CN102307273A - Digital proofing quality evaluation method based on visual inspection, International color consortium (ICC) standard and custom standard - Google Patents
Digital proofing quality evaluation method based on visual inspection, International color consortium (ICC) standard and custom standard Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a digital proofing quality evaluation method, in particular to a digital proofing quality evaluation method based on visual inspection, an International color consortium (ICC) standard and a custom standard. In the method, parameters, namely the average chromatic aberration of all color lumps, the maximum chromatic aberration of all the color lumps, the onsite chromatic aberration of a cyan lump, the onsite chromatic aberration of a pinkish red lump, the onsite chromatic aberration of a yellow lump, the onsite chromatic aberration of a black lump, the white chromatic aberration of paper, the average chromatic aberration of gray scale, the maximum chromatic aberration of the gray scale and the chromatic aberration peak value of 95 percent of color lumps, are taken as chromatic aberration evaluation standards; therefore, the digital proofing quality evaluation method has the advantages that: by synthesizing a subjective evaluation method and an objective evaluation method and supplying the ICC standard and the custom standard and adding custom color lumps into a standard control strip, the digital proofing quality can be evaluated more quickly, precisely and comprehensively.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a digital proofing quality evaluation method, in particular to a digital proofing quality evaluation method integrating visual inspection, ICC standard and custom standard.
Background
With the wide application of the digital work flow and the popularization of CTP, digital proofing becomes an important link of printing production more and more, and how to evaluate whether the proofing quality is qualified becomes more and more important.
The traditional digital proofing quality evaluation method comprises a subjective evaluation method and an objective evaluation method.
1) Subjective evaluation method. The method is to carry out direct visual inspection and comparison on the sample sheet according to the requirements of the printing original and the copying quality, and evaluate whether the sample sheet is good or good, common, poor and the like according to experience of an observer. The subjective evaluation method has the advantages that the evaluation result is relative, the subjective feeling of the appearance is emphasized, the subjective evaluation method is easily influenced by psychological factors and objective items such as the learning, experience, hobbies and mood of an observer, the preparation performance is poor, and the stability is low, so that the subjective evaluation method has many defects;
2) objective evaluation method. The method mainly uses an authoritative quality standard in the printing and copying industry as a basis, adopts a relevant measuring instrument to analyze and evaluate physical characteristics of the sample sheet such as color and the like, authenticates various parameters of a sampling process, and finally carries out quantitative evaluation on the quality of the sample sheet. These authoritative quality standards are stored in the form of ICC profiles, which are referred to herein as ICC standards. The method has the advantages of good stability, specific and definite analysis content and relatively high accuracy. The defects of complex measurement data, various instruments, long measurement time and no contribution to improving the production efficiency. In addition, a printing factory may use a printing standard suitable for its own characteristics instead of using the ICC standard, and thus the conventional objective evaluation method has a limitation in practical production applications.
Since a series of Color management standards are established by ICC (International Color Consortium ) in 1993, digital proofing is rapidly popularized and applied as a brand-new, high-quality and high-efficiency working mode, organizations such as Ugra/FOGRA and IDEAlliance are successively engaged in research on digital proofing Color quality evaluation, and a series of digital proofing Color quality monitoring tools are developed. At present, Digital proofing quality evaluation measuring and controlling strips applied in actual production comprise Ugra/FOGRA Media Wedge measuring and controlling strips and IDEAlliance ISO12647-7 Digital Control Strip measuring and controlling strips, and are mainly used for checking the chrominance readiness of Digital proofing sheets and the color conversion accuracy of printing sheets and proofing sheets. The color blocks of the measuring and controlling strips consist of yellow, magenta, cyan, red, green, blue, black and three-color gray balance color blocks and three-color overprint color blocks, but the measuring and controlling strips can not cover all colors, and have certain limitation in actual production because the sampling effect of the color blocks of the measuring and controlling strips can meet the requirement, but the situation that other colors can not be accurately simulated can occur.
