CN102307020A - Phase shift soft switch high frequency isolation photovoltaic grid-connected inverter - Google Patents
Phase shift soft switch high frequency isolation photovoltaic grid-connected inverter Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a phase shift soft switch high frequency isolation photovoltaic grid-connected inverter which comprises a main circuit, a DSP control circuit, an ARM control circuit, and an auxiliary switch power supply circuit. The invention firstly provides a full digitalization control photovoltaic grid-connected generating system, wherein a high frequency full bridge phase shift circuit combined with a high and low frequency full bridge inverter circuit is main circuit structure, and high speed embedded digital signal processor DSPTMS320F2808 is a core. Maximal power point tracking of solar cell panel output power and isolation of photovoltaic direct current and electrical network alternating current are realized, software realizes phase-locked loop control, perfect grid-connected and islanding protection functions are provided, and the whole system can operate safely and reliably.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the parallel network power generation technical field, particularly relate to solar photovoltaic interconnected inverter.
Background technology
The energy is the necessary important substance of the national economic development and people's lives basis, also is to promote the power that society, economic development and people's living standard improve.Today, energy problem has risen to the research emphasis with strategic importance of a country.Along with the industrialized development in an all-round way in the whole world, each national industry-by-industry sharply enlarges demands for energy, energy demand what oneself through becoming the standard of weighing a country economic development situation.
To above situation, development and use regenerative resource and various green energy resource are to realize that sustainable development has become the measure that human society must be taked.According to present actual development and development in future speed, the brainstrust prediction is to the year two thousand fifty; The ratio that regenerative resource accounts for total primary energy is about 54%; Wherein the ratio of solar energy in primary energy is about 13%-15%, and by 2100, regenerative resource will account for 86%; Solar energy accounts for 67%, and wherein solar power generation accounts for 64%.
Regenerative resource mainly contains water ability, solar energy, wind energy, geothermal energy, biomass energy equal energy source form; Its maximum characteristics are to have the self-recovery ability; People in use; The renewable energy resources can be replenished from occurring in nature continuously, and it is the inexhaustible energy.Water can be present most widely used regenerative resource, but it receives the influence of geographical conditions, synoptic climate very big, and utilization is limited in scope.
Through scholar's research and demonstration, people generally believe that solar energy and wind energy are the effective and the most feasible ability Source Types that solves energy crisis and environmental pollution, are 21 century most important ability Source Types.Especially the application of solar energy and photovoltaic generation thereof more and more receives people's attention with its unique advantage:
(1) solar energy is inexhaustible, and is renewable;
(2) the Application of Solar Energy region is extensive;
(3) the solar energy cleaning is pollution-free;
(4) solar power generation does not have moving component, and is not fragile, safeguards simple.
Therefore; Solar energy power generating become rapidly universally recognized effective utilization in the world wide new forms of energy have one of mode of development prospect most; Also be one of following important additional generation mode, and finally might be by the role who replenishes the energy to the alternative energy source transition.
At present, in the photovoltaic generating system, the photovoltaic array electricity can be direct current energy, however many need of load AC energies such as transformer and motor etc.DC power-supply system has significant limitation, is not easy to voltage of transformation, and the load applications scope is also limited.Except that special power load, all need use inverter that direct current is transformed to alternating current.The function of inverter is to convert direct current into alternating current, is the switching process of " reverse ", therefore is called " inversion ".The improvement of inverter performance is for the efficient, the reliability that improve system, improve system life-span, reduce cost most important.Photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is divided into isolated and non-isolated two types according to having or not to isolate, and wherein isolated combining inverter is divided into Industrial Frequency Transformer isolation method and high frequency transformer isolation method again.The Industrial Frequency Transformer isolated form is a single step arrangement, good stability, and electrical isolation, no DC component, but its volume is big, and comparatively heavy, and the Industrial Frequency Transformer cost is high, and loss is big.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the shortcoming and defect of prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of phase-shift soft switch high-frequency isolation type photovoltaic combining inverter, and the high-frequency isolation type grid-connected inverter volume is little, and is in light weight, and efficient is high, has electrical isolation; The less shortcoming of soft switching voltage input range to general high-frequency isolation type inverter; The present invention proposes to adjust according to the scope of input voltage the high-frequency isolation type inverter of transformer turn ratio; The input of four different numbers of turn is told on the former limit of high-frequency isolation type transformer, with any two incoming lines on the former limit of two relay control transformers and the connection of full-bridge circuit, thereby has changed the turn ratio of transformer; Realize the voltage input of wide region, improved efficient and reduced loss.
