CN102319498B - Composite powder fire extinguishing agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Composite powder fire extinguishing agent and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102319498B CN102319498B CN2011101398686A CN201110139868A CN102319498B CN 102319498 B CN102319498 B CN 102319498B CN 2011101398686 A CN2011101398686 A CN 2011101398686A CN 201110139868 A CN201110139868 A CN 201110139868A CN 102319498 B CN102319498 B CN 102319498B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a composite powder base fire extinguishing agent and a preparation method thereof, which are characterized in that the vacuum pumping is carried out on 85 to 95 percent of layer double hydroxide with the grain diameter lower than 10mum according to the mass percent of the system to a value lower than 0.01 MPa in a pressure-resistant container, 2-bromine-3, 3, 3-trifluoropropene liquid is filled for soaking the powder, and the materials are stirred for more than 12 hours at a speed of 300 to 600r/min at -5 to 10 DEG C; then, the powder is separated through extraction filtering and is placed for 6 to 10 hours at room temperature, then, 0.8 to 2.2 percent of magnesium stearate with the grain diameter lower than 10mum according to the mass percent of the system is added and is uniformly mixed; the obtained composite powder fire extinguishing agent simultaneously has hydrophobicity and lipophobicity, the moisture-proof performance and the anti-reignition performance are good, the fire extinguishing efficiency is high, the composite powder fire extinguishing agent can be used as the fire extinguishing agent and can also be used as additives of powder extinguishing agents, raw materials have low price and can be easily obtained, the preparation process is simple, and the composite powder fire extinguishing agent is suitable for being used for various fire extinguishers to extinguish various kinds of fire hazards.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to powder extinguishing chemical technical field, particularly compound powder extinguishing agent and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Common extinguishing chemical has gas, dry powder class, water system and the large class of foam four.In these many eurypalynous extinguishing chemicals, powder extinguishing agent because its fire-fighting efficiency is higher, to environment and human-body safety, be easy to storage, the advantage such as cheap, be widely used in the polytype fire such as solid, liquid, imflammable gas of putting out a fire to save life and property always, in current extinguishing chemical field, occupy critical role.But the key component of existing common powder extinguishing agent is the inorganic salts such as sodium acid carbonate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) and sodium chloride normally, place for a long time easy moisture absorption caking, have a strong impact on its extinguishing property; For improving its humidity resistance, present powder extinguishing agent mostly adopts surface siliconization to process, and on its surface, coats one deck silicone oil hydrophobic membrane, but because this silicone oil hydrophobic membrane has very strong lipophile, when putting out a fire to save life and property oil fire, particle easily sinks in oil, and anti-resume combustion is poor.In addition, traditional powder extinguishing chemical is due to particle size large (generally at the 10-75 micron), and sinking speed is fast, and decomposes speed is slower, causes its efficiency of catching free radical or active group not high, and extinguishing ability is limited; This has restricted the practical ranges of powder extinguishing chemical to a certain extent.Therefore, the important subject that development good, the anti-resume combustion of moisture resistance novel powder extinguishing chemical strong, that fire-fighting efficiency is high is current fire safety science field.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide that a kind of anti-resume combustion is good, the not only composite powder fire extinguishing agent and preparation method thereof of hydrophobic but also oleophobic of particle surface.
Composite powder fire extinguishing agent of the present invention is characterized in that containing by the mass percent of shared system:
The layered double-hydroxide (LDHs) 85 ~ 95% of particle diameter below 10 μ m,
The dolomol 0.8 ~ 2.2% of particle diameter below 10 μ m,
2-is bromo-3,3,3-trifluoro propene (BTP) surplus.
The preparation method of composite powder fire extinguishing agent of the present invention, it is characterized in that: by the mass percent that accounts for system by 85 ~ 95%, the layered double-hydroxide of particle diameter below 10 μ m put into pressure vessel and be evacuated to below 0.01MPa, then inject 2-bromo-3,3,3-trifluoro propene (BTP) liquid is by the powder submergence, in-5 ~ 10 ° of C scopes, with the speed of 300-600 rev/min, stir more than 12 hours; Then powder isolated by filtration from liquid out, is placed to 6-10 hour in room temperature, then add account for system quality percentage 0.8 ~ 2.2%, particle diameter is the following dolomol powders of 10 μ m, obtains composite powder fire extinguishing agent of the present invention.
Layered double-hydroxide (LDHs) can be selected Mg-Al-OH-CO
3, Zn-Al-OH-CO
3, Mg-Fe-OH-CO
3and Zn-Fe-OH-CO
3in one or more.
