CN102305110B - Device for transforming terrestrial heat and waste heat into power cycle and supplying heat - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a device for power output and hot water supply using geothermal and waste heat resources, especially medium and low temperature geothermal and waste heat resources. Including heat source inlet, heat source outlet, multi-tube cluster standpipe generator, multi-tube cluster standpipe absorber, condenser, steam turbine, liquid storage tank, solution pump, first heat exchanger, second heat exchanger, pressure reducing valve , Domestic hot water tank, cooling water pump, cooling water tank, cooling water tank filling port, domestic hot water tank outlet, regulating valve. The device uses binary mixture with low boiling point as the circulating working fluid, which reduces the irreversible loss in the heat exchange process; adds a condenser to improve the heat utilization efficiency of the exhaust steam of the steam turbine; the generator and absorber adopt multi-tube cluster vertical tube cooling Membrane heat exchanger has compact structure, reliable safety performance, and realizes power output and hot water supply at the same time, effectively improving the utilization efficiency of low-grade energy.

Description

A device that converts geothermal and waste heat into power cycle and heating or warming

【Technical field】

The invention relates to a power cycle and a heating or warming device in which geothermal energy, especially medium-low temperature geothermal energy and waste heat resources are used as heat sources. the

【Background technique】

my country's energy utilization rate is only about 33%, which is about 10% lower than that of developed countries. The total amount of geothermal resources in my country is very rich. At present, high-temperature geothermal energy has been utilized by mature technologies, but medium-low temperature geothermal energy and waste heat have not been effectively utilized, and are currently in the stage of technological development. Except for Yunnan, Tibet and Taiwan, most of the geothermal resources in my country are convective and conductive medium-low temperature geothermal resources at 60-120°C. Industrial waste heat resources in my country widely exist in the production process of various industries, and waste heat resources account for about 100% of the total. 17% to 67% of the total fuel consumption, of which the recyclable rate reaches 60%. There is a large room for improvement in the utilization rate of waste heat and great potential for energy saving. The medium and low temperature waste heat accounts for about 40% to 50% of the total waste heat. Making full use of them will save a lot of resources for the society, and at the same time reduce carbon dioxide emissions and heat pollution. the

The existing technical patents mainly include a closed-type Brayton cycle waste heat power generation system and a method for using waste heat to generate electricity, an absorption heat pump heating device that uses waste heat from flue gas in a gas-fired steam cycle thermal power plant, and a high-efficiency steam power cycle for power generation. device etc. Its disadvantages are:

1. It is mainly used in high-temperature geothermal and waste heat resources. When the temperature of geothermal and waste heat resources is low, the device efficiency is too low or cannot be realized;

2. For medium and low temperature geothermal and waste heat resources (70-120°C), power output, heating and heating cannot be realized at the same time;

3. The structure of the device is complicated, and the initial investment of equipment is relatively high. the

【Content of invention】

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for power output and hot water supply utilizing geothermal and waste heat resources. It uses a binary mixture with a low boiling point as the circulating working fluid, which reduces the irreversible loss in the heat exchange process. The generator and absorber use a multi-tube cluster vertical tube falling film heat exchanger, which has a compact structure and reliable safety performance. At the same time, it realizes Power output and hot water supply effectively improve the utilization efficiency of low-grade energy. the

