CN102307692B

CN102307692B - A cutting tool holder and a cutting insert therefor

Info

Publication number: CN102307692B
Application number: CN200980156317.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 格申·哈里夫
Original assignee: No Screw Ltd
Current assignee: No Screw Ltd
Priority date: 2008-12-10
Filing date: 2009-12-10
Publication date: 2014-01-29
Anticipated expiration: 2029-12-10
Also published as: EP2376252A2; WO2010067369A3; WO2010067369A9; WO2010067369A2; CN102307692A

Abstract

According to the subject matter of the present application there is provided a reversible cutting insert (1200) comprising top face (1210T), a bottom face (1210B), at least one side wall (1212) extending therebetween. The cutting insert is further formed with a central bore (1216) having a central axis (X), the central bore extending between the top face and the bottom face. The central bore is formed with at least a first inner surface (1220) and a second inner surface (1230), each extending between the top face and the bottom face. Each of the first and the second surface has a respective first top rim (1222T) and second top rim (1232T) at the top face and a respective first and second bottom rim (1222B) at the bottom face (1232B). The maximal distance R1 between the first bottom rim (1222B) and the central axis X is greater than the maximal distance r1 between the first top rim and the central axis X, and the maximal distance R2 from the central axis X of the second top rim is greater than the maximal distance r2 between the second bottom rim and the central axis X.

Description

Cutting tool retainer and for the cutting insert of cutting tool retainer

Invention field

The application relates to variation and the improvement of cutting tool, cutting tool retainer (cutting tool holder) and cutting insert (cutting insert), relates in particular to the fixture for cutting insert.

Background of invention

When being used to cutting operation, especially, when cutting the hard material of metal for example, the cutting edge of cutting tool promptly weares and teares, thereby cutting tool must be changed or resharpen continually.Being permitted in eurypalynous cutting machine of for example Milling Machine, cutting tool is included in formed a plurality of this cutting edges in the cutting insert in the seat being fixed in cutting tool.Each this cutting insert generally includes a plurality of cutting edges, by make cutting insert transposition in the respective seat of cutting tool (indexing) make described a plurality of cutting edge in cutting operation by sequentially orientation.

In conventional cutting tool, by securing member is entered to the bottom of the seat in cutting tool through the hole in cutting insert, and cutting insert is attached in the seat of cutting tool.Transposition cutting insert to be can use another cutting edge, and this need to remove securing member, make cutting insert orientation and cutting insert being attached at again in the seat of cutting tool again.Each operation holding time and work in these operations, and because cutting tool generally includes a plurality of this cutting inserts, by cutting insert guiding shared time and labour cost in cutting tool, be therefore sizable.

Summary of the invention

The object of this invention is to provide a kind of cutting tool and for the cutting insert of this cutting tool, it can make the transposition of cutting insert realize within the minimum time and with minimum work.Another object of the present invention is to provide a cutting tool and cutting insert thereof, it does not need to use independently securing member, this independently securing member for allowing cutting insert to be arranged on cutting tool and allowing attached in transposition operating period and separate cutting insert and be inserted into and remove.

According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of cutting tool retainer, it is suitable for having end face, bottom surface and be formed with the cutting insert in the insert hole with the inner surface extending between described end face and described bottom surface mounted thereto, described retainer comprise by basal surface and with angled at least one sidewall of described basal surface define seat, there is axially bored line and there is the seat hole at the openend of the bottom surface of described seat, and for described cutting insert being fixed on to the fixed mechanism of described seat, described fixed mechanism comprises shift unit and steady pin, described steady pin is contained in described seat hole and has main body and define pin axis along described steady pin, described main body has the outer surface extending between the near-end of described main body and far-end, described shift unit is suitable for making described steady pin along axially bored line axially displacement between at least the first installation site and the second fixed position in described seat hole, at far-end described in described the first installation site, in described seat hole, give prominence to, through described basal surface, enter described seat and arrive the first degree, to allow described cutting insert to be placed in described seat, the bottom surface that makes described cutting insert is against described basal surface align (align), at far-end described in described the second fixed position, in described seat hole, give prominence to, through described basal surface, enter described seat, arrival is greater than the second degree of described the first degree, to allow to engage the inner surface in described insert hole, thus that described insert is fixing in place.

Should be understood that term " alignment " refers to such configuration, parallel to each other substantially in bottom surface described in this configuration and described basal surface.Should also be understood that described bottom surface and described basal surface are not to contact with each other, can be separated from one another.

In addition, should also be understood that using hereinafter term " installation site " to define such ，Gai position, position not only allows cutting insert to be arranged on retainer, but also allow cutting insert to dismantle from retainer, and cutting insert is released into and allows to change its orientation to a certain degree.

Can arrange like this, at near-end described in two positions, all can be positioned at described seat hole.Alternatively, according to another example, described seat hole can be suitable for holding middle device, and this middle device has the hole that is suitable for holding described steady pin, in this case, is all positioned at the hole of described middle device at near-end described in two positions.

Described cutting insert also can be formed with side, wherein when cutting insert be fixed on cutting tool retainer seat in time, steady pin is suitable for pressure to be applied on the inner surface in described insert hole, to promote the firm engagement of described at least one sidewall of described at least one side and described seat.Described cutting insert also can be formed with another side that comprises cutting edge.

The layout of the inner surface of described steady pin and described cutting insert can be so that the inner surface of pin axis and described cutting insert be angled, direction along described at least one sidewall is applied to described inner surface by pressure thus, that is, make being defined in inner surface and being fastened between the far-end and described sidewall of described steady pin in the face of the part between described at least one side of the sidewall of described seat of cutting insert.This layout can be by any realization the in configuration below:

-steady pin has surperficial part, and pin axis is angled perpendicular to the basal surface of described seat and inner surface and its bottom surface of described cutting insert;

-pin axis and basal surface are angled,, are not orthogonal to the inner surface of basal surface and described cutting insert perpendicular to described bottom surface that is; And

-pin axis and inner surface are angled with the basal surface of seat and the bottom surface of cutting insert respectively, i.e. out of plumb.

In this connection, it shall yet further be noted that at the basal surface of described seat and the angle between described at least one sidewall and be not limited to acute angle, and can be right angle (90 °), can be even obtuse angle.

Described shift unit can be the device separated with steady pin, and is suitable for mechanically engaging the near-end of steady pin or steady pin, so that the displacement of device causes steady pin displacement in axial direction.The example of this device can be bias spring, bolt or the chock that is suitable for pressing against steady pin.

Especially, when as above advise use bias spring time, can arrange like this, steady pin is biased spring and promotes consistently to enter in described fixed position.Therefore, the position of steady pin is converted to installation site can by bias spring simply depress realize.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of steady pin and a kind of bias spring are provided, and this bias spring is formed with by bias spring and in the firm engagement of its other end and cutting tool retainer, is suitable for the device that prevents that steady pin from throwing off from cutting tool retainer in the firm engagement of its one end and steady pin and by bias spring.

Before cutting insert is installed on cutting tool maintenance stand, for steady pin is moved into its installation site from its fixed position, can press steady pin by cutting insert self, so that the bottom surface of cutting insert applies pressure thereon.After this, cutting insert can be by laterally displacement (all the time steady pin is maintained present hole in), until the hole of cutting insert aligns with steady pin, utilizes bias spring to cause that steady pin gets back to the displacement of its fixed position.Therefore, due to the interaction of pin and cutting insert, thereby the displacement that makes steady pin get back to its fixed position realized by oneself, and without any need for other instrument or operation.

Especially, for cutting insert is discharged from retainer, can on steady pin, realize pressing for bias spring by pressure is applied to.According to an example, can form like this cutting insert, be that insert hole is at two ends, i.e. opening all in end face and bottom surface, wherein compression tools (pressure instrument) can insert in the hole through the end face of insert, with the far-end that applies pressure to steady pin for pressing for bias spring.According to another example, described steady pin can be formed with recess (nook), and described retainer or described cutting insert be formed with recess, and this recess is arranged to align with described recess at place, described fixed position.Therefore, compression tools can insert described recess to be received in described recess, and pressure can be applied to described steady pin for pressing for bias spring.

Alternatively, steady pin can form with shift unit, so that sell along the displacement of a direction, causes its axial moving.An example of this layout can be a kind of like this situation, and described steady pin is formed with the external screw thread in the internal thread that can be received in described seat hole in this case, so that the rotation of pin causes its advancing in axial direction.Steady pin can be formed with bolt head at one end thereof place, and this bolt head is suitable for receiving for example this throw that is suitable for rotating steady pin of screwdriver.

Especially, described steady pin can be designed so that its far-end is formed with bolt head, and wherein said throw is suitable for from top, engaging steady pin, first through described cutting insert, carrys out draw bolt head.In this case, insert hole can all have opening at end face and bottom surface.Alternatively, described near-end can be formed with described bolt head, and wherein said throw is suitable for from bottom, engaging steady pin, first through retainer, carrys out draw bolt head.

Yet as limited above, when steady pin is shifted between installation site and fixed position, no matter whether steady pin is formed with bolt head, the far-end of steady pin is all shifted away from basal surface and moves in seat.

For above example, should note, installation, dismounting or inversion required time of cutting insert are less than the spent time of similar operations in conventional cutting tool (bolt connection) substantially, have obtained especially thus changing the method for simplifying (for example pressing spring) of steady pin position and have made steady pin retain all the time the fact in present hole.For example, this feature below can reduce to lose in this operating period the risk of bolt.It shall yet further be noted that and carry out the quantity that the above remarkable minimizing that operates required time quantum has proportionally increased the cutting insert using in cutting tool.

Described tool holder can be formed with the sidewall of two vicinities, and seat can be modified to be suitable for holding cutting insert, thus make cutting insert two vicinities side with the sidewall of described two vicinities align.The sidewall of two vicinities of seat also can be formed with a standing part, and seat standing part is suitable for engaging securely the insert standing part of the coupling in the side of two vicinities that are formed on cutting insert.The standing part of described side and sidewall can form the connection (male/female type connection) of insertion/indent type.For example, described side can be formed with ditch, ditch is parallel to substantially described basal surface extension and is defined by the first ditch surface and the second ditch surface at an angle to each other along described side, and described sidewall can be formed with corresponding projection, this projection is similarly extended and angledly with the first convex surfaces and the second convex surfaces being contained in described ditch, is defined by matching each other.Angle between ditch surface can be changed to 30 ° from 150 °.

In operation, different load are applied to cutting insert, especially along substantially perpendicular to the axial load of the direction of described basal surface, it can cause that bottom surface engages with basal surface releasing.Yet, as long as the basal surface of the bottom surface that prevents cutting insert with respect to described is along the direction sliding transfer that deviates from described sidewall, engaging between the standing part of present sidewall described above and the standing part of the side of cutting insert can be so that cutting insert be suitable for sustaining described axial load.That is to say, as long as prevent that the standing part of side from departing from from the standing part of sidewall, cutting insert just can sustain axial load and can prevent that bottom surface from departing from from basal surface.

For this object, described tool holder can be formed with braking element and described cutting insert can be formed with brake portion, brake portion be suitable for be installed in tool holder seat on time to prevent that the mode of described sliding transfer from engaging described braking element.According to one embodiment of present invention, described steady pin also can form braking element, wherein thereby the pressure that is applied to the inner surface of cutting insert can prevent described sliding transfer.

In addition, described cutting tool is also suitable for bearing circumferential load, and the load applying along the direction that is parallel to the basal surface of tool holder and the bottom surface of cutting insert respectively makes to exert pressure against the sidewall of described seat.According to concrete example, sidewall can acutangulate with basal surface, and described side can acutangulate with bottom surface accordingly.This layout can make the pressure that is applied to side due to circumferential load cause wedge effect, and wedge effect produces downward pressure on cutting insert, makes the bottom surface of cutting insert press to securely the basal surface of seat.It shall yet further be noted that angle makes wedge effect be enough to overcome the static friction producing between side and sidewall.

Described cutting tool retainer can be used for various cutting operations such as milling, brill, turning etc., and can be suitable for holding a plurality of cutting inserts simultaneously.

According to the embodiment of a specific design of the present invention, described cutting tool retainer can be used for milling machine operation, and described cutting insert is milling insert in this case.Described tool holder can be suitable for holding a plurality of milling inserts.

According to the embodiment of another specific design of the present invention, described cutting tool retainer is the drilling tool retainer being suitable for around central axis rotation, and described cutting insert is the form of drill bit.Described drill bit can comprise drill main body and setting element, and drill main body has the mounting portion that comprises the brill part of at least one cutting edge and be suitable for engaging with fixed mechanism.In addition, described drill main body can be formed with a plurality of main parts, and each main part comprises bores part and fixed mechanism.Therefore, described tool holder can be formed with a plurality of parts, and a plurality of parts are suitable for securely fixed mechanism being contained in wherein.

Fixed mechanism can be formed with insert hole and bottom surface and side, and insert hole is suitable for holding the steady pin of cutting tool, and bottom surface and side are suitable for aliging with sidewall against corresponding basal surface similar in appearance to previous described mode.Particularly, can arrange like this, the sidewall that is tool holder is resisted layout (counter-disposed), wherein drill bit is firmly held in suitable position, and because sidewall prevents that drill bit is for example, along a direction (CW) rotation and because steady pin prevents from rotating to another direction (CCW).

Significant be, insert hole in drill bit can be the form of closed pore, be that hole is the form with the hole of closed contour, in all sides, take the surface that forms hole is boundary, or insert hole can be the form of perforate, hole is the form with the open slot of opening profile, for example, there is semi-circular cross-section, so that the surface that forms hole is only along the part of its profile around hole.The latter's design that should be understood that insert hole can be used for the various cutting tools of instruments such as milling, turning, and is not limited to drilling tool (drilling tool).

Additionally, the basal surface of the seat of cutting tool can have the conical configuration with respect to its central axis, for example, have outward flange and inward flange, and outward flange is oriented to axially lower than inward flange.The bottom surface of the brill part of drill bit can have corresponding opposite configuration, has outward flange and inward flange, and outward flange is oriented to axially higher than inward flange.Such configuration can be convenient to drill bit with respect to tool holder automatically from centering.

Described setting element can be suitable for aliging with the corresponding localization part of described tool holder.For example, described setting element can be the extension that can be contained in the corresponding aperture of described tool holder.The localization part of drill bit and the localization part of tool holder can be formed with bayonet apparatus (bayonet arrangement), further to prevent that drill bit from departing from from tool holder.

Cutting tool can be variable-diameter cutting tool, and this variable-diameter cutting tool is suitable for around its central axis rotation and is suitable for holding at least two cutting inserts circumferentially arranging around central axis.Described cutting tool also can comprise diameter regulating device, and diameter regulating device is suitable for making cutting insert to be radially shifted with respect to described central axis, to increase/to reduce the circumference enveloping surface (circumference envelope) of cutting tool.

Especially, described diameter regulating device can make its part form the sidewall of described seat, with respect to basal surface, from central shaft alignment other places, tilts.Therefore, described sidewall can be at contiguous described basal surface and in radius r ₁place is with the separated near-end of central axis with away from basal surface and in radius r ₂> r ₁between place and the separated far-end of central axis, extend.Accordingly, cutting insert can be formed with the side with respect to its inclined bottom surface, and extend between the top of contiguous described end face and the bottom of contiguous described bottom surface this side.Angle between described side and bottom surface can be the angle that allows the side of cutting insert and the sidewall of diameter regulating device to align.

Described diameter regulating device can be suitable for respect to described basal surface displacement, and especially, can be shifted and make the far-end of described sidewall change its axial location with respect to basal surface.

Therefore, displacement due to diameter regulating device, each cutting insert can fully be shifted between crossover position and second portion ground crossover position first, the top of each cutting insert is at the first far-end of the sidewall of contiguous diameter regulating device in crossover position fully, the near-end of the top of each cutting insert sidewall of contiguous diameter regulating device in second portion ground crossover position.It shall yet further be noted that described cutting insert can be in described fully crossover position and partly different place, the centre position appearance between crossover position.

For example, described diameter change element can be the screw with the conical head that forms sidewall, and wherein bolt tightens and unscrew and cause the axially displaced of its head and thereby under the help of wedge effect, cause the radial displacement of cutting insert.