With existing powder extinguishing agent, compare, composite powder fire extinguishing agent of the present invention has utilized the natural layer structure of layered double-hydroxide and good absorption property, by the efficient 2-of cleaning bromo-3,3,3-trifluoro propene gas extinguishing agent loads in the layer gap of layered double-hydroxide matrix, forms the composite granule firing-fighting medium of stable existence at normal temperatures; Because BTP has hydrophobicity and oleophobic property simultaneously, this composite granule has the nature humidity resistance, does not need the surface silicon oil processing, thus reduced existing in common extinguishing chemical powder be heated after because surperficial silicone oil melts the deficiency that is difficult to cleaning; Due to the oleophobic performance of BTP, powder particle can not sink in oil after being ejected into pasta yet, and the oils fire is had to good anti-resume combustion performance simultaneously.Adding of a small amount of dolomol, can improve the mobile performance of powder.In addition, this composite granule of the present invention also has the following advantages:
(1) good fire extinguishing effect: the layered double-hydroxide in composite powder fire extinguishing agent of the present invention and BTP are efficient firing-fighting mediums.BTP is the efficient gas fire-extinguishing medium of a kind of cleaning, has than breathing out the higher fire-fighting efficiency of dragon fire extinguishing extinguishing chemical, and its fire extinguishing volumetric concentration is only 2.6%, lower than extinguishing chemicals such as heptafluoro-propane and other Kazakhstan dragons 1301 and 1211.After composite granule is running into flame and is heated, the BTP molecule of institute's load can spontaneously be overflowed, the performance fire extinguishing function.Simultaneously, layered double-hydroxide matrix itself is also a kind of efficient fire extinguishing powder, but the layered double-hydroxide decomposes reduces flame temperature; The metal ion contained in layered double-hydroxide is efficient free radical scavenger, can interrupt combustion chain reaction; In addition, the gases such as carbon dioxide that the layered double-hydroxide decomposes produces can dilute oxygen concentration.Therefore, after composite powder fire extinguishing agent of the present invention is injected in flame, can bring into play the fire extinguishing effect of gas and two kinds of firing-fighting mediums of powder, the effect that will make to put out a fire significantly strengthens.
(2) layered double-hydroxide and the BTP in composite granule of the present invention is environmentally friendly, and to human-body safety, two kinds of formed composite granules of material are firing-fighting mediums of clean environment firendly;
(3) the present invention prepares the raw material layered double-hydroxide wide material sources of composite powder fire extinguishing agent, cheap, environmentally friendly.
(4) composite powder fire extinguishing agent of the present invention is met after fire is heated, and because BTP gas can spill into whole fire extinguishing space, therefore can be used for putting out a fire to save life and property, blocks fire;
(5) the layer gap due to the layered double-hydroxide in composite granule of the present invention provides memory space for BTP, can effectively solve the storage problem of BTP.
Of the present inventionly using the composite powder fire extinguishing agent that layered double-hydroxide is object as matrix, BTP and both can use as extinguishing chemical separately, also can be used as the additive of common dry powder, directly be filled in existing fire extinguisher, do not need fire extinguisher is redesigned to transformation, thereby can significantly reduce the fire extinguishing cost, enlarge application; This two thin type composite powder fire extinguishing agent can overcome the deficiencies such as the existing moisture resistance of current powder extinguishing agent is poor, not high, the anti-resume combustion of fire-fighting efficiency is poor effectively, greatly improve the combination property of powder extinguishing chemical, be the efficient Novel fire extinguishing medium of a kind of cleaning, there is wide actual application prospect.
The raw material that composite powder fire extinguishing agent of the present invention adopts is cheap and easy to get, and configuration technique is simple; Fire-fighting efficiency is high, moisture resistance good, anti-resume combustion is strong, environmentally friendly, can be widely used in various extinguishing devices, in order to the fire of multiple place and type of putting out a fire to save life and property.
The specific embodiment:
Embodiment 1: with Mg-Al-OH-CO
3the composite powder fire extinguishing agent that layered double-hydroxide is matrix
By 95g Mg-Al-OH-CO
3layered double-hydroxide is in ball mill after ball milling 60min, dry 2 hours of 120 ° of C; Get powder 90g after this refinement and put into and can the above volume of withstand voltage 1.0MPa be 1.0L steel cylinder is evacuated to 0.005MPa, then inject 160ml BTP liquid, in the ice-water bath of 0 ° of C, with the speed magnetic agitation of 300 rev/mins 12 hours; Then suction filtration goes out powder, and room temperature is placed 6 hours, then adds the dolomol powder of 1.2g particle diameter below 7 μ m, and the vibration steel cylinder makes it to mix in 30 minutes, obtains composite powder fire extinguishing agent of the present invention.