The technical solution of the present invention is: a device that utilizes ground heat and waste heat to convert into power circulation and heat supply or heating, including a heat source inlet, a heat source outlet, a generator, an absorber, a condenser, a steam turbine, a liquid storage tank, a solution pump, a second The first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger, the pressure reducing valve, the domestic hot water tank, the cooling water pump, the cooling water tank, the water supply port of the cooling water tank, the water outlet of the domestic hot water tank, the regulating valve, and the inlet of the solution pump are connected to the storage tank through pipelines. At the bottom of the liquid tank, the outlet of the solution pump is connected to the first inlet of the first heat exchanger through a pipeline, and the first outlet of the first heat exchanger is connected to the working medium inlet of the generator through a pipeline, and the gas phase outlet of the working medium of the generator passes through the steam turbine. The power output is connected to the gas phase inlet of the condenser through a pipeline, the gas phase outlet of the condenser is connected to the gas phase inlet of the absorber through a pipeline, and the liquid phase outlet of the working medium of the generator is connected to the second inlet of the first heat exchanger through a pipeline. The second outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the working medium liquid phase inlet of the absorber through a pipeline after passing through the pressure reducing valve, and the working medium outlet of the absorber is connected to the liquid storage tank; the inlet of the cooling water pump is connected to the bottom of the cooling water tank through a pipeline, and the outlet of the cooling water pump The cold water inlet of the absorber is connected through a pipe, the cold water outlet of the absorber is connected with the liquid phase inlet of the condenser through a pipe, the liquid phase outlet of the condenser is connected with the first inlet of the second heat exchanger through a pipe, and the second heat exchanger of the second heat exchanger is connected with the first inlet of the second heat exchanger through a pipe. One outlet is connected to the top of the domestic hot water tank through a pipe, the heat source inlet is connected to the heat source inlet of the generator through a pipe, the first heat source outlet of the generator is connected to the second inlet of the second heat exchanger through a pipe, and the second heat source of the second heat exchanger is connected to the second inlet of the second heat exchanger through a pipe. The second outlet is connected to the heat source outlet through a pipeline. The lower temperature working fluid in the liquid storage tank enters the first heat exchanger through the first inlet of the first heat exchanger, and the working fluid entering from the second inlet of the first heat exchanger The working fluid undergoes heat exchange and then enters the absorber. the

The liquid storage tank, solution pump, first heat exchanger, generator, steam turbine, condenser and absorber form a working medium circulation system, and the liquid working medium is exported from the liquid storage tank, and then passed through the first heat exchanger by the solution pump. sent to the generator, the evaporated gas enters the condenser after passing through the steam turbine, the condensed gas working medium enters the absorber, and the evaporated liquid working medium enters the absorber after passing through the first heat exchanger, and the evaporated liquid working medium enters the absorber The absorber absorbs the condensed gaseous working medium, and the absorbed liquid working medium flows into the liquid storage tank through the pipeline to complete a cycle. The working medium adopts a binary mixture with a low boiling point as the circulating working medium. The working fluid is exported from the liquid storage tank, flows through the condenser, enters the absorber, and returns to the liquid storage tank to complete a cycle. The irreversible loss in the heat exchange process is reduced, and the utilization efficiency of low-grade energy is effectively utilized and improved. the

The working fluid circulation system is a closed system. the

The generator and the absorber respectively adopt multi-tube cluster vertical tube falling film heat exchangers. Improve heat transfer efficiency. the

The heat source flowing out from the heat source outlet of the multi-tube vertical tube falling film generator performs heat exchange with the second heat exchanger, which increases the temperature of domestic hot water and improves the heat utilization efficiency; for medium and low temperature geothermal and waste heat resources, simultaneously realize The power output and hot water co-supply are increased; the condenser is added to improve the heat utilization efficiency of the exhaust steam of the steam turbine. the

The cooling water tank, the water supply port of the cooling water tank, the water outlet of the domestic hot water tank, and the regulating valve form a hot water supply system, and the hot water supply system is a closed system. It is more conducive to the recovery and utilization of high-temperature condensed water resources and sensible heat, and is conducive to energy saving of the system. the

The generation-absorption cycle system is filled with the working fluid solution for research, and the working fluid solution is sent to the working fluid inlet of the multi-tube cluster standpipe generator after the solution pump and the first heat exchanger, and the working fluid is heated and evaporated by the heat source Finally, steam is formed, and the steam is sent from the pipeline through the condenser to the gas phase inlet of the multi-tube cluster vertical pipe absorber, and the evaporated working medium solution is sent to the cloth of the multi-tube cluster vertical pipe absorber after passing through the first heat exchanger. The liquid phase inlet of the membrane absorbs the steam from the condenser, the heat released by the condenser and the multi-tube cluster standpipe absorber is taken away by the cooling water system, the hot water at the liquid phase outlet of the condenser is connected with the multi-tube cluster standpipe generator The heat source of the hot water outlet enters the domestic hot water tank after heat exchange by the second heat exchanger; there is a water outlet on the domestic hot water tank, a water replenishment port on the cooling water tank, and a Regulating valve, when the temperature of the domestic hot water tank is low, open the regulating valve, the hot water in the domestic hot water tank flows into the cooling water tank, when the temperature of the domestic hot water tank is high, the hot water will automatically flow from the outlet of the domestic hot water tank flow out. the