In the situation that tool holder of the present invention is drilling tool retainer, the extended element that is suitable for therewith using can be provided, described extended element has the main body of extending along central axis, and extended element is formed with and is suitable for the drill bit of described drilling tool retainer extended element fixed mechanism mounted thereto at its far-end, and be formed with and be suitable for described extended element to be arranged on the extended element mounting portion on described drilling tool retainer at its near-end, described fixed mechanism is substantially similar in appearance to the fixed mechanism of described drilling tool retainer, and described mounting portion is substantially similar in appearance to the mounting portion of described drill bit, and the main body of wherein said extended element is formed with groove along central axis, groove is suitable for getting rid of chip, this chip is equivalent to those chips that form on drill bit and/or drilling tool retainer.

It should be noted that extended element can be suitable for using in other cutting tools such as lathe tool, milling cutter.

Use above disclosed extended element, first drilling tool can be by being fixed to drilling tool retainer by the mounting portion of the proximal end of extended element, then described drill bit is arranged on the standing part of far-end of described extended element and is stretched.

Should be understood that extended element can be configured to different diameters and length, to allow operator to select expediently the needed extended element for action required.Especially, the tool set (kit) that comprises one group of extended element can be set.Described group can comprise at least one in following:

I. many extended elements, it has similar diameter but length is different; With

Ii. many extended elements, it has similar length but diameter is different.

According to the embodiment of another design, described cutting insert can have the circular form that defines rotation, and the cylindrical sides of extending between its end face and bottom surface, so that cutting edge is defined between end face and cylindrical sides.Described cutting insert can be suitable for during cutting operation around described rotation rotation.

In operation, when cutting insert starts to contact with workpiece to be cut, the load that is applied to cutting insert prevents cutting insert rotation, especially due to the stiction increasing between the bottom surface at cutting insert and the basal surface of described seat.Yet, once removing, cutting insert and workpiece engage,, in the situation that cutting insert and workpiece releasing are connected, the load on cutting insert reduces sharp.In the situation that this is special, than tool holder and steady pin, there is the time interval in a moment that cutting insert is no longer contacted with workpiece.Within this specific time interval, the pressure being applied to by steady pin on the inner surface in insert hole has slight reducing, thereby allows cutting insert to carry out slight rotatablely moving around its rotation.

The above-mentioned time interval is very short, and allows cutting insert around rotation, to carry out the rotation of very small angles.For example, when cutting tool, can carry out approximately per minute 3000 while turning (RPM), cutting insert can take 15 minutes to be completed a whole circle and rotates, and cutting tool often turns 45,000 circles and cutting insert carries out a circle.

This layout can provide the constant dynamic change of cutting edge, and does not need operator's interference.Constant change cutting edge can help to extend the operational use time of cutting tool.

Circular cutting insert also can be formed with the rib (as rake (rake)) being arranged on its top surface, rib be arranged so that during cutting operation cutting insert be forced to only along a direction rotation.

About this respect, it should be noted that the rotation of being helped circular cutting insert by concrete erecting device according to the present invention.That is to say, in routine is installed, use screw fastener, cutting insert aspect its motion, be subject to more restriction and carry out the possibility of constant dynamic rotary around its axis less.

According to another aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of cutting insert, it is configured to together with the cutting tool retainer with previous aspect of the present invention and uses.

Especially, described cutting insert can be configured to together with the fixed mechanism with the cutting tool retainer of previous aspect of the present invention and operate.

According to a further aspect of the invention, a kind of cutting insert is provided, it is suitable for being arranged on the seat of cutting tool retainer, seat has basal surface and the sidewall of at least two vicinities of extending from basal surface, described cutting insert has the side of end face and bottom surface and at least two vicinities, between end face and bottom surface, define central axis, and extend between described end face and described bottom surface the side of at least two vicinities, make when described cutting insert is installed on described seat described in bottom surface and the alignment of described basal surface; Each side in the side of described two vicinities is formed with insert lock part, insert lock part is suitable for being installed in the corresponding seat lock part in each sidewall that engages securely the sidewall that is formed on described two vicinities when described seat is gone up when described cutting insert, prevents that thus described bottom surface is with respect to the displacement in axial direction of described basal surface; Described cutting insert is also formed with brake portion, brake portion is suitable for engaging the corresponding braking element of described cutting tool retainer when described cutting insert is fixed on described seat, thereby prevent that described bottom surface is with respect to the sliding transfer of described basal surface, guarantee thus the firm engagement between described insert lock part and described seat lock part.

According to a further aspect of the invention, providing a kind of comprises according to the cutting tool retainer of previous aspect of the present invention and the cutting tool of cutting insert.

According to a further aspect of the invention, provide a kind of for cutting insert being according to an aspect of the present invention arranged on to the method on the seat of cutting tool retainer according to another aspect of the present invention, described method comprises:

-steady pin of described tool holder is moved into the first installation site, in described the first installation site, the far-end of steady pin is given prominence in seat hole, enters described seat arrive the first degree through described basal surface;

-described cutting insert is placed on to described seat above, so that align with the basal surface of described seat in the bottom surface of described cutting insert; And

-mobile described steady pin enters the second fixed position, at far-end described in described the second fixed position, in seat hole, give prominence to, through described basal surface, enter in described seat, arrival is greater than the second degree of described the first degree, to engage the inner surface in described insert hole, thus described insert is fixing in place.

According to another aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of can inverted cutting insert, it comprises end face, bottom surface, at least one sidewall extending between end face and bottom surface, with the centre bore with central axis X, described centre bore extends between described end face and described bottom surface, and be formed with at least the first inner surface and the second inner surface, each inner surface extends between described end face and described bottom surface, and there is the first top edge and the second top edge separately and in described bottom surface, there is the first feather edge and the second feather edge separately at described end face, wherein, ultimate range R between described the first feather edge and described central axis X ₁be greater than the ultimate range r between described the first top edge and described central axis X ₁, and described the second top edge is from the ultimate range R of described central axis X ₂be greater than the ultimate range r between described the second feather edge and described central axis X ₂.

According to an example, each in described the first inner surface and described the second inner surface can be plane surface, and the first and second top edge and the first and second feather edges are the form of straight line substantially in this case.When each in these surfaces is arranged symmetrically with respect to central axis, the distance of their decentre axis changes between the minimum range of the center of these lines in the ultimate range of the end of these lines.In addition, the minimum range R between described the first feather edge and described central axis in this case ₁' be greater than the minimum range r between described the first top edge and described central axis X ₁', and the minimum range R between described the second top edge and described central axis X ₂' be greater than the minimum range r between described the second feather edge and described central axis X ₂'.

According to another example, each in described the first inner surface and described the second inner surface can be the curved surface of conical surface for example, and each in described the first and second top edge and the first and second feather edges is the form of a part for circle in this case.When each in described the first inner surface and the second inner surface arranged symmetrically with respect to described central axis, in each in the first and second top edge and the first and second feather edges to have a decentre axis be equidistant.

If overturning, second surface can be identical with first surface, in this case distance R ₁equal distance R ₂and apart from r ₁equal apart from r ₂.Due to this design of the inner surface in the hole in cutting insert described above, thereby allow the inversion of insert to use.

The hole of described cutting insert can be formed with a plurality of inner surfaces.Particularly, depend on top cutting edge in insert and the quantity of end cutting edge, described hole can be formed with the individual inner surface of even number (four, six, eight etc.) that is greater than two.In this case, inner surface can alternating sequence be arranged, and have from the distance of described central axis be greater than its corresponding feather edge from each inner surface of the top edge of the distance of described central axis by contiguous have from the distance of described central axis be less than its corresponding feather edge from the inner surface of the top edge of the distance of described central axis.

The edge of each inner surface depends on the quantity of inner surface around the angle of circumference scope (circumferential angular extension) of the central axis in hole.Especially, for n surface, the circumference range at each edge will be 360 °/n.Especially, for have cutting edge at the bottom of at least two top cutting edges and at least two and correspondingly four inner surfaces can inverted indexable cutting insert, the circumference range at each edge will be 90 °.

The formation of inner surface described above allows to utilize the cutting tool retainer of a first aspect of the present invention in any operating position of insert, to use according to the cutting insert aspect current of the present invention.

A kind of mould of the cutting insert for the manufacture of previous aspect of the present invention is provided according to a further aspect of the invention.

This mould comprises the first mold component and the second mold component, each member comprises having the main body of front surface and be formed with mold cavity in described front surface, described mold cavity is defined by chamber substrate surface and at least one chamber sidewall and has a central axis perpendicular to described substrate surface, each mold component also comprises outstanding and substantially perpendicular to the molded element of described chamber substrate surface from described chamber substrate surface, described molded element is formed with the rising surface (elevated surface) of rising from described substrate surface and the outer surface extending between described substrate surface and described rising surface, so that molded element forms the chamber basal edge that the intersecting lens by outer surface and chamber substrate surface defines and the rising edge being defined by the intersecting lens between described outer surface and described rising surface, wherein, described substrate limit is greater than described rising limit from the distance of described central axis from the distance of described central axis.

In can the manufacture of inverted cutting insert, mold component is reached and contact with each other, thereby being formed together, its mold cavity defines a mold cavity of the shape of manufactured cutting insert.In mold position, mold component can be by orientation so that its front surface separately flush against each other, and make mold component each rising flush separately against the substrate surface separately of relative mold component.

Described in each, the outer surface of mold component can be plane surface.Alternatively, it can be conical curved surface for example.

Especially, previously described have four inner surfaces can the example of inverted cutting insert in, the mold cavity of each in mold component can be the square dies chamber of being defined by four chamber sidewalls that extend perpendicular to substrate surface.Central axis can extend from square center.

For purposes of clarity, can limit two other transverse axis X and Y, both at substrate surface place, chamber and central axis, intersect and extend between two pairs of chamber sidewalls vis-a-vis.

The molded element of each mold component can be formed with along X-axis to be arranged and about two tapered segments of Y-axis symmetry, so that extend along Y-axis between described part in two gaps.Therefore, each tapered segment can have the basal edge arc arranged on substrate surface and rise to the rising marginal arc above substrate surface.Can be such design, basal edge arc has the radius R with respect to central axis, and rising marginal arc has the radius r with respect to central axis.The size that it shall yet further be noted that R and r can be corresponding to distance R and the r of inner surface that can inverted cutting insert.In addition, each tapered segment can be corresponding to inner surface that can inverted cutting insert in shape and size.

In the mill, in disclosed mold position above, the second mold component is positioned in respect to 90 ° of the first mold components and locates, so that its tapered segment extends along Y-axis now.Therefore,, in mold position, the tapered segment of the second mold component is accommodated in the gap between the tapered segment of the first mold component.

After pressing process, once can be pressed under desired condition by inverted cutting insert stampings, the second mold component can be removed, thereby allows from the first mold component, to extract out by inverted cutting insert stampings.Should note, above advised design also allow to manufacture inter alia such can inverted cutting insert, this can have at least two conical surfaces (tapering surface) by inverted cutting insert, each conical surface described can inverted cutting insert end face and bottom surface between extend, one has positive angle, another has negative angle, and does not need otch (undercut).

According to a further aspect of the invention, provide a kind of according to the cutting tool retainer of previous aspect of the present invention, this cutting tool retainer comprises the steady pin with the faceted portion (faceted portion) forming at its far-end.

Cutting tool retainer can be suitable for the cutting insert that comprises main body to be arranged on the seat of cutting tool retainer, this main body is formed with the insert hole of facet, wherein, the face forming on the faceted portion of steady pin can be designed to, when cutting insert is fixed on cutting tool retainer, steady pin makes described steady pin at least one face with respect to the orientation of cutting insert and at least one corresponding face of described cutting insert form the contact of surperficial effects on surface.

According to an example, described cutting tool retainer can be designed to, when described cutting insert is installed on described cutting tool retainer, the face of at least two vicinities of steady pin forms contacting of surperficial effects on surface with the face of at least two vicinities of described cutting insert.According to another example, described cutting tool can be designed to, and when described cutting insert is installed on described cutting tool retainer, an only face of steady pin forms contacting of surperficial effects on surface with an only face of described cutting insert.

According to a further aspect of the invention, provide a kind of cutting insert that comprises main body, this main body has the insert hole of facet.

According to a further aspect of the invention, provide a kind of steady pin with faceted portion.

Brief description of the drawings

In order to understand the present invention and understand how can realize the present invention in practice, now by only in the mode of non-limiting example and describe embodiment with reference to accompanying drawing, in the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is the schematic sectional view comprising according to the typical cutting tool of the cutting tool retainer of prior art and cutting insert;

Fig. 2 A is the schematic sectional view comprising according to the cutting tool of the cutting tool retainer of an embodiment of the invention and cutting insert;

Fig. 2 B is the schematic sectional view of cutting tool according to another aspect of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the schematic plan of the cutting tool shown in Fig. 2 B;

Fig. 4 A-4C is mounted to the cutting insert shown in Fig. 2 B and Fig. 3 the schematic sectional view of three phases related in the seat of the cutting tool retainer shown in phase diagram;

Fig. 5 is the schematic sectional view of a kind of modification of the cutting tool shown in Fig. 2 B and Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 is the schematic plan of cutting tool and the cutting insert of Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is the schematic sectional view that the another kind of the cutting tool shown in Fig. 2 B and Fig. 3 is revised;

Fig. 8-11st, according to the schematic sectional view of the cutting tool of different embodiments of the present invention;

Figure 12 is the schematic sectional view of cutting tool according to another implementation of the invention;

Figure 13 is the schematic plan for the upper face of the cutting insert of the cutting tool shown in Figure 12, and steady pin is removed to demonstrate the configuration of its mesopore;

Figure 14 is the schematic plan similar in appearance to the structure of Figure 13, and shows steady pin;

Figure 15 is according to the schematic sectional view of the another kind structure of the cutting tool of another embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 16 is according to the schematic sectional view of the cutting tool of another embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 17-20th, illustrates according to the schematic sectional view of the cutting tool of another embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 21 is the schematic sectional view of cutting tool according to another implementation of the invention;

Figure 22-24th, adopts according to the schematic sectional view of the cutting tool of the different cutting inserts of different embodiments of the present invention;

Figure 25 is the schematic sectional view of the cutting tool of another embodiment that can inverted cutting insert according to employing of the present invention;

Figure 26 A-26C is the schematic plan of three different embodiments of the cutting tool shown in Figure 25;

Figure 27 A-27C is according to the schematic plan of three of the above embodiment of cutting tool of the present invention other versions;

Figure 28 A is the schematic sectional view similar in appearance to another embodiment of the cutting tool of the cutting tool shown in Figure 25;

Figure 28 B-28D is respectively schematic side view, top view and the perspective view of the steady pin that uses in the cutting tool shown in Figure 28 a;

Figure 28 E-28G is respectively the perspective partial view of schematic plan, sectional view and the disconnection of the cutting insert shown in Figure 28 a;

Figure 29 A-29C is schematic perspective view, side view and the top view of another embodiment of the steady pin that uses in the cutting tool shown in Figure 28 a;

Figure 30 A is according to the schematic sectional view of the cutting tool of another embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 30 B is the schematic plan of the cutting tool shown in Figure 30 a;

Figure 30 C is the perspective schematic view of the steady pin shown in Figure 30 a;

Figure 31 A is the schematic decomposition diagram according to the cutting tool of another embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 31 B is the schematic top plan view of the cutting tool shown in Figure 31 a;

Figure 31 C is the perspective view of the steady pin that uses in the cutting tool shown in Figure 31 a;

Figure 32 A is the schematic decomposition diagram of another embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 32 B is the schematic top plan view of Figure 32 a;

Figure 32 C is the perspective schematic view of the steady pin that uses in the cutting tool shown in Figure 32 a;

Figure 32 D is the schematic sectional view of the cutting insert that uses in the cutting tool shown in Figure 32 a;

Figure 32 E is the schematic sectional view of the spring holder (spring disc) that uses in the cutting tool shown in Figure 32 a;

Figure 33 is the schematic sectional view of cutting tool according to another implementation of the invention;

Figure 34 A-34C is the schematic sectional view of three phases according to another implementation of the invention cutting insert being mounted in the seat of cutting tool retainer;

Figure 35 is according to the schematic sectional view of the cutting tool of another embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 36 is the schematic sectional view of the operation of the cutting tool shown in explanation Figure 35;

Figure 37 is according to the schematic, exploded perspective view of the cutting tool retainer of another embodiment of the present invention and triangle cutting insert;

Figure 38 is according to the schematic, exploded perspective view of the cutting tool retainer of another embodiment of the present invention and rectangle cutting insert;

Figure 39 A is the schematic sectional view of the cutting insert shown in Figure 38;

