CN102313702B - Photoelectric analysis method and device for gas in pipeline - Google Patents
Photoelectric analysis method and device for gas in pipeline Download PDFInfo
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- CN102313702B CN102313702B CN 201010223234 CN201010223234A CN102313702B CN 102313702 B CN102313702 B CN 102313702B CN 201010223234 CN201010223234 CN 201010223234 CN 201010223234 A CN201010223234 A CN 201010223234A CN 102313702 B CN102313702 B CN 102313702B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a photoelectric analysis method for gas in a pipeline. The method comprises the following steps that: gas to be detected in the pipeline is introduced into a measurement pipe; an airflow perturbator is arranged in the measurement pipe; a gas guiding hole which penetrates through the airflow perturbator is formed in the airflow perturbator; light which is emitted by a light source passes through the gas to be detected on the downstream of the airflow perturbator in the measurement pipe, is absorbed by the gas to be detected, then is received by a detector and is converted into an electrical signal; and an analysis unit processes the electrical signal output by the detector so as to acquire the concentration of the gas to be detected. The invention also discloses a device for realizing the method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the analysis of gas concentration in the pipeline, particularly the photoelectric analysis method and apparatus of gas in a kind of pipeline.
Background technology
In fields such as metallurgy, petrochemical industry, chemical industry, building materials, need the concentration of gas in the observation process pipeline, and be used for instructing production.
The gas absorption spectra analytical technology is as a kind of photoelectric analysis technology, has short, plurality of advantages such as measuring accuracy is high, energy consumption is low of response time, is widely used in the gas-monitoring.The gas absorption spectra analytical equipment comprises light source, detector and analytic unit, and concrete working method is: light source sends measuring light, measures light wavelength corresponding to the absorption spectrum spectral line of gas to be measured; Measuring light is passed gas to be measured and is absorbed, and the measuring light behind the gas to be measured is passed in the detector reception, and is converted to electric signal, and analytic unit passes through the decay of analysis to measure light, thereby draws the concentration of gas to be measured.The measurement of gas absorption spectra concerns based on Beer-Lambert:
I=I
0e
-αl
I wherein
0Be to pass to be absorbed the luminous energy under the absorption line wavelength before the gas, I passes to be absorbed the luminous energy under the absorption line wavelength behind the gas, and α is that gas unit absorbs, and l is the distance that light passes in absorbing gas.Increase to measure light path and can reduce the gas concentration detection limit, but also absorb saturatedly for the gasmetry of high concentration easily, influence measuring accuracy.
At present, the monitoring of gas concentration is divided into following dual mode in the pipeline:
1, formula in place, see also shown in Figure 1, be specially: light source 2a and detector 2b are installed in the sidepiece of measuring channel 1, the light that light source 2a sends passes the gas to be measured (two distances of managing between 3 are the measurement light path) in the pipeline 1, being detected device 2b afterwards receives, analytic unit passes through the decay of analysis to measure light, thereby draws the concentration of gas to be measured.Can be referring to patent US20050128486, US5517314, US7324204, CN2004100935072, CN2004100533712, CN2005100607797.Therefore monitoring method is the concentration of gas in the analysis conduit in real time when in place, has therefore obtained using the most widely.
2, sampling formula, be specially: the gas in the sampler sampling pipe, by dewatering, delivering to photoelectronic analyzer behind the pretreatment unit such as dedusting, step-down, the light that light source sends passes the gas to be measured in pretreatment unit downstream, being detected device afterwards receives, analytic unit passes through the decay of analysis to measure light, thereby draws the concentration of gas to be measured.Compare with formula analysis mode in place, the sampling formula can be applied in the abominable operating mode of measurement environment, as high dust, high pressure etc., but has also brought deficiencies such as measurement delay, complex structure, maintenance be big.Therefore, the application of sampling formula does not have formula in place extensive.