The invention has the advantages of providing a device for power output and hot water supply using geothermal and waste heat resources. It uses binary mixture with low boiling point as the circulating working fluid, which reduces the irreversible loss in the heat exchange process; adds a condenser to improve the heat utilization efficiency of steam turbine exhaust; the generator and absorber adopt multi-tube cluster standpipe cooling Membrane heat exchanger has compact structure, reliable safety performance, and realizes power output and hot water supply at the same time, effectively improving the utilization efficiency of low-grade energy. the

【Description of drawings】

Accompanying drawing 1 is a schematic diagram of a device for converting geothermal heat into power cycle and heating or warming according to an embodiment of the present invention. the

Explanation of reference numerals: 1, generator; 2, steam turbine; 3, condenser; 4, absorber; 5, liquid storage tank; 6, solution pump; 7, first heat exchanger; 8, second heat exchanger ;9, pressure reducing valve; 10, domestic hot water tank; 11, cooling water pump; 12, heat source inlet; 13, heat source outlet; 14, cooling water tank; 15, cooling water tank replenishment port; 16, domestic hot water tank outlet; 17, regulating valve, 18, the outlet of the first heat source. the

【Detailed ways】

Referring to Fig. 1, a device for converting geothermal and waste heat into power cycle and heat supply or heating, including a heat source inlet 12, a heat source outlet 13, a generator 1, an absorber 4, a condenser 3, a steam turbine 2, a liquid storage tank 5, a solution Pump 6, first heat exchanger 7, second heat exchanger 8, pressure reducing valve 9, domestic hot water tank 10, cooling water pump 11, cooling water tank 14, cooling water tank filling port 15, domestic hot water tank outlet 16, Regulating valve 17, the inlet of the solution pump 6 is connected to the bottom of the liquid storage tank 5 through a pipeline, the outlet of the solution pump is connected to the first inlet of the first heat exchanger 7 through a pipeline, and the first outlet of the first heat exchanger 7 is connected through a pipeline to occur The working medium inlet of the generator 1, the working medium gas phase outlet of the generator 1 pass through the steam turbine 2 to realize the power output, and the gas phase inlet of the condenser 3 is connected through a pipeline, and the gas phase outlet of the condenser 3 is connected to the working medium gas phase inlet of the absorber 4 through a pipeline, The outlet of the working medium liquid phase of the generator 1 is connected to the second inlet of the first heat exchanger 7 through a pipeline, and the second outlet of the first heat exchanger 7 is connected to the working medium liquid phase of the absorber 4 through a pipeline after passing through the pressure reducing valve 9 The inlet and outlet of the working medium of the absorber 4 are connected to the liquid storage tank 5; the inlet of the cooling water pump 11 is connected to the bottom of the cooling water tank 14 through a pipeline, and the outlet is connected to the cold water inlet of the absorber 4 through a pipeline, and the cold water outlet of the absorber 4 is connected to the condensation through a pipeline. The liquid phase inlet of the device 3, the liquid phase outlet of the condenser 3 are connected to the first inlet of the second heat exchanger 8 through a pipeline, and the first outlet of the second heat exchanger 8 is connected to the top of the domestic hot water tank 10 through a pipeline, and the heat source The inlet 12 communicates with the heat source inlet of the generator 1 through a pipeline, the first heat source outlet 18 of the generator 1 communicates with the second inlet of the second heat exchanger 8 through a pipeline, and the second outlet of the second heat exchanger 8 communicates with the heat source through a pipeline Exit 13. the