Generally, the accuracy of reduction is about 95%, the color difference is less than 6.0, and the average color difference is less than 3.5 when judging whether the sample sheet is qualified. The method has the limitations in the practical production and application process, firstly, the number of color blocks of the measurement and control strip is limited, and generally only 20-60 color blocks exist, and at the moment, the reduction accuracy of 95% cannot be guaranteed, and the colors except the measurement and control strip can also be accurately reduced; secondly, only ensuring that the average color difference is less than 3.5 cannot ensure the quality of the sample sheet, because the quality of the sample sheet is also influenced by other factors, such as neutral gray balance and partial memory color, other standards, such as a neutral gray block and the color difference of other solid color blocks, must be set to judge whether the quality of the sample sheet is qualified.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the problems that the number of color blocks of a measurement and control strip is limited in the prior art, and generally only 20-60 color blocks exist, and the reduction accuracy of 95% cannot be guaranteed at the moment; in addition, the quality of the sample cannot be guaranteed only by ensuring that the average color difference is less than 3.5, because the quality of the sample is influenced by other factors, such as neutral gray balance, partial memory color and the like; the digital proofing quality evaluation method integrating the visual inspection, the ICC standard and the custom standard can evaluate the digital proofing quality more quickly, accurately and comprehensively by providing an integrated subjective evaluation method and an objective evaluation method, selecting the ICC standard and the custom standard and adding the custom color block into a standard measurement and control strip.
The technical problem of the invention is mainly solved by the following technical scheme:
a digital proofing quality evaluation method integrating visual measurement, ICC standard and custom standard is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, manufacturing a digital proofing measurement and control strip;
step 2, setting standard parameters of digital proofing quality evaluation, including average color difference of color blocks and maximum color blocks
Color difference, cyan solid color difference, magenta solid color difference, yellow solid color difference, black solid color difference, paper white color difference, gray average color difference, gray maximum color difference, and 95% color block color difference peak value;
step 3, carrying out digital proofing in a mode of adding a measurement and control strip;
step 4, carrying out visual inspection on the digital sampling sample sheet, if the digital sampling sample sheet meets the evaluation standard parameters in the step 2, carrying out color difference evaluation, otherwise, checking errors and repeating the step 3;
and 5, performing color difference evaluation on the digital proofing sample sheet after the step 4 is completed, and outputting evaluation data by using the data.
In the above digital proofing quality evaluation method integrating visual inspection, ICC standard and custom standard, in step 1, the specific operation method for manufacturing the digital proofing measurement and control strip is to add a custom color block on the digital proofing measurement and control strip for controlling the color of the digital proofing which is often inaccurate in proofing; and adding spot color blocks on the measurement and control strips if the spot color exists in the sample sheets.
In the above digital proofing quality evaluation method integrating visual inspection, ICC standard and custom standard, in step 5, the color difference evaluation method randomly selects and executes spectrophotometer measurement based on ICC standard or custom standard, and then performs color difference calculation.
In the digital proofing quality evaluation method integrating visual inspection, ICC standard and custom standard, if the color difference evaluation method adopts ICC standard, the standard colorimetric value of the color block is directly obtained from ICC file of the printing machine through CMYK value of the color block; and if the custom standard is used, directly obtaining the standard colorimetric value of the color block of the measuring and controlling strip from the selected custom standard.
In the digital proofing quality evaluation method integrating visual inspection, ICC standard and custom standard, if the chromatic aberration evaluation method adopts a spectrophotometer based on ICC standard to measure the colorimetric value of the sample sheet test control strip color block, the operation steps are as follows:
A. setting of light source and viewing angle conditions of spectrophotometer: setting a light source of a spectrophotometer to be D50, and setting a visual angle to be a 2-degree visual angle;
B. and measuring the color block of the specimen measurement and control strip by using a spectrophotometer, and storing the data after the measurement is finished.
In the digital proofing quality evaluation method integrating visual inspection, ICC standard and custom standard, if the color difference evaluation method adopts a spectrophotometer based on the custom standard to measure the chroma value of the sample sheet test control strip color block, the operation steps are as follows:
A. setting of light source/viewing angle conditions of spectrophotometer: setting a light source of a spectrophotometer to be D50, and setting a visual angle to be a 2-degree visual angle;
B. and measuring the color block of the specimen measurement and control strip by using a spectrophotometer, and storing the data after the measurement is finished.
In the above digital proofing quality evaluation method integrating visual inspection, ICC standard and custom standard, the specific operation of calculating the chromatic aberration is as follows: and calculating the average color difference of all color blocks, the maximum color difference of all color blocks, the solid color difference of cyan, the solid color difference of magenta, the solid color difference of yellow, the solid color difference of black, the white color difference of paper, the average color difference of gray scale, the maximum color difference of gray scale and the color difference peak value of 95 percent of the color blocks, comparing the color difference values with a set evaluation standard, judging that the sample sheet is qualified when all parameters meet the requirements of the evaluation standard, and otherwise, judging that the sample sheet is unqualified.
