CN102307351A - Game-theory-based spectrum allocation method, communication equipment and system - Google Patents
Game-theory-based spectrum allocation method, communication equipment and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a game-theory-based spectrum allocation method, communication equipment and a game-theory-based spectrum allocation system. The method mainly comprises that: a first user in a cognitive radio cell performs probability calculation on spectrum resources by utilizing a Bernoulli test, and judges whether a communication channel in the spectrum resources is occupied by the first user or not; if the communication channel is occupied by the first user, the first user calculates interference values Io generated on all available communication channels by the first user; after receiving the interference values Io, a receiver of a second user in the cognitive radio cell calculates interference values Id of users except the second user for the second user, and calculates a utility function U1 on each channel in the spectrum resources; and the second user extracts a communication channel corresponding to a value of the utility function U1 according to the value of the utility function U1 as the communication channel of the second user. The embodiment of the invention reduces electromagnetic interference among user equipment, and more effectively utilizes the spectrum resources.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to communication technical field, relate in particular to a kind of based on the frequency spectrum distributing method under the game theory and communication equipment and system.
Background technology
Along with development of modern science and technology and progress; Electronics, electric equipment or system obtain application more and more widely; Almost be penetrated into the every field of national defence and name of the country economy, and with surprising rapidity towards highly integrated, microminiaturized, low-power consumption, digitlization, intelligent direction development.Electronics, electric equipment or system are more and more higher to the susceptibility of electromagnetic interference, and owing to the application of a large amount of electronic equipments, the electromagnetic signal of high density, wide spectrum almost has been full of the space of whole human survival, has constituted extremely complex electromagnetic environments simultaneously.How between equipment and system and electromagnetic environment, to seek a kind of relation of coordination and the condition of coexistence, become the difficult problem that must solve on the modern electronic technology road for development.So just rapidly grown up to suppress electromagnetic compatibility and electromagnetic protection technology that electromagnetic interference is a purpose; And more and more receive people's attention; It is the basis with the basic theories of Electrical and Electronic science, and pays attention to and solve related theory of various electromagnetic pollutions and technical barrier.
Along with the quick growth of radio communication service demand, the usable spectrum resource becomes more and more rare.People are through adopting advanced radio communication theory and technology; When making great efforts to improve spectrum utilization efficiency like link adaptation techniques, multi-antenna technology etc.; The utilance of but finding the reasonable low-frequency range frequency spectrum of whole world mandate frequency range, especially signal propagation characteristics is extremely low.Show that according to research at any one time, the used frequency spectrum of people only accounts for 2% one 6% of all usable spectrums.Problem is not that real frequency spectrum is deficient, but that we do not have is a kind of in the requirement of satisfying existing mandate spectrum users, spectrum access is carried out the technology of intelligent management.Therefore in recent years, can realize that the frequency spectrum share technology of utilizing had again received people's extensive concern to non-renewable frequency spectrum resource.Cognitive radio (cognitive radio; CR) as a kind of frequency spectrum share technology of intelligence; Can rely on the support of artificial intelligence; The cognitive radio communication environment; According to certain study and decision making algorithm, real-time adaptive ground changes system operational parameters, dynamically detects and effectively utilize idle frequency spectrum; Allow on time, frequency and space, to carry out the spectrum reuse of multidimensional in theory, this will reduce the constraint to the wireless technology development of frequency spectrum and bandwidth constraints greatly.
When people make great efforts to improve the availability of frequency spectrum through adopting advanced radio communication theory and technology, but find whole world mandate frequency range, especially the utilance of low-frequency range frequency spectrum is extremely low.The Berkely of California, USA university divides the situation of utilizing of check and correction frequency spectrum to do once statistics, as shown in Figure 1, finds that the above frequency range of 3GHz almost is not used, and the following frequency range of 3GHz has much 70% be not fully utilized.Prior art is intelligence, flexible inadequately, does not also have the function of systematically intelligence learning certainly.In addition, as long as after prior art comes into operation when reality is used, reconfigure, difficulty, workload and the cost of system upgrade be all higher.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of prior art; The invention provides a kind of based on the frequency spectrum distributing method under the game theory and communication equipment and system; Through game theory is devices allocation correspondent frequency resource, solves the problem of Electro Magnetic Compatibility in the existing equipment environment.