Through Particle Size Analyzer, measure, the average grain diameter of gained composite powder fire extinguishing agent powder particle is 8.2 μ m.
Known through the x-ray fluorescence test, in gained composite powder fire extinguishing agent sample, the mass content of Br is 5.2%, shows that wherein the mass content of BTP is 11.4%.
This composite granule 100g is contained in the storage powder tank of 1.0L, is pressurized to 0.6MPa, on the gasoline fire that to be ejected into the food tray diameter and to be 30cm, flame power be 200KW, attack time is 2.2s, and foamite amount is 27.2g.Under same experiment condition, using common dry powder during as extinguishing chemical, attack time is 5.4s, foamite amount is 61.5g.Show that this compound fire-extinguishing agent, when putting out a fire to save life and property the category-B fire, has the fire-fighting efficiency higher than common dry powder.
Embodiment 2: with Zn-Al-OH-CO
3the composite powder fire extinguishing agent that layered double-hydroxide is matrix
By 100g Zn-Al-OH-CO
3layered double-hydroxide is in ball mill after ball milling 40min, in dry 2 hours of 120 ° of C; Get double-hydroxide powder 90g after refinement put into can withstand voltage 1.0MPa the volume steel cylinder that is 1.0L to be evacuated to vacuum be 0.005MPa, then inject 180ml BTP liquid, in the cryosel water-bath of-5 ° of C, with the speed magnetic agitation of 400 rev/mins 16 hours; Then suction filtration goes out powder, and room temperature is placed 8 hours, then adds the dolomol powder of 2.0g particle diameter below 8 μ m, stirs and makes it to mix, and obtains composite powder fire extinguishing agent of the present invention.
Through Particle Size Analyzer, measure, in this composite powder fire extinguishing agent, the average grain diameter of powder particle is 8.4 μ m.
Through the x-ray fluorescence test, show, in this composite powder fire extinguishing agent sample, the mass content of Br is 4.2%, and wherein the mass content of BTP is 9.2%.
This composite granule 100g is contained in the storage powder tank of 1.0L, is pressurized to 0.6MPa, being ejected into the food tray diameter is that 30cm, edible oil layer thickness are 3cm, on the burning things which may cause a fire disaster that flame power is 70kW, average attack time is 2.0s, and the average consumption of extinguishing chemical is 25.4g, the resume combustion phenomenon do not occur.Under same experiment condition, using common dry powder during as extinguishing chemical, average attack time is 7.2s, the average consumption of extinguishing chemical is 83.5g, resume combustion twice occurs, show that this compound fire-extinguishing agent edible oil of putting out a fire to save life and property has sooner than common dry-chemical fire extinguishing speed, anti-resume combustion is better.
Embodiment 3: with Mg-Fe-OH-CO
3the composite powder fire extinguishing agent that layered double-hydroxide is matrix
By 100g Mg-Fe-OH-CO
3the layered double-hydroxide powder is in ball mill after ball milling 60min, and under 120 ° of C, drying is 2 hours; Get powder 90g after this refinement put into can withstand voltage 1.0MPa volume be 1.0L steel cylinder is evacuated to 0.002MPa, then inject 140mlBTP liquid, in the water-bath of 5 ° of C, with the speed magnetic agitation of 400 rev/mins 18 hours; Then suction filtration goes out powder, and room temperature is placed 9 hours, then adds the dolomol powder of 2.0g particle diameter below the 6 μ m steel cylinder that vibrates up and down to make it to mix in 20 minutes, obtains composite powder fire extinguishing agent of the present invention.
Through Particle Size Analyzer, measure, in this composite powder fire extinguishing agent, the average grain diameter of powder particle is 6.2 μ m.
Known through the x-ray fluorescence test, in this sample, the mass content of Br is 3.4%, shows that wherein the mass content of BTP is 7.4%.
This composite granule 50g is contained in the storage powder tank of 1.0L, is pressurized to 0.6MPa, be ejected into grillage and be of a size of wood that 20cm * 20cm * 20cm, flame power are 100KW to stamp fire upper, average attack time is 3.6s, and the average consumption of extinguishing chemical is 40.4g.Under same experiment condition, using common ABC dry powder during as extinguishing chemical, attack time is 4.8s, foamite amount is 55.2g, shows that this compound fire-extinguishing agent, when putting out a fire to save life and property category-A solid fire, has than the higher fire-fighting efficiency of common ABC dry powder.