The technical scheme that the present invention adopted is: a kind of phase-shift soft switch high-frequency isolation type photovoltaic combining inverter is made up of main circuit, DSP control circuit, ARM control circuit, auxiliary switching power supply; Main circuit is connected with DSP control circuit, auxiliary switching power supply respectively, and the DSP control circuit is connected through the SPI interface with the ARM control circuit; Wherein
---main circuit is made up of the EMI filtration module that connects in order, phase-shift soft switch high-frequency isolation module, low-and high-frequency full-bridge inverting module, output filtration module;
Phase-shift soft switch high-frequency isolation module is made up of the high frequency full-bridge phase shifting module, relay, high frequency transformer, the rectification filtering module that connect in order;
---the DSP control circuit is made up of dsp controller, photovoltaic sampling module, the sampling module that is incorporated into the power networks, protection module;
The interface assignment of dsp controller is following:
The A/D interface is connected with photovoltaic sampling module, the sampling module that is incorporated into the power networks respectively;
The ePWM module output signal drives high frequency full-bridge phase shifting module, low-and high-frequency full-bridge inverting module respectively;
GPIO gathers the protection module signal, sends signal to relay;
ECAP is connected with the sampling module that is incorporated into the power networks;
---the ARM control circuit is made up of ARM controller, LCD display module, communication module, memory module, ethernet module;
The interface assignment of ARM controller is following:
The SCI module is connected with communication module;
The Ethernet module is connected with ethernet module;
I
2C is connected with memory module;
GPIO is connected with the LCD display module;
---auxiliary switching power supply is made up of the transformer of fixed frequency current mode controller and many windings.
Described high frequency full-bridge phase shifting module is as switch element by MOSFET.
Brachium pontis adopts IGBT as switch element on the described low-and high-frequency control full-bridge inverting module two; Twice brachium pontis adopts MOSFET as switch element.
The IGBT of described low-and high-frequency control full-bridge inverting module adopts the pwm signal of 50Hz to control, and MOSFET adopts the SPWM signal of 20kHz to control.
Described photovoltaic sampling module comprises photovoltaic cell current sample module, photovoltaic cell voltage sample module.
The photovoltaic sampling module is gathered the electric current of photovoltaic cell output and the A/D interface that voltage signal is delivered to DSP: photovoltaic cell current sample module detects output current by current transformer; Obtain sampled signal, through delivering to the A/D ALT-CH alternate channel of dsp controller after filtering, amplifier, the isolation of light lotus root, dividing potential drop and the pressure limiting; Photovoltaic cell voltage sample module is taken a sample to the input terminal voltage of high frequency full-bridge phase shifting module, and signal is given dsp controller AD ALT-CH alternate channel through filtering, amplifier, the isolation of light lotus root, dividing potential drop and pressure limiting.
The described sampling module that is incorporated into the power networks comprises that grid-connected current sampling feedback module, the voltage sample that is incorporated into the power networks detect feedback module, the frequency sampling detection module is incorporated into the power networks.