In order to address the above problem, the present invention proposes a kind ofly based on the frequency spectrum distributing method under the game theory, comprising:
First user under the cognitive radio sub-district utilizes the Bei Nuli test to carry out the probability calculation of frequency spectrum resource, judges whether a communication channel in the frequency spectrum resource is that first user is shared;
If said communication channel is that first user is shared, first user calculates the interference value Io that said first user produces on all available communication channels, and said interference value Io is sent to the user under the cognitive radio sub-district;
After second user's under the cognitive radio sub-district receiving terminal was received interference value Io, the user of calculating except that second user calculated the utility function U1 on each channel in the frequency spectrum resource to second user's interference value Id;
Second user extracts the high pairing communication channel of utility function value U1 value as the second user's communications channel according to utility function U1 value result.
Said second user extracts the high pairing channel of utility function value U1 value according to utility function U1 value result and also comprises as after the second user's communications channel:
Second user sends to all users under the cognitive radio sub-district with selected communication channel through Common Control Channel;
All users under the cognitive radio sub-district confirm the communication channel that second user who receives selectes, and upgrade the Channel Status Table of self.
Said second user extracts the high pairing communication channel of utility function value U1 value according to utility function U1 value result and comprises as the second user's communications channel:
When second user does not receive first user's interference, extract the maximum pairing communication channel of utility function value U1 value as the second user's communications channel;
When said user receives first user's interference, extract utility function value U1 and take second place in the pairing communication channel of the maximum second user's communications channel the most.
Said second user extracts the high pairing communication channel of utility function value U1 value according to utility function U1 value result and also comprises as the second user's communications channel:
When the pairing utility function value of communication channel U1 is identical, with selecting a communication channel at random as the second user's communications channel.
Said utility function U1 expression formula is:
Wherein: P={p1, p2 ..., pN} is the transmitting power set of N radio subscriber, S={s1, and s2 ..., sN} is a strategy set, f (sj si) is jamming equation:
Accordingly, the embodiment of the invention also discloses a kind of communication equipment, comprising:
First receiving element is used to receive the interference value Io of main user to producing on all available communication channels under the dried cognitive radio sub-district;
Processing unit is used for user outside the communication equipment to the interference value Id of said communication equipment, calculates the utility function U1 on each channel in the frequency spectrum resource;
The spectrum allocation may unit is used for extracting the high pairing communication channel of utility function value U1 value as the second user's communications channel according to utility function U1 value result.
Said communication equipment also comprises:
The probability calculation unit is used to utilize the Bei Nuli test to carry out the probability calculation of frequency spectrum resource, judges whether a communication channel in the frequency spectrum resource is that communication equipment is shared;
The interference value computing unit is used to calculate the interference value Io that said communication equipment produces on all available communication channels;
First transmitting element is used for said interference value Io is sent to the user under the cognitive radio sub-district.
Said communication equipment also comprises:
Second transmitting element is used for selected communication channel is sent to all users under the cognitive radio sub-district through Common Control Channel; Perhaps
Second receiving element is used to receive user under the cognitive radio sub-district based on the affirmation information of the selected communication channel of Common Control Channel, and upgrades the Channel Status Table of self.
Accordingly, the embodiment of the invention also discloses a kind ofly, comprise plural at least subscriber equipment based on the spectrum allocation may system under the game theory, wherein:
First subscriber equipment is used to utilize the Bei Nuli test to carry out the probability calculation of frequency spectrum resource, judges whether a communication channel in the frequency spectrum resource is own shared; If said communication channel is own shared, then calculates the interference value Io that said first subscriber equipment produces on all available communication channels, and said interference value Io is sent to the subscriber equipment under the cognitive radio sub-district;
After second subscriber equipment was used to receive the interference value Io of first subscriber equipment transmission, the subscriber equipment of calculating except that second subscriber equipment calculated the utility function U1 on each channel in the frequency spectrum resource to the interference value Id of second subscriber equipment; Extract the communication channel of the high pairing communication channel of utility function value U1 value according to utility function U1 value result as second subscriber equipment.
