol hydrogen completely, and not being discussed, alcohol hydrogen how not enter combustion in IC engine and other problems, the device that the present invention is cracked into alcohol hydrogen alcohol is shown in Fig. 1, its principle of work is as follows:
In going out after exhaust outlet of the original oil engine of automobile (39), by Fig. 1, install high hot cell (38) and temperature measurer (37), immediately high hot cell (38), install the sourdine (35) of waste gas diverter valve (23) and former automobile, cracker (25) and temperature measurer (33) are installed in side at waste gas diverter valve (23), middle hot cell (31) and pressure transmitter (26), evaporator room (30) and alcohol liquid switch (27), magnetic valve (32), centre at the original butterfly of automobile (41) with the original carburettor of automobile (43), load onto control fuel tap (42), centre at the original oil engine of automobile (39) with the original butterfly of automobile (41), load onto hydrogen oil mixing tank (40), side in mixing tank (40), hydrogen-oxygen proportioner (21) is installed, magnetic valve (12) and alcohol air control valve (10) for hydrogen is installed on hydrogen-oxygen proportioner (21), at automobile chassis or other idle place, by Fig. 1 install each zero, parts, " a kind of alcohol is cracked into the system that alcohol hydrogen is done fuel " is with regard to installation, " a kind of alcohol is cracked into the system that alcohol hydrogen is done fuel " is mainly by for alcohol, heat absorption, cracking, mix burning, show, electrical equipment, guarantee that safety waits seven parts to form, the present invention is the part in this system.
The condition that alcohol steam-energy is cracked into alcohol hydrogen is completely:
1, the temperature of the whole catalyzer in cracker must all reach cracking temperature, could allow the alcohol steam that reaches cracking temperature enter in cracker, and heat absorption limit, limit is cracked into alcohol hydrogen;
2, the temperature measurer in cracker must be able to detect any one the temperature in the catalyzer of cracker, and shows on display screen;
If 3 see on display screen in cracker that certain any temperature is not the temperature that is applicable to alcohol steam cracking, there is way to be adjusted into the temperature that is applicable to alcohol steam cracking, and show on display screen, making the whole temperature in cracker is all the temperature that is applicable to alcohol steam cracking;
4, the applicable alcohol steam of the alcohol steam cracking passage length in cracker and catalyst amounts is cracked into alcohol hydrogen completely.
Stress below and how to meet the condition that above 4 alcohol can be cracked into alcohol hydrogen completely.
Suppose that we select the copper-based catalysts of Shanxi coal chemical research institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, can dissociated methanol steam when the temperature of this catalyzer reaches 200 ℃, when temperature surpasses 300 ℃, this catalyzer will lose activity, therefore, we are 230 ℃ to 280 ℃ by the optimum temps regulation of this cracking catalyst methanol steam, the upper limit of the best cracking temperature of setting is 280 ℃, and the lower limit of the best cracking temperature of setting is 230 ℃
(1) how to make the temperature of alcohol steam reach best cracking temperature
As everyone knows, and/or be reformatted into alcohol hydrogen the cracking of alcohol liquid, need to absorb 4 kinds of heats:
1. normal temperature alcohol liquid heat absorption, becomes boiling point alcohol liquid,
2. boiling point alcohol liquid heat absorption, becomes boiling point alcohol steam, i.e. low temperature alcohol steam,
3. low temperature alcohol steam heat absorption, becomes the alcohol steam that reaches best cracking temperature,
4. in cracker, the alcohol steam contact that reaches cracking temperature reaches the catalyzer of cracking temperature, limit heat absorption,
Limit is cracked into alcohol hydrogen.
Alcohol liquid heat absorption becomes the method for the alcohol steam that reaches cracking temperature, and its process is as Fig. 1:
1., very high from the temperature of cracker (25) alcohol hydrogen out, we allow alcohol hydrogen enter to force in cooling room (16) cooling, in cooling tube (15) in cooling room (16), be alcohol hydrogen, pipe is outer is alcohol liquid, like this, alcohol liquid has just absorbed heat energy in alcohol hydrogen, normal temperature alcohol liquid is become to the high temperature alcohol liquid that approaches boiling point.