The current signal of grid-connected current sampling feedback module collection electrical network is delivered to the A/D interface of DSP: detect alternating current by Hall current sensor, through delivering to the A/D ALT-CH alternate channel of dsp controller after filtering, dividing potential drop, level deviation, amplifier and the pressure limiting;
The voltage sample that is incorporated into the power networks detects feedback module and gathers the A/D interface that the voltage signal of electrical network is delivered to DSP: by Hall voltage sensor alternating voltage; The voltage signal that detection obtains is on the one hand by the A/D ALT-CH alternate channel of delivering to dsp controller after filtering, dividing potential drop, level deviation, amplifier and the pressure limiting; Process zero-crossing comparator and Schmidt trigger 74HC14 get into the A/D interrupting channel of dsp controller on the other hand; Voltage over zero is detected; Add software phase-lock loop control, can realize that the alternating current of photovoltaic system output and electrical network are electric with the frequency homophase.
The frequency signal of the frequency sampling detection module that is incorporated into the power networks collection electrical network is delivered to the ECAP interface of DSP.
Described protection module comprises drive protecting module, over-and under-voltage protection module, overtemperature protection module, island effect protection module, overcurrent protection module.
The drive protecting module has two groups; One group of high frequency drive unit that is made up of IR2113S and peripheral circuit drives the MOSFET of high frequency full-bridge phase shifting module, and the high frequency drive unit that another group is made up of IR2113S and peripheral circuit drives the MOSFET and the IGBT of low-and high-frequency full-bridge phase shifting module.
The over-and under-voltage module is by bleeder circuit, comparison circuit, and optocoupler constitutes, and the input terminal voltage of respectively input terminal voltage of high frequency full-bridge phase shifting module and height being spread the full-bridge inverting module detects.When the voltage of photovoltaic cell was excessive or too small, comparator level produced saltus step, and the IRS2113S of on-off switching tube drive protecting module stops output pwm signal, thereby reaches the effect of protection switch pipe; Too high or too low when the input terminal voltage of low-and high-frequency full-bridge inverting module, comparator level produces saltus step, turn-offs the IRS2113S of drive protecting module, stops to export the SPWM signal, thereby reaches the effect of protection IGBT.
The overtemperature protection module is made up of temperature-sensitive element, bleeder circuit, comparison circuit, optocoupler, and the working temperature to the switch element of high frequency full-bridge phase shifting module and low-and high-frequency full-bridge inverting module detects respectively; When the switching device temperature too high; The voltage signal that is produced by temperature-sensitive element makes the comparator output level produce saltus step through after comparing with the magnitude of voltage of setting; After light-coupled isolation, send the IR2113S of interrupt signal to the drive protecting module to the GPIO of DSP interface; Stop output drive signal, thereby reach the effect of protection switch device.
The island effect protection module detects the island effect of electrical network.
Overcurrent protection module is made up of bleeder circuit, voltage follower circuit, comparison circuit, and the electric current that flows through IGBT and MOSFET in the low-and high-frequency full-bridge inverting module is detected.When the electric current that flows through IGBT and MOSFET was too high, comparator level produced saltus step, after light-coupled isolation, sent the IR2113S of interrupt signal to the drive protecting module to the GPIO of DSP interface, stopped to export SPWM, thereby reached the effect of protection switch device.
The communication module of described ARM control circuit comprises bluetooth module, RS232 module and RS485 module.The photovoltaic combining inverter that bluetooth communication is used for being developed and the wireless telecommunications of exterior PC equipment; The RS232 module is used for closely, and data read; The RS485 communication is used for remote data and reads.
The storage module of described ARM control circuit comprises EEPROM module and RTC module.The EEPROM module is used to preserve the generating historical record and the running status of photovoltaic combining inverter, and the RTC module is that photovoltaic combining inverter provides time reference.