In embodiments of the present invention; Distribute frequency spectrum resource dynamically through game theory; With flexibly, intelligence, reconfigurable be notable feature; Through the perception external environment; And use artificial intelligence technology from environment, to learn; Some operating parameter of real time altering (such as through-put power, carrier frequency and modulation technique etc.) on purpose; Make its internal state adapt to the statistics variations of the wireless signal that receives, thereby realize any time, the high reliable communication in any place and heterogeneous network environment limited wireless frequency spectrum resource utilized efficiently.The core concept of cognitive radio is exactly the intelligence learning ability through frequency spectrum perception and system, realizes dynamic frequency spectrum deployment and frequency spectrum share.Through game theory is devices allocation correspondent frequency resource, solves the problem of Electro Magnetic Compatibility in the existing equipment environment, thereby makes the electromagnetic interference property minimizing of user's equipment room, more efficient use frequency spectrum resource.
Description of drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the invention or technical scheme of the prior art; To do to introduce simply to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or the description of the Prior Art below; Obviously; Accompanying drawing in describing below only is some embodiments of the present invention; For those of ordinary skills; Under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain other accompanying drawing according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is to the test result exemplary plot of the availability of frequency spectrum in the prior art;
Fig. 2 is based on the frequency spectrum distributing method flow chart under the game theory in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the cognitive circulation model sketch map of cognitive radio in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 utilizes game theory that analysis process figure is carried out in the research of cognitive radio technology in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is based on the implementation flow chart of frequency spectrum distributing method under the game theory in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is based on the spectrum allocation may system construction drawing under the game theory in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 is a communication equipment structural representation in the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
To combine the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the invention below, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is carried out clear, intactly description, obviously, described embodiment only is the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment among the present invention, those of ordinary skills are not making the every other embodiment that is obtained under the creative work prerequisite, all belong to the scope of the present invention's protection.
For solving spectrum reuse and the interference problem in the digital home network, present embodiment has adopted cognitive radio technology.In the cognitive radio notion, important is cognitive ring, and it figuratively speaking understands cognitive process.And the key to the issue that will study is spectrum allocation may strategy reasonable in design, makes the equipment that interferes with each other co-operation to greatest extent, makes the effective rate of utilization of frequency spectrum the highest.And, can rationally also effectively solve the method for electromagnetic compatibility problem in the digital home network In the view of at present, non-cognitive radio has not belonged to.In addition, for the cognitive process of cognitive radio, we have introduced game theoretic notion, make system in game, reach the maximization of interests, the equilibrium of Nash.
Based on thought of the present invention, Fig. 2 show in the embodiment of the invention based on the frequency spectrum distributing method flow chart under the game theory, comprise the steps:
S201: first user under the cognitive radio sub-district utilizes Bei Nuli experiment the carrying out probability calculation of frequency spectrum resource;
S202: judge whether a communication channel in the frequency spectrum resource is that first user is shared, if then carry out S203, otherwise carries out S207;
S203: first user calculates the interference value Io that said first user produces on all available channels, and said interference value Io is sent to the user under the cognitive radio sub-district;
S204: after second user's under the cognitive radio sub-district receiving terminal was received interference value Io, the user of calculating except that second user calculated the utility function U1 on each channel in the frequency spectrum resource to second user's interference value Id;
S205: second user extracts the high pairing communication channel of utility function value U1 value as the second user's communications channel according to utility function U1 value result;
Concrete, should, second user extract the maximum pairing communication channel of utility function value U1 value when not receiving first user's interference as the second user's communications channel;
When said user receives first user's interference, extract utility function value U1 and take second place in the pairing communication channel of the maximum second user's communications channel the most;
When the pairing utility function value of communication channel U1 is identical, with selecting a communication channel at random as the second user's communications channel.