For formula metering system in place, as shown in Figure 1, light source 2a and detector 2b are installed in the both sides of pipeline 1 usually, and the maximal value of measuring light path 4 is the internal diameter size of pipeline 1.But be subjected to the restriction of construction section condition when installing through regular meeting, low such as measure gas concentrations, but it is too little to measure caliber, has limited optical path length, makes surveying instrument can't satisfy the detection limit requirement; When the measure gas concentrations height, measure caliber simultaneously too big the time, make that gas is total to be absorbed too big and enter the inelastic region, influence measuring accuracy; Outside the measurement point pipeline barrier is arranged, the installation site of light source and detector can not be vertical with airflow direction.
In order to solve above-mentioned deficiency; usually the pipeline of surveying instrument construction section can be replaced by the greater or lesser pipeline of radius; measure light path thereby change; but because the variation of caliber; can cause the interior air velocity distribution of pipe of surveying instrument construction section to change, make the gas concentration that measures to reflect real gas concentration in the original pipeline.Perhaps for fear of the barrier of construction section, make path and airflow direction out of plumb between light source and the detector, make the gas concentration that measures and non-perpendicular to the gas concentration of airflow direction.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, the invention provides the photoelectric analysis method and apparatus of gas in a kind of pipeline, can change the measurement light path effectively, thereby measurement is normally carried out.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The photoelectric analysis method of gas in a kind of pipeline, characteristics are:
Gas to be measured in the described pipeline feeds in the measuring tube; Be provided with the flow perturbation device in the measuring tube, described flow perturbation device is provided with the gas port that runs through the flow perturbation device;
The light that light source sends passes the gas to be measured in the flow perturbation device downstream in the measuring tube, and by gas absorption to be measured, is detected device afterwards and receives, and is converted to electric signal;
Analytic unit is handled the electric signal of detector output, thereby obtains the concentration of gas to be measured.
As preferably, measuring tube perpendicular to the radius of the minimum circle-cover in the cross section of the airflow direction radius perpendicular to the minimum circle-cover in the cross section of airflow direction greater than described pipeline.Minimum circle-cover refers to the circle of radius minimum that can the overlay planes figure.
Further, be carved into simultaneously and reach in the measuring tube upstream line perpendicular to the gas on the cross section of airflow direction, arrive between light source and the detector mistiming on the light path less than 5S.
As preferably, dredge in the middle of the distribution of the gas port on the described flow perturbation device, close all around.
Further, between the central axis of the central axis of described gas port and measuring tube angle greater than zero.
As preferably, described flow perturbation device adopts porous medium.
As preferably, the optical axis of light path is perpendicular to the central axis of flow perturbation device between light source and the detector.
The invention allows for the photoelectronic analyzer of gas in a kind of like this pipeline, specifically comprise:
Measuring tube, the entrance of measuring tube is communicated with described pipeline is interior;
Be arranged on the flow perturbation device in the measuring tube, the flow perturbation device is provided with the gas port that runs through the flow perturbation device;
Light source is arranged on the sidepiece of measuring tube;
Detector is arranged on the sidepiece of measuring tube, makes behind the gas to be measured in the flow perturbation device downstream of light in passing measuring tube that light source sends, and can be detected device and receive;
Analytic unit for the treatment of the output signal of detector, thereby obtains the concentration of gas to be measured in the pipeline.
As preferably, measuring tube perpendicular to the radius of the minimum circle-cover in the cross section of the airflow direction radius perpendicular to the minimum circle-cover in the cross section of airflow direction greater than described pipeline.
As preferably, dredge in the middle of the distribution of the gas port on the described flow perturbation device, close all around.
Further, between the central axis of the central axis of described gas port and measuring tube angle greater than zero.
As preferably, described flow perturbation device adopts porous medium.
As preferably, the optical axis of light path is perpendicular to the central axis of flow perturbation device between light source and the detector.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, by other the bigger measuring tube of water conservancy radius is set, thereby has increased the measurement light path effectively, make measurement normally to carry out, also reduced measuring error.