Therefore, the invention has the following advantages: the subjective evaluation method and the objective evaluation method are integrated, the ICC standard and the custom standard are selected, and the custom color block is added into the standard measurement and control strip, so that the digital proofing quality can be evaluated more quickly, accurately and comprehensively.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the operation of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further specifically described by the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Example (b):
firstly, the theoretical basis of the invention is introduced:
1. conditions for visual observation
The lighting conditions are first determined by visual inspection. Generally, the method is carried out under a colorimetric box or a standard light source, and the inner wall of the colorimetric box is black; standard light sources are typically D50 or D65; also of note is the effect of ambient light, which should be matte or neutral in color; during the observation, the other illumination sources should be turned off, and the neutral color should be looked at first to adapt our visual system, after 60 seconds, the sample should be looked at. In addition, the boundary of the printing sample and the sample sheet should be kept flat and placed in contact for observation.
2. Test and control strip
The proofing test and control strip consists of solid color blocks, different dot color blocks and signal elements for visual detection, and has more types. The Digital proofing quality evaluation test strips applied in actual production at present comprise Ugra/FOGRA Media Wedge test strips and IDEAlliance ISO12647-7 Digital Control Strip test strips.
The general measurement and control strip comprises the following elements: C. m, Y, K solid color block (detecting the proofing effect of the solid color block); r, G, B overprinting color blocks in the field (detecting overprint color proofing effect); neutral gray blocks (test for cast color cast).
In order to meet the requirement of actual proofing, the invention provides that a custom color block is added on the traditional proofing measurement and control strip, and if the sample sheet has a spot color, the spot color block can be added on the measurement and control strip.
3. Formula of chromatic aberration
In the present specification, the color difference of the color block is calculated by using the CIE 1976L a b color difference formula, however, it should be clear to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited thereto, and other color block formulas are also applicable, such as the ANLAB color difference formula, the CIE DE 2000 color difference formula, etc.
CIE 1976L a b color difference formula:
wherein,
indicating the depth difference between the proof and the standard,
、
，
and
the change in position of the sample and standards on the a x b plane is indicated.
In the present invention, in the case of the present invention,
、
、
the ICC profile of the printing machine can be obtained according to actual production requirements, and can also be obtained from a printing factory custom standard.
4. Objective evaluation criterion
Objective evaluation criteria are generally measured using color difference, which does not represent absolute visual difference, but has been practiced as an industry standard for long-term testing.
The color difference versus visual perception is as follows:
 |
hardly any color difference is perceived |
 |
Has little color difference |
 |
Feeling of color difference is moderate |
 |
Obvious feeling of chromatic aberration |
 |
The feeling of chromatic aberration is strong |
 |
Two color blocks are distinct |
The evaluation criteria proposed by the present invention include: average color difference of all color blocks, maximum color difference of all color blocks, solid color difference of cyan, solid color difference of magenta, solid color difference of yellow, solid color difference of black, white color difference of paper, average color difference of gray scale, maximum color difference of gray scale, and color difference peak value of 95% color block. And judging that the quality of the sampled sheet is qualified only when all the parameters meet the requirements.
The invention refers to ISO12647-7, IDEAlliance color difference range for color quality control, combines the actual printing production need, gives the color difference control standard, as the following table:
| serial number | Control color block | ISO12647-7 requirement | IDEAlliance requirements | Reference standard of the invention |
| 1 | Average color difference of all color blocks | ≤3 | ≤3 | ≤3 |
| 2 | Maximum color difference of all color blocks | ≤6 | ≤6 | ≤6 |
| 3 | Cyan solid color lump color difference | ≤5 | ≤5 | ≤5 |
| 4 | Magenta solid color lump color difference | ≤5 | ≤5 | ≤5 |
| 5 | Color difference of yellow solid color block | ≤5 | ≤5 | ≤5 |
| 6 | Color difference of black solid color block | ≤5 | ≤5 | ≤5 |
| 7 | Color difference of white color of paper | ≤3 | ≤6 | ≤5 |
| 8 | Mean color difference of gray scale | Is free of | Is free of | ≤3 |
| 9 | Maximum color difference of gray scale | Is free of | Is free of | ≤6 |
| 10 | 95% color block color difference peak | Is free of | Is free of | ≤5 |
And under the control of the table, the sample sheet meeting the requirement is the qualified sample sheet. It should be noted that the above standards are flexible and can be adjusted according to the printing environment and the requirements of the customer during the actual application process.