The utility function U1 expression formula here is:
Wherein: P={p1, p2 ..., pN} is the transmitting power set of N radio subscriber, S={s1, and s2 ..., sN} is a strategy set, f (sj si) is jamming equation:
S206: second user sends to all users under the cognitive radio sub-district with selected communication channel through Common Control Channel;
S207: all users under the cognitive radio sub-district monitor Common Control Channel;
S208: all users under the cognitive radio sub-district confirm the communication channel that second user who receives selectes, and upgrade the Channel Status Table of self.
Need to prove; The cognitive radio here is a kind of support that can rely on artificial intelligence, and the cognitive radio communication environment is according to certain study and decision making algorithm; In real time, the adaptively modifying system operational parameters, dynamically detect and effectively utilize the radio of idle frequency spectrum.Fig. 3 has described the cognitive circulation model of cognitive radio; Can therefrom find out; The task definition of its communication is familiar with in the excitation that cognitive radio system provides through the analysis external environment condition; Then the content that receives and send is analyzed; Selecting suitable settling mode, purpose is the high availability for high reliability that realizes communicating by letter and frequency spectrum.Cognitive radio system should possess abilities such as detection, analysis, adjustment.In fact, these concrete functions are exactly the chief component of a cognitive circulation.
In cognitive radio,, just require to find with fully perception and utilize radio spectrum resources of effective method for the scarcity that solves frequency spectrum resource and the present lower problem of the fixed allocation availability of frequency spectrum.This also just relates to the content of spectrum allocation may.The interstitial content that spectrum allocation may is meant connecting system as required with and service request spectrum allocation may is given the node of one or more formulations.The direct decision systems capacity of the selection of spectrum allocation may strategy, the availability of frequency spectrum and the demand that can satisfy the continuous variation of user.The present invention is based on the cognitive radio technology of game theoretic spectrum allocation may algorithm.We know that game theoretic maximum characteristics are can be for corresponding game process finds the Nash Equilibrium point, and so, numerous algorithm design can known and analyze to game theory just, makes us find optimal policy to the research of some problem.Cognitive radio can detect the available spectrum space, changes self messaging parameter to adapt to the new generation of wireless electricity of radio environment communication, and it is all relating to the selection problem of strategy in the middle of a lot of key technologies.So utilizing game theory must be feasible effective ways to cognitive radio analysis.
The key issue of relevant decision-making in the cognitive radio, for example spectrum allocation may problem, power control problem, call out permission problem etc., the core of research all is dependent adaptive Algorithm design and analysis.Can utilize game theory that these adaptive algorithms are analyzed, in analytic process, conclusion has been formulated wireless game Theory Analysis scheme thus, as shown in Figure 4, mainly confirms the problem of four aspects:
Algorithm has stable state;
What these stable states are;
These stable states are that we are needed;
Algorithmic statement also needs any constraints to stable state.
Do not have under the stable state at algorithm, can not analyze algorithm with game theory,
The embodiment of the invention utilizes game theory that the research of cognitive radio technology is analyzed, and key wherein is how game theory to be incorporated in the design and analysis of respective algorithms, finds the Nash Equilibrium point of algorithm.Therefore before utilizing the spectrum allocation may problem of game Theory Analysis cognitive radio, at first the problem of being studied is abstracted into the game theory problem model, can makes things convenient for us further to analyze like this.Spectrum allocation may problem in the cognitive radio is to be related to the game process that the different user spectrum policy is selected, and the distribution of frequency spectrum is equal to the distribution of channel here, and channel allocation can be modeled as the output of a game.