Figure 39 B is according to the isometric cross-sectional view of the cutting tool of another embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 40 is the perspective view partly decomposing of milling tool according to another implementation of the invention and a plurality of cutting inserts;

Figure 41 is the perspective view that comprises the milling tool of a plurality of circular cutting inserts according to another implementation of the invention;

Figure 42 is the partly exploded view of the milling tool shown in Figure 41;

Figure 43 is the top view of the amplification of one of cutting insert of using in the milling tool shown in Figure 41 and Figure 42;

Figure 44 is the perspective section view of the amplification of the cutting insert shown in Figure 43;

Figure 45 A is the isometric chart that comprises the drilling tool of drilling tool retainer according to another implementation of the invention and drill bit;

Figure 45 B is the isometric chart of the amplification of the thin A of portion shown in Figure 45 A;

Figure 45 C is the isometric chart of the thin A of portion shown in Figure 45 B and that removed drill bit;

Figure 45 D is the top view of the drilling tool shown in Figure 45 A;

Figure 45 E is the sectional view along a part for the drilling tool of the line A-A intercepting shown in Figure 45 D;

Figure 45 F is the sectional view along a part for the drilling tool of the line B-B intercepting shown in Figure 45 D;

Figure 45 G is the enlarged drawing of the thin B of portion shown in Figure 45 D;

Figure 45 H to Figure 45 L is respectively isometric chart, side view, top view, front view and the upward view of the drill bit that uses in the drilling tool of Figure 45 A to Figure 45 F;

Figure 46 is the sectional view of a part for drilling tool according to another implementation of the invention;

Figure 46 A is according to the schematic sectional view of a part for the drilling tool of another embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 47 A and Figure 47 B are isometric chart and the top views of variable-diameter cutting tool according to the embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 47 C is the sectional view along the line B-B intercepting shown in Figure 47 B;

Figure 47 D is the sectional view of a part shown in Figure 47 A to Figure 47 C and the cutting tool in other exercisable position;

Figure 48 A and Figure 48 B are isometric chart and the top views of variable-diameter cutting tool shown in Figure 47 A to Figure 47 C and that removed cutting insert;

Figure 48 C is the sectional view along the line B-B intercepting shown in Figure 48 B;

Figure 49 A and Figure 49 B are isometric chart and the top views of variable-diameter cutting tool according to another implementation of the invention;

Figure 49 C is the sectional view along the line A-A intercepting shown in Figure 47 B;

Figure 50 be comprise according to a further aspect of the invention can inverted cutting insert the schematic isometric chart of cutting tool;

Figure 51 A be shown in Figure 50 can inverted cutting insert schematic isometric chart;

Figure 51 B be shown in Figure 50 can inverted cutting insert schematic plan;

Figure 51 C be shown in Figure 50 can inverted cutting insert schematic, bottom view;

Figure 51 D be shown in Figure 50 can inverted cutting insert schematic sectional view;

Figure 52 A be can inverted cutting insert shown in the Figure 50 while being installed on the cutting tool shown in Figure 50 at primary importance place schematic isometric chart;

Figure 52 B be can inverted cutting insert shown in the Figure 50 while being installed on the cutting tool shown in Figure 50 at second place place schematic isometric chart;

Figure 52 C is schematic cross-sectional isometric chart shown in Figure 52 B and that removed cutting tool that half can inverted cutting insert;

Figure 53 be form be suitable for manufacturing shown in Figure 50 to Figure 52 B can inverted cutting insert the schematic isometric chart of mold component of a part of mould;

Figure 54 is the schematic plan of the mold component shown in Figure 53;

Figure 55 A is the schematically equidistant multi-section figure that comprises the mould of a pair of mold component shown in Figure 53;

Figure 55 B be can inverted cutting insert shown in Figure 50 to Figure 52 B while being positioned in the mold component shown in Figure 53 schematic isometric chart;

Figure 56 A is the schematic isometric chart that comprises the drilling tool of drilling tool retainer according to another implementation of the invention and drill bit;

Figure 56 B is the enlarged drawing of the thin F of portion shown in Figure 56 A;

Figure 56 C be the drill bit shown in Figure 56 A schematically look up isometric chart;

Figure 57 A is the schematic isometric chart of drilling tool shown in Figure 56 A and 56B and that also comprise extended element according to another aspect of the present invention;

Figure 57 B is the schematic exploded isometric chart of the drilling tool shown in Figure 57 A;

Figure 58 A is the schematic isometric chart of the extended element shown in Figure 57 A and Figure 57 B;

Figure 58 B is the schematic, bottom view of the extended element shown in Figure 58 A;

Figure 58 C is the schematic, bottom view of the extended element shown in Figure 58 A;

Figure 59 A is the schematic isometric chart that comprises the cutting tool of cutting insert according to another implementation of the invention and steady pin;

Figure 59 B be shown in Figure 59 A and without the schematic isometric chart of the cutting tool of cutting insert;

Figure 59 C is the schematic plan of the cutting tool shown in Figure 59 A;

Figure 59 D is the schematic sectional view along the line III-III intercepting in Figure 59 C;

Figure 59 E is the schematic sectional view along the line IV-IV intercepting in Figure 59 C;

Figure 60 is the schematic isometric chart of the steady pin shown in Figure 59 A;

Figure 61 A is the schematic isometric chart of the cutting insert shown in Figure 59 A;

Figure 61 B is the schematic sectional view along the cutting insert shown in Figure 61 A of the line V-V intercepting in Figure 61 A;

Figure 62 A is the schematic isometric chart comprising according to the cutting tool of the cutting insert of another embodiment of the present invention and steady pin;

Figure 62 B is the schematic plan of the cutting tool shown in Figure 62 A;

Figure 62 C is the schematic sectional view along the line III-III intercepting in Figure 62 A;

Figure 63 is the schematic isometric chart along the steady pin shown in Figure 62 A;

Figure 64 is the schematic isometric chart of the cutting insert shown in Figure 62 A;

Figure 65 is the schematic sectional view comprising according to the cutting tool of the bias spring of an embodiment of the invention;

Figure 66 A and Figure 66 B are respectively schematic elevational view and the upward views of bias spring according to another implementation of the invention.

The detailed description of embodiment

With reference to figure 1, according to the typical cutting tool of prior art, be shown as and comprise cutting tool retainer and cutting insert.Can find out, wherein illustrated structure comprises the cutting tool retainer 2 that is formed with seat 3, and seat 3 is for holding the cutting insert 4 with a plurality of cutting edges, and one of the plurality of cutting edge represents with 5.Cutting insert 4 is also formed with centre bore 6, for holding the threaded securing member 7 of the nose cone 8 with expansion.Securing member 7 is from its top side, to be inserted through hole 6 and to be screwed into the bolt in formed threaded slot 9 present 3 basal surface substantially.

Can see, in the structure of this prior art, for installing each time, dismantle, inversion or circumgyration incision insert 4 be so that locate new cutting edge 5 for cutting operation, all need to remove securing member 7, remove cutting insert 4, make it partly rotate (for example, for thering are four cutting edges at its end face and thering is the square cut insert half-twist of four cutting edges in its bottom surface), and again make securing member 7 enter in the slot 9 of cutting tool through hole 6.Mentioned term " removes " and refers to that securing member 7 fully engages and do not contact with tool holder 2 releasings in this article.For by by each cutting insert of transposition, the operation of this series all needs a large amount of work and time, and this can double because of quantity of this cutting insert that uses in cutting tool.In addition, once securing member 7 is removed, cutting insert just may be shifted or lose, and this also can expend the valuable time.

With reference to figure 2A, substantially with 10, come the cutting tool of mark to be shown as and comprise cutting tool retainer 11 and by fixed mechanism 11 ', be contained in securely cutting insert 13 wherein.

Cutting tool retainer 11 is formed with seat 12, and seat 12 defines by basal surface 12a and with the acutangulate sidewall 11a of basal surface 12a.Seat 12 is formed with the seat hole 18 of defining axle Y then, and is suitable for fixed mechanism 11 ' to hold wherein.

Fixed mechanism 11 ' comprises hollow steady pin 16 and is contained in the bias spring 17 to engage in steady pin 16.Steady pin 16 has the near-end pe of the opening being housed inside in a hole 18 and is 18 axially outstanding and through basal surface 12a 12 the closed far-end de of taking a seat that goes forward side by side from hole.Layout is such, and bias spring makes the far-end de biasing of steady pin 18 with outstanding from basal surface 12a.

Steady pin 18 also has the standing part of contiguous its far-end de, and standing part has the conical in shape that defines conical fixed surface 16a.Far-end de is also formed with groove 16b, and its object will be discussed with respect to Fig. 4 A to Fig. 4 C.

Four side 13c that cutting insert 13 has the end face 13a that sets up separately and bottom surface 13b and extends betwixt.Cutting insert 13 is formed with a plurality of cutting edges 14 that the crossing place between side 13c and end face 13a and bottom surface 13b is defined respectively.Cutting insert 13 is also formed with conical insert hole 15, and insert hole 15 is suitable for holding the standing part of fixed mechanism 11 ' and has the inner surface 15a of the standing part that is suitable for engaging fixed mechanism 11 '.

In assembling, when cutting insert 13 is arranged on the seat 12 of tool holder 11, its bottom surface 13b flush against the basal surface 12a of seat 12, and its side 13c flush against the sidewall 11a of seat 12.In this position, the power of bias spring 17 forces steady pin 16 upwards, and the trochoidal surface 16a of standing part 16 engages the trochoidal surface 15a in insert hole 15 thus.Due to the cone shape in trochoidal surface 16a and insert hole 15, cutting insert 13 is pressed against sidewall 13, thereby is securely held in suitable position.It shall yet further be noted that between the side relative with sidewall 13 of steady pin 16 and inner surface 15a and have gap n.

Should also be noted that, when steady pin 16 axially displaced up causes cutting insert 13 towards sidewall 11a transverse shift, make cutting insert 13 along contrary horizontal direction, away from the trial of sidewall 11a displacement, can not produce and make steady pin 16 turn back to downward axially displaced in a hole 18.This is the taper angle due to insert hole 15, close to 0 °.In this concrete example, angle beta is approximately 10 °.This layout firmly fixes in present 12 cutting insert 13 utmost points.

In particular as seen in Fig. 2 B, demonstrate the different designs of cutting insert 13, wherein side 13c is formed with cutting portion (cut-out), cutting portion defines the angled other surperficial 13g with side 13c, and the seat 12 of tool holder is formed with the sidewall 11a with correspondingly-shaped.In this concrete design, cutting insert 13 is laterally pressed into sidewall 11a by steady pin 16, make bottom surface 13b flush against basal surface 12a, simultaneously surperficial 13g flush against the surperficial 11g of coupling.The surperficial 13c of side does not contact with sidewall 11a, and this can be used for discharging the pressure of self as is known.

Fig. 4 A to Fig. 4 C illustrates how this structure can make cutting insert 13 be applied to cutting tool retainer 11 and be fixed on wherein and not need to apply and remove independently tightening member.

In the initial position shown in Fig. 4 A, steady pin 16 is in a fixed position, and its far-end de projects to degree P from basal surface 12a under the bias force of spring 17 ₁.Still, in this position, the near-end pe of steady pin 16 is positioned at a hole 18.

For cutting insert 13 being installed in seat 12, first steady pin 16 must be moved into installation site, and its far-end de projects to degree P from basal surface 12a in installation site ₂< P ₁, allow cutting insert 13 to be positioned to as previously described in seat 12.Steady pin 16 is moved in installation site and needs to press bias spring 17 to allow steady pin 16 axially to move in seat hole 18.Although can carry out this pressing by tool using (not shown), also can realize by utilizing the bottom surface 13b of cutting insert 13 to be pressed on steady pin 16 downwards, as shown in Figure 4 B.Once steady pin 16 is pressed into enough degree, its far-end de projects to degree P ₂or less degree, cutting insert 13 can slip in position.

Once cutting insert 13 slips in seat 12, steady pin 16 just can be under the effect of the power of bias spring 17 axial upward displacement freely, it is contained in insert hole 15.Steady pin 16 upward displacements are until its standing part 16a engages the inner surface 15a in insert hole 15.Once engage, making progress of steady pin 16 axially displacedly cause that cutting insert 13 is towards sidewall 11a transverse shift, until cutting insert 13 arrives the position shown in Fig. 4 C.In this position, as previously disclosed, cutting insert 13 is pushed down sidewall 11a and the basal surface 12a of seat 12 securely.

For cutting insert 13 is discharged from seat 12, need to make steady pin 16 displacements be back to installation site, press steady pin 16 so that its far-end de gives prominence to enough little degree from basal surface 12a, to allow to remove cutting insert 13.For example, this can engage the V-arrangement recess of steady pin 16 and it is exerted pressure to realize by instrument is inserted in insert hole 15.This pressure engages causing that the fixed surface 16a of steady pin 16 and the respective surfaces 15a of cutting insert remove, and makes thus cutting insert 13 remove from cutting tool retainer 11.Actual removes and can carry out with hand, magnet or tweezers-shaped instrument.

About the above, should note content below:

-term " installation site " should be understood with broadest sense, and refers to the position that allows installation and removal cutting insert 13 and allow cutting insert 13 rotations in order to change the object of cutting edge 14; With

-in installation site and fixed position, the near-end pe of steady pin 16 is contained in a hole 12.

The stage that the attaching/detaching of the cutting insert 13 on disclosed cutting tool 10 and cutting tool retainer 11 operates is above simple, and allows to save the plenty of time in this operation of execution.And because steady pin 16 retains in present hole 18 always, therefore the risk of loss or dislocation is less, as contingent from the known screw of prior art.

Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 illustrate a kind of distortion, wherein when cutting insert 13 is released by pressing of steady pin 16, cutting insert 13 remove the impact that is subject to pushing top spring (ejector spring) 19, pushing top spring 19 be placed in cutting insert 13 and the bottom of the second hole 19a of forming at cutting tool retainer 11 between.As shown in Figure 6, the pushing top spring 19 in the 19a of hole is positioned at the joint of the both sides of cutting insert, and this cutting insert is formed with the shoulder mutually locking with corresponding shoulder in cutting tool retainer 11.

Fig. 7 illustrates another embodiment of the cutting tool that is labeled as substantially 21, and wherein cutting insert 23 is formed with cutting edge 24 and centre bore 25, and steady pin 26 can be contained in hole 25.In this case, an only part of the far-end de of steady pin 26 is formed with the surface of taper, and as shown in 26a, this surface conforms to the tapering in the hole 25 forming in cutting insert 23.The remainder of steady pin 26 is cylindrical configuration, as shown in 26b.The near-end of steady pin is formed with ring-shaped step 26c, and is formed with outward extending flange 26d, flange 26d can with define seat 23 cutting tool 21 in formed annular shoulder 21a engage.Fig. 7 illustrates the operating position of cutting insert 23, corresponding to the position of Fig. 4 C.

Also as shown in Figure 7, hold the bottom in the hole 28 of steady pin 26 and its spring 27 and closed by closure plate 29, closure plate 29 is fixed to cutting tool 21 by securing member 29a.Securing member 29a is set only in order to promote cutting tool and its to be subject to the assembling of the steady pin 26 that spring promotes, therefore when removing cutting insert maybe when making cutting insert dislocation when can make new cutting edge be used, do not need to remove securing member 29a.

In Fig. 7, the angle measuring gauge being defined by bottom surface and the sidewall of cutting insert 23 is shown " α ", defines the inner surface of cutting insert 23 in hole 25 and angle measuring gauge that the basal surface of cutting insert defines and is shown " β ".Angle [alpha] can equal but preferably be less than angle beta.For example, angle [alpha] can be 75 °; Angle beta can be 82.5 °; Each of the relative face of cutting insert can be 15mm * 15mm; And the thickness of cutting insert can be 7.5mm.

Fig. 8 illustrates a kind of changing form, wherein cutting tool 31 is formed with for holding the seat 32 of cutting insert 33, cutting insert 33 has a plurality of cutting edges 34 and is formed with the hole 35 that holds steady pin 36, and steady pin 36 is pushed to its fixed position by spring 37 along outside direction.In distortion illustrated in fig. 8, the hole 35 forming in cutting insert 33 is configurations of taper, and steady pin 36 is homogeneous diameter or columniform configuration.

In this case, engaging between steady pin 16 and insert hole 35 occurs between the top edge of steady pin 16 and the inner surface in insert hole 35.