2, by the flow perturbation device is set, make to be carved into simultaneously to reach in the measuring tube upstream line perpendicular to the gas on the cross section of airflow direction, arrive between light source and the detector mistiming on the light path less than 5S; , also be almost to arrive the measurement light path simultaneously with gas to be measured constantly in the pipeline, thereby can make the concentration of gas in a certain moment pipeline of the true reflection of measurement result.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of photoelectronic analyzer in the prior art;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of photoelectronic analyzer among the embodiment 1;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of photoelectronic analyzer among the embodiment 2;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of photoelectronic analyzer among the embodiment 3;
Fig. 5 is the synoptic diagram of the minimum circle-cover in the cross section of measuring tube and pipeline among the embodiment 3;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of photoelectronic analyzer among the embodiment 4;
Fig. 7 is the synoptic diagram of the minimum circle-cover in the cross section of measuring tube and pipeline among the embodiment 4;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of another photoelectronic analyzer of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further details.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 2, the photoelectronic analyzer of gas is applied in the field of metallurgy in a kind of pipeline, is used for the CO concentration in the monitoring pipeline.Described photoelectronic analyzer comprises measuring tube 11, flow perturbation device 41, light source 21, detector 22 and analytic unit.
The entrance of described measuring tube 11, outlet are communicated with pipe interior, make that the gas to be measured in the pipeline can flow in the measuring tube 11 voluntarily.Measuring tube 11 perpendicular to the radius of the minimum circle-cover in the cross section of the airflow direction radius perpendicular to the minimum circle-cover in the cross section of airflow direction greater than described pipeline.Measuring tube 11 and pipeline all are pipes in the present embodiment.
As shown in Figure 2, the central axis of described flow perturbation device 41 is parallel with the central axis of measuring tube 11, and be plate-like, be provided with the gas port 42 that runs through flow perturbation device 41 above, the central axis of gas port 42 is parallel with the central axis of measuring tube 11, the distribution of gas port 42 is dredged in the middle of being on the flow perturbation device 41, and is close all around.
Setting by said flow perturbator 41, light source 21 and detector 22, be carved into simultaneously and reach in measuring tube 11 upstream line perpendicular to the gas on the cross section of airflow direction, arrive between light source 21 and the detector 22 mistiming on the light path less than 5S, thereby can make the concentration of gas in a certain moment pipeline of the true reflection of measurement result.
Present embodiment has also disclosed the photoelectric analysis method of gas in a kind of pipeline, is applied in the field of metallurgy, is used for the CO concentration in the monitoring pipeline, and characteristics are:
Gas to be measured in the pipeline feeds in the measuring tube 11, and the internal diameter of measuring tube 11 is greater than the internal diameter of described pipeline; Be provided with flow perturbation device 41 in the measuring tube; As shown in Figure 2, the central axis of described flow perturbation device 41 is parallel with the central axis of measuring tube 11, and is plate-like, is provided with the gas port 42 that runs through flow perturbation device 41 above, and the distribution of gas port 42 is dredged in the middle of being on the flow perturbation device 41, and is close all around.
The measurement light wavelength of light source 21 outputs is corresponding to the absorption spectrum spectral line of CO, and measuring light is passed the gas to be measured in flow perturbation device 41 downstreams in the measuring tube, and by gas absorption to be measured, is detected device 22 afterwards and receives, and is converted to electric signal; Be carved into simultaneously and reach in measuring tube 11 upstream line perpendicular to the gas on the cross section of airflow direction, mistiming between arrival light source 21 and the detector 22 on the light path is less than 1S, thereby can make the concentration of CO in a certain moment pipeline of the true reflection of follow-up measurement result, instruct better and produce;
Analytic unit is handled the electric signal of detector 22 outputs, thereby draws measuring light in the decay at described absorption spectrum spectral line place, and then obtains the concentration of CO in the pipeline.
Embodiment 2:
As shown in Figure 3, the photoelectronic analyzer of gas in a kind of pipeline is used for the O in the measuring channel
2Concentration, as different from Example 1:
1, as shown in Figure 3, the angle between the central axis of the gas port 32 on the flow perturbation device 31 and the central axis of measuring tube 11 is acute angle, and this angle from the center to around become big gradually.
