CN102309762B - Preparation method for lactosaminated carboxymethyl chitosan magnetic nano-particle gene vector - Google Patents
Preparation method for lactosaminated carboxymethyl chitosan magnetic nano-particle gene vector Download PDFInfo
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- CN102309762B CN102309762B CN 201110268722 CN201110268722A CN102309762B CN 102309762 B CN102309762 B CN 102309762B CN 201110268722 CN201110268722 CN 201110268722 CN 201110268722 A CN201110268722 A CN 201110268722A CN 102309762 B CN102309762 B CN 102309762B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method for a lactosaminated carboxymethyl chitosan Fe3O4 nano-particle gene vector. A technical scheme employed in the invention to solve technical problems is completed in three steps and is characterized by comprising a first step of preparing Fe3O4 nano-particles by employing the conventional method of coprecipitation according to the chemical formula of Fe<2+> + 2Fe<3+> + 8OH<-> -> Fe3O4 + 4H2O, wherein the conventional method of coprecipitation is a preparation method which enables magnetic high-molecular microballoons as well as magnetic substances to be produced, a second step of cladding carboxymethyl chitosan with good water-solubility and biological compatibility over the surface of magnetic particles by using the method of blending and entrapping so as to prepare a carboxymethyl chitosan magnetic nanometer compound (CMCTS-Fe3O4NP), and a third step of preparing a lactose modified carboxymethyl chitosan magnetic nanometer compound (Gal-CMCTS-Fe3O4NP) capable of magnetism targeting and liver targeting by using lactose as a lactosaminating reagent, using free amino groups of CMCTS molecules as crosslinking groups and employing the method of reduction ammoniation for coupling with asialo-galactose ligands in lactose.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation method of lactosaminated carboxymethyl chitosan magnetic nano-particle gene vector.
Background technology
Along with the development of nanotechnology, the research take nano-particle as gene transfer vector attracts wide attention.Nano-particle is the ultramicro powder of a kind of particle diameter between 1-100nm, has skin effect and small-size effect.Therefore, as gene transfer vector, its unique advantage is arranged with nano-particle,, targeting large such as useful load, controllable sustained-release and biocompatibility etc.Be wrapped in the gene therapy molecule among the nano-particle or be adsorbed on its surface, enter in the cell by endocytosis, discharge the gene therapy molecule, performance gene therapy usefulness.Research is found, the Nano microsphere of diameter below 100nm, and no matter body is interior or external to have good cellular uptake effect, and the nanometer carrier systems all can effectively be protected nucleotide, prevents its degraded, helps the nucleotide transfectional cell, and can play positioning action.Therefore, nano-particle has not only increased nucleotide and has entered intracellular amount as gene vehicle, has improved transfection efficiency, and has strengthened nucleotide in intracellular stability, has guaranteed the lasting performance for the treatment of effect.Yet, prepare desirable nano-gene carrier, the selection of material is very important.As the nano material of genophore, must possess that biocompatibility is strong, degradable, be easy in body, drain, itself and catabolite thereof be to characteristics such as human body are nontoxic.