Embodiment 4: with Zn-Fe-OH-CO
3the composite powder fire extinguishing agent that layered double-hydroxide is matrix
By 95g Zn-Fe-OH-CO
3the layered double-hydroxide powder is in ball mill after ball milling 50min, in dry 2 hours of 120 ° of C; Get powder 95g after this refinement put into can withstand voltage 1.0MPa volume be 1.0L steel cylinder is evacuated to 0.005MPa, then inject 120ml BTP liquid, in the water-bath of 2 ° of C, with the speed magnetic agitation of 600 rev/mins 16 hours; Then suction filtration goes out powder, and room temperature is placed 8 hours, then adds the dolomol powder of 2.1g particle diameter below 4 μ m, and the steel cylinder that vibrates up and down makes it to mix in 30 minutes, obtains composite powder fire extinguishing agent of the present invention.
Through Particle Size Analyzer, measure, in this composite powder fire extinguishing agent, the average grain diameter of powder particle is 4.7 μ m.
Known through the x-ray fluorescence test, in this sample, the mass content of Br is 4.8%, shows that wherein the mass content of BTP is 10.5%.
Get in the storage powder tank that this composite granule 100g is contained in 1.0L, be pressurized to 0.6MPa, being ejected into the food tray diameter is 30cm, and flame power is on the 200kW gasoline fire, and average attack time is 2.4s, and the average consumption of extinguishing chemical is 28.6g.Under same experiment condition, using common sodium bicarbonate powder during as extinguishing chemical, attack time is 5.4s, foamite amount is 61.5g, shows that the fire-fighting efficiency of this compound fire-extinguishing agent is higher than common sodium bicarbonate powder.
Embodiment 5: with Mg-Al-OH-CO
3the composite powder fire extinguishing agent that layered double-hydroxide is matrix is made additive
By 100g Mg-Al-OH-CO
3the layered double-hydroxide powder is in ball mill after ball milling 40min, in dry 2 hours of 120 ° of C; Get powder 90g after this refinement put into can withstand voltage 0.5MPa volume be 1.0L steel cylinder is evacuated to vacuum to 0.006MPa, then inject 140ml BTP liquid, in the water-bath of 10 ° of C, with the speed magnetic agitation of 500 rev/mins 18 hours; Then suction filtration goes out powder, and room temperature is placed 10 hours, then adds the dolomol powder of 1.8g particle diameter below 7 μ m, and the steel cylinder that vibrates up and down makes it to mix in 30 minutes, obtains composite powder fire extinguishing agent of the present invention.
Through Particle Size Analyzer, measure, in this composite powder fire extinguishing agent, the average grain diameter of powder particle is 8.4 μ m.
Through the x-ray fluorescence test, in this sample, the mass content of Br is 4.4%, and the mass content that shows BTP is 9.6%.
This composite granule 50g, with after common sodium bicarbonate powder 50g mixes, is contained in the storage powder tank of 1.0L, is pressurized to 0.6MPa, being ejected into the food tray diameter is 30cm, flame power is on the 200kW gasoline fire, and average attack time is 2.8s, and the average consumption of extinguishing chemical is 32.4g.Under same experiment condition, using single sodium bicarbonate powder during as extinguishing chemical, attack time is 5.4s, foamite amount is 61.5g, shows the additive of this compound fire-extinguishing agent as the preventing sodium bicarbonate dry-chemical fire extinguishing agent agent, can improve its fire-fighting efficiency.
Embodiment 6: with Mg-Al-OH-CO
3layered double-hydroxide and Zn-Fe-OH-CO
3the composite powder fire extinguishing agent that layered double-hydroxide is matrix
By 60g Mg-Al-OH-CO
3layered double-hydroxide powder and 40g Zn-Fe-OH-CO
3after layered double-hydroxide mixes, ball milling 40min in ball mill, dry 2 hours of 120 ° of C; Get powder 90g after this refinement put into can withstand voltage 0.5MPa volume be 1.0L steel cylinder is evacuated to 0.005MPa, then inject 150ml BTP liquid, in the water-bath of 5 ° of C, with the speed magnetic agitation of 400 rev/mins 18 hours; Then suction filtration goes out powder, and room temperature is placed 8 hours, then adds the dolomol powder of 1.8g particle diameter below 9 μ m, and the steel cylinder that vibrates up and down makes it to mix in 30 minutes, obtains composite powder fire extinguishing agent of the present invention.
Through Particle Size Analyzer, measure, in this composite powder fire extinguishing agent, the average grain diameter of powder particle is 9.2 μ m.
Through the x-ray fluorescence test, in this sample, the mass content of Br is 4.8%, and the mass content that shows BTP is 10.5%.