Fig. 9 illustrates another kind of distortion, and wherein the hole 45 in cutting insert 43 is columniform configurations, and the far-end of steady pin 46 is configurations of taper.

Figure 10 illustrates another kind of distortion, the far-end de of the hole 55 in cutting insert 53 and steady pin 56 configuration of taper both wherein, but the mutual locking surface between cutting insert 53 and cutting tool retainer 51 is the form of the rib 51a of formation in the sidewall 51 ' of cutting tool retainer 51, and in cutting insert 53, is formed with recess 53a.

Figure 11 illustrates another kind of distortion, and wherein cutting tool retainer 61 is formed with shoulder 61a, and shoulder 61a is suitable for engaging formed shoulder 63a in cutting insert 63 in the fixed position of cutting insert.Another kind distortion in Figure 11 is, except the direction for along outside promotes being housed inside the spring 67 in hole 68 of steady pin 66, in the 69a of hole, be also provided with the second spring 69, once press steady pin 66, the second spring 69 just forces cutting insert 63 to leave the seat in cutting tool 61, similar in appearance to disclosed content in Fig. 5.

Forward now Figure 12 to Figure 16 to, in described embodiment of the present invention, steady pin is not the spring along outside direction biasing, but is fixed to the bottom of seat.

For Figure 12, to embodiment illustrated in fig. 14, should see, cutting tool 71 is formed with for holding the seat 72 of cutting insert 73, and cutting insert 73 is formed with a plurality of cutting edges 74.Cutting insert 73 is also formed with the hole 75 of running through cutting insert 73, as described about Fig. 1 above, hole 75 be generally used for holding the securing member that makes cutting insert be attached to cutting tool (7, Fig. 1).In embodiment described above, for holding steady pin, (for example 16, Fig. 2), this steady pin is promoted along outside direction by spring in hole 75.Yet, in the embodiment of Figure 12 to Figure 14, be wherein labeled as that 76 steady pin forms by the bottom with seat 72 and in the mode of the basal surface bevel with seat, be fixed to the bottom of seat 72.

For adapting to the inclination of steady pin 76, the hole 75 in cutting insert 73 is formed with extension or expansion section on the outer surface of cutting insert.Figure 12 to Figure 14 illustrates a kind of structure, and wherein cutting insert can be inserted to four positions, so that four cutting edges 74 in every side of both sides can be used to cutting operation.Therefore, as shown in Figure 13, the hole 75 in cutting insert comprises four this extensions or expansion section, and each has the axis with respect to 90 ° of the axis shift of next extension or expansion section.The cutting insert 73 of Figure 14 explanation after having held the steady pin 76 extending obliquely.

Also as seen in Figure 12, cutting insert 73 is for example about the described similar structure of Fig. 2 to above, be it comprise square configuration flat above and below and four sidewalls of diamond-shaped configuration, thereby in every side of insert, present four cutting edges 74 or for eight cutting edges altogether of cutting operation.

In Figure 12, angle " α " can be identical with angle [alpha] and angle beta in Fig. 7 respectively with angle " β ".That is to say, α is preferably equal to or less than β.For example, α can be 75 °, and angle beta can be 82.5 °, and cutting insert 73 can be 15mm * 15mm * 7.5mm.

Forward now Figure 15 to, another embodiment according to cutting tool of the present invention is described, be labeled as substantially 80.In this embodiment, seat pore volume is received and is comprised the fixed structure 85 of support member 86, at the far-end of support member 86, is formed with the pin-and-hole 89a that is suitable for holding steady pin 89.Fixed structure also comprises the retaining element 87 of laterally arranging and being setovered by spring 88 around steady pin 89.

By be fixed to the support member 86 of cutting tool 81 by screwed securing member 86a, make during whole fixed structure is fixed in place, to illustrated in fig. 7 similar.As known and see in Figure 15, support member 86 is coaxial with hole 85, and two axis all with the basal surface bevel of seat 82.

Steady pin 89 is formed with the pieceable cam face 89b of cam face 87c with retaining element 87, and retaining element is formed with fixedly shoulder 87b, and fixedly shoulder 87b is suitable for engaging the corresponding shoulder 83b of cutting insert.Can arrange like this,, when steady pin 89 is pressed, two cam faces cause that retaining element 87 is laterally shifted away from the sidewall 81a of seat 82.This transverse shift allows fixed lobe 89b to discharge from the fixedly shoulder 83b of insert, and allows thus cutting insert to withdraw from from seat 82.

Therefore and then, when steady pin 89 is in a fixed position, its far-end de projects to the first degree from pin-and-hole 89a, and when steady pin 89 is in the second place, it projects to the second less degree from pin-and-hole 89a, allows cutting insert to be installed on tool holder 81.

The structure of the structural similarity of Figure 16 explanation and Figure 15, and for helping, understand thus, corresponding part is carried out mark with identical reference number.In structure illustrated in fig. 16, cutting tool is provided with spring ejector, spring ejector is the form of two pins 91,92, each pin is pushed with the engaging of the lower surface of cutting insert 83 by spring 93,94, make to engage with the releasing of shoulder 83b by fixing shoulder 87b, when steady pin 89 be pressed and discharge cutting insert with by cutting insert from the seat 82 of cutting tool 81 while removing, spring ejector forces cutting insert to leave to facilitate from that from seat 82 and removes.

Pay close attention to now Figure 17 to Figure 21, Figure 17 to Figure 21 illustrates according to some embodiments of cutting tool of the present invention, wherein in the hole of cutting insert, steady pin manually can be moved to fixed position or installation site.

Therefore, as shown in Figure 17, cutting tool 101 is formed with for holding the seat 102 of cutting insert 103, and cutting insert 103 defines one or more cutting edges 104 for cutting operation.It is porose 105 that cutting insert 103 forms, and when cutting insert is inserted in seat 102, hole 105 holds steady pin 106.

In structure illustrated in fig. 17, steady pin 106 is formed with the head 106a of taper at its far-end, and is formed with externally threaded bar 106b, and bar 106b is screwed into and is with 107Zhong， hole, female hole 107 to extend through cutting tool 101.Steady pin 106 from hole 107 outwards outstanding near-end with knob 109, can manually make knob 109 along any direction rotation.The axis of steady pin 106 is arranged essentially parallel to the axis in the hole 105 in cutting insert 103.

Therefore should see, when steady pin 106 is during by knob 109 and along a direction rotation, steady pin 106 is axially up moved, thereby its conical nose 106a is contacted securely with the inner surface 105a of cutting insert 103 that defines the hole 105 of cutting insert 103, make thus cutting insert laterally be shifted, thereby be securely fixed in the seat 102 of cutting tool 101.On the other hand, when knob 109 rotates in opposite direction, steady pin 106 moves down in hole 105, the conical nose 106a that causes thus steady pin removes and engages with the inner surface 105b that defines the insert 103 in hole 105, thereby release cutting insert, to remove cutting insert or new cutting insert be installed in seat.

Figure 18 illustrates the distortion of Figure 17, wherein steady pin 116 is formed with the head 116a of expansion at its far-end, this far-end be formed with utilize instrument through hole 115 the accessibility recess 116b of openend, thereby make steady pin 116 rotations to its minute other fixed position and installation site.

Yet, in two kinds of situations, it should be noted that the far-end of steady pin should axially up be shifted for cutting insert being fixed to suitable position, in going forward side by side and take a seat away from basal surface.

Figure 19 illustrates another kind of structure, and wherein steady pin 126 is without external screw thread, but axially moves in hole 125 by the moving pin 127 being screwed in hole 128, and hole 128 is formed in the wall 129 of the cutting tool 121 that defines seat 122.As shown in Figure 19, the inner of moving pin 127 is taper, as shown in 127a, and the lower surface of steady pin 126 is tapers, as shown in 126a, make inwardly to screw pin 127 and will make steady pin 126 raise, thereby withstand securely the inner surface of cutting insert 123, and make thus it be fixed on appropriate location, yet rotating dog 127 will make the far-end of steady pin 126 discharge from its fixed position with respect to cutting insert 123 in opposite direction.

Figure 20 illustrates another structure, and wherein the axis of steady pin 136 favours the axis in the hole 135 in cutting insert 133.In this case, due to the rotation of knob 139 also by with as with respect to the described identical mode of Figure 17, fix and discharge steady pin 136 above, so the far-end 136a of steady pin 136 must not be taper, or only one short section can be taper.

The structure of the structural similarity of Figure 21 explanation and Figure 20, except content below, be labeled as 146 steady pin and be pushed into its fixed position and can be pressed into off-position by the instrument that engages steady pin upper surface by spring by spring 147, with this, substitute and with manual knob, steady pin is moved to it and fix and off-position.

The embodiment that should be understood that Figure 17 to Figure 19 also can be changed into and comprises that spring is steady pin is pressed into its fixed position, and is modified as with its upper surface of tool engagement for making steady pin move to its off-position.

Forward now Figure 22 to, its explanation is formed with the cutting tool 151 of seat 152, and seat 152 is for holding the cutting insert 153 that has a plurality of cutting edges 154 and be formed with centre bore 155.Cutting tool 151 also comprises steady pin 156, and steady pin 156 is positioned at hole 155 and has the axis that favours the axis of seat 152 and the axis in hole.Spring 157 in pin 156 holes 158 in cutting tool promotes along the direction of arrow, and comprises the pieceable conical outer surface 156a of wall with the hole 155 of cutting insert 153 at its far-end.

Should see, hole 155 is taper along the contrary direction of previous described structure; That is to say, along outside orient diameter, increase; And sidewall 151a and the diapire 151b of cutting tool 151 are perpendicular to one another, sidewall 151a defines for hold the seat 152 of cutting insert 153 in the side relative with cutting edge 154 of cutting insert 153 with diapire 151b; That is to say α=90 °.

Also should see, the axis of steady pin 156 is less than the inner surface in hole 153 with respect to the angle (γ) of the diapire of seat with respect to the angle (β) of the diapire of seat 152; And, sell 156 and be outwards pushed to the fixed position with respect to cutting insert 153 by spring 157, and can manually outwards be pressed to discharge cutting insert, with the new cutting edge 154 of transposition for cutting operation.

Figure 23 illustrates similar structure, wherein cutting tool 161 is also formed with for holding the seat 162 of cutting insert 163, cutting insert 163 is formed with cutting edge 164 and centre bore 165, centre bore 165 is for holding the steady pin 166 of the surperficial 166a with upper taper, and surperficial 166a can engage with the inner surface that defines the cutting insert 163 in its hole 165.Yet, in Figure 23, steady pin 166 is not pushed to fixed position by spring, but comprises screw thread 166b and knob 166c, knob 166c is rotatable so that in cutting insert fixing present 162 along direction, thereby or from this seat, removes to discharge cutting insert along contrary direction is rotatable.

Another difference in the structure of Figure 23 is, define with cutting edge 164 with respect to the sidewall 161a of seat 162 become obtuse angle with diapire 161b; That is to say, angle α is greater than 90 °.Yet cutting insert still keeps being positioned at securely in installation site, because the inclination angle δ of the axis of steady pin 166 is greater than α.

With reference to Figure 24, its explanation still with the structure of the structural similarity of Figure 22, difference is, the defining for holding the sidewall 171a of seat 172 of cutting insert 173 and diapire 171b each other in acute angle of cutting tool 171; That is to say, angle [alpha] is less than 90 °.

With reference now to Figure 25,, be shown as the other structure of cutting tool, wherein cutting tool retainer 181 is formed with for holding the seat 182 of cutting insert 183, and cutting insert 183 has cutting edge 184 and centre bore 185.Yet in this case, cutting insert 183 is can be inverted, and hole 185 is formed with the part of two tapers from its middle part 185a.Therefore, part 185b face (inside face) from middle part 185a to cutting insert is outwards tapered (taper), and the direction of the opposite face (exterior face) of another part 185c from middle part 185a towards cutting insert is outwards tapered.

Steady pin 186 in Figure 25 has the longitudinal axis parallel with the longitudinal axis in hole 185, and comprises the surperficial 186a of upper taper, and surperficial 186a is pushed in hole 188 by spring 187, makes to contact with the inner surface in hole 185.

Therefore should see, structure illustrated in fig. 25 can make cutting insert 183 insert in seat 182 and make any one side of cutting insert towards the bottom of seat 182, make thus all cutting edges 184 on each face of two opposite faces of cutting insert be positioned, for using during cutting operation.For example, if cutting insert 183 is included in four swords 184 on each face, this layout can make eight cutting edges be used to cutting operation.

Figure 26 A is the top view of structure illustrated in fig. 25, wherein cutting tool retainer define for hold seat 182 the sidewall 181a of cutting insert 183 and diapire 181b in two sides that are close to each other in acute angle, define thus for cutting insert 183 being fixed on to two protruding 189a, 189b in the seat 182 of cutting tool.Figure 26 B illustrates a kind of version, and two the wall 181a that define seat 182 and the 181b that wherein cut tool only acutangulate in a side of cutting insert, define thus single protruding 189a in the fixed position of cutting insert.Figure 26 C illustrates a kind of version, wherein two

wall

181a and 181b are perpendicular to one another, so that do not convex to form, but by be applied to the cross force of cutting insert by pin 186, cutting insert is fixed on to the correct position in cutting tool in the fixed position of cutting insert.

In the above-described embodiment of major part, steady pin is circular cross section.Other several versions that Figure 27 A to Figure 27 C explanation can be done.

The cutting insert 193 of the steady pin 196 of elliptic cross-section is held in Figure 27 A explanation; The cutting insert 203 of the steady pin 206 of square-section is held in Figure 27 B explanation; And Figure 27 C explanation is for holding the cutting insert 213 of two steady pin 216a, 216b.

The cutting tool that Figure 28 A to Figure 28 G explanation is similar with the cutting tool of Figure 26 A to Figure 26 C to Figure 25, but comprise hole 225 in cutting insert 223 and polygon-shaped steady pin 226, hole 185 and the steady pin 186 of the cylindrical configuration in the structure of the more specifically steady pin of rectangular configuration (Figure 28 C), rather than Figure 25 and Figure 26 A to Figure 26 C.

Therefore as shown in Figure 28 A, cutting tool retainer 221 is formed with seat 222, and seat 222 is for holding as the cutting insert 223 of the square configuration of the cutting insert 183 of Figure 25 and Figure 26 A to Figure 26 C.Cutting insert 223 is also formed with the centre bore 225 of a plurality of cutting edges 224 and polygon configuration this square configuration (Figure 28 C) in the situation that, rather than the centre bore of circular in configuration as indicated above.

Therefore,, as in Figure 28 E to Figure 28 G as shown in more specifically, cutting insert 223 is formed with the square opening being defined by four flat side 223a-223d.The cutting insert 223 that defines square opening 225 is also formed with the circular port 223c-223h of four minor diameters, and the everywhere of the joint of two flat sides in the flat side of square opening is provided with a circular port.Compared with aperture 223c-223h, be convenient to the manufacture of square opening 225, and distribute and reduce the stress of the joint of flat side.

In addition, and as shown in Figure 28 A, hole 225 is also formed with the part of two tapers from its middle part 225a, as shown in Figure 25, the face (inside face) of one of them part 225b from middle part 225a to cutting insert is outwards tapered, and the direction of the opposite face (exterior face) of another part 225c from middle part 225a towards cutting insert is outwards tapered.

Steady pin 226 has the longitudinal axis parallel with the longitudinal axis in hole 225, and comprise that the surperficial 226a of upper taper is (on a flat side in its flat side, this side is pushed in hole 228 by spring 227, makes to contact with the inner surface in hole 225 in cutting insert 221.

Therefore should see, in Figure 28 A to Figure 28 G, illustrated structural similarity ground can make cutting insert 223 insert in seat 222 and make any one side of cutting insert towards the bottom of seat 222, make thus all cutting edges 224 on each face in two opposite faces of cutting insert be positioned, for using during cutting operation.Yet, in Figure 25 and Figure 26 A to Figure 26 C, the top of the hole 185 in cutting insert 183 and the steady pin that can coordinate with the side in hole is circular configuration both, in Figure 28 A to Figure 28 G in illustrated structure, both polygon configuration, more specifically square configuration.As known and see in Figure 28 A to Figure 28 D, should also be noted that, the configuration that the flat side 226a of the steady pin 226 that can coordinate with cutting insert 223 is taper and reducing in length towards its outside, and three remaining configurations that side 226b-226d is not taper.