At present existing multiple nano-particle is as gene transfer vector.Chitosan is a polycation type dna vector of discovered in recent years, and has obtained in vivo and in vitro using more and more widely, has demonstrated its huge gene ability of taking.Chitosan magnetic nanoparticle and chitosan galactose nanoparticle have been reported as genophore, have utilized respectively magnetic and ligands specific to strengthen it as the targeting ability of carrier.Successfully prepare carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) and magnetic Fe before us
3O
4Nanoparticle, for these reasons, we select CMCS and magnetic Fe
3O
4Be material, designed CMCS-Fe3O4 magnetic composite nano grain, and by the free amine group on the CMCS molecule as crosslinked group, by galactose part in the reductive ammonification coupling, be prepared into CMCS-galactose-Fe
3O
4Magnetic composite nano grain (Gal-CMCS-Fe
3O
4NP).To utilizing the good biocompatibility of CMCS and biodegradability and galactose to hepatocellular specific target tropism and Fe
3O
4Magnetic targeting ability, prepare a kind of genophore of novel, efficient, targeting.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and a kind of preparation method of lactosaminated carboxymethyl chitosan magnetic nano-particle gene vector is provided, and the technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is to finish in minute three steps, it is characterized in that:
Step 1: adopt traditional co-precipitation method to utilize chemical formula Fe
2++ 2Fe
3++ 8OH
-→ Fe
3O
4+ 4H
2O prepares Fe
3O
4Nanoparticle, traditional co-precipitation method are the preparation methoies that produces magnetic macromolecular microsphere when generating magnetisable material.With the polymer substance dissolving, then add successively Fe first
2+And H
2O
2Or Fe
2+And Fe
3+, drip alkaline solution in the time of stirring, by oxidation precipitation or coprecipitation reaction, magnetisable material is wrapped to form the core-shell magnetic polymer microsphere once producing like this.1. get the 1.7ml concentrated hydrochloric acid and add the redistilled water standardize solution to 50ml, take by weighing 10.8g FeCl
3With 4g FeCl
2Add wherein wiring solution-forming, in process for preparation in the solution not open close nitrogen deoxidation, to reduce oxygen to the impact of ionic components in solution.Use that to get 25ml after the 0.22 μ m bacteria filter filtration sterilization for subsequent use.2. take by weighing 15gNaOH; add redistilled water and be mixed with 250ml solution; pour in the there-necked flask; three mouths of there-necked flask lead to respectively nitrogen, connect condensing tube, jointing temp meter; again gained 25ml of upper step solution is added fast, passing under the nitrogen protection, flask is placed utilize DF-101S type heat collecting type constant temperature blender with magnetic force; keep 80 ℃ of reaction 1h, make gained Fe
3O
4The abundant ripening of microgranule.Continue stirring until cooling after reaction 1h finishes, the heat collecting type constant temperature blender with magnetic force refers to be heated container and is in fully among the strong heat radiation, and firing rate is three times of other plane heating magnetic stirring apparatus.Temperature is even, efficient is high, more adapts to balloon flask and carries out reacting by heating.3. upper step gained black liquor is poured the 1L beaker into, and permanent magnet is placed in the bottom, adds redistilled water.After atrament in magnetic field precipitates fully, abandon the upper strata supernatant, repeatedly wash black precipitate 4 times with redistilled water, be difficult for precipitation, and the prediction pH value was considered the Fe that makes at 8 o'clock
3O
4Neutrality, got rid of add the impact of soda acid.4. products therefrom utilizes freezer dryer vacuum lyophilization to save backup (through testing and verification, lyophilizing compares to the electric heating forced air drying and more easily makes granular disintegration, the easy conglomeration in bulk of oven dry product).
Step 2: the carboxymethyl chitosan that adopts the blend investment will have good aqueous solubility and biocompatibility is coated on the magnetic particle surface, preparation carboxymethyl chitosan magnetic nanocomposites (CMCTS-Fe
3O
4NP), the blend investment refers to the magnetic ultramicro powder is evenly dispersed in the hydrophilic macromolecule aqueous solution, mainly be by Van der Waals force, hydrogen bond, coordinate bond and covalent bond effect water miscible polymer substance to be wrapped in the inorganic magnetic particle surface, form the core-shell type magnetic macromolecular microsphere of polymer coating.
1. take by weighing the 140mg Fe of preparation lyophilizing
3O
4After nanoparticle was dissolved in the 40ml redistilled water, logical nitrogen deoxidation utilized the ultrasonic of ultrasonic washing unit at 65 ℃ magnetic particle to be uniformly dispersed, to make up the reaction environment of lower step and carboxymethyl chitosan.2. take by weighing 280mg carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCTS) water-soluble even in the 20ml second distillation, pour into fast in the step liquid, continue logical nitrogen deoxidation, ultrasonic lower 65 ℃ of reaction 1h.The black liquor that 3. will obtain at last utilizes externally-applied magnetic field precipitation, behind the impurity that does not coat except the reject supernatant, adds redistilled water again and is settled to 60ml, molten even CMCTS-Fe
3O
4The NP colloidal solution seals 4 ℃ and saves backup.
