CN102303490B - Automobile tire burst prevention controller on basis of electrical power steering - Google Patents
Automobile tire burst prevention controller on basis of electrical power steering Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明基于电动转向的汽车防爆胎控制器,涉及汽车安全控制装置,其中包括ECU处理器、数据采集部分、数据处理部分、爆胎显示部分、爆胎报警部分、电机转向控制部分、电源电路、上位通讯电路及故障诊断电路,在发生爆胎时,启动爆胎报警部分并由爆胎显示部分显示爆胎信息,并通过数据采集部分检测方向盘有无转向及方向盘转向方向和角度,如无转向则直接由电机转向控制部分控制汽车的转向系统进入防爆胎控制,如果方向盘有转向,则要检测方向盘的转向方向、转向角大小及转向速度信息为修正转向偏角提供参数,再由电机转向控制部分控制汽车的转向系统,通过控制汽车的转向系统使汽车爆胎后保持在原行驶方向上运动,避免汽车轮胎出现爆胎时失控跑偏。
The present invention is based on electric steering automobile run-flat tire controller, relates to automobile safety control device, including ECU processor, data acquisition part, data processing part, tire burst display part, tire burst alarm part, motor steering control part, power supply circuit, The upper communication circuit and the fault diagnosis circuit, when a tire blows out, start the tire blowout alarm part and display the tire blowout information through the tire blowout display part, and detect whether the steering wheel is turning or not, and the direction and angle of the steering wheel turning through the data acquisition part. The steering system of the car is directly controlled by the motor steering control part to enter the run-flat tire control. If the steering wheel has steering, the steering direction, steering angle and steering speed information of the steering wheel must be detected to provide parameters for correcting the steering deflection angle, and then the motor steering control Partially controls the steering system of the car. By controlling the steering system of the car, the car will keep moving in the original driving direction after the tire blows out, so as to avoid running out of control when the tire blows out.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及汽车安全控制装置,特别是一种汽车防爆胎控制器。 The invention relates to an automobile safety control device, in particular to an automobile run-flat tire controller. the
背景技术 Background technique
汽车轮胎突然爆胎时方向易失控跑偏造成人员伤亡及财产损失事故,为此业界对汽车防爆胎控制技术作深入的研究,目前主要有以下几种汽车防爆胎控制技术:(1)超扁平轮胎技术,该技术的核心是尽量降低汽车轮胎的高度,增强汽车轮胎胎侧的支持刚度,从而在轮胎发生爆胎后,使车轮的高度没有明显的下降,以便为轮胎提供相对低速的基本行驶性能,该技术的初衷是去掉汽车备用轮胎,并不是预防汽车爆胎,而且该技术在发生爆胎之后也没有提前报警预警和救助作用,由于此种轮胎的刚度比较大,这样就会导致汽车在行驶过程中的附着力下降,要想提高行驶附着力就必须通过增大轮胎的宽度实现,并且轮胎高度下降了会使轮胎拆卸比较困难,所以该技术的应用前景还有待论证;(2)方向自锁技术,该技术的核心思想是采用胎压传感器来检测汽车轮胎的胎压信息,当检测到某个轮胎发生爆胎后就对方向盘进行单向自锁,此时驾驶员可以自由操控方向盘,方向盘自锁后可以减轻轮胎爆胎之后的方向偏移,但是该技术主要停留在表象上,还处在试验阶段,到目前为止还没有投入使用,并且在发生爆胎之后也没有提前报警预警和救助作用;(3)同轴轮胎气压互通技术,该技术的核心思想是使汽车同轴轮胎的左右轮的气室相通,这样当同轴一侧的轮胎发生爆胎后,另一侧轮胎的气会快速的传到爆胎的轮胎,这样汽车就不会因为一侧轮胎爆胎后滚动阻力过大而方向偏移,从而降低引发爆胎事故的可能性;也有公司提出了类似该技术的另一种方法,即在检测到一侧轮胎发生爆胎之后,快速引爆另一侧的轮胎,与该技术机理十分相似,这种方法的可靠性还在进一步的验证中;(4)爆胎监测与安全控制系统,该技术的核心是利用高精度的智能型传感器检测汽车轮胎的气压信息,如果检测到某个轮胎发生爆胎,则立刻将爆胎信号传输到中央处理单元,中央处理单元会控制自动刹车机构进行制动减速并刹车,但是在制动过程中汽车的侧向附着性能将变差,也就是汽车的方向稳定性不好,所以不能过度制动减速。 When a car tire suddenly blows out, it is easy to run out of control and deviate, causing casualties and property damage accidents. For this reason, the industry has conducted in-depth research on the control technology of car run-flat tires. At present, there are mainly the following kinds of car run-proof tire control technologies: (1) Ultra-flat Tire technology, the core of this technology is to reduce the height of the car tire as much as possible and enhance the support stiffness of the sidewall of the car tire, so that the height of the wheel does not drop significantly after the tire blows out, so as to provide the tire with a relatively low-speed basic driving Performance, the original intention of this technology is to remove the spare tire of the car, not to prevent the car from blowing out, and this technology does not have the function of early warning and rescue after the tire blows out. The adhesion