The liquid storage tank 5, the solution pump 6, the first heat exchanger 7, the generator 1, the steam turbine 2, the condenser 3 and the absorber 4 form a working fluid circulation system. After passing through the first heat exchanger 7, it is sent to the generator 1. The evaporated gas passes through the steam turbine 2 and then enters the condenser 3. The condensed gas working medium enters the absorber 4, and the evaporated liquid working medium passes through the first heat exchanger. After 7, it enters the absorber 4, and the evaporated liquid working medium absorbs the condensed gas working medium in the absorber 4, and the absorbed liquid working medium flows into the liquid storage tank 5 through a pipeline to complete a cycle, and the working medium adopts a low boiling point The binary mixture is a circulating working fluid. The working fluid circulation system is a closed system. the

The lower-temperature working fluid in the liquid storage tank 5 enters the first heat exchanger 7 through the first inlet of the first heat exchanger 7 , and enters into the first heat exchanger 7 from the second inlet of the first heat exchanger 7 The incoming working fluid undergoes heat exchange and then enters the absorber 4 . the

Cooling water tank 14, cooling water tank replenishment port 15, domestic hot water tank water outlet 16, regulating valve 17 form a hot water supply system, and the hot water supply system is a closed system. the

In this embodiment, the generator 1 and the absorber 4 respectively adopt multi-tube cluster vertical tube falling film heat exchangers. Improve heat transfer efficiency. the

The generation-absorption circulation system is filled with the research working medium solution, and the working medium solution is sent to the working medium inlet of the multi-tube cluster standpipe generator 1 after passing through the solution pump 6 and the first heat exchanger 7, and the working medium is The heat source is heated and evaporated to form steam, and the steam is sent from the pipeline through the condenser 3 to the gas phase inlet of the multi-tube cluster standpipe absorber 4, and the evaporated working medium solution is sent to the multi-tube cluster after passing through the first heat exchanger 7 The liquid phase inlet of the film distributor of the standpipe absorber 4 absorbs the steam from the condenser 3, the heat released by the condenser 3 and the multi-tube cluster standpipe absorber 4 is taken away by the cooling water system, and the liquid phase outlet of the condenser 3 The hot water and the heat source from the hot water outlet of the multi-tube cluster standpipe generator 1 enter the domestic hot water tank 10 after exchanging heat in the second heat exchanger 7; the domestic hot water tank 10 is provided with a water outlet, and the cooling water tank 14 is provided with There is a water supply port 15, and a regulating valve 17 is provided between the domestic hot water tank 10 and the cooling water tank 14. When the temperature of the domestic hot water tank 10 is low, the regulating valve 17 is opened, and the hot water in the domestic hot water tank 10 flows into the cooling water tank. Water tank 14, when the temperature of the domestic hot water tank 10 is higher, hot water flows out from the water outlet 16 of the domestic hot water tank 10 automatically. the

In the device of the present invention, the gas outlet of the multi-tube cluster standpipe falling film generator 1 is connected to the steam turbine 2, and the exhaust steam of the steam turbine 2 is connected to the condenser 3 and the multi-tube cluster standpipe absorber 4, and simultaneously realizes both power output and hot water recovery. effect. the

This embodiment not only solves the combined heat and power supply of low-grade (geothermal, solar, and industrial waste heat) resources, but also can effectively improve the utilization efficiency of high-temperature heat sources. Its main advantages are:

1. Using binary mixture with low boiling point as circulating working fluid reduces the irreversible loss in the heat exchange process, effectively utilizes and improves the utilization efficiency of low-grade energy;

2. A condenser is added to improve the heat utilization efficiency of the exhaust steam of the steam turbine;

3. For medium and low temperature geothermal and waste heat resources, power output and hot water co-supply are realized at the same time;

4. The generator and absorber adopt multi-tube vertical tube falling film heat exchanger to improve heat exchange efficiency;

5. The closed system of the hot water system is more conducive to the recovery and utilization of high-temperature condensed water resources and sensible heat, and is conducive to energy saving of the system. the