With reference to figure 29A to Figure 29 C, its explanation has the steady pin 226 with the structure of the structural similarity of the steady pin of Figure 28 A to Figure 28 G, and for the ease of understanding, corresponding part is carried out mark with identical reference number.The main difference of the structure of Figure 29 A to Figure 29 C is, at the face of the taper of the far-end of steady pin 226, is roundings as shown in 226a ' (Figure 29 A), rather than flat.Therefore this structure provides the side 226a ' of taper and the contact of the line between the corresponding surface of cutting insert of steady pin, rather than Surface Contact, reduces thus friction.

Figure 30 A to Figure 30 C explanation is according to the other structure of cutting tool 231 of the present invention, and cutting tool 231 is formed with for holding the seat 232 of cutting insert 233, and cutting insert 233 has cutting edge 234 and holds the centre bore 235 of steady pin 236.As shown in front structure, the far-end 236a of steady pin 234 coordinates with cutting insert 233, and the near-end 236b of steady pin comprises far-end is pushed into respect to the spring 237 in the fixed position of cutting insert.

Yet in this case, the interior section 236b that is contained in the steady pin 236 in hole 238 is eccentric with respect to the top part 236a of the steady pin that can coordinate with cutting insert 233.In addition, the inner 236b of steady pin 236 finishes in 236c at dish, can against seat 238 and take a seat with the bottom of seat same diameter.In addition, (intermediate) cylindrical part 236d of steady pin 236 in the middle of also comprising, cylindrical part 236d and interior section 236b and chassis 236c are coaxial is also so also eccentric with respect to the top part 236a of steady pin.Mid portion 236d coordinates with the far-end in hole 238, and has identical diameter with this hole.

Spring 237 is the helical springs that surround the interior section 236b of steady pin 236.Helical spring one end 237a is fixed to the interior section 236b of steady pin 236, and relative end 237b is suitable for being contained in the opening (not shown) in contiguous its hole 238 in cutting tool 23a.

Therefore should see, steady pin 236 the hole 235 of insert 233 in and holding cutting insert 232 below hole 238 in be rotatable.Should also be noted that, chassis 236c and mid portion 236d are as the support component (bearing element) of the top part 236a bias with respect to steady pin 236, so that steady pin causes that along the rotation of a direction top part 236a of steady pin 236 withstands the inner surface in the hole of cutting insert 233 securely by spring 237, thereby cutting insert is securely fixed in cutting tool 231, for cutting operation.Also will see, thereby no matter when need again transposition cutting insert for locating new cutting edge for cutting operation, can manually make steady pin 236 in contrary direction (power of antagonistic spring 237) rotation, so that the top part 236a of steady pin moves to the installation site with respect to cutting insert by the spanner being inserted in wrench opening 236e.

Figure 31 A to Figure 31 C illustrates another embodiment of the present invention, and wherein cutting tool retainer 241 is formed with for holding the seat 242 of cutting insert 243, and cutting insert 243 has a plurality of cutting edges 244.Cutting insert 243 is formed with the hole 245 that holds steady pin 246, so that cutting insert 243 is firmly-fixed to cutting tool retainer 241, for making selected cutting edge 244 location for cutting operation.

As especially as shown in Figure 31 C, steady pin 246 comprise inner 246b and with cutting insert 243 in the pieceable outer end 246a in side in hole 245, inner 246b outside is provided with screw thread and can be contained in seat 242 in cutting tool internal thread hole 248 below.

In Figure 31 A to Figure 31 C, illustrated structure is therefore a bit similar to the structure of prior art illustrated in fig. 1, but significantly different in the following areas: in the structure of prior art, there is the diameter identical with threaded securing member 7 in hole (6) in cutting insert (4), and the head 8 of threaded securing member and the bar portion of threaded securing member 7 and to hold the screwed hole 9 of securing member coaxial.Yet, in novel structure, as illustrated in Figure 31 A to Figure 31 C, the diameter in the hole 245 in cutting insert 243 is greater than the diameter of the top part 246a of steady pin 246, and the top part 246a of steady pin is eccentric with respect to the threaded part 246 of steady pin.The latter is described more specifically in Figure 31 B and Figure 31 C, and wherein the axis of the threaded part 246b in bottom of steady pin represents with a1, and the axis of the top part 246 of steady pin represents with axis a2.

Therefore, should understand, although in conventional structure, the rotation of clamp structure in cutting tool retainer causes that downward pressure is applied to cutting insert towards the direction of the basal surface of seat, but in this structure, the rotation of steady pin 246 produces horizontal pressure towards the direction of the sidewall of cutting tool retainer 241.

Therefore should note, although in the prior art of Fig. 1, holding pin must be removed, so that the transposition cutting insert for new cutting edge, then reinsert with fastening cutting insert again, but in Figure 31 A-31C in illustrated structure, need to be for transposition cutting insert 243 again and remove steady pin 246 from cutting tool 241.But, along a direction rotation (for example only need, half-turn), so that cutting insert 243 moves in the fixed position with respect to cutting tool 241, or along contrary direction rotation so that cutting insert 243 move in the off-position with respect to cutting tool 241, thereby reorientate another cutting edge 244 for cutting operation.Therefore illustrated structure structure as previously described also, allow cutting insert 243 to be released, for another cutting edge of manually transposition, and do not need neededly in the structure of prior art as illustrated in Figure 1 remove like that steady pin and reinsert it.

Illustrated structure and the structural similarity of Figure 31 A to Figure 31 C in Figure 32 A to Figure 32 E, except it comprises the Cone Disc 259 (Figure 32 A and Figure 32 C) being arranged between the outer end 256a of steady pin 256 and the seat 252 of cutting tool 251.Cone Disc 259 is formed with for holding the opening 259a of steady pin 256, thereby and while outside pressure being applied to the steady pin 256 in the hole 254 that is housed inside cutting insert 253 in the threaded end 256b of steady pin is screwed into the screwed hole 258 of cutting tool 251 securely, Cone Disc 259 is compressed.This structure provides the protection of increase thus, to prevent steady pin 256 accidental rotation with respect to the Xiang Qi off-position, fixed position of cutting insert 253 from it.Therefore, in Figure 32 A to Figure 32 D, first illustrated structure needs steady pin 256 upcountry to be pressed, and then rotation, so that pin is released into it with respect to the off-position of cutting insert 253 from its fixed position.

In Figure 32 A to Figure 32 E, the difference of illustrated structure is, the top part 256a of steady pin 256 is cylindrical configuration, and as shown in Figure 32 C clearly, and the top part 246a of steady pin 246 is coniform configurations, as especially as shown in Figure 31 C.

In all other sides, structure, operation and the advantage that illustrated cutting tool provides in Figure 32 A to Figure 32 E and above described basic identical about Figure 31 A to Figure 31 C.

Forward now Figure 33 to Figure 39 to, it illustrates the cutting tool with structural similarity illustrated in fig. 25, but be modified, thereby cutting insert wedged between steady pin and cutting tool more firmly after for cutting operation allowing at cutting insert by transposition or to substitute the cutting edge provide new.

Therefore, illustrated and be wherein labeled as substantially 261 cutting tool retainer and be formed with for holding the seat 262 of cutting insert 263 in Figure 33, cutting insert 263 has cutting edge 264 and centre bore 265.As Figure 25, hole 265 is formed with the part of two tapers from its middle part 265a, and part 265b is outwards tapered to the inside face of cutting insert, and another part 265c is outwards tapered to the exterior face of cutting insert.

In Figure 33, steady pin 266 has the longitudinal axis parallel with the longitudinal axis in hole 265, and comprises the surperficial 266a of upper taper, and surperficial 266a is pushed in hole 268 by spring 267, makes to contact with the lower inner surface 265b in hole 265.

Yet in illustrated structure, the diapire 261a in the hole in cutting tool 216 is formed with central opening in Figure 33, central opening is suitable for holding the post 266c being formed in steady pin 266.Should see, spring 267 outwards promotes steady pin 266.Preferably, post 266c has length, substantially to flush with the inner surface of cutting insert 261, or as shown in Figure 33 slightly from its indent.

The object of the post 266c of steady pin 266 is to allow sudden surge (sharp impact) direction to be externally applied to steady pin, thus by cutting insert 263 securely wedge between steady pin and cutting tool 261.Preferably, the impacting pin 267 that the one end of clashing into via the outer most advanced and sophisticated 266b resisting post 266c has most advanced and sophisticated 267a applies impact, and thus cutting insert 263 is wedged securely between seat 262 inherent steady pins 266 and cutting tool retainer 261.For this object, the outer most advanced and sophisticated 226b of post 266c is formed with for example recess of V-arrangement recess, and the corresponding end 267a of impacting pin 267 complementally formed, to be contained in recess 226b.Impacting pin 267 comprises the head 267b of expansion in its opposite end, for receiving the shock of the member of hammer 269 or other generation shock.

Therefore should see, at cutting insert 263 by transposition or substitute to provide new cutting edge 264 for after cutting object, spring 267 will outwards promote connecting pin 266 conventionally, withstand securely thus cutting insert 263, as especially described about Figure 25 above.Yet during illustrated structure, impacting pin 267 can be knocked in using Figure 33, for direction externally, to steady pin 266, apply sudden surge, thereby cutting insert 263 is wedged more firmly in the seat 262 of cutting tool 261.

In Figure 33, illustrated cutting tool retainer provides all advantages described above of relevant front structure, and other better advantage has guaranteed that cutting insert will be wedged in cutting tool securely.When only using spring 267, so that cutting insert 263 while being firmly held in cutting tool, the load applying against cutting insert 264 by workpiece can make cutting tool retainer 261 in vibration fast.As time goes on this vibration often makes cutting insert 263 loosening from cutting tool retainer 261, and increases " metal fatigue " rate that cutting tool stands, thereby substantially reduces its service life.Yet, when applying and impact when cutting insert is wedged against cutting tool retainer securely to cutting insert by as described in above relevant Figure 33, the generation of the loosening and metal fatigue of cutting insert is all reduced substantially, thereby produces the service life of better cutting operation and longer cutting insert.

The another kind of cutting tool that Figure 34 A to 34C explanation is similar to the cutting tool of Figure 33, but be configured to make cutting insert wedging securely between cutting tool and steady pin by simple manual operation, rather than the blasting operation applying by the instrument as in Figure 33.For simplicity purposes, the part corresponding with part in Figure 33 substantially in Figure 34 A to Figure 34 C carried out mark by identical reference number.

In Figure 34 A to Figure 34 C in illustrated structure, the surperficial 266a of the taper of steady pin 266 and the composition surface 265b in the hole 265 in cutting insert 263 are configured as, when as respectively when applying cutting insert as shown in sequence of steps illustrated in 34a-34c, make cutting insert wedging securely between steady pin and tool holder.Therefore, as shown in Figure 34 A, cutting insert 263 is placed on the top of steady pin 266, engages the upper face (Figure 34 A) of steady pin 266 with a part for the basal surface by cutting insert 263; Then cutting insert 263 is pressed to depress steady pin 266 (Figure 34 B) downwards; Finally, cutting insert 263 laterally slips over the top of steady pin, until steady pin is outwards emerged in the hole 265 of cutting insert (Figure 34 C).The surperficial 266a of the steady pin taper engaging with the surperficial 265a of the taper in hole 265 in cutting insert 263 makes cutting insert wedging securely between the sidewall of the seat 262 of steady pin and cutting tool retainer 261.For the object of giving an example, the surface of this taper can be approximately 5-15 °, preferably approximately 10 °.

Therefore all aforementioned operation can both manually be carried out in a kind of mode of continuous motion, have got rid of the needs to the impact component of 267,269 in Figure 33 for example.For discharging cutting insert, for example for the surface at metal works, producing the impact tool caving in can use by the tip of instrument being applied to the upper face of steady pin 266 and clashing into steady pin 266 downwards, the surperficial 266a that makes thus taper down moves with respect to the surperficial 265b of taper, thus when expectation provides new cutting edge for cutting operation, discharge cutting insert for rotation, substitute etc.

Figure 35 illustrates another kind of structure, still with the structural similarity of Figure 33 and Figure 34 A to Figure 34 C, therefore for simplicity purposes, with identical reference number, carrys out the part that mark is corresponding.In Figure 35, illustrated structure is with the difference of structure above, and the sidewall 262a that is formed on the seat 262 in cutting tool retainer 261 is convex surface configuration, and the outer surface 263a of cutting insert 263 is complementary concave configuration.This structure not only makes between cutting insert and tool holder to form the structure of locking mutually, embodiment as previously described, but also because the processing of the smear metal of cutting insert is convenient on the surface of spill rake face.Therefore, as shown in Figure 36, during the cutting operation about workpiece 270, the smear metal 271 that the nonreentrant surface 263a of cutting insert 263 makes cutting edge 264 produce effectively outwards departs from cutting insert, reduces thus this smear metal and will disturb the possibility of cutting operation.

As indicated in previously, cutting insert can be any polygon configuration, such as triangle, quadrangle, hexagon, octagon etc.Figure 37 illustrates an embodiment, and wherein cutting tool 361 is provided with triangle seat 362, and cutting insert 363 is similar triangles.Cutting insert comprises can be by transposition optionally for three cutting edges 364 of cutting operation.Cutting insert 363 also forms porose 365, hole 365 is suitable for holding therein steady pin 366, steady pin 366 can be any configuration described above, to make cutting insert be locked in appropriate location during cutting operation, and for removing or rotating, discharge cutting insert, thereby present new cutting edge for cutting operation.

In addition, each side 367 is formed with the standing part of V-arrangement ditch 368 forms, and V-arrangement ditch 368 is suitable for formed corresponding V-arrangement ribbed joint in the sidewall with cutting tool retainer 361.The object of V-arrangement ditch will further not discussed for Figure 38.

The structure of the structural similarity of Figure 38 explanation and Figure 10, it comprises cutting tool 371, cutting tool 371 is formed with the square base 372 of the cutting insert 373 that holds square configuration, and cutting insert 373 is included in four cutting edges 374 of its upside and at four other cutting edges of its downside.Cutting insert is also formed with centre bore 375, and centre bore 375 is suitable for medially holding the pin 376 of the seat 372 of cutting tool.As the structure in Figure 10, in Figure 38, illustrated structure is also included in the rib 371a in the two side of defining seat 372, and four lateral surfaces of cutting insert 373 comprise four ditch 373a, for holding rib 371a when interior when cutting insert is securely fixed in seat 372 by steady pin 376.

Yet different from structure in Figure 10, the both sides 371b that holds the cutting tool seat 372 of cutting insert 373 extends perpendicular to the diapire of seat, rather than as illustrated in Figure 10 angled with it.Similarly, four of cutting insert 373 lateral surface 373e are similarly constructed perpendicular to the diapire of cutting insert.In all other sides, in Figure 38, the operation of illustrated structure and this structure is all with above substantially the same about the description of Figure 10.

At this, it should be noted that between V-arrangement ditch 373a and V-arrangement rib 371a that engaging of locking makes cutting insert during cutting operation, resist the axial load that is applied to it mutually, thereby the bottom surface that prevents cutting insert engages with 372 basal surface releasing.Should also be noted that, as long as cutting insert is stopped in horizontal sliding transfer between its bottom surface and the basal surface of seat, in other words, as long as fixedly cutting insert so that its side with sidewall align and V-arrangement ditch 373a and V-arrangement rib 371a lock mutually, this opposing to axial load is just provided.

In this example, steady pin 376 also forms the braking element that prevents that ditch 373a from engaging with rib 371a releasing.Yet, should be understood, cutting tool retainer can be formed with the braking element that prevents that this releasing from engaging.

Forward now Figure 39 A and Figure 39 B to, it illustrates also similar with cutting insert to the cutting tool of Figure 10 cutting tool and cutting insert, but has got rid of making the needs in the hole of taper, uses the hole of manufacturing process's very difficult making taper of standard.For the ease of understanding Figure 39 A, with the reference number corresponding to being used in Figure 10, carry out part corresponding in signature 39A, but will increase " 500 ".

Therefore, the hole 555 forming at insert 553Zhong Suo center is configurations columniform, non-taper, rather than as the configuration of the taper that in Figure 10, (with 55) illustrate.In addition, complementary ditch 553a in rib 551a in cutting tool 551 and cutting insert 553 is triangle configuration, rather than the trapezoidal configuration in Figure 10, and be all to be formed by cutting tool 551 and cutting insert 553 extend perpendicular to seat 552 the diapire in cutting tool two walls separately.