The following are specific embodiments of the present invention:
a digital proofing quality evaluation method integrating visual measurement, ICC standard and custom standard comprises the following steps:
step 1, manufacturing a digital proofing measurement and control strip; the specific operation method for manufacturing the digital proofing measurement and control strip is to add a self-defined color block on the digital proofing measurement and control strip for controlling the color of the digital proofing which is often inaccurate; and adding spot color blocks on the measurement and control strips if the spot color exists in the sample sheets. On the basis of the traditional digital proofing measurement and control strip, a user-defined color block is added for controlling the color of the digital proofing which is often inaccurate, and if the sample sheet has a spot color, the measurement and control strip can also be added with a spot color block. For example, color blocks to be detected are added based on Ugra/FOGRA Media Wedge strips and IDEAlliance ISO12647-7 Digital Control Strip.
Step 2, setting standard parameters for evaluating the digital proofing quality, wherein the standard parameters comprise average color difference of color blocks, maximum color difference of all color blocks, solid color difference of cyan, solid color difference of magenta, solid color difference of yellow, solid color difference of black, white color difference of paper, average color difference of gray scale, maximum color difference of gray scale and color difference peak value of 95 percent of color blocks;
step 3, carrying out digital proofing in a mode of adding a measurement and control strip;
step 4, carrying out visual inspection on the digital sampling sample sheet, if the digital sampling sample sheet meets the evaluation standard parameters in the step 2, carrying out color difference evaluation, otherwise, checking errors and repeating the step 3; for visual inspection, attention should be paid to the light source condition and the observation condition.
The visual observation is mainly to observe the color reproduction capability of the digital proofing through the eye observation, and comprises the tone range of images, lines and characters, the density or chroma of solid or saturated colors, gray balance, the reducibility of gradation curves (comprising bright tones, middle tones, dark tone gradation reproduction and dot gain reproduction), exquisite texture and the like.
The color difference evaluation method randomly selects and executes the measurement of a spectrophotometer based on an ICC standard or a custom standard, and then performs color difference calculation; if the color difference evaluation method adopts an ICC standard, directly acquiring a standard colorimetric value of a color block from an ICC file of a printing machine through CMYK values of the color block; and if the custom standard is used, directly obtaining the standard colorimetric value of the color block of the measuring and controlling strip from the selected custom standard.
If the chromatic aberration evaluation method adopts a spectrophotometer based on ICC standard to measure the chromatic value of the color block of the sample sheet measurement and control strip, the operation steps are as follows:
A. setting of light source and viewing angle conditions of spectrophotometer: setting a light source of a spectrophotometer to be D50, and setting a visual angle to be a 2-degree visual angle;
B. and measuring the color block of the specimen measurement and control strip by using a spectrophotometer, and storing the data after the measurement is finished.
If the color difference evaluation method adopts a spectrophotometer based on the user-defined standard to measure the colorimetric value of the color block of the sample sheet test control strip, the operation steps are as follows:
A. setting of light source/viewing angle conditions of spectrophotometer: setting a light source of a spectrophotometer to be D50, and setting a visual angle to be a 2-degree visual angle;
B. and measuring the color block of the specimen measurement and control strip by using a spectrophotometer, and storing the data after the measurement is finished.
When measuring the chroma values of the color patches, the following problems should be noted:
a) setting of light source/viewing angle conditions of the spectrophotometer. Because the same spectrophotometer uses different light sources or different viewing angle conditions, the resulting chromaticity values are different. The light source of the color block standard colorimetric value taken from the ICC standard is D50, and the visual angle is 2 degrees; for the custom standard, a standard light source and a viewing angle condition are required to be specified.
b) And (4) maintenance of the spectrophotometer. As the number of uses of the instrument increases, the performance of the spectrophotometer may be reduced or even rendered completely unusable, and the instrument must be inspected during use to ensure that the instrument is properly used.
The problem of inter-stage difference. Different models of measuring instruments have different light splitting principles, so that the chromaticity values of the same color may be greatly different.