2., the high temperature alcohol liquid that approaches boiling point enters heat absorption in evaporator room (30), evaporation, becoming boiling point alcohol steam is low temperature alcohol steam.
3., low temperature alcohol steam enters heat absorption in middle hot cell (31), becomes the middle temperature alcohol steam that approaches cracking temperature.
4., the middle temperature alcohol steam that approaches cracking temperature enters heat absorption in high hot cell (38), becomes the alcohol steam of best cracking temperature.
(2) how to make the temperature of catalyzer reach best cracking temperature
In order to make the temperature of catalyzer reach best cracking temperature, can allow alcohol absorb heat simultaneously more, produce more alcohol steam, we have taked following methods:
1, cracker is arranged in to optimum heating temperature district, makes the temperature of catalyzer become best cracking temperature.
The Heating temperature of high temperature hot waste gas is very high sometimes, can burn out catalyzer, some prior art just enters atmosphere it from waste gas diverter valve, we are the highest high-temperature zones of temperature at oil engine (39) waste discharge gas port, First Line, arrange high hot cell (38), temperature measurer (37) is installed in the alcohol vapour pipe of the most close oil engine waste discharge gas port place maximum temperature in high hot cell (38), when the Heating temperature that the high temperature hot waste gas that oil engine discharges detected when temperature measurer (37) can make temperature >=280 that alcohol steam produces ℃, temperature measurer (37) is just opened magnetic valve (32), in middle temperature alcohol steam in hot cell put in high hot cell, make immediately temperature >=280 ℃ of alcohol steam, put into immediately in cracker, heat absorption limit, limit is cracked into alcohol hydrogen, like this, alcohol steam has just siphoned away the heat of the high temperature hot waste gas that can make temperature >=280 that alcohol steam produces ℃, the temperature <280 ℃ that remaining high temperature hot waste gas can only make alcohol steam produce, when making 280 ℃ of temperature < that alcohol steam produces, the Heating temperature of hot waste gas can not burn out catalyzer, while becoming optimum heating temperature, allow again it enter in the cracker (25) in second-line optimum heating temperature district, make the heat energy of the catalyzer absorption optimum heating temperature in cracker (25), make the temperature of catalyzer become best cracking temperature, now, the alcohol steam that reaches cracking temperature is put into cracker, alcohol steam will inevitably absorb heat on limit, limit is cracked into alcohol hydrogen, after this hot waste gas enters in the middle hot cell (31) of warm area in the 3rd line, through in Low Temperature Thermal waste gas after hot cell (31) heat absorption, enter in the 4th line cold zone evaporator room (30), first, ethanol is all just to have evaporated when tens spend, during the evaporation of alcohol liquid, a large amount of heat absorptions, the heat of the remaining warm waste gas cannot absorbing completely in evaporator room (30) just enters atmosphere, like this, just can absorb to greatest extent the heat of hot waste gas.
Because cracker is positioned at optimum heating temperature district, just the catalyzer in cracker can be heated into best cracking temperature, just can make alcohol steam under the condition of best cracking temperature, cracking is carried out on heat absorption limit, limit, just can guarantee that alcohol steam-energy is cracked into alcohol hydrogen completely.