Also as seen in Figure 39 A, formed for the hole 558 of steady pin 556 and bias spring 557 and the diapire bevel of seat 552 in present 552 diapire, rather than as shown in Figure 10 perpendicular to diapire.

In Figure 39 A illustrated cutting insert for cutting tool 551 with above-mentioned can be attached and detachable about the described same way as of Figure 34 A to Figure 34 C, and provide as made cutting insert 553 wedge securely the identical advantage in the seat 552 of cutting tool 551 with simple manual operation described in Figure 34 A to Figure 34 C.Yet, the structure of Figure 39 A has significant advantage than the structure of Figure 10 and Figure 34 A to Figure 34 C, and its mutual pieceable wall that is hole 55 and cutting tool 551 and cutting insert 553 has been got rid of respectively needs and the expense that forms these walls in the configuration of taper.

With reference now to Figure 39 B,, shown the other modification of cutting tool of the present invention, wherein in order to press steady pin 566, do not need to exert pressure to its far-end de.Especially, cutting tool retainer 561 is formed with the side opening 562 of the end 574 that is suitable for holding bar 570, so that end 574 is housed inside in corresponding recess 569, recess 569 forms and the near-end pe of contiguous steady pin 566 in steady pin 566.

The end of bar 370 is divided and is formed with eccentric projection 576, and wherein, when projection 576 is contained in recess 569 when interior, the rotation of bar 370 causes the axially displaced of steady pin 566.

Figure 40 explanation be labeled as substantially 380 cut tool head, it is formed with four rectangle seats 382, for holding releasedly four cutting inserts 383, the structure of each cutting insert 383 illustrates in Figure 38.Therefore, as shown in figure 39, each cutting insert 383 is formed with four cutting edges 384 and is formed centrally therein porose 385 in every side, hole 385 is for holding steady pin 386, and steady pin 386 is cut each helical spring of 382 387 of tool head 380 and outwards by spring, promoted by be arranged in with being centered.In the illustrated structure of Figure 39 A, place, the angle of two present sidewalls that are close to is formed with the otch 388 of the rounding of the structural similarity illustrated with Figure 28 E, to discharge stress.

Should be understood that the illustrated structure of Figure 38, Figure 39 A and Figure 39 B can be only present on 382 1 sidewalls comprises rib 381b, rather than as in illustrated each at two sidewalls that are close in these figures.

Go to now Figure 41 to Figure 44, in all above-mentioned structures, cutting insert is polygon configuration, and in its every side with cutting edge.Figure 41 to Figure 44 has described and has comprised that the structure of cutting tool head 460, its design are used for carrying the cutting insert 453 of circular in configuration rather than polygon configuration, are actually as the side of the cutting edge of a myriad of is provided.In Figure 41 to Figure 44, illustrated structure can be also such, i.e. cutting insert 453 slowly and automatically rotation in cutting operation process, make not need to respect to by orientation for the cutting edge of cutting operation transposition cutting insert again continuously.

Therefore, particularly as shown in Figure 41, each cutting insert 453 is circular in configuration and is housed inside in the seat 451 with complementary circular in configuration.Each cutting insert 453 is formed with the continuous circular cutting edge 454 around its periphery, and has centre bore 455, and centre bore 455 is for holding the steady pin 456 being promoted by spring along the outside direction with respect to hole 455 by spring 457.

Therefore particularly as shown in figure 44, the outer surface of each cutting insert 453 has defined cylindrical side wall, and this cylindrical side wall is formed with between two end walls of insert around recess or the ditch 453a of the taper of its circumference.As shown in figure 42, define for holding each the sidewall of cutting tool head of the seat 451 of cutting insert 453 and be formed with the circumferential rib 451a with complementary conical configuration, this circumferential rib 451a is housed inside in each chase 453a of cutting insert.

Still particularly as shown in figure 44, the outer surface of each cutting insert 453 is formed with a plurality of ribs 458, the smear metal (for example 271 Figure 36) of cutting from workpiece during the cutting operation of a plurality of ribs 458 and cutting edge 454 by cutting insert can engage, so that smear metal outwards departs from cutting insert.Rib 458 favours the RADIAL of circular cutting insert and forms.This can make these ribs carry out another function, during cutting operation, makes cutting insert produce rotation slowly.Therefore, inclined ribs 458 can change and the pieceable cutting edge of workpiece continuously during cutting operation.

The corresponding surface in the surperficial 456a of the taper of steady pin 456 and the hole 455 that forms in cutting insert 453, therefore will be designed to only make cutting insert to be fixed on slightly between cutting tool and steady pin, and allow cutting insert engaging and slow circumvolve by smear metal and inclined ribs 458 during cutting operation.

In addition, it should be noted, during cutting operation, when the cutting edge of cutting insert 453 is in workpiece, the load on cutting insert 453 and pressure cause high static friction, prevent that cutting insert 453 is around its axis rotation.Yet, at cutting insert and workpiece, to remove engage in the situation that, pressure can be released in blink, and wherein cutting insert 453 can be rotated.Rotatablely moving that cutting insert 453 carries out is small, and for example, milling head rotates around its central shaft with the speed of 3000RPM, and cutting insert can complete 1 circle in every 15 minutes, and milling head often turns 45,000 circles, and cutting insert turns 1 circle.

Therefore, structure as illustrated in Figure 41 to Figure 44, during cutting operation, on cutting edge, producing continuous change, thereby not only got rid of between cutting operation the needs of the cutting edge of transposition cutting insert again, but also prevented the overheated of cutting edge, it changes continuously, the service life of therefore substantially having improved cutting insert.

Go to now Figure 45 A to Figure 45 G, demonstrate the drilling tool that is labeled as substantially 600, it comprises the drill bit 620 that bores main body (drill body) 610 and be mounted thereon.Bore main body 610 and in its one end, be formed with the retainer part 611 being suitable for the mode receiving drill bit 620 of safety.

Retainer part 611 is formed with basal surface 616B and two

shoulder

614a, 614b, and two

shoulder

614a, 614b axially extend and are positioned at two complete relative positions with respect to central axis X from basal surface 616B.Each shoulder 614 is formed with the angled sidewall 616S with basal surface 616B, similar in appearance to disclosed most embodiment above.

Retainer part 611 is also formed with the locating hole 618 of its center and central axes, and has openend at basal surface 616B.Retainer part 611 is also formed with two seat holes 636 (as shown in Figure 45 F), and each hole 636 is suitable for making fixed mechanism 630 to be contained in wherein.

Fixed mechanism 630 comprises steady pin 632 and bias spring 634, similar in appearance to disclosed several embodiment above.

With reference to figure 45H to Figure 45 L, the drill bit that is suitable for being arranged in the seat of retainer part 611 is formed with each other relative right side 620R and left side 620L completely, and each side is formed with bores part 620D and mounting portion 620M.Each bores part 620D and comprises cutting edge 621.Each mounting portion 620M is formed with the 626He side, insert hole 627 of taper.In addition, drill bit 620 is formed with the centralized positioning short column 628 that is suitable for being housed inside in locating hole 618.

Turn back to Figure 45 A to Figure 45 G, can see, when drill bit 620 is installed in retainer part 611, steady pin 632 withstands the inner surface 626i in insert hole 626 in the similar mode of the described mode of the embodiment to about previous.Yet in the present embodiment, because complete relative part 620L, the 620R of drill bit 620 fixes against shoulder 614L, 614R, so the pressure of steady pin 632 applied by the direction along contrary, or alternatively, along applying with the tangent direction of CW direction.This has proved an advantage, when relating to boring, because drilling tool 600 can, along CCW direction rotation, therefore only make the joint between fixed mechanism 630 and drill bit 620 reinforce.

In assembling, drill bit 620 is placed on the seat of retainer part 611, make to locate short column 628 and be located on locating hole 618, and the bottom surface of every part of drill bit 620 rests on steady pin 632 separately.From this position, drill bit can be pressed to exert pressure to steady pin 632 downwards, thus steady pin is pressed in installation site, and wherein its far-end projects to a certain degree from basal surface 616B, to allow drill bit 620 to insert in seat.Once in installation site, drill bit 620 is rotatable so that corresponding left surface and right flank 627 engage with sidewall 616S, thereby makes drill bit fixing in place.

Specifically, with reference to Figure 46, shown the embodiment of similar drill bit, yet in this embodiment, basal surface 616B ' is downward tapered coniform shape, therefore contributes to drill bit interior easy and placed in the middle accurately in retainer part 611.

Further pay close attention to Figure 46 A, be wherein labeled as substantially 600 " drilling tool be shown as and there is the design similar to the drilling tool 600 ' shown in Figure 46, and comprise bore head 610 " and drilling tool retainer 620 ".Yet, in this example, steady pin 632 ", fixed pin holes 618 " and insert hole 626 " be all arranged to make its central axis P perpendicular to seating face 616B ", and therefore angled with central axis X.

Go to now Figure 47 A to 48C, shown another embodiment of the invention, it has described the variable-diameter cutting tool that is labeled as substantially 700, and comprises retainer main body 710, uses a plurality of fixed mechanisms 730 to be arranged on three cutting inserts 720 and the diameter regulating device 740 in retainer main body 710.

Each cutting insert 720 is installed in retainer main body 710 in the mode similar in appearance to the relevant previous disclosed mode of embodiment, and its difference is, retainer main body 710 is not formed with steady pin 732 can be against the supporting side walls to exert pressure.But retainer main body 710 is formed with centre bore 746, centre bore 746 is suitable for making the adjustment means 742 with conical head to be contained in wherein, and adjustment means 742 forms sidewall to define insert seat together with basal surface 716B.

Concrete Figure 47 C that pays close attention to, steady pin 732 engage insert holes 726 inner surface 726i so that cutting insert 720 at the far-end de of steady pin 732 be used as between the head of adjustment means 742 of sidewall fixing.In the shown position of Figure 47 C, adjustment means extends to the distance h 1 of basal surface 716B top, and cutting tool has operation diameter D1.

Adjustment means 742 utilizes screw thread to be contained in hole 746, allows adjustment means 742 to be axially shifted along hole and is positioned in the different desired distance in basal surface 716B top.Also it is apparent that, due to the head of adjustment means 742 and the joint between the 726S of side, make the extension of adjustment means 742 above basal surface 716B lower, insert 720 distances are just far away each other, and the operation diameter of cutting tool 700 is just larger.Adjustment means 742 also can be by transposition as shown in 747, to show the increase of desired diameter.

Yet, as relevant Fig. 2 A explains, although the displacement of steady pin causes that cutting insert is towards the transverse shift of the sidewall of seat, can there is not conversely (transverse shift of cutting insert causes the axially displaced of steady pin).Therefore, move axially adjustment means 742 and will can not cause the increase of transverse shift and the diameter of cutting insert.

Therefore, in operation, when expectation increases operation diameter, can there is any following situation:

A. as shown in Figure 48 A to Figure 48 C in the situation that cutting insert 720 not being arranged on cutting tool retainer 710, adjustment means 742 can freely axially be displaced to desired amount, only then in the mode similar in appearance to the relevant previous described mode of embodiment, cutting insert 720 is arranged on tool holder 710; Or

B. in the situation that cutting insert 720 is installed on tool holder 710, first steady pin 732 must be pressed to provide the certain free degree along horizontal direction to cutting insert 720, and only then adjustment means can axially be shifted.Once be shifted, steady pin 732 can not be pressed and occupy fixed position so that cutting insert 720 is firmly fastened in place.

Pressing of steady pin 732 can be by realizing with three pin member (not shown), and this three pins member is suitable for from the top side in insert hole 726, inserting insert hole 726 and applying pressure to steady pin 732.

Go to now 49A to Figure 49 C, show similar in appearance to the cutting tool of a kind of embodiment of the cutting tool shown in Figure 47 A to Figure 48 C, it is marked as 800 substantially, and difference is that it only comprises two cutting inserts 820.In all other sides, the same with shown in Figure 47 A to Figure 48 C of operation.

Pay close attention to now Figure 50, wherein shown the cutting tool that is marked as substantially 1000, it comprise cutting tool retainer 1100 and be installed on cutting tool retainer 1100 can inverted cutting insert 1200.

Cutting tool retainer 1100 broadly similars are in the cutting tool retainer 150 shown in Figure 22, and comprise the fixed mechanism 1120 similar to the fixed mechanism 156 shown in Figure 22.Cutting tool retainer is discussed with reference to Figure 52 A to Figure 52 C that shows its mode of operation after a while.

Cutting insert 1200 as shown in Figure 51 A to Figure 51 D has the main body 1210 that is provided with end face 1210T and bottom surface 1210B.Main body 1210 is square, therefore has four sidewall 1212a to 1212d that extend between end face 1210T and bottom surface 1210B.Intersecting lens between sidewall 1212a to 1212a and end face 1210T and bottom surface 1210B forms respectively eight cutting edge 1214aT, 1214aB, 1214bT, 1214bB, 1214cT, 1214cB, 1214dT and 1214dB.

The main body 1210 of cutting insert is also formed with the centre bore 1216 also extending between end face 1210T and bottom surface 1210B, and has central axis X.

Hole 1216 has by four conical inner surface-two inner surfaces 1220 and two unique forms (unique form) that inner surface 1230 defines.Note the first inner surface 1220, each inner surface 1220 has the top edge 1222T being defined by the intersecting lens between inner surface 1220 and end face 1210T and the feather edge 1222B being defined by the intersecting lens between inner surface 1220 and bottom surface 1210B.Inner surface 1230 similarly has respectively corresponding top edge 1232T and feather edge 1232B.

Can also see the top edge 1222T of inner surface 1220 and the radial distance r between central axis X ₁be less than the feather edge 1222B of inner surface 1220 and the radial distance R between central axis X ₁.Yet inner surface 1230 is similarly constructed, they are ' reversings ' with respect to inner surface 1220, i.e. the feather edge 1232B of inner surface 1230 and the radial distance r between central axis X ₂be less than from Z axis to the radial distance R between top edge ₂, equal R, from hole, 1216 central axis X is to the radial distance of the feather edge 1222B of inner surface 1220, and the radial distance from Z axis to end curved edge equals r, and from hole, 1216 central axis X is to the radial distance of the feather edge 1222T of inner surface 1220.

Go to now Figure 52 A to Figure 52 C, can inverted cutting insert 1200 be shown as and be installed on cutting tool retainer 1100, fixture 1120 can be fixed in the seat of cutting tool retainer 1100 by inverted cutting insert 1200.

Cutting tool retainer 1100 has insert seat, and insert seat is formed with basal surface 1110B and two sidewalls 1112 that extend from basal surface 1110B and 1114.Fixed mechanism 1120 operations, substantially similar in appearance to reference to the previous disclosed fixed mechanism of figure, are sold 1122 and are setovered by spring 1130 (shown in Figure 52 C).In this concrete example, the central axis X of steady pin 1122 _pdirection along

sidewall

1112 and 1114 formed angles is angled with respect to the bottom surface 1110B of the seat of cutting tool retainer 1100.

In the time of on the seat that is installed in cutting tool retainer 1100, can inverted cutting insert 1200 be oriented to make two

sidewall

1212c, 1212b all flush respectively against the

sidewall

1112 and 1114 of cutting tool retainer 1100, and its bottom surface 1210B flush against the bottom surface 1110B of cutting tool retainer 1100.Should note, cutting tool retainer shown in this concrete example is designed to make its

sidewall

1112 and 1114 perpendicular to its bottom surface 1110B, and sidewall 1212a to 1212d that can inverted cutting insert 1200 is respectively perpendicular to its end face 1210T and bottom surface 1210B.

In the installation site shown in Figure 52 A, can be oriented to make a sidewall 1114 towards cutting tool retainer 1100 in inner surface 1230 by inverted cutting insert 1200.In this position, steady pin 1122 is exerted pressure and can be fixed to appropriate location by inverted cutting insert 1200 to the right half 1234 of inner surface 1230 by the tip 1124 with steady pin 1122, thereby against

sidewall

1112 and 1114 fastening it so that it keeps in place.

Notice that following content is very important, many aspects are identical with the disclosed mode of embodiment about previous, in installation site, due to the angle of conical inner surface 1230 and the angle of steady pin 1122, can inverted cutting insert 1200 can not be by upward displacement to remove from seat.

In the position shown in Figure 52 A, the cutting edge of operation can be 1214aT or 1214bT.Alternatively, the cutting edge of operation can be cutting angle rather than the cutting edge that the intersection between 1214aT and 1214bT forms.In this example, with reference to the cutting edge 1214bT of the cutting edge in position as shown in Figure 52 A.