In this game process, the participant is a cognitive radio users, and their action strategy is the selection to transmission channel, and their effectiveness and selected channel quality interrelate.Channel quality information can be obtained through the measurement on different wireless frequencies by cognitive radio users.The spectrum allocation may algorithm here is a target with the total interference level of minimization system, if describe the suffered disturbed condition of user with signal interference ratio, can be expressed as about the signal interference ratio of transmitter i at receiver j:
Here pi is the transmitting power of transmitter i, and Gij is the link gain between transmitter i and the receiver j.I (k is to represent to be defined as follows by the jamming equation of node k to node j j):
Therefore; Make that the total interference level minimum of system promptly is that the suffered interference of each node users is minimum; And the interference on same frequency spectrum is mutual between the user; This has just met the characteristic that game theory studies a question; How to select suitable utility function; The correct allocation algorithm of utilization game theory theoretical method design is key issue of the present invention place.So allocation step of the present invention is exactly to confirm earlier design object to provide utility function then, obtains apportion model at last.
The selection of utility function is not unique, but must select to have physical significance for certain certain applications, and changes dressings and have some mathematical property, and in the present invention, selected utility function U1 guarantees that the spectrum allocation may algorithm can reach balanced convergence.
In the superincumbent definition, P={p1, p2 ..., pN} is the transmitting power set of N radio subscriber, S={s1, and s2 ..., sN} is a strategy set, f (sj si) is jamming equation:
The interference of utility function U1 except consider that a user receives on certain channel also has the interference that under current selection, self adjacent node is produced simultaneously.So utility function U1 is made up of two parts, a part is that other users that the user receives disturb Id on respective channel; Another part is the interference Io that the user produces on respective channel other users, then:
So the expression formula of utility function U1 also can be written as:
U1
i(s
i，s
-i)＝I
di(s
i，s
-i)+I
oi(s
i，s
-i)，
Wherein the value of Id measures at user's receiving terminal, and the value of Io can calculate at user's transmitting terminal.The design of the utility function U1 that the present invention adopts can reflect the general objective of the total interference level of minimization system, and is maximum as long as each user's value of utility reaches.
The present invention supposes that cognitive radio system uses technology such as OFDM, promptly is the distribution to communication channel to the distribution of frequency spectrum.Suppose that the sub-district has K frequency channels can be used for transmitting data, cognitive radio users quantity is N, K＜N.In addition, a Common Control Channel is used for the transmission of algorithm signaling packet, and the transmitting terminal of each node and receiving terminal all can be in same Common Control Channel transmission and reception information, and channel is not received the interference of pig user frequency.The present invention supposes that each node fixes; And each node is known the position of other nodes in the sub-district; And preserve a gain matrix GNXN; Wherein write down the gain link of the transmitting terminal of each node to other all node receiving terminals, link gain obtains according to the position calculation of each node in the sub-district.In addition, the transmitting terminal of each node, receiving terminal are all preserved a Channel Status Table (CST), are used to write down the situation that each data channel is taken by other communication nodes.
In order to make each user in the cognitive radio sub-district can calculate the value of the utility function U1 of self, must there be an initial condition in system to the distribution of channel, simultaneously, and each user's transmitting terminal the receiving terminal all gain matrix and the CST of saved system in the sub-district.An independent algorithm cycle in addition, relates to the transmission of signaling packet on the Common Control Channel, can produce conflict, so can only be accomplished a user's once strategy change if two users use simultaneously.The present invention decides with the mode of Bei Nuli experiment:
When a last algorithm end cycle, each user competes the chance of execution algorithm next time with identical Probability p a in the sub-district, wherein
Pa＝1/N
Promptly accomplishing probability is the Bei Nuli experiment of Pa, if success, then execution algorithm is calculated the utility function of each channel and selected data channel; If failure then continues to wait for chance next time.
Mentionedly among the present invention make the algorithm execution need node transmitting terminal and receiving terminal to transmit signaling, so the present invention has designed the signaling protocol based on 3 handshake mechanisms in Common Control Channel based on potential game theoretic utility function U1.The RTS-CTS packet switching protocol of it and IEEE 802.11 agreements is similar, several signaling data bags: START below wherein having stipulated, TART_CH, ACK_START_CH, END, ACK_END, table 1 pair various signaling data bags be used as introduction.