Described island effect protection module adopts the active frequency drift method of periodic perturbation band positive feedback to realize the island detection protection of being incorporated into the power networks.The basic thought of the active frequency drift method of periodic perturbation band positive feedback is through giving the disturbance of control signal one-period property, detecting the variation of inverter output current frequency.Under normal circumstances, because of the huge balanced action of electrical network, disturbance is little to the influence of output current frequency; But when isolated island takes place; System can detect this variation, and increases disturbance quantity power frequency is further departed from, and departs from the condition of being incorporated into the power networks that exceeds up to this.Control circuit in time cuts out the power relay that connects inverter output end, thereby has cut off electric current output.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage and beneficial effect:
(1) the present invention has realized totally digitilized photovoltaic inversion control, directly produces PWM and SPWM signal through DSP TMS320F2808, realizes that through software MPPT maximum power point tracking and island effect detect processing, make photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter have better consistency; ARM chip LM3S8962 control communication display module makes system have good man-machine display interface, and has multiple communication functions such as RS232, RS485, bluetooth, Ethernet;
(2) the present invention adopts high frequency phase-shift soft switch full-bridge circuit, is realizing reducing the volume and the weight of hardware greatly when photovoltaic DC electricity and grid alternating current are isolated, and is realizing the direct voltage input of wide region; Adopt SPWM low-and high-frequency control full-bridge inverting to realize the alternating current output of DC/AC, inverter circuit combines IGBT in the advantage separately of MOSFET, lets system power dissipation further reduce; The photovoltaic combining inverter of this Two Stages reconfiguration structure has higher running efficiency, is representing cutting edge technology in the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter field;
(3) the present invention introduces the waveform feedback in the DC-AC inversion, not only greatly reduces harmonic wave, improves power factor, and can requirement of real time, improves dynamic performance;
(4) the present invention adopts the digital phase-locked loop technology synchronously; Current reference value, the output current feedback of giving chapter and verse; The algorithm of parameters such as line voltage control grid-connected current; High than traditional detection line voltage zero crossing simultaneous techniques precision, antijamming capability is strong and do not have hysteresis, has strengthened the reliability of system;
(5) a kind of design of novelty has been proposed in the design of drive circuit of the present invention: control signal is amplified and isolated realizing, possess real-time monitoring and troubleshooting function simultaneously to the IGBT operating state.Experimental result shows that drive circuit can cut off control signal, protection system stable operation effectively when disorder of IGBT gate electrode drive signals or generation IGBT overcurrent when accomplishing control signal isolation amplification.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the solar energy grid-connected photovoltaic system structured flowchart of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the photovoltaic combining inverter main circuit structure figure of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the photovoltaic combining inverter system main program flow block diagram of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the photovoltaic combining inverter control strategy block diagram of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and examples of implementation, the present invention is done further detailed description.But implementation method of the present invention is not limited thereto with the scope that requires protection.
Be illustrated in figure 1 as phase-shift soft switch high-frequency isolation type photovoltaic combining inverter structured flowchart.A kind of phase-shift soft switch high-frequency isolation type photovoltaic combining inverter is connected and composed by main circuit, DSP control circuit, ARM control circuit, auxiliary switching power supply circuit.Main circuit is made up of the EMI filtration module that connects successively, drive protecting module, phase-shift soft switch high-frequency isolation module (comprising high frequency full-bridge phase shifting module, relay, high frequency transformer, rectification filtering module), low-and high-frequency full-bridge inverting module, output filtration module, island effect protection module; The DSP control circuit comprises TMS320F2808 digital signal processor, photovoltaic cell current sample module, photovoltaic cell voltage sample module, over-and under-voltage protection module, overtemperature protection module, overcurrent protection module, grid-connected current sampling feedback module, the voltage sample detection module and the frequency sampling detection module that is incorporated into the power networks are incorporated into the power networks; The ARM control circuit comprises LM3S8962 processor, I
2C communication module, ethernet communication module, SPI communication module, SCI communication module, LCD display module; The auxiliary switching power supply module is that each chip of system provides stable ± 15V and 5V direct voltage.
Photovoltaic cell current sample module as shown in Figure 1 and photovoltaic cell voltage sample module; Detect output current by current transformer; Obtain sampled signal, constitute the closed feedback circuit through amplifier and two optocouplers and realize that the linearity of signals isolates, nurses one's health into 0 ~ 3V through dividing potential drop again and deliver to dsp controller AD ALT-CH alternate channel.The direct voltage sample circuit directly links to each other with photovoltaic cell, and its modulate circuit principle is with the current sample modulate circuit.