Go to now Figure 52 B, when cutting edge, 1214bT is worn, or iff producing the needs that use another cutting edge, can by pressing steady pin 1122, from seat, dismantle by

inverted cutting insert

1200,1216 the central axis X half-twist around hole, and relay on the seat of cutting tool retainer 1100, so that sidewall 1212a and 1212d flush with

sidewall

1114 and 1112 respectively now.

In this position, inner surface 1230 is towards the sidewall 1112 of cutting tool retainer 1100, and exerts pressure to make to be fixed in position by inverted cutting insert to the left half 1236 of inner surface 1230 by the tip 1124 of steady pin 1122.Therefore, can be suitable for providing four operating positions by inverted cutting insert 1200, these four operating positions are by making cutting insert 1200 obtain (and not making its upset) around its central axis X rotation.

In addition, as long as can not be reversed by inverted cutting insert 1200, as long as in operating position, its bottom surface 1210B just flush against cutting tool retainer 1100 seat bottom surface 1110B, contact between steady pin 1122 and cutting insert 1200 only realizes by inner surface 1230, and inner surface 1220 does not contact with cutting insert 1200 simultaneously.In addition, should also be noted that, in any this operating position, steady pin 1122 and can inverted cutting insert 1200 between unique contact only by the right half 1234 of or left half 1236 in inner surface 1230, realize, relative inner surface 1230 does not contact with cutting insert 1200 simultaneously.This obtains best explanation in Figure 52 C.

When all four cutting edge 1214aT, 1214bT, 1214cT and 1214dT are worn, if or only produced for the needs that use another cutting edge, cutting insert 1200 is reversed, make in operating position its end face 1210T flush against the bottom surface 1110B of cutting tool retainer 1100.Aspect this, should see, if the cutting insert 1200 in the position shown in Figure 52 A is reversed, it will arrive the position shown in Figure 52 B (making significantly the T mark that represents end face become the B mark that represents bottom).

With reference to Figure 53, as current most cutting insert, can be inverted cutting insert 1200 adopt compacting and sintering process to manufacture, wherein powder is pressed in mould under given conditions with formation cutting insert stampings, is then sintered to form cutting insert.In Figure 53, shown the mold component that is marked as substantially 1300, its formation is suitable for being formed for together in two mold components of mould that can inverted cutting insert 1200.

Mold component 1300 has the main body 1310 with front surface 1312, and is formed with square dies center, that do not run through chamber 1314, the chamber substrate surface 1316 that mold cavity 1314 has four sidewalls 1318 and locates in the bottom of mold cavity 1314.

After this, with reference to three major axis X, Y and Z, so that the initial point of axle system (axis system) is positioned on chamber substrate surface 1316 and is arranged on the center in square dies chamber 1314.X is perpendicular to one another with Y-axis and extends perpendicular to relative chamber sidewall 1318.Z axis extends perpendicular to chamber substrate surface 1316.

The size in square dies chamber 1314 according to make can inverted cutting insert 1200 size select.Particularly, the X size in square dies chamber 1314 and Y size equal length and width that can inverted cutting insert 1200, and the Z size that represents square dies chamber 1314 degree of depth be can inverted cutting insert 1200 bottom surface 1210B and end face 1210T between half of distance.

Mold component 1300 is also formed with the molded element 1320 that hold up at chamber substrate surface 1316 centers (that is the initial point that at axle is) from square dies chamber 1314.Molded element is formed by two that are arranged opposite to each other along X-axis identical partial circle tapering parts (conical portion) 1322, so that X-axis forms the symmetry axis of molded element 1320.

Each conical portion 1322 is also formed with angled front 1325, and angled front 1325 is raising between surface 1324 towards Z axis extension, to contact the second conical portion 1322 angled front 1325 of its correspondence.In addition, each conical portion 1322 is also formed with two side surfaces 1326 that extend towards Z axis from outer surface 1323.

Molded element 1320 also can be formed with and be suitable for is two support sections 1327 that two conical portions 1322 provide support.Also should see, the length L of substrate 1327B equals the length L of intersecting lens between rising surface 1234 and angled front 1325.This design configuration is discussed further with reference to Figure 55 and molding process.

Go to now Figure 55, make can inverted cutting insert 1200 in, use two mold components 1310, it will be known as the first mold component 1310 in this article ₁with the second mold component 1310 ₂.The first mold component 1310 ₁with the second mold component 1310 ₂be positioned, so that its front surface 1312 ₁with 1312 ₂flush against each other, molded element 1320 ₁with 1320 ₂extend toward each other.Yet member is relative to each other located around Z axis, so that the first mold component 1310 ₁molded element 1320 ₁along X-axis, arrange, simultaneously the second mold component 1310 ₂molded element 1320 ₂along Y-axis, arrange.

Should see mold component 1310 ₁with 1310 ₂be designed to make the second molded element 1320 ₂ conical portion 1322 ₂be assembled to the first mold component 1310 ₁molded element 1320 ₁ conical portion 1322 ₁between space in.It shall yet further be noted that when according to above-mentioned disclosed layout the first molded element 1320 ₁four side surfaces 1326 ₁fully with the second molded element 1320 ₂four side surfaces 1326 ₂flush.

Once suitably having formed can inverted cutting insert 1200, thereby form cutting insert stampings, the second mold component 1310 under desired condition in mould 1300 in pressing process ₂can be removed, and can from mould 1300, take out by inverted cutting insert stampings 1200 '.

Notice that following content is very important, above-mentioned mould 1300 allows to manufacture can inverted cutting insert 1200, and this cutting insert 1200 is designed to make its part with two tapers that run through and without any need for otch.In other words, it provides for the manufacture having with the cutting insert of the feature of the feature similarity of the cutting insert 153 shown in Figure 22, is only can be inverted.

Go to now Figure 56, mold component 1310 show be positioned in wherein can inverted cutting insert stampings 1200 '.Position after this is normally can inverted cutting insert stampings 1200 ' manufactured, and in mold component 1310 one is removed, and makes to allow from mould 1300, to remove by inverted cutting insert stampings 1200 '.In this position, should see, the surface 1323 of conical portion 1322 flush against inner surface 1220.

Pay close attention to now Figure 56 A and Figure 56 B, be wherein substantially labeled as 1600 drilling tool and be shown as the structure having with the structural similarity of the drill bit shown in Figure 45 A to Figure 45 L.For object easily, the numeral of the similar components of mark drilling tool 1600 is increased 1000 with respect to the element shown in Figure 45 A to Figure 45 L.

Drilling tool 1600 comprises that drilling tool retainer 1610 and the foregoing fixed mechanism 1630 of use are installed on the drill bit 1620 on drilling tool retainer 1610, and fixed mechanism 1630 comprises steady pin 1632 and bias spring (not shown).

Drill bit 1620 has two installing holes 1626 that are formed with the main body of two cutting edges 1621 and form on the left side of drill bit 1620 and right side respectively.Should be understood that insert hole 1626 is perforates, it is the fluting form forming in the side of drill bit 1620.This is contrary with the drill bit 620 shown in Figure 45 A to Figure 45 L (the wherein form in insert hole 626Shi Yi hole).

Note Figure 56 C, perforate 1626 allows to approach steady pin 1632 (shown in Figure 56 B), so that drill bit 1620 is from 1610 dismountings of drilling tool retainer.Drill bit 1620 also has and is suitable for the contact surface 1626i that contacts with the steady pin 1632 of fixed mechanism 1630 in perforate 1626.

Should also be noted that, because insert hole 1626 is that (as shown in Figure 45 A to Figure 45 L) opens from the side rather than from top, in order to make drill bit 1620 from 1610 dismountings of drilling tool retainer, the instrument that need to simultaneously press two steady pins 1632 should be able to enter from both sides insert hole 1626.This can by two independently instrument realize, for example, two screwdrivers or there is the individual tool that is suitable for inserting two extensions in insert hole 1626.

Go to now Figure 57 A and 57B, drilling tool 1600 is shown as and comprises the extended element 1700 being positioned between drilling tool retainer 1610 and drill bit 1620.The main body 1710 of extended element 1700 is arranged to make its near-end 1712 _pbe connected to drilling tool retainer 1610, and make its far-end 1712 _dbe connected to drill bit 1620.

Can realize by the unique design of extended element 1700-its near-end 1712 of this layout _pbe designed mounting portion 1720, this mounting portion 1720 has the structure with the mounting portion broadly similar of drill bit 1620, and its far-end is formed with standing part 1740, and this standing part 1740 has the structure similar to the standing part of drilling tool retainer 1610.

With reference now to Figure 58 A to Figure 58 C,, wherein extended element 1700 is illustrated.Should see, the mounting portion 1720 of extended element 1700 is also formed with two perforates 1726 similar to the insert hole 1626 of drill bit 1620, and is formed with and is suitable for the contact surface 1726i that engages with the steady pin 1632 of drilling tool retainer 1610.Also should see, the standing part 1730 of extended element 1700 comprises the fixed mechanism 1740 with two steady pins 1742 and two substrate surfaces 1746, and fixed mechanism 1740 is suitable in the similar mode of the fixed mechanism 1630 to drilling tool retainer 1610, drill bit 1620 being installed and is fixed thereon.

Also should see, the main body 1710 of extended element 1700 is formed with helicla flute 1714, and helicla flute 1714 spirals around central axis X, and is suitable for making both flute profile state smooth continuation of drilling tool retainer 1610 and drill bit 1620.

Should be understood that this extended element 1700 provides the effective extension for the extension elongation of drilling tool 1600.Should also be understood that the mode that a plurality of extended elements 1700 can chain-like is hinged each other, thereby form extremely long drilling tool 1600.

Also should see, extended element can be formed with and be suitable for drill bit standing part fixed thereon, and bit diameter or size can be different from diameter or the size of the drill bit using together with drilling tool retainer 1600.

According to an example, extended element is consistent along its longitudinal axis diameter, and the standing part of extended element is designed to install large/less drill bit thereon, and for example, steady pin is apart far away/nearer respectively.According to another example, extended element can be taper, has the diameter that increases/reduce towards its far-end, make its be suitable for by large/less drill bit is mounted thereto.

According to above-mentioned disclosed example, tool set can be arranged to comprise a plurality of extended elements 1700 with different-diameter and length.For example, but tool set can comprise that all has a plurality of extended elements 1700 that same diameter length is different, to allow operator to make the length of drilling tool 1600 extend to desired amount according to the operation of expectation.In addition, but tool set can comprise that all has the different a plurality of extended elements 1700 of equal length diameter, to allow operator to use different bore diameters for different desired operations.Tool set also can comprise two groups simultaneously, i.e. the extended element of different length and the extended element of different-diameter.

Pay close attention to now Figure 59 A, be wherein marked as substantially 2000 lathe tool (turning tool) and be shown as and comprise lathe tool retainer 2100, cutting insert 2200 and fixed mechanism 2300.Fixed mechanism 2300 to operate with the closely similar mode of previous disclosed embodiment, that is, utilizes steady pin 2310 (as shown in Figure 59 A to Figure 60) and bias spring 2340 (shown in Figure 59 D and Figure 59 E).

Specifically, with reference to Figure 60 to Figure 61 B, should see, cutting insert 2200 is formed with the main body 2210 with end face 2212T and bottom surface 2212B, and four sidewall 2214a to 2214d extend betwixt.Cutting insert 2200 also has eight cutting edges that define in the intersection of end face 2212T and bottom surface 2212B and sidewall 2214a to 2214d, cutting edge is marked as respectively 2216aT, 2216aB, 2216bT, 2216bB, 2216cT, 2216cB, 2216dT, 2216dB, wherein small letter mark refers to sidewall, and capitalization refers to that note refers to top cutting edge or the end cutting edge of sidewall.

Cutting insert 2200 is also formed with the hole (central faceted bore) 2220 of the facet at center, hole 2220 has central axis X and about plane P (shown in Figure 61 B) symmetry, this plane P is extended and be in parallel between end face 2212T and bottom surface 2212B.The hole 2220 of facet is formed with two groups of stationary planes, and one group of stationary plane extends towards plane P from end face 2212T, and is therefore known as top stationary plane, and another group stationary plane extends towards plane P from bottom surface 2212B, and is therefore known as end stationary plane.

Therefore, each top stationary plane comes deckle circle ，Cong top by carrying out deckle circle with the intersecting lens of end face 2212T in its left side and right side by the top stationary plane being close to, and carrys out deckle circle from bottom by the intersecting lens of the end stationary plane with corresponding.Similarly, each end stationary plane carrys out deckle circle in its left side and right side by the end stationary plane being close to, and from bottom by the intersecting lens with bottom surface 2212B, comes deckle circle ，Cong top to carry out deckle circle by the intersecting lens of the top stationary plane with corresponding.

According to above design, can define:

● the top opening 2224T being defined by the intersecting lens of top stationary plane and end face 2212T;

● the bottom opening 2224B being defined by the intersecting lens of end stationary plane and bottom surface 2212B; And

● the central opening 2226 being defined by the intersecting lens between top stationary plane and end stationary plane.

Concrete with reference to figure 61A and Figure 61 B, the hole 2220 of cutting insert 2200 is formed with eight end face 2221T to 2228T and eight bottom surface 2221B to 2228B.Top stationary plane 2221T to 2228T is tapered towards plane P, makes it larger with the intersecting lens of corresponding end stationary plane than it in length with the intersecting lens of end face 2212T.Similarly, stationary plane 2221B to 2228B is tapered towards plane P at the end, makes it larger with the intersecting lens of corresponding top stationary plane than it in length with the intersecting lens of bottom surface 2212B.

It shall yet further be noted that top stationary plane 2221T to 2228T and end stationary plane 2221B to 2228B are arranged to respectively, make the intersecting lens of itself and end face 2212T and bottom surface 2212B be not parallel to respectively sidewall 2214a to 2214d, but be 45° angle with it.

For cutting insert 2200, the installation on lathe tool retainer 2100 will become obviously the advantage of above-mentioned design, and this discusses with reference to Figure 59 B to Figure 59 E.

Go to now Figure 60, the steady pin 2310 of fixed mechanism 2300 is shown as and comprises main body 2312, main body 2312 is along central axis X extension and have near-end 2312P and far-end 2312D, near-end 2312P is suitable for being housed inside in the corresponding aperture 2130 (shown in Figure 59 D and Figure 59 E) of lathe tool retainer 2100, and far-end 2312D is suitable for from lathe tool retainer 2100 outstanding.

Far-end 2312D is formed with fixture 2320, and fixture 2320 has a plurality of pin stationary planes of arranging around central axis X.Pin stationary plane tilts to form the part of similar taper at a certain angle.In this concrete example, steady pin is formed with eight pin stationary planes, is labeled as respectively 2321 to 2328.

Pay close attention to now Figure 59 B, be depicted as the lathe tool retainer 2100 of cutting insert 2200 before being mounted thereon.Lathe tool retainer 2100 has main body 2110 and is formed with the seat defining by bottom surface 2111 and two sidewalls 2112 and 2114.Bottom surface 2111 is formed with pin-and-hole 2130, and this pin-and-hole 2130 is contained in wherein steady pin 2310.

Should see, the far-end 2312D of steady pin 2310 is with to outstanding from the bottom surface 2111 of the seat of lathe tool retainer 2100 about the similar mode of the disclosed mode of previous embodiment.It shall yet further be noted that steady pin 2310 can rotate freely around its central axis X.

Go to now Figure 59 C to Figure 59 E, when cutting insert 2200 was installed in the seat of cutting tool retainer 2100 when upper, can arrange like this, steady pin 2310 contacts with cutting insert 2200 via two end stationary plane.

Especially, should see the central axis X of steady pin 2310 _pcentral axis X to the hole 2220 of cutting insert 2200 _ioffset d.Therefore, when cutting insert 2200 was installed in the seat of lathe tool retainer 2100 when upper, steady pin 2310 is pushed upwardly by bias spring 2340, makes two in its pin stationary plane two end stationary planes with cutting insert 2200 to contact.It shall yet further be noted that pin stationary plane 2321 to 2328 formed angle δ equal the angle δ of top stationary plane 2221T to 2228T, and bottom surface 2221B to 2228B is tapered towards plane P.

Concrete with reference to figure 59D and 59E, pin stationary plane 2322 contacts end

stationary plane

2222B and 2223B with 2323, and cutting insert 2200 is advanced towards sidewall 2112 and the angle between sidewall 2114 of lathe tool retainer 2100.