2, isothermal heating
The temperature adjustment cracker (25) that the present invention adopts, there is east, west, south, north, on, lower six faces, it is characterized in that: hot waste gas is straight-through by north orientation south, and the full of twists and turns movement from west to east of alcohol steam, Fig. 3 is the A-B-C-D-E-F cut-away view of temperature adjustment cracker, open material lid (56), catalyzer is added from opening for feed (55), fill up M, N, P, Q, R, after the passages such as S, to expect that lid (56) covers tightly, can not leak gas, because of catalyzer, being crossed in the east air sifter (68) and west crosses air sifter (69) and blocks, so, L and T are cavitys, high temperature alcohol steam enters alcohol steam port (51) and enters cavity L from west, through west, cross the sieve aperture of air sifter (69), at passage M, N, P, Q, R, during S moves, full of twists and turns the walking in the space of catalyzer of alcohol steam limit, contact with catalyzer, the heat energy of the optimum heating temperature of the hot waste gas that limit absorption heat-transfer pipe (54) transmits, limit is cracked into alcohol hydrogen, afterwards, through crossing the sieve aperture of air sifter (68) in the east, enter cavity T, from going out alcohol hydrogen mouth (59) in the east, flow out, as can be seen from Figure 4: hot waste gas passes through in heat-transfer pipe (54) from north, do not turn, surface current directly to the south is moving, heat is passed to the catalyzer outside pipe, from west, (51) enter the head of cracker to alcohol steam, full of twists and turns move to (59) in the east, the flow direction of tail that leaves cracker is all vertical with the flow direction of hot waste gas, catalyzer and alcohol steam are all on same temperature heater wire, we dwindle cracker south as far as possible, the size of north orientation, the temperature difference in north-south is just very little, and it is eastern, west to and on, under be on same temperature hot face, there is no in theory the temperature difference, like this, the temperature difference in whole cracker is just very little, substantially be isothermal heating, because cracker is positioned at optimum heating temperature district, just the catalyzer in cracker can be heated into best cracking temperature, just can make alcohol steam under the condition of best cracking temperature, cracking is carried out on heat absorption limit, limit, just can guarantee that alcohol steam-energy is cracked into alcohol hydrogen completely.
3, temperature adjustment heating.
The north of cracker, there is temperature control panel (72), Fig. 7 is that the K of temperature adjustment cracker is to diagram, as can be seen from Figure 7: temperature control panel has many apertures on (72), between the both sides of plate and west wallboard (62) and east wallboard (67), it is neutral, hot waste gas from north by neutral and aperture, enter in heat-transfer pipe (54), to the south flowing, if the neutral on both sides is equally large, the hot waste gas amount flowing through equates, so, the head of cracker (25), the temperature difference of tail should be close to zero, if the head of cracker (25), tail i.e. east, west is to there being the temperature difference, we can unclamp set nut (57), mobile temperature control panel (72), as Fig. 6, change east, the size of west two neutrals, control east, the hot waste gas flow of west two neutrals, make head, the temperature difference of tail reaches ideal value, think satisfied after, set nut (57) is locked, because alcohol steam is from the head that enters cracker to the tail that leaves cracker, not only all on same temperature face, and, the temperature difference is adjustable, make the interior head of cracker (25), the temperature difference of the catalyzer of tail reaches ideal value, and, all in crack temperature range, like this, just there will not be cracking herein, the situation of not cracking of the other side, just can guarantee that alcohol steam-energy is cracked into alcohol hydrogen completely.
4, four temperature monitoring, temperature adjustment cracking
From Fig. 2-7, can find out, before cracker (25), after, left, on four angles in right catalyzer, load onto respectively temperature measurer, have four temperature measurers: (50), (52), (60), (61), its temperature conditions can show on display screen (45), one of them temperature measurer is (33), (37) form disjunction gate structure with magnetic valve (32) together, mobile temperature control panel, can adjust the east in cracker (25), west, south, north, on, under the temperature of catalyzer be all optimum heating temperature, now, the alcohol steam that reaches cracking temperature is put into cracker, just can make alcohol steam under the condition of best cracking temperature, cracking is carried out on heat absorption limit, limit, just can guarantee that alcohol steam-energy is cracked into alcohol hydrogen completely.
5, two temperature control cracking.
As Fig. 1, we are with being arranged on the temperature measurer (33) in cracker (25) catalyzer and being arranged on the electrical equipment of the temperature measurer (37) in the alcohol vapour pipe of high hot cell (38) and the electrical equipment of magnetic valve (32) constitutes jointly disjunction gate structure, by the temperature of catalyzer and the temperature of alcohol steam, control opening and turn-offing, the cracking of automatic control alcohol steam of magnetic valve (32).When being 1. positioned at the temperature <280 ℃ of the alcohol steam that the temperature measurer (37) of the alcohol vapour pipe in high hot cell (38) measures, 2. be positioned at the catalyst temperature <230 ℃ that the temperature measurer (33) of the catalyzer of cracker (25) measures, article two, while occurring simultaneously, magnetic valve (32) cuts out, do not allow alcohol steam enter cracker, steam temperature >=280 ℃ in the alcohol vapour pipe that 1. (37) measure, or catalyst temperature >=230 ℃ that 2. (33) measure, while occurring 1 in interior, magnetic valve (32) is open-minded, middle temperature alcohol steam in middle hot cell (31) is put in high hot cell (38), be heated to immediately the best cracking temperature 280 ℃ of left and right of reaching the standard grade, enter cracker, heat absorption limit, limit is cracked into alcohol hydrogen, due to strict temperature control, just can guarantee that alcohol steam-energy is cracked into alcohol hydrogen completely.