Over-and under-voltage as shown in Figure 1 detects protection module, and this module is turn-offed the effect of SPWM signal output when high frequency full-bridge phase shifting module input voltage fluctuation.When voltage was higher than set point or is lower than set point, two comparator comparative results were done the phase AND operation, and the result is low level " 0 "; The optocoupler conducting; The output current potential is dragged down, and promptly the I/O mouth level of DSP is dragged down, and DSP produces interruption; Turn-off the output of pwm signal and SPWM signal, and carry out troubleshooting.
Over-and under-voltage as shown in Figure 1 detects protection module; Form by bleeder circuit and comparison circuit; Mainly the input terminal voltage to low-and high-frequency full-bridge inverting module detects, and too high or too low when the input terminal voltage of low-and high-frequency full-bridge inverting module, it is low level that the comparator output terminal level produces saltus step; Turn-off the IR2113S output pwm signal of IGBT drive protecting module, thereby reach the effect of protection IGBT.
Overtemperature protection module as shown in Figure 1 is made up of temperature-sensitive element, bleeder circuit, comparison circuit, optocoupler, and mainly the working temperature to the system switching device detects.When the switching device temperature too high; The voltage signal that is produced by temperature-sensitive element makes the comparator output level produce saltus step through after comparing with the magnitude of voltage of setting; After light-coupled isolation, send interrupt signal to the GPIO of DSP mouth; Send the IR2113S of cut-off signals by DSP, stop output drive signal, thereby reach the effect of protection switch device to the drive protecting module.
Overcurrent protection module as shown in Figure 1 is made up of bleeder circuit, voltage follower circuit, comparison circuit; It is too high mainly the electric current that flows through IGBT in the low-and high-frequency full-bridge inverting module to be detected the electric current that ought flow through IGBT; Comparator level produces the saltus step output low level; The same IR2113S output PWM that turn-offs IGBT drive protecting module, thus reach the effect of protecting IGBT.
Grid-connected current sampling feedback module as shown in Figure 1 mainly plays the sampling feedback effect of electric current, to realize closed-loop control.In the current sample feedback circuit, adopted current Hall transducer HY 25-P, through adopting suitable resistive element, made that the voltage signal excursion that obtains is-1.5V ~ 1.5V when alternating current during from-6A ~ 6A variation at power output end.Be adjusted into 0-3V through voltage offset circuits, after pressure limiting, obtain signal CURRENT-FBK again and give DSP, carry out computing by DSP.
Be incorporated into the power networks the voltage sample detection module and the frequency sampling detection module that is incorporated into the power networks as shown in Figure 1; Adopt Hall voltage sensor voltage; Through adopting suitable resistive element, make that the voltage signal excursion that obtains is-1.5V ~ 1.5V when alternating current during from-311A ~ 311A variation.Be 0-3V through the voltage offset circuits conditioning; After pressure limiting, obtain signal VOLTAGE-FBK again and give DSP, carry out computing, simultaneously the voltage signal that obtains is passed through the zero passage voltage comparator by DSP; The sine wave AC signal is become square wave ac signal; Eliminate the influence of voltage signal through Schmidt trigger, prevented false triggering, thereby improve reliable sequential synchronizing signal for DSP in the shake of zero potential place.