Step 3: take lactose as lactosylation reagent, make crosslinked group by the free amine group on the CMCTS molecule, by the asialoglycoprotein galactose part in the lactose in the reductive ammonification coupling, preparation has the carboxymethyl chitosan magnetic nanocomposites (Gal-CMCTS-Fe of the Lactose-modified of magnetic targeting and hepatic targeting simultaneously
3O
4NP): 1. with the 60ml CMCTS-Fe for preparing
3O
4The NP colloidal solution utilizes ultrasonic 37 ℃ to be uniformly dispersed.2. take by weighing the 336mg lactose and the 168mg sodium cyanoborohydride slowly adds in the step liquid, utilize ultrasonic at 37 ℃ of stirring reaction 1h.The black liquor that 3. will obtain at last utilizes the property of the molecular sieve of gel, through polydextran gel SephedaxG-25 column chromatography for separation, select 0.1mol/L ammonium bicarbonate soln eluting, the collection eluting partly is the Gal-CMCTS-Fe3O4NP colloidal solution than purification, and the vacuum lyophilization saves backup.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows the carboxymethyl chitosan magnetic nanocomposites (Gal-CMCTS-Fe that the present invention is prepared
3O
4NP) have good biocompatibility and DNA protective capability, little to cytotoxicity, have long cycle performance, a kind of comparatively desirable genophore of can yet be regarded as.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: embodiment of the invention structural formula schematic diagram;
Fig. 2: embodiment of the invention transfection hepatoma cell strain design sketch;
The specific embodiment
1. take by weighing 10.8g FeCl
3With 4g FeCl
2Add in the 50ml hydrochloric acid (the 1.7ml concentrated hydrochloric acid adds redistilled water and is settled to 50ml), not open close nitrogen removes oxygen in the solution in the process for preparation.Make orange solution with 0.22 μ m bacteria filter filtration sterilization, get 25ml for subsequent use.
2. take by weighing 15g NaOH, add redistilled water and be mixed with 250ml solution, pour there-necked flask into, the 25ml orange solution that will make before again adds fast.Flask is placed DF-101S type heat collecting type constant temperature blender with magnetic force, and solution leads to nitrogen protection, and flask connects condensing tube, and the jointing temp meter keeps 80 ℃ of reaction 1h, and solution is gradually by orange blackening, fully ripening Fe
3O
4Microgranule.After finishing, reaction 1h continues stirring until cooling.
3. will make black liquor and pour the 1L beaker into, the bottom external magnetic field adds an amount of resuspended microgranule of redistilled water.After precipitating fully, atrament in magnetic field abandons the supernatant.Redistilled water flushing black precipitate is approximately 4 times repeatedly, waits to be difficult for precipitation, surveys pH value approximately 8, considers to make Fe
3O
4Microgranule is neutral, affects without soda acid.The gained colloidal solution is 900ml approximately, takes a morsel to give the transmission electron microscope detection, turns out to be nano_scale particle, and particle diameter is 30nm approximately.Nearly 900ml colloidal solution freezer dryer lyophilizing makes Fe through weighing
3O
4Microgranule is 3.15g approximately, saves backup.
4. take by weighing the 140mg Fe of lyophilizing
3O
4Nanoparticle is resuspended in the 40ml redistilled water, utilizes the ultrasonic of ultrasonic washing unit that magnetic particle is uniformly dispersed.
5. take by weighing 280mg carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCTS) in the 20ml redistilled water, suitably add thermosol even, pour fast 40ml magnetic particle colloidal solution into and (contain Fe
3O
4Nanoparticle 140mg) in, logical nitrogen deoxidation, ultrasonic lower 65 ℃ of reaction 1h.
6. the gained black liquor utilizes externally-applied magnetic field precipitation, and the reject supernatant adds redistilled water and is settled to 60ml, ultra-sonic dispersion even CMCTS-Fe
3O
4The NP colloidal solution.
7. take by weighing the 336mg lactose and the 168mg sodium cyanoborohydride slowly adds the 60mlCMCTS-Fe that makes
3O
4In the NP colloidal solution, utilize ultrasonic at 37 ℃ of stirring reaction 1h.
8. products therefrom is utilized the property of the molecular sieve of gel, through polydextran gel SephedaxG-25 column chromatography for separation, select 0.1mol/L ammonium bicarbonate soln eluting, collect the eluting part and namely think and be the Gal-CMCTS-Fe than purification
3O
4The NP colloidal solution takes a morsel and gives the transmission electron microscope detection, turns out to be nanoscale, the circular granular of form rule, and particle diameter is 50nm approximately.With weighing after the end-product lyophilizing, gained Gal-CMCTS-Fe
3O
4NP is 160mg approximately, saves backup.