2, the output wavelength of light source 21 is corresponding to O
2The absorption spectrum spectral line.
Compare with the flow perturbation device among the embodiment 1, be carved into simultaneously and reach in measuring tube 11 upstream line perpendicular to the gas on the cross section of airflow direction, mistiming between arrival light source 21 and the detector 22 on the light path is littler, therefore can reflect the O in a certain moment pipeline more exactly
2Concentration is used for instructing producing better.
Present embodiment has also disclosed the photoelectric analysis method of gas in a kind of pipeline, is applied in the field of metallurgy, is used for the O in the monitoring pipeline
2Concentration, as different from Example 1:
1, as shown in Figure 3, the angle between the central axis of the gas port 42 on the flow perturbation device 41 and the central axis of measuring tube 11 is acute angle, and this angle from the center to around become big gradually.
2, the output wavelength of light source is corresponding to O
2The absorption spectrum spectral line.
Compare with the flow perturbation device among the embodiment 1, be carved into simultaneously and reach in measuring tube 11 upstream line perpendicular to the gas on the cross section of airflow direction, mistiming between arrival light source 21 and the detector 22 on the light path is littler, therefore can reflect the O in a certain moment pipeline more exactly
2Concentration instructs better and produces.
Embodiment 3:
As shown in Figure 4, the photoelectronic analyzer of gas is applied in the chemical field in a kind of pipeline, is used for the CO in the measuring channel
2Concentration, as different from Example 1:
1, as shown in Figure 4, flow perturbation device 51 adopts porous medium.
2, the output wavelength of light source 21 is corresponding to CO
2The absorption spectrum spectral line.
3, as shown in Figure 5, the cross section perpendicular to airflow direction of measuring tube is rectangle 61, and the cross section perpendicular to airflow direction of described pipeline is circular, but the radius R 1 of the minimum circle-cover of described rectangle 61 is greater than the radius R 2 of described circle.
Present embodiment has also disclosed the photoelectric analysis method of gas in a kind of pipeline, is applied in the chemical field, is used for the CO in the monitoring pipeline
2Concentration, as different from Example 1:
1, as shown in Figure 4, flow perturbation device 51 adopts porous medium.
2, the output wavelength of light source 21 is corresponding to CO
2The absorption spectrum spectral line.
3, as shown in Figure 5, the cross section perpendicular to airflow direction of measuring tube is rectangle 61, and the cross section perpendicular to airflow direction of described pipeline is circular, but the radius R 1 of the minimum circle-cover of described rectangle 61 is greater than the radius R 2 of described circle.
Embodiment 4:
As shown in Figure 6, the photoelectronic analyzer of gas in a kind of pipeline is used for the O in the measuring channel
2Concentration, as different from Example 2:
1, as shown in Figure 6, the angle between the central axis of the central axis of flow perturbation device 31 and measuring tube 11 is acute angle.
2, the angle between the central axis of the optical axis of the light path that forms between light source 21 and the detector 22 and flow perturbation device 31 is the right angle.
3, as shown in Figure 7, the cross section perpendicular to airflow direction of measuring tube is irregular shape 71, and the cross section perpendicular to airflow direction of described pipeline is circular, but the radius R 1 of the minimum circle-cover of described irregular shape 71 is greater than the radius R 2 of described circle.
Compare with the analytical equipment among the embodiment 1, it is longer to measure light path, can measure the O of lower concentration
2
Present embodiment has also disclosed the photoelectric analysis method of gas in a kind of pipeline, is applied in the field of metallurgy, is used for the O in the monitoring pipeline
2Concentration, as different from Example 1:
1, as shown in Figure 6, the angle between the central axis of the central axis of flow perturbation device 31 and measuring tube 11 is acute angle.
2, the angle between the central axis of the optical axis of the light path that forms between light source 21 and the detector 22 and flow perturbation device 31 is the right angle.