Be illustrated in figure 2 as two-stage high-frequency isolation type photovoltaic combining inverter main circuit structure figure of the present invention.Circuit shown in the figure is followed successively by:
--high frequency full-bridge phase shifting circuit;
--relay, high frequency transformer;
--current rectifying and wave filtering circuit;
--low-and high-frequency full bridge inverter,
--output filter circuit.Prime phase-shift soft switch high-frequency isolation circuit is made up of the high frequency full-bridge phase shifting circuit, relay, high frequency transformer, the current rectifying and wave filtering circuit that connect successively.According to detected photovoltaic cell input voltage value, adhesive, the release of two relays of control: when input direct voltage is 150V ~ 220V, relay A, B adhesive; During 220V ~ 270V, relay A adhesive, B discharges; During 270V ~ 340V, relay A discharges, the B adhesive; During 340V ~ 400V, relay A, B discharge.Turn ratio through above measure change former limit of high frequency transformer and secondary makes under different direct voltage input ranges, and the full-bridge phase shifting circuit can carry out soft efficiently switch control all the time, greatly reduces the power loss of switching device; The 100KHz pwm signal that is directly produced by dsp software drives high frequency full-bridge phase shifting module, and the direct voltage of importing is become high frequency square wave voltage, isolates through high frequency transformer, becomes the high voltage direct current of 400V behind the rectification filtering module.Simultaneously, the duty through the by-pass cock device recently carries out MPPT maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control.Back level low-and high-frequency full-bridge inverting module adopts SPWM low-and high-frequency control mode: brachium pontis adopts IGBT to control with the pwm signal of 50Hz as power device on two; Twice brachium pontis adopts MOSFET to adopt the SPWM signal of 20kHz to control as power device; Output filter circuit in conjunction with LCL network formation; The 400V DC bus-bar voltage inversion that prime phase-shift soft switch high-frequency isolation circuit is provided is converted into the 220V alternating current, the output current of photovoltaic combining inverter is controlled with realization be incorporated into the power networks simultaneously.This control mode has combined the little and fireballing advantage of switch mosfet of IGBT power consumption, has further reduced the power loss of system.
Be illustrated in figure 3 as photovoltaic combining inverter control strategy block diagram of the present invention.At first, the output voltage of system acquisition photovoltaic battle array battery
U Pv And output current
I Pv , carry out the MPPT sequential operation.On the one hand, obtain the PWM drive signal of high frequency full-bridge phase shifting circuit; On the other hand, can get the solar panels power output
P In In the parallel network reverse module, system's detection of grid voltage at first
U Grid And frequency
f , be used for time reference being provided to inverter signal, guarantee that inverter signal is identical with mains frequency.Next, through
P In With
U Grid Carry out division arithmetic and obtain the reference value of grid-connected current
I Ref At last, through
U Grid ,
I Ref ,
I Out Carry out the prediction algorithm control for inverter switching device pipe output signal, the SPWM drive signal of controlled low-and high-frequency full bridge inverter realizes that the phase place of inverter output current and line voltage is consistent.So far, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter just can produce with the maximum power output that tracks and the sinusoidal ac of real-time power network with the frequency homophase, gives the electrical network transmission of electric energy.
Be illustrated in figure 4 as main program flow block diagram of the present invention.After the start operation, the overcurrent protection subprogram is externally added in the system parameters initialization in the interrupt service routine; Whether detection of grid voltage and frequency were stabilized within the allowed band in the time of setting, and undesiredly then returned, and continued to detect; If normal, then detect the photovoltaic cell output voltage whether in 150Vdc ~ 400Vdc, undesired then returning continues to detect; If the photovoltaic cell output voltage within allowed band, then adds high frequency full-bridge phase shifting circuit input voltage (being the photovoltaic cell output voltage) over-and under-voltage defence program in voltage capture interrupt service subprogram; Judge corresponding relay adhesive, release according to input voltage; Phase-shift circuit is started working, and controls the phase shift output voltage stabilization about 400V through PI; In voltage capture interrupt service subprogram, increase low-and high-frequency full bridge inverter input voltage over-and under-voltage protection subprogram; In voltage capture interrupt service subprogram, increase output current DC component protection subprogram, island effect protection subprogram, the also network relay adhesive in the control island effect module, inverter is started working behind about 5s clock of delaying time; Add high-power output thereby increase high frequency full-bridge phase shifting circuit phase shifting angle at last, inverter begins operate as normal.In the invertor operation process, if DSP receives the interrupt signal that each protection module sends, then get into interrupt routine and call the corresponding protection subprogram, break off and network relay, simultaneously, stop to export all drive signals; Inverter restarts after waiting for 3 minutes under this state.