The specific operation of calculating the chromatic aberration is as follows: and calculating the average color difference of all color blocks, the maximum color difference of all color blocks, the solid color difference of cyan, the solid color difference of magenta, the solid color difference of yellow, the solid color difference of black, the white color difference of paper, the average color difference of gray scale, the maximum color difference of gray scale and the color difference peak value of 95 percent of the color blocks, comparing the color difference values with a set evaluation standard, judging that the sample sheet is qualified when all parameters meet the requirements of the evaluation standard, and otherwise, judging that the sample sheet is unqualified.
And 5, performing color difference evaluation on the digital proofing sample sheet after the step 4 is completed, and outputting evaluation data by using the data.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A digital proofing quality evaluation method integrating visual measurement, ICC standard and custom standard is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, manufacturing a digital proofing measurement and control strip;
step 2, setting standard parameters of digital proofing quality evaluation, including average color difference of color blocks and maximum color blocks
Color difference, cyan solid color difference, magenta solid color difference, yellow solid color difference, black solid color difference, paper white color difference, gray average color difference, gray maximum color difference, and 95% color block color difference peak value;
step 3, carrying out digital proofing in a mode of adding a measurement and control strip;
step 4, carrying out visual inspection on the digital sampling sample sheet, if the digital sampling sample sheet meets the evaluation standard parameters in the step 2, carrying out color difference evaluation, otherwise, checking errors and repeating the step 3;
and 5, performing color difference evaluation on the digital proofing sample sheet after the step 4 is completed, and outputting evaluation data by using the data.
2. The digital proofing quality evaluation method integrating visual inspection, ICC standard and custom standard according to claim 1, wherein in step 1, the specific operation method for manufacturing the digital proofing measurement and control strip is to add a custom color block on the digital proofing measurement and control strip for controlling the color inaccuracy of frequent proofing during digital proofing; and adding spot color blocks on the measurement and control strips if the spot color exists in the sample sheets.
3. The digital proofing quality evaluation method combining visual observation, ICC standard and custom standard according to claim 1, wherein in step 5, the color difference evaluation method randomly selects and performs the spectrophotometer measurement based on the ICC standard or custom standard, and then performs the color difference calculation.
4. The digital proofing quality evaluation method integrating visual inspection, ICC standard and custom standard according to claim 3, wherein if the color difference evaluation method adopts ICC standard, the standard colorimetric value of the color block is directly obtained from ICC file of the printing machine through CMYK value of the color block; and if the custom standard is used, directly obtaining the standard colorimetric value of the color block of the measuring and controlling strip from the selected custom standard.
5. The digital proofing quality evaluation method integrating visual inspection, ICC standard and custom standard according to claim 3, wherein if the color difference evaluation method adopts a spectrophotometer based on ICC standard to measure the chroma value of the color block of the proof test strip, the operation steps are as follows:
A. setting of light source and viewing angle conditions of spectrophotometer: setting a light source of a spectrophotometer to be D50, and setting a visual angle to be a 2-degree visual angle;
B. and measuring the color block of the specimen measurement and control strip by using a spectrophotometer, and storing the data after the measurement is finished.
6. The digital proofing quality evaluation method integrating visual inspection, ICC standard and custom standard according to claim 3, wherein if the color difference evaluation method uses a spectrophotometer based on custom standard to measure the chroma value of the color block of the proof test strip, the operation steps are as follows:
A. setting of light source/viewing angle conditions of spectrophotometer: setting a light source of a spectrophotometer to be D50, and setting a visual angle to be a 2-degree visual angle;
B. and measuring the color block of the specimen measurement and control strip by using a spectrophotometer, and storing the data after the measurement is finished.
7. The digital proofing quality evaluation method integrating visual inspection, ICC standard and custom standard according to claim 3, wherein the specific operation of calculating color difference is as follows: and calculating the average color difference of all color blocks, the maximum color difference of all color blocks, the solid color difference of cyan, the solid color difference of magenta, the solid color difference of yellow, the solid color difference of black, the white color difference of paper, the average color difference of gray scale, the maximum color difference of gray scale and the color difference peak value of 95 percent of the color blocks, comparing the color difference values with a set evaluation standard, judging that the sample sheet is qualified when all parameters meet the requirements of the evaluation standard, and otherwise, judging that the sample sheet is unqualified.
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