The function of each packet in table 1 signaling protocol
Because the transmission of signaling data bag is all carried out on Common Control Channel, other users just can intercept this channel, and the CST that accomplishes self upgrades.
Under the help of above signaling protocol, the reception and registration that each user of cognitive radio sub-district just can be undertaken by Common Control Channel is the implementation algorithm flow process, utilizes utility function to select corresponding data channel that condition is provided accurately and efficiently.Fig. 5 has provided based on the implementation flow chart based on frequency spectrum distributing method under the game theory in the embodiment of the invention, and the present invention comprises as follows the specific algorithm key step;
Step 1: the user under the radio plot carries out the Bei Nuli experiment that probability is Pa, if experimental result is 0, then continues to monitor Common Control Channel; If experimental result is 1, then get into step 2; Here experimental result is that 0 expression user does not obtain channel and communicates, if experimental result is 1 then shows that this user has obtained a communication channel;
Step 2: transmitting terminal sends the START packet, the interference value Io (this information has the numerical computations gained that is stored in CST and the gain matrix) that on all available channels, produces comprising this user who measures;
Step 3: after other user's receiving terminals are received the START packet, extract the Io interference value, calculate the interference value Id of current other users that measure to this user, and then calculate the U1 on each channel, the maximum channel of next getting the U1 value is as communication channel.If the user receives main user and disturbs, calculating selected channel is the employed channel of main user, then selects channel that the U1 value takes second place as communication channel.If the value of two channels is identical, then select one of them at random;
Step 4: receiving terminal deposits selected data channel in the START_CH packet in, passes to transmitting terminal by Common Control Channel;
Step 5: transmitting terminal sends the ACK_START_CH packet at control channel to be confirmed selected channel information, and beginning is at the selected data channel communication;
Step 6: other all users (comprising transmitting terminal and receiving terminal) upgrade the CST of self after receiving START_CH and ACK_START_CH packet.
The algorithm steps of more than listing of the present invention has been accomplished the adaptive channel allocation of each user of cognitive radio sub-district, and algorithm steps only relates to the change process (being the change of subscriber policy) of subscriber channel, does not comprise the process of data communication on the data channel.Function U 1 in the embodiment of the invention satisfies the requirement of potential game to utility function, can converge on the Nash Equilibrium of a pure strategy.。Through this mode of obtaining channel, carry out transfer of data thereby make user under the conscientious radio plot all obtain self more stable channel.
Accordingly; The spectrum allocation may system based under the game theory that Fig. 6 shows in the embodiment of the invention comprises the subscriber equipment under several cognitive radios; Here show 4 subscriber equipmenies; First subscriber equipment, second subscriber equipment, the 3rd subscriber equipment, four-function family equipment or the like; Wherein: the subscriber equipment here can utilize the Bei Nuli test to carry out the probability calculation of frequency spectrum resource, judges whether a communication channel in the frequency spectrum resource is own shared; If said communication channel is own shared, then calculates the interference value Io that oneself subscriber equipment produces on all available communication channels, and said interference value Io is sent to the subscriber equipment under the cognitive radio sub-district; After also can being used to receive the interference value Io of other subscriber equipmenies transmissions, the subscriber equipment of calculating except that this subscriber equipment calculates the utility function U1 on each channel in the frequency spectrum resource to the interference value Id of this subscriber equipment; Extract the communication channel of the high pairing communication channel of utility function value U1 value according to utility function U1 value result as this subscriber equipment.
Here suppose with first subscriber equipment to be that main subscriber equipment carries out probability calculation; It begins to have obtained a communication channel most and communicates; Then can calculate the interference value Io of first subscriber equipment, and interference value Io is sent on other subscriber equipmenies producing on all available channels.