The prepared nanoparticle of the present invention is about 50nm through the Electronic Speculum detected magnitude, meets the requirement of genophore, and has good magnetic responsiveness.Can be effectively medicine or gene be sent to target cell, tissue in the body in order further to prove it, by external a series of simulation experiments its performance is studied.The result shows that the nanoparticle that makes to the combination of DNA, all shows stronger binding ability in sour environment or alkaline environment, and adhesion is the strongest during near the pH value of internal milieu.Different quality shows than the experiment of the gel electrophoresis in the situation and DNA precipitation, and nanoparticle is 3: 1 with the best combination ratio of DNA, and this moment, the combination rate of DNA can reach about 95%.Digestion by external DnaseI enzyme detects, and has proved that nanoparticle has good protective effect to DNA.The toxicity test demonstration contrasts under the same terms, and the nanoparticle that makes is significantly less than liposome to the toxic action of cell.In 300 μ g/ml concentration ranges, nanoparticle is safe to erythrocyte, does not show haemolysis.Obtained nano material and green fluorescence group pEGFP are formed complex, transfection hepatoma cell strain BEL-7402, transfection efficiency is higher, can reach about 50% (such as Fig. 2).
According to designed experimental procedure, get raw material 10.8g FeCl
3, 4g FeCl
2, 1.7ml concentrated hydrochloric acid, 15g NaOH, 6.3g carboxymethyl chitosan, 7.56g lactose and 3.78g sodium cyanoborohydride, can make impure Gal-CMCTS-Fe
3O
4NP colloidal solution 1.35L, through polydextran gel SephedaxG-25 column chromatography for separation, behind the selection 0.1mol/L ammonium bicarbonate soln eluting, through lyophilizing, can be than the Gal-CMCTS-Fe of purification
3O
4NP3.6g.And be used for zoopery as the genophore of efficient two targeting, and or be the Long-Term Clinical test, according to genes of interest plasmid DNA and carrier mass ratio 1: 3, plasmid DNA individuality aequum 20 μ g then extrapolated as carrier Gal-CMCTS-Fe
3O
4The individual aequum of NP is 60 μ g.The Gal-CMCTS-Fe that makes according to the initial setting material quantity
3O
4NP can be used for the drug targeting treatment that 60000 routine individualities carry out genes of interest.
Embodiment recited above is described preferred implementation of the present invention, is not that the spirit and scope of the present invention are limited, under the prerequisite that does not break away from design concept of the present invention, in this area
Various modification and improvement that common engineers and technicians make technical scheme of the present invention all should fall into protection scope of the present invention, and the technology contents that the present invention asks for protection all is documented in claims.
Claims (1)
1. lactosylation carboxymethyl chitosan Fe
3O
4The preparation method of nanoparticle genophore is characterized in that:
Step 1: adopt traditional co-precipitation method to utilize chemical formula Fe
2++ 2Fe
3++ 8OH
-→ Fe
3O
4+ 4H
2O prepares Fe
3O
4Nanoparticle, traditional co-precipitation method are the preparation methoies that produces magnetic macromolecular microsphere when generating magnetisable material, with the polymer substance dissolving, then add successively Fe first
2+And H
2O
2Or Fe
2+And Fe
3+, drip alkaline solution in the time of stirring, by oxidation precipitation or coprecipitation reaction, magnetisable material is wrapped to form the core-shell magnetic polymer microsphere once producing like this: 1. get the 1.7ml concentrated hydrochloric acid and add the redistilled water standardize solution to 50ml, take by weighing 10.8g FeCl
3With 4g FeCl
2Add wherein wiring solution-forming; in process for preparation in the solution not open close nitrogen deoxidation; to reduce oxygen to the impact of ionic components in solution; use that to get 25ml after the 0.22 μ m bacteria filter filtration sterilization for subsequent use; 2. take by weighing 15gNaOH; add redistilled water and be mixed with 250ml solution; pour in the there-necked flask; three mouths of there-necked flask lead to respectively nitrogen, connect condensing tube, jointing temp meter; again gained 25ml of upper step solution is added fast, passing under the nitrogen protection, flask is placed utilize DF-101S type heat collecting type constant temperature blender with magnetic force; keep 80 ℃ of reaction 1h, make gained Fe