The above detailed description is a specific description of a feasible embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent implementation or change that does not depart from the present invention should be included in the scope of this case. within the scope of the patent. the

Claims (5)

1. A device that converts geothermal and waste heat into power cycle and heat supply or heating, characterized in that it includes a heat source inlet (12), a heat source outlet (13), a generator (1), an absorber (4), a condenser ( 3), steam turbine (2), liquid storage tank (5), solution pump (6), first heat exchanger (7), second heat exchanger (8), pressure reducing valve (9), domestic hot water tank (10), cooling water pump (11), cooling water tank (14), cooling water tank filling port (15), domestic hot water tank outlet (16), connected between domestic hot water tank (10) and cooling water tank (14) The regulating valve (17) between them; the inlet of the solution pump (6) is connected to the bottom of the liquid storage tank (5) through a pipeline, and the outlet of the solution pump (6) is connected to the first inlet of the first heat exchanger (7) through a pipeline, The first outlet of the first heat exchanger (7) is connected to the working medium inlet of the generator (1) through a pipeline, and the gas phase outlet of the working medium of the generator (1) is connected to the gas phase of the condenser (3) through a steam turbine (2) Inlet, the gas phase outlet of the condenser (3) is connected to the working medium gas phase inlet of the absorber (4) through a pipeline, and the working medium liquid phase outlet of the generator (1) is connected to the second inlet of the first heat exchanger (7) through a pipeline , the second outlet of the first heat exchanger (7) is connected to the liquid phase inlet of the absorber (4) through a pipeline after passing through the pressure reducing valve (9), and the outlet of the absorber (4) is connected to the liquid storage tank ( 5); the inlet of the cooling water pump (11) is connected to the bottom of the cooling water tank (14) through a pipeline, the outlet of the cooling water pump (11) is connected to the cold water inlet of the absorber (4) through a pipeline, and the cold water outlet of the absorber (4) is through a pipeline The liquid phase inlet of the condenser (3) is connected, and the liquid phase outlet of the condenser (3) is connected to the first inlet of the second heat exchanger (8) through a pipeline, and the first outlet of the second heat exchanger (8) is connected through a pipeline Connected to the top of the domestic hot water tank (10), the heat source inlet (12) is connected to the heat source inlet of the generator (1) through a pipe, and the first heat source outlet (18) of the generator (1) is connected to the second heat exchanger ( 8), the second inlet of the second heat exchanger (8) is connected to the heat source outlet (13) through a pipeline. 2. The device for converting geothermal and waste heat into power circulation and heating or warming according to claim 1, characterized in that: the liquid storage tank (5), the solution pump (6), the first heat exchanger ( 7), generator (1), steam turbine (2), condenser (3) and absorber (4) form a working medium circulation system, the liquid working medium is exported from the liquid storage tank (5), and is pumped by the solution pump (6) through The first heat exchanger (7) is sent to the generator (1), the evaporated gas enters the condenser (3) after passing through the steam turbine (2), the condensed gas working medium enters the absorber (4), and the evaporated gas The liquid working medium enters the absorber (4) after passing through the first heat exchanger (7), and the evaporated liquid working medium absorbs the condensed gas working medium in the absorber (4), and the absorbed liquid working medium flows into the absorber (4) through the pipeline The liquid storage tank (5) completes a cycle, and the working fluid uses a binary mixture with a low boiling point as the circulating working fluid. 3. The device for converting geothermal and waste heat into power circulation and heat supply or heating according to claim 1: the feature is that: the generator (1) and the absorber (4) respectively adopt multi-tube cluster standpipe cooling film heat exchanger. 4. The device for converting geothermal and waste heat into power circulation and heating or warming according to claim 2, characterized in that: the working fluid circulation system is a closed system. 5. The device for converting geothermal and waste heat into power cycle and heating or warming according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lower temperature working fluid in the liquid storage tank (5) passes through the first The first inlet of the heat exchanger (7) enters the first heat exchanger (7), exchanges heat with the working fluid entering from the second inlet of the first heat exchanger (7), and then enters the absorption device (4).

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