Where the second user device, a third user device and the fourth user equipment by monitoring the common channel, using the received user equipment receives a first interference value Io, the second user device such as the device for calculating the other of the second user device interference values Id, spectrum resources in computing the utility function of each channel U1, U1 utility function according to the result value of the utility function of U1 extracting high value corresponding to the communication channel as a communication channel to the user, specifically, the second user device no interference by the first user device, the extraction utility function value corresponding to the maximum value U1 communication channel as a second user device communication channel; on the second user equipment by the first user equipment interference, the extraction of the value of the utility function U1 times the maximum value corresponding to the communication channel most second user device communication channel.If when the pairing utility function value of communication channel U1 is identical, with selecting a communication channel at random as the second user's communications channel.
Need to prove that the said utility function U1 expression formula here is:
Wherein: P={p1, p2 ..., pN} is the transmitting power set of N radio subscriber, S={s1, and s2 ..., sN} is a strategy set, f (sj si) is jamming equation:
Second subscriber equipment can send to all users under the cognitive radio sub-district through Common Control Channel with selected communication channel, such as first subscriber equipment, the 3rd subscriber equipment and four-function family equipment or the like; These subscriber equipmenies are confirmed the selected communication channel of receiving of second subscriber equipment, and are upgraded the Channel Status Table of self.So just accomplished a subscriber equipment to the affirmation of self channel and to the distribution of frequency spectrum resource.The 3rd subscriber equipment, four-function family equipment also are like this to the affirmation and the acquisition process of channel.
Accordingly, the embodiment of the invention also shows a kind of communication equipment, and this communication equipment obtains frequency spectrum resource based on cognitive radio environment through game theory, its structural representation as shown in Figure 7, it includes like lower unit:
First receiving element is used to receive the interference value Io of main user to producing on all available communication channels under the dried cognitive radio sub-district;
Processing unit is used for user outside the communication equipment to the interference value Id of said communication equipment, calculates the utility function U1 on each channel in the frequency spectrum resource;
The spectrum allocation may unit is used for extracting the high pairing communication channel of utility function value U1 value as the second user's communications channel according to utility function U1 value result.
Accordingly, this communication equipment also comprises:
The probability calculation unit is used to utilize the Bei Nuli test to carry out the probability calculation of frequency spectrum resource, judges whether a communication channel in the frequency spectrum resource is that communication equipment is shared;
The interference value computing unit is used to calculate the interference value Io that said communication equipment produces on all available communication channels;
First transmitting element is used for said interference value Io is sent to the user under the cognitive radio sub-district.
The communication equipment here also comprises:
Second transmitting element is used for selected communication channel is sent to all users under the cognitive radio sub-district through Common Control Channel; Perhaps
Second receiving element is used to receive user under the cognitive radio sub-district based on the affirmation information of the selected communication channel of Common Control Channel, and upgrades the Channel Status Table of self.
The cognitive radio intelligent radio that is otherwise known as; It with flexibly, intelligence, reconfigurable be notable feature; Through the perception external environment; And use artificial intelligence technology from environment, to learn; Some operating parameter of real time altering (such as through-put power, carrier frequency and modulation technique etc.) on purpose; Make its internal state adapt to the statistics variations of the wireless signal that receives, thereby realize any time, the high reliable communication in any place and heterogeneous network environment limited wireless frequency spectrum resource utilized efficiently.The core concept of cognitive radio is exactly the intelligence learning ability through frequency spectrum perception and system, realizes dynamic frequency spectrum deployment and frequency spectrum share.Through game theory is devices allocation correspondent frequency resource, solves the problem of Electro Magnetic Compatibility in the existing equipment environment, thereby makes the electromagnetic interference property minimizing of user's equipment room, more efficient use frequency spectrum resource.