3O
4The abundant ripening of microgranule, after finishing, reaction 1h continues stirring until cooling, the heat collecting type constant temperature blender with magnetic force refers to be heated container and is in fully among the strong heat radiation, firing rate is three times of other plane heating magnetic stirring apparatus, temperature is even, efficient is high, more adapt to balloon flask and carry out reacting by heating, 3. upper step gained black liquor is poured the 1L beaker into, permanent magnet is placed in the bottom, adds redistilled water, abandons the upper strata supernatant after atrament in magnetic field precipitates fully, repeatedly wash black precipitate 4 times with redistilled water, be difficult for precipitation, and the prediction pH value was considered the Fe that makes at 8 o'clock
3O
4Neutrality, got rid of add the impact of soda acid, 4. products therefrom utilizes freezer dryer vacuum lyophilization to save backup;
Step 2: the carboxymethyl chitosan that adopts the blend investment will have good aqueous solubility and biocompatibility is coated on the magnetic particle surface, preparation carboxymethyl chitosan magnetic nanocomposites (CMCTS-Fe
3O
4NP), the blend investment refers to the magnetic ultramicro powder is evenly dispersed in the hydrophilic macromolecule aqueous solution, mainly be by Van der Waals force, hydrogen bond, coordinate bond and covalent bond effect water miscible polymer substance to be wrapped in the inorganic magnetic particle surface, form the core-shell type magnetic macromolecular microsphere of polymer coating: the 140mg Fe that 1. takes by weighing the preparation lyophilizing
3O
4After nanoparticle is dissolved in the 40ml redistilled water, logical nitrogen deoxidation, utilize the ultrasonic of ultrasonic washing unit at 65 ℃ magnetic particle to be uniformly dispersed, to make up the reaction environment of lower step and carboxymethyl chitosan, 2. take by weighing 280mg carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCTS) water-soluble even in the 20ml second distillation, pour into fast in the step liquid, continue logical nitrogen deoxidation, ultrasonic lower 65 ℃ of reaction 1h, the black liquor that 3. will obtain at last utilizes the externally-applied magnetic field precipitation, the reject supernatant adds redistilled water again and is settled to 60ml to remove not the impurity that coats, molten even CMCTS-Fe
3O
4The NP colloidal solution seals 4 ℃ and saves backup;
Step 3: take lactose as lactosylation reagent, make crosslinked group by the free amine group on the CMCTS molecule, by the asialoglycoprotein galactose part in the lactose in the reductive ammonification coupling, preparation has the carboxymethyl chitosan magnetic nanocomposites (Gal-CMCTS-Fe of the Lactose-modified of magnetic targeting and hepatic targeting simultaneously
3O
4NP): 1. with the 60ml CMCTS-Fe for preparing
3O
4The NP colloidal solution utilizes ultrasonic 37 ℃ to be uniformly dispersed, 2. take by weighing the 336mg lactose and the 168mg sodium cyanoborohydride slowly adds in the step liquid, utilize ultrasonic at 37 ℃ of stirring reaction 1h, the black liquor that 3. will obtain at last utilizes the property of the molecular sieve of gel, through polydextran gel SephedaxG-25 column chromatography for separation, select 0.1mol/L ammonium bicarbonate soln eluting, the collection eluting partly is the Gal-CMCTS-Fe304NP colloidal solution than purification, and the vacuum lyophilization saves backup.
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| CN104758940A (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2015-07-08 | 中国海洋大学 | Nano gene compound with chitosan as matrix and preparation method of nano gene compound |
| CN109125293B (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2020-12-18 | 浙江理工大学 | Preparation method of anti-liver cancer nano-particles loaded with two drugs and having double-layer controlled release-magnetic targeting-photo-thermal-magnetic thermal functions |
| CN110152023B (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2022-05-17 | 国家纳米科学中心 | T-shaped support1-T2Dual nuclear magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent and preparation method and application thereof |
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