The present invention has realized full automatic Digital Control.Present embodiment adopts embedded dsp DSP TMS320F2808 at a high speed first and has the double-core control system of the LM3S8962 processor of Cortex-M3 kernel; Make full use of the superior function of dsp chip aspect embedded Control; Adopt modularization, transplantable method for designing; Realize MPPT maximum power point tracking through software programming; Phase locked looped function; The pwm signal of high frequency full-bridge phase shifting module module and the SPWM signal of low-and high-frequency full-bridge inverting module are all directly exported through programming mode by DSP, finally realize the full-automatic Digital Control of photovoltaic generating system, make photovoltaic system have better consistency, dynamic response performance and extensibility; ARM chip LM3S8962 control communication display module, real-time display system service data and fault-signal make system have good man-machine display interface, and have multiple communication functions such as RS232, RS485, bluetooth, Ethernet.
The present invention has realized precision.Present embodiment has made full use of the high-speed computation and the data-handling capacity of DSP embedded microprocessor.The clock frequency of 100MHz lets the clock reference cycle of software systems maintain 10nS, and 12 ADC sampling module provides the higher data acquisition precision.Measurement for inverter current and line voltage can be calculated its effective value in real time, has overcome traditional controller and has replaced effective value to cause the shortcoming that output accuracy is low, dynamic response is slow as the output feedback with mean value.The solar panels current/voltage collection of MPPT maximum power point tracking has all combined digital filtering methods such as FIR digital filtering and mean filter, removes the accurate control that the circuit High-frequency Interference guarantees MPPT maximum power point tracking.
The present invention has high reliability and efficient.On the one hand; This example design a kind of high-frequency isolation main circuit of two-layer configuration, preceding stage high frequency full-bridge phase shifting circuit is driven by the high-frequency PWM signal of 100KHz, in conjunction with the unique design of relay and high frequency transformer; Make phase-shift circuit in wide direct voltage input range, still can realize soft efficiently switch control; Simultaneously, through high frequency transformer, realized the isolation fully of photovoltaic cell direct current and grid alternating current; Back level inverter circuit adopts low-and high-frequency control, has made full use of IGBT and MOSFET advantage separately, further reduces the power loss of system, has realized the high efficiency of system's operation.On the other hand; Present embodiment design overvoltage crowbar; Photovoltaic cell over-and under-voltage protective circuit, a series of protective circuits such as island effect protective circuit can be carried out the conduct monitoring at all levels protection to system, guarantee the fail safe of being incorporated into the power networks and the reliability of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter effectively.
The present invention has intellectuality.Present embodiment passes through photovoltaic current output voltage and current detecting, and system's automatic optimal obtains current photovoltaic cell peak power output, is implemented in constantly to change under the external environment, makes photovoltaic cell maintain the maximum power point place.
In this specification, the present invention is described with reference to its certain embodiments.But, still can make various modifications and conversion obviously and not deviate from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Therefore, specification and accompanying drawing are regarded in an illustrative, rather than a restrictive.
Claims (8)
1. a phase-shift soft switch high-frequency isolation type photovoltaic combining inverter is made up of main circuit, DSP control circuit, ARM control circuit, auxiliary switching power supply; Main circuit is connected with DSP control circuit, auxiliary switching power supply respectively, and the DSP control circuit is connected through the SPI interface with the ARM control circuit; It is characterized in that:
---main circuit is made up of the EMI filtration module that connects in order, phase-shift soft switch high-frequency isolation module, low-and high-frequency full-bridge inverting module, output filtration module;
Phase-shift soft switch high-frequency isolation module is made up of the high frequency full-bridge phase shifting module, relay, high frequency transformer, the rectification filtering module that connect in order;
---the DSP control circuit is made up of dsp controller, photovoltaic sampling module, the sampling module that is incorporated into the power networks, protection module;
The interface assignment of dsp controller is following:
The A/D interface is connected with photovoltaic sampling module, the sampling module that is incorporated into the power networks respectively;
The ePWM module output signal drives high frequency full-bridge phase shifting module, low-and high-frequency full-bridge inverting module respectively;
GPIO gathers the protection module signal, sends signal to relay;
ECAP is connected with the sampling module that is incorporated into the power networks;
---the ARM control circuit is made up of ARM controller, LCD display module, communication module, memory module, ethernet module;
The interface assignment of ARM controller is following:
The SCI module is connected with communication module;
The Ethernet module is connected with ethernet module;
I
2C is connected with memory module;
GPIO is connected with the LCD display module;
---auxiliary switching power supply is made up of the transformer of fixed frequency current mode controller and many windings.