More than to what the embodiment of the invention provided, carried out detailed introduction, used concrete example among this paper principle of the present invention and execution mode set forth, the explanation of above embodiment just is used for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof; Simultaneously, for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to thought of the present invention, the part that on embodiment and range of application, all can change, in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. one kind based on the frequency spectrum distributing method under the game theory, it is characterized in that, comprising:
First user under the cognitive radio sub-district utilizes the Bei Nuli test to carry out the probability calculation of frequency spectrum resource, judges whether a communication channel in the frequency spectrum resource is that first user is shared;
If said communication channel is that first user is shared, first user calculates the interference value Io that said first user produces on all available communication channels, and said interference value Io is sent to the user under the cognitive radio sub-district;
After second user's under the cognitive radio sub-district receiving terminal was received interference value Io, the user of calculating except that second user calculated the utility function U1 on each channel in the frequency spectrum resource to second user's interference value Id;
Second user extracts the high pairing communication channel of utility function value U1 value as the second user's communications channel according to utility function U1 value result.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, said second user extracts the high pairing channel of utility function value U1 value according to utility function U1 value result and also comprises as after the second user's communications channel:
Second user sends to all users under the cognitive radio sub-district with selected communication channel through Common Control Channel;
All users under the cognitive radio sub-district confirm the communication channel that second user who receives selectes, and upgrade the Channel Status Table of self.
3. method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, said second user extracts the high pairing communication channel of utility function value U1 value according to utility function U1 value result and comprises as the second user's communications channel:
When second user does not receive first user's interference, extract the maximum pairing communication channel of utility function value U1 value as the second user's communications channel;
When said user receives first user's interference, extract utility function value U1 and take second place in the pairing communication channel of the maximum second user's communications channel the most.
4. method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, said second user extracts the high pairing communication channel of utility function value U1 value according to utility function U1 value result and also comprises as the second user's communications channel:
When the pairing utility function value of communication channel U1 is identical, with selecting a communication channel at random as the second user's communications channel.
5. like each described method of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that said utility function U1 expression formula is:
Wherein: P={p1, p2 ..., pN} is the transmitting power set of N radio subscriber, S={s1, and s2 ..., sN} is a strategy set, f (sj si) is jamming equation:
6. a communication equipment is characterized in that, comprising:
First receiving element is used to receive the interference value Io of main user to producing on all available communication channels under the dried cognitive radio sub-district;
Processing unit is used for user outside the communication equipment to the interference value Id of said communication equipment, calculates the utility function U1 on each channel in the frequency spectrum resource;
The spectrum allocation may unit is used for extracting the high pairing communication channel of utility function value U1 value as the second user's communications channel according to utility function U1 value result.
7. communication equipment as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, said communication equipment also comprises:
The probability calculation unit is used to utilize the Bei Nuli test to carry out the probability calculation of frequency spectrum resource, judges whether a communication channel in the frequency spectrum resource is that communication equipment is shared;
The interference value computing unit is used to calculate the interference value Io that said communication equipment produces on all available communication channels;
First transmitting element is used for said interference value Io is sent to the user under the cognitive radio sub-district.
8. communication equipment as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, said communication equipment also comprises:
Second transmitting element is used for selected communication channel is sent to all users under the cognitive radio sub-district through Common Control Channel; Perhaps
Second receiving element is used to receive user under the cognitive radio sub-district based on the affirmation information of the selected communication channel of Common Control Channel, and upgrades the Channel Status Table of self.
9. one kind based on the spectrum allocation may system under the game theory, it is characterized in that, comprises plural at least subscriber equipment, wherein:
First subscriber equipment is used to utilize the Bei Nuli test to carry out the probability calculation of frequency spectrum resource, judges whether a communication channel in the frequency spectrum resource is own shared; If said communication channel is own shared, then calculates the interference value Io that said first subscriber equipment produces on all available communication channels, and said interference value Io is sent to the subscriber equipment under the cognitive radio sub-district;
After second subscriber equipment was used to receive the interference value Io of first subscriber equipment transmission, the subscriber equipment of calculating except that second subscriber equipment calculated the utility function U1 on each channel in the frequency spectrum resource to the interference value Id of second subscriber equipment; Extract the communication channel of the high pairing communication channel of utility function value U1 value according to utility function U1 value result as second subscriber equipment.
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