3, as shown in Figure 7, the cross section perpendicular to airflow direction of measuring tube is irregular shape 71, and the cross section perpendicular to airflow direction of described pipeline is circular, but the radius R 1 of the minimum circle-cover of described irregular shape 71 is greater than the radius R 2 of described circle.
Compare with the analytical approach among the embodiment 2, it is longer to measure light path, can measure the O of lower concentration
2
Above-mentioned embodiment should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.Having enumerated several flow perturbation devices among the embodiment, can also be other form certainly, and as shown in Figure 8, the flow perturbation device is made up of several staggered porous plates.Key of the present invention is: arrange inner be communicated with pipeline and internal diameter greater than the measuring tube of pipeline, and the flow perturbation device is set in measuring tube, the light path that forms between light source and the detector is passed the gas to be measured in flow perturbation device downstream.Under the situation that does not break away from spirit of the present invention, any type of change that the present invention is made all should fall within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. the photoelectric analysis method of gas in the pipeline is characterized in that:
Gas to be measured in the described pipeline feeds in the measuring tube; Be provided with the flow perturbation device in the measuring tube, described flow perturbation device is provided with the gas port that runs through the flow perturbation device; Described measuring tube perpendicular to the radius of the minimum circle-cover in the cross section of the airflow direction radius perpendicular to the minimum circle-cover in the cross section of airflow direction greater than described pipeline;
The measuring light that light source sends is passed the gas to be measured in the flow perturbation device downstream in the measuring tube, and by gas absorption to be measured, is detected device afterwards and receives, and is converted to electric signal; Described measurement light wavelength is corresponding to the absorption spectrum spectral line of described gas to be measured;
Analytic unit is handled the electric signal of detector output, draws described measuring light in the decay at the absorption spectrum spectral line place of described gas to be measured, thereby obtains the concentration of gas to be measured.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be carved into simultaneously and reach in the measuring tube upstream line perpendicular to the gas on the cross section of airflow direction, arrive between light source and the detector mistiming on the light path less than 5S.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: thin, close all around in the middle of the distribution of the gas port on the described flow perturbation device.
4. method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: angle is greater than zero between the central axis of described gas port and the central axis of measuring tube.
5. method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described flow perturbation device employing porous medium.
6. method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the optical axis of light path is perpendicular to the central axis of flow perturbation device between light source and the detector.
7. the photoelectronic analyzer of gas in the pipeline, it is characterized in that: described analytical equipment comprises:
Measuring tube, the entrance of measuring tube is communicated with described pipeline is interior; Described measuring tube perpendicular to the radius of the minimum circle-cover in the cross section of the airflow direction radius perpendicular to the minimum circle-cover in the cross section of airflow direction greater than described pipeline;
Be arranged on the flow perturbation device in the measuring tube, the flow perturbation device is provided with the gas port that runs through the flow perturbation device;
Light source is arranged on the sidepiece of measuring tube; The measurement light wavelength that described light source sends is corresponding to the absorption spectrum spectral line of gas to be measured;
Detector is arranged on the sidepiece of measuring tube, makes behind the gas to be measured in the flow perturbation device downstream of measuring light in passing measuring tube that light source sends, and can be detected device and receive;
Analytic unit for the treatment of the output signal of detector, draws described measuring light in the decay at the absorption spectrum spectral line place of described gas to be measured, thereby obtains the concentration of gas to be measured in the pipeline.
8. photoelectronic analyzer according to claim 7 is characterized in that: thin, close all around in the middle of the distribution of the gas port on the described flow perturbation device.
9. photoelectronic analyzer according to claim 7 is characterized in that: angle is greater than zero between the central axis of described gas port and the central axis of measuring tube.
10. photoelectronic analyzer according to claim 7 is characterized in that: described flow perturbation device employing porous medium.
11. photoelectronic analyzer according to claim 7 is characterized in that: the optical axis of light path is perpendicular to the central axis of flow perturbation device between light source and the detector.
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