By the steady pin 2310 in the seat of lathe tool retainer 2100, this layout provides cutting insert 2200 more fixing.Should also be understood that because steady pin 2310 is around its central axis X _pfree to rotate, if its pin stationary plane is not aimed at the corresponding end stationary plane of cutting insert 2200, it will only be pushed to rotate around its axis, thereby occupy the position shown in Figure 59 C to Figure 59 E.

In addition, due in above-mentioned layout, the contact between steady pin 2310 and cutting insert 2200 obtains by two plane surfaces, and cutting insert 2200 is held more firm in the seat of lathe tool retainer.And, should be appreciated that cutting insert made by extremely hard material substantially, to compare with these materials, steel (steady pin is made by it conventionally) is very soft.In the example that uses circular pegs (not having the fixture of facet), the contact between steady pin and cutting insert can obtain by contact wire or contact point.This contact will make considerable steady pin product deformation (yield) in the time in short-term.With respect to previously, for example with reference to the disclosed steady pin of figure 34A, use the steady pin 2310 of facet as disclosed above, allowed to extend the lifetime of steady pin 2310.

Pay close attention to now Figure 62 A, be wherein marked as substantially 3000 cutting tool and be shown as and comprise cutting tool retainer 3100, cutting insert 3200 and fixed mechanism 3300.Fixed mechanism 3300, to operate with the closely similar mode of previous disclosed embodiment, utilizes steady pin 3310 (shown in Figure 62 A to Figure 63) and bias spring 3340 (shown in Figure 62 C).

Cutting tool retainer 3100 is formed with seat, and this seat being defined by bottom surface 3111 and two

sidewalls

3112 and 3114 defines.Each sidewall in sidewall 3112 and sidewall 3114 is formed with respectively respectively the

fixedly ridge

3116 and 3118 being defined by upper crestal surface 3116T and 3118T and lower crestal surface 3116B and 3118B.Fixedly ridge 3116 is used in the similar mode of ridge 371 to shown in Figure 38 with 3118.

In addition, bottom surface 2111 is formed with pin-and-hole 2130 (shown in Figure 62 C), and pin-and-hole 2130 is contained in steady pin 2310 wherein.

Go to Figure 64, cutting insert 3200 is shown as and is formed with main body 3210, four sidewall 3214a to 3214d that main body 3210 has end face 3212T and bottom surface 3212B and extends betwixt.Intersecting lens between sidewall 3214a to 3214d and end face 3212T and bottom surface 3212B has defined respectively eight cutting edges, and eight cutting edges are marked as respectively 2216aT, 2216aB, 2216bT, 2216bB, 2216cT, 2216cB, 2216dT and 2216dB.In addition, each in sidewall 3214a to 3214d is formed with the V-arrangement ditch being defined by top groove face and cunette face, is marked as respectively 2218aT, 2218aB, 2218bT, 2218bB, 2218cT, 2218cB, 2218dT and 2218dB.V-arrangement ditch is suitable for further making cutting insert 3200 be fixed in the seat of cutting tool 3100 in the mode similar with the described mode of Figure 39 A to Figure 38.

Cutting insert 3200 is also formed with centre bore 3220, this centre bore 3220 is defined by four interior fixed

surfaces

3222,3224,3226 and 3228, and these four interior fixed

surfaces

3222,3224,3226 are connected with 2229 by circular chamfer surface (fillet surface) 2223,2225,2227 respectively with 3228.It should be noted that

inner surface

3222,3224,3226 and 3228 is all plane substantially and extends with 45° angle with respect to sidewall 3214a to 3214d.

Go to Figure 63, steady pin 3310 is shown as and comprises main body 3312, and main body 3312 is along central axis X _pextend, and have near-end 3312P and far-end 3312D, near-end 3312P is suitable for being housed inside in the corresponding aperture 3130 (shown in Figure 62 C) of cutting tool retainer 3100, and far-end 3312D is suitable for from cutting tool retainer 3100 outstanding.

Far-end 3312D is formed with fixture 3320, and fixture 3320 has around central axis X _pa plurality of pin stationary planes of arranging.Pin stationary plane tilts with certain angle, thereby forms the part of similar pyramid.In this concrete example, steady pin 3310 is formed with four pin stationary planes that are labeled as respectively 3321 to 3324.

Pay close attention to now Figure 62 B and Figure 62 C, wherein cutting insert 3200 is shown as in the seat that is installed in cutting tool retainer 3100.In this position, the bottom surface 3212B of cutting insert 3200 flush against the bottom surface 3111 of cutting tool retainer 3100, and the

fixedly ditch

3116 and 3118 of cutting tool retainer 3100 is housed inside in corresponding fixedly ditch 3118a and 3118b, thereby prevent that cutting insert 3200 from engaging with bottom surface 3111 releasings of cutting tool retainer 3100.

Should see, pin-and-hole 3130 has the angled axis X in bottom surface 3111 with cutting tool retainer 3100, therefore causes the central axis X of steady pin 3310 _pangled with bottom surface 3111.Therefore, in Figure 62 B and the shown position of Figure 62 C, steady pin 3310 is exerted pressure to cutting insert 3200 via the inner surface 3222 in hole 3220, thereby its corner towards the seat of cutting tool retainer 3100 is advanced, and this corner is defined by the intersecting lens between

sidewall

3112 and 3114.

In particular, it should be noted that the face angle ε of steady pin 3310 equals the central axis X of pin-and-hole 3130 and the inclination angle of 3111 one-tenth of bottom surfaces, allow pin stationary plane (being 3321 in this embodiment) to contact completely with the interior fixed surface 3228 of cutting insert 3200.

Should also be understood that with respect to previously for example with reference to the disclosed steady pin of figure 34A, use the steady pin 3310 of facet as disclosed above, allow to extend the service life of steady pin 3310.

Pay close attention to now Figure 65, be wherein marked as substantially 4000 cutting tool and be shown as and comprise tool holder 4100, cutting insert 4200 and fixed mechanism 4300.Fixed mechanism 4300 to be to operate with the mode of previous disclosed embodiment fairly similar, utilizes steady pin 4310 (as shown in Figure 62 A to Figure 63 3310) and bias spring 4340 (as shown in Figure 62 C 3340).

Cutting tool retainer 4100 is formed with hole 4130 that diameter is D and at the recess 4132 with diameter d < D of its near-end.Steady pin 4310 has the main body 4312 of the diameter D corresponding with the diameter D in hole 4130, and be formed with the pin-and-hole 4320 of diameter D ' < D and at the recess 4322 of its far-end, recess 4322 has the diameter d equating with the diameter d of instrument 4132, makes d < D ' < D.

Should see, bias spring 4340 forms as having the coil of the nominal diameter D ' corresponding with the diameter D ' of pin-and-hole 4320.In addition, the first lap of bias spring 4340 and last lap 4344 have less diameter d ', diameter d ' is a bit larger tham diameter d.

Above-mentioned disclosed design allows first lap and the last lap 4344 of bias spring 4340 to be housed inside in corresponding recess 4132 and 4322, so that they are exerted pressure to recess 4132 and 4322 due to the difference of diameter (d ' > d).This pressure allows first lap and last lap 4344 to engage securely with corresponding recess 4132 and 4322, for preventing that bias spring 4340 from departing from from steady pin 4310 and/or cutting tool retainer 4100 method needing that provides.

Go to Figure 66 A and Figure 66 B, another embodiment that is marked as substantially 4340 ' bias spring is shown as and comprises the spring main body 4342 ' with nominal diameter D.The first lap of bias spring 4340 ' and last lap 4344 ' are all shown as has slightly large nominal diameter D ' > D.

This design allows bias spring to be housed inside in the hole that cutting tool retainer (not shown) has diameter D and has in the steady pin (not shown) of pin-and-hole that diameter is D, and first lap 4344 ' engages with the near-end in the hole of cutting tool retainer securely, and last lap 4344 ' securely with the distal engagement of pin-and-hole, thereby obtain prevent that steady pin from departing from from hole with reference to the disclosed similar effects of Figure 65.

The technical staff in the field relevant with the present invention will readily appreciate that, according to circumstances does suitable change, can make multiple change, variation and modification and not depart from scope of the present invention.

Claims

One kind can inverted cutting insert, comprise end face, bottom surface, at least one sidewall extending between described end face and described bottom surface, with the centre bore with central axis, described centre bore extends between described end face and described bottom surface, and be formed with at least the first inner surface and the second inner surface, each inner surface extends between described end face and described bottom surface, and each inner surface has the first top edge and the second top edge separately and in described bottom surface, has the first feather edge and the second feather edge separately at described end face, wherein, ultimate range R between described the first feather edge and described central axis ₁be greater than the ultimate range r between described the first top edge and described central axis ₁, and described the second top edge is from the ultimate range R of described central axis ₂be greater than the ultimate range r between described the second feather edge and described central axis ₂.
2. cutting insert as claimed in claim 1, wherein, at least one in described the first inner surface and described the second inner surface is plane surface so that its minute other top edge and feather edge be essentially the form of straight line.
3. cutting insert as claimed in claim 2, wherein, described plane surface arranges symmetrically with respect to described central axis, so that the ultimate range in the end of described line changes between the minimum range of the center of described line from the distance of described central axis.
4. the cutting insert as described in claim 1,2 or 3, wherein, the minimum range R between described the first feather edge and described central axis ₁' be greater than the minimum range r between described the first top edge and described central axis ₁', and the minimum range R between described the second top edge and described central axis ₂' be greater than the minimum range r between described the second feather edge and described central axis ₂'.
5. cutting insert as claimed any one in claims 1 to 3, wherein, at least one in described the first inner surface and described the second inner surface is curved surface so that its minute other top edge and the feather edge form that is a part for circle.
6. cutting insert as claimed in claim 5, wherein, described the first inner surface and/or described the second inner surface arrange symmetrically with respect to described central axis so that its minute other top edge and feather edge on from described central axis, be a little equidistant.
7. cutting insert as claimed any one in claims 1 to 3, wherein, described first surface and described second surface are mutually symmetrical, if so that by described cutting insert overturning, described second surface is identical with described first surface.
8. cutting insert as claimed in claim 7, wherein, described distance R ₁equal described distance R ₂, and described apart from r ₁equal described apart from r ₂.
9. cutting insert as claimed any one in claims 1 to 3, wherein, the described hole of described cutting insert is formed with a plurality of inner surfaces.
10. cutting insert as claimed in claim 9, wherein, depends on top cutting edge in described cutting insert and the quantity of end cutting edge, and the described hole of described cutting insert is formed with n inner surface, and wherein n is greater than two even number.
11. cutting inserts as claimed in claim 10, wherein, the described inner surface of described cutting insert arranges with alternating sequence, so that have, is greater than its corresponding feather edge has from the distance of described central axis and be less than its corresponding feather edge from the inner surface of the top edge of the distance of described central axis from each inner surface vicinity of the top edge of the distance of described central axis from the distance of described central axis.
12. cutting inserts as claimed in claim 10, wherein, the edge of each inner surface depends on the quantity of described inner surface around the angle of circumference scope of the described central axis in described hole.
13. cutting inserts as claimed in claim 12, wherein, for n inner surface, the circumference range at each edge will be 360 °/n.
14. cutting inserts as claimed any one in claims 1 to 3, wherein, at least one in described inner surface is by facet.
15. cutting inserts as claimed in claim 10, a wherein said n inner surface is four, six or eight inner surfaces.
16. 1 kinds of moulds, for the manufacture of the cutting insert as described in any one in claim 1 to 15, described mould comprises the first mold component and the second mold component, each member comprises having the main body of front surface and be formed with mold cavity in described front surface, described mold cavity is defined by chamber substrate surface and at least one chamber sidewall and has a central axis perpendicular to described substrate surface, each mold component also comprises outstanding and substantially perpendicular to the molded element of described chamber substrate surface from described chamber substrate surface, described molded element is formed with along X-axis to be arranged and about two tapered segments of Y-axis symmetry, so that extend along described Y-axis between described two tapered segments in two gaps, described X-axis and Y-axis intersect at substrate surface place, described chamber and described central axis, described in each, tapered segment has the outer surface extending between described substrate surface and the rising surface away from described substrate surface, with formation chamber, the intersecting lens place basal edge arc at described outer surface and described chamber substrate surface, and the intersecting lens place between described outer surface and described rising surface forms rising marginal arc, wherein, distance R between described basal edge arc and described central axis is greater than the distance r between described rising marginal arc and described central axis, and wherein said the first mold component and described the second mold component are designed in mold position, the tapered segment of described the second mold component is mounted in the described gap between the tapered segment of described the first mold component, in described position, the front surface separately of each in described mold component flush against each other, and the rising flush ground separately of each in described mold component is against the substrate surface separately of relative mold component, in described position, the described tapered segment of two members defines the described centre bore of described cutting insert together.
17. moulds as claimed in claim 16, wherein, described mold component is configured to enter mold position to contact with each other, so that described mold component is by orientation, thereby make its front surface separately flush against each other, and make in described mold component each rising flush separately against the substrate surface separately of relative mold component.
18. moulds as described in claim 16 or 17, wherein, the described outer surface of each in described mold component is curved surface.
19. moulds as described in claim 16 or 17, wherein, described outer surface is cone shape.
20. moulds as described in claim 16 or 17, wherein, the described mold cavity of each in described mold component is the square dies chamber of being defined by four chamber sidewalls that extend perpendicular to described substrate surface.
21. moulds as claimed in claim 20, wherein, described central axis extends from described square center.
22. moulds as claimed in claim 16, wherein, each in described tapered segment has the basal edge arc arranged on described substrate surface and rises to the rising marginal arc above described substrate surface.
23. moulds as claimed in claim 22, wherein, described basal edge arc has the radius R with respect to described central axis, and described rising marginal arc has the radius r with respect to described central axis, the size of R and r is equivalent to distance R and the r of the inner surface of described cutting insert, the distance R of the inner surface of wherein said cutting insert and r are respectively the feather edge of this inner surface of described cutting insert and the top edge of this inner surface of the distance between the central axis of described cutting insert and described cutting insert and the distance between the central axis of described cutting insert.
24. 1 kinds of cutting tools, comprise cutting tool retainer and the cutting insert as described in any one in claim 1-15, described cutting tool retainer comprises and is suitable for described cutting insert to be arranged on the seat part on described cutting tool retainer, described seat part comprises by basal surface and the seat that defines with angled at least one sidewall of described basal surface, there is axially bored line and there is the seat hole at the openend of the described bottom surface of described seat, and for described cutting insert being fixed on to the fixed mechanism of described seat, described fixed mechanism comprises shift unit and steady pin, described steady pin is contained in described seat hole and has main body and define pin axis along described steady pin, described main body has the outer surface extending between the near-end of described main body and far-end, described shift unit is separated with described steady pin and be suitable for mechanically engaging described steady pin, for described steady pin is shifted between at least the first installation site and the second fixed position along the described axially bored line in described seat hole, at far-end described in described the first installation site, in described seat hole, give prominence to, through described basal surface, enter described seat and arrive the first degree, to allow described cutting insert to be placed in described seat, alignd against described basal surface in the bottom surface of described cutting insert, at far-end described in described the second fixed position, in described seat hole, give prominence to, through described basal surface, enter described seat, arrival is greater than the second degree of described the first degree, to allow the inner surface in insert hole described in the distal engagement of described steady pin, thus that described insert is fixing in place.
25. cutting tools as claimed in claim 24, wherein, described seat hole is threadless.
26. cutting tools as claimed in claim 24, wherein, the far-end of described steady pin is formed with faceted portion.
27. cutting tools as claimed in claim 26, wherein, the inner surface in described insert hole in the mode of the described faceted portion of the far-end corresponding to described steady pin by facet.
28. cutting tools as claimed in claim 27, wherein, the joint between the facet inner surface in described insert hole and the facet far-end of described steady pin is realized by the Surface Contact between two corresponding faces.
29. cutting tools as claimed in claim 28, wherein, described steady pin rotates freely around described pin axis.
30. cutting tools as described in any one in claim 26 to 29, wherein, the described faceted portion of described steady pin is conical in shape.
31. cutting tools as described in any one in claim 24 to 29, wherein, the layout of the inner surface in described steady pin and described cutting insert hole makes the inner surface in described pin axis and described cutting insert hole angled, thereby makes the described inner surface of being defined in of described cutting insert and be fastened between the far-end and described sidewall of described steady pin in the face of the part between described at least one side of the sidewall of described seat.