6, passage sufficiently long, catalytic amount is abundant.
As everyone knows, alcohol steam enters after cracker, is in the space of catalyzer, move forward, heat absorption, and meanwhile cracking, the alcohol molecule CH of the steam flow of alcohol steam outside
3oH, CH
3cH
2oH has run into catalyzer, just can be cracked into alcohol hydrogen, CH
3oH → CO+2H
2cH
3cH
2oH+H
2o → 4H
2-+ 2CO
Steam flow in the middle of alcohol steam does not run into catalyzer, and not cracking, just continues to move forward, the chance of going to the front catalyzer, if the passage length of cracker is inadequate, and uncracked alcohol molecule CH in alcohol steam
3oH, CH
3cH
2oH steam flow is in the process that continues to move forward, go to the front and also do not run into catalyzer, also cracking is not complete, just leave cracker, the cleavage rate of this cracker is just not high, the present invention adopts the alcohol vapour passage of isothermal cracker, full of twists and turns, we do experiment in laboratory, detect and can guarantee that alcohol steam is cracked into duct length and the catalyst levels of alcohol hydrogen completely, when reality is used, we double by this, Here it is passage sufficiently long, catalytic amount is abundant, the M-N-P-Q-R-S in Fig. 4 for example, make the alcohol molecule (CH3OH in all alcohol steam, CH3CH2OH) catalyzer of all having an opportunity to run into, completely after cracking, also have rich, this just can guarantee that alcohol steam-energy is cracked into alcohol hydrogen completely.
Claims (1)
1. an energy is cracked into alcohol the method for alcohol hydrogen completely, to utilize the hot waste gas of original engineering mechanical device that alcohol is cracked into alcohol hydrogen completely, IC engine supply is done fuel, it is characterized in that, in temperature adjustment cracker, hot waste gas is straight-through, and alcohol steam is full of twists and turns, its flow direction is vertical with the flow direction of hot waste gas, alcohol steam leaves the tail of cracker catalyzer from entering the head of cracker catalyzer to alcohol hydrogen, catalyzer is all on same Heating temperature face, before cracker, after, left, on four angles in right catalyzer, load onto respectively temperature measurer, displays temperature on display screen, mobile temperature control panel, adjust four temperature all in crack temperature range.
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| CN201110147005.3A CN102320567B (en) | 2011-06-02 | 2011-06-02 | Method capable of completely cracking alcohol into alcohol hydrogen |
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| CN102320567B true CN102320567B (en) | 2014-04-23 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104033293A (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2014-09-10 | 李子京 | Methanol and methanol-decomposing hydrogen fully-alternative fuel power unit |
| CN104100421A (en) * | 2014-07-15 | 2014-10-15 | 李子京 | Alcohol-hydrogen fuel engine |
| CN105863764B (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2017-04-12 | 湖南大学 | Method for combining thermodynamic cycle system |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4004554A (en) * | 1974-02-26 | 1977-01-25 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Fuel converting method and apparatus |
| CN1944997A (en) * | 2006-10-25 | 2007-04-11 | 严励 | Process and device for automatically cracking alcohol into alcohol hydrogen using waste heat |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS51123422A (en) * | 1975-04-21 | 1976-10-28 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Fuel modulating system |
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2011
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4004554A (en) * | 1974-02-26 | 1977-01-25 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Fuel converting method and apparatus |
| CN1944997A (en) * | 2006-10-25 | 2007-04-11 | 严励 | Process and device for automatically cracking alcohol into alcohol hydrogen using waste heat |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| JP特开昭51-123422 1976.10.28 |
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