2. a kind of phase-shift soft switch high-frequency isolation type photovoltaic combining inverter according to claim 1 is characterized in that described high frequency full-bridge phase shifting module is as switch element by MOSFET.
3. a kind of phase-shift soft switch high-frequency isolation type photovoltaic combining inverter according to claim 1 is characterized in that brachium pontis adopts IGBT as switch element on the described low-and high-frequency control full-bridge inverting module two; Twice brachium pontis adopts MOSFET as switch element.
4. a kind of phase-shift soft switch high-frequency isolation type photovoltaic combining inverter according to claim 3; The IGBT that it is characterized in that described low-and high-frequency control full-bridge inverting module adopts the pwm signal of 50Hz to control, and MOSFET adopts the SPWM signal of 20kHz to control.
5. a kind of phase-shift soft switch high-frequency isolation type photovoltaic combining inverter according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
---described photovoltaic sampling module comprises photovoltaic cell current sample module, photovoltaic cell voltage sample module:
The photovoltaic sampling module is gathered the electric current of photovoltaic cell output and the A/D interface that voltage signal is delivered to DSP;
---the described sampling module that is incorporated into the power networks comprises that grid-connected current sampling feedback module, the voltage sample that is incorporated into the power networks detect the feedback module and the frequency sampling detection module that is incorporated into the power networks:
The current signal of grid-connected current sampling feedback module collection electrical network is delivered to the A/D interface of DSP;
The voltage sample that is incorporated into the power networks detects feedback module and gathers the A/D interface that the voltage signal of electrical network is delivered to DSP;
The frequency signal of the frequency sampling detection module that is incorporated into the power networks collection electrical network is delivered to the ECAP interface of DSP;
---described protection module comprises drive protecting module, over-and under-voltage protection module, overtemperature protection module, island effect protection module and overcurrent protection module:
The drive protecting module has two groups, one group of MOSFET that drives high frequency full-bridge phase shifting module, and another group drives the MOSFET and the IGBT of low-and high-frequency full-bridge inverting module;
The over-and under-voltage module is by bleeder circuit, comparison circuit, and optocoupler constitutes, and respectively the input terminal voltage of high frequency full-bridge phase shifting module and the input terminal voltage of low-and high-frequency full-bridge inverting module is detected;
The overtemperature protection module is made up of temperature-sensitive element, bleeder circuit, comparison circuit, optocoupler, and the working temperature to the switch element of high frequency full-bridge phase shifting module and low-and high-frequency full-bridge inverting module detects respectively;
The island effect protection module detects the island effect of electrical network;
Overcurrent protection module is made up of bleeder circuit, voltage follower circuit, comparison circuit, and the electric current that flows through IGBT and MOSFET in the low-and high-frequency full-bridge inverting module is detected.
6. a kind of phase-shift soft switch high-frequency isolation type photovoltaic combining inverter according to claim 1 is characterized in that the communication module of ARM control circuit comprises bluetooth module, RS232 module and RS485 module.
7. a kind of phase-shift soft switch high-frequency isolation type photovoltaic combining inverter according to claim 1 is characterized in that the storage module of ARM control circuit comprises EEPROM module and RTC module.
8. phase-shift soft switch high-frequency isolation type photovoltaic combining inverter according to claim 5 is characterized in that said island effect protection module adopts the active frequency drift method of periodic perturbation band positive feedback to realize the island detection protection of being incorporated into the power networks.
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