By this composite granule 100g, be contained in the storage powder tank of 1.0L, be pressurized to 0.6MPa, being ejected into the food tray diameter is that 30cm, flame power are on the 200kW gasoline fire, and average attack time is 2.6s, and the average consumption of extinguishing chemical is 33.2g.Under same experiment condition, using sodium bicarbonate powder during as extinguishing chemical, attack time is 5.4s, foamite amount is 61.5g, shows that the fire-fighting efficiency of this compound fire-extinguishing agent is higher than common sodium bicarbonate powder.
Due to layered double-hydroxide Mg-Al-OH-CO selected in the present invention
3, Zn-Al-OH-CO
3, Mg-Fe-OH-CO
3and Zn-Fe-OH-CO
3belong to allied substances, when taking multiple mutual collocation to be mixed use, chemical reaction can not occur each other, therefore, can select Mg-Al-OH-CO
3, Zn-Al-OH-CO
3, Mg-Fe-OH-CO
3or Zn-Fe-OH-CO
3in a kind of, or select multiple mixing mutually to arrange in pairs or groups together simultaneously and use.
Claims (4)
1. a composite powder fire extinguishing agent is characterized in that containing by the mass percent of shared system:
The layered double-hydroxide 85～95% of particle diameter below 10 μ m,
The dolomol 0.8～2.2% of particle diameter below 10 μ m,
2-is bromo-3,3,3-trifluoro propene surplus.
2. composite powder fire extinguishing agent as claimed in claim 1, be characterised in that layered double-hydroxide selects Mg-Al-OH-CO
3, Zn-Al-OH-CO
3, Mg-Fe-OH-CO
3and Zn-Fe-OH-CO
3in one or more.
3. the preparation method of the described composite powder fire extinguishing agent of claim 1, it is characterized in that: by the mass percent that accounts for system by 85～95%, the layered double-hydroxide of particle diameter below 10 μ m put into pressure vessel and be evacuated to below 0.01MPa, then inject 2-bromo-3,3,3-trifluoro propene liquid is by the powder submergence, in-5～10 ℃ of scopes, with the speed of 300-600 rev/min, stir more than 12 hours; Then powder isolated by filtration from liquid out, is placed to 6-10 hour in room temperature, then add account for system quality percentage 0.8～2.2%, particle diameter is the following dolomol powders of 10 μ m, obtains composite powder fire extinguishing agent.
4. the preparation method of composite powder fire extinguishing agent as claimed in claim 3, be characterised in that layered double-hydroxide selects Mg-Al-OH-CO
3, Zn-Al-OH-CO
3, Mg-Fe-OH-CO
3and Zn-Fe-OH-CO
3in one or more.
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| CN2011101398686A CN102319498B (en) | 2011-05-27 | 2011-05-27 | Composite powder fire extinguishing agent and preparation method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011101398686A CN102319498B (en) | 2011-05-27 | 2011-05-27 | Composite powder fire extinguishing agent and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102319498A CN102319498A (en) | 2012-01-18 |
| CN102319498B true CN102319498B (en) | 2013-12-11 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8877988B2 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2014-11-04 | Honeywell International Inc. | Synthesis of 1-BROM0-3,3,3-trifluoropropene |
| CN106267672B (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2019-11-12 | 九江中船化学科技有限公司 | A kind of gas extinguishing agent composition and its gas extinguishing agent of preparation |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1066003A (en) * | 1992-05-22 | 1992-11-11 | 肖振三 | A kind of granulated fire-extinguishing agent for forest |
| CN1152471A (en) * | 1995-11-10 | 1997-06-25 | 阿尔卡塔尔-阿尔斯托姆通用电气公司 | Composition with high anti-fire-spreading property |
| CN1356150A (en) * | 2001-12-11 | 2002-07-03 | 徐官庆 | Efficient fire-extinguishing chemical of superfine powder and its preparing process |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN200998549Y (en) * | 2007-01-16 | 2008-01-02 | 李文岳 | Automatic fire extinguisher |
| CN102058951B (en) * | 2010-12-25 | 2012-02-22 | 西安科技大学 | Extinguishing agent |
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2011
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1066003A (en) * | 1992-05-22 | 1992-11-11 | 肖振三 | A kind of granulated fire-extinguishing agent for forest |
| CN1152471A (en) * | 1995-11-10 | 1997-06-25 | 阿尔卡塔尔-阿尔斯托姆通用电气公司 | Composition with high anti-fire-spreading property |
| CN1356150A (en) * | 2001-12-11 | 2002-07-03 | 徐官庆 | Efficient fire-extinguishing chemical of superfine powder and its preparing process |
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