decreases during driving. To improve the driving adhesion, it must be realized by increasing the width of the tire, and the reduction of the tire height will make it difficult to disassemble the tire. Therefore, the application prospect of this technology has yet to be demonstrated; (2) Direction self-locking technology, the core idea of this technology is to use the tire pressure sensor to detect the tire pressure information of the car tire. When a tire blowout is detected, the steering wheel will be unidirectionally self-locked. At this time, the driver can control it freely. Steering wheel, the self-locking steering wheel can reduce the direction deviation after the tire blows out, but this technology is mainly on the surface, it is still in the experimental stage, it has not been put into use so far, and there is no early warning after the tire blows out Early warning and rescue function; (3) Coaxial tire pressure communication technology, the core idea of this technology is to make the air chambers of the left and right wheels of the coaxial tire communicate, so that when the tire on one side of the coaxial tire blows out, the other side The air in the tire will be quickly transmitted to the punctured tire, so that the car will not deviate due to the excessive rolling resistance of one tire after the puncture, thereby reducing the possibility of causing a puncture accident; some companies have also proposed a similar Another method of technology, that is, after detecting a tire blowout on one side, quickly detonate the tire on the other side, which is very similar to the mechanism of this technology, and the reliability of this method is still under further verification; (4) Tire blowout monitoring and safety control system. The core of this technology is to use high-precision intelligent sensors to detect the air pressure information of automobile tires. If a tire blowout is detected, the blowout signal will be transmitted to the central processing unit immediately. The processing unit will control the automatic braking mechanism to brake, decelerate and brake. However, during the braking process, the lateral adhesion performance of the car will deteriorate, that is, the directional stability of the car is not good, so excessive braking and deceleration cannot be performed. the
由以上分析可知当前的防爆胎控制技术要么成本太高,要么就是可靠性差或技术不够成熟,在市场上推广应用的还不是太多。 From the above analysis, it can be seen that the current run-flat tire control technology is either costly or poor in reliability or the technology is not mature enough, and there are not too many popularization and application in the market. the
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是为了克服和解决现有汽车由于没有完善的爆胎防偏装置而在汽车轮胎突然出现爆胎时易失控跑偏造成人员伤亡、财产损失事故的缺点和问题,提供一种基于电动转向的汽车防爆胎控制器,在汽车以中、高速行驶而突然出现爆胎时,能可靠、有效地防止汽车跑偏、自动地维持汽车在原来的行驶方向上,保证汽车行驶安全,防止人员伤亡和财产损失事故发生。 The purpose of the present invention is to overcome and solve the shortcoming and problem that existing automobiles are easy to get out of control and run off when the automobile tire suddenly bursts due to the lack of a perfect tire blowout anti-deviation device, causing casualties and property damage accidents. The electric steering car run-flat tire controller can reliably and effectively prevent the car from running off when the car is driving at a medium or high speed and suddenly blows out, and automatically maintain the car in the original driving direction to ensure the safety of the car and prevent Casualties and property damage accidents occurred. the
为达到上述发明目的本发明采用的技术方案是:一种基于电动转向的汽车防爆胎控制器,该汽车防爆胎控制器的硬件包括ECU处理器(汽车防爆胎控制器使用的ATmega128单片机在这里称作“ECU处理器”)、数据采集部分、数据处理部分、爆胎显示部分、爆胎报警部分、电机转向控制部分、电源电路、上位通讯电路及故障诊断电路,数据采集部分包括转向横拉杆位移传信号接收电路、方向盘转角信号接收电路、车速信号接收电路、爆胎压力检测信号接收电路,数据处理部分包括转向横拉杆位移信号处理电路、方向盘转角信号处理电路、车速信号处理电路、爆胎压力检测信号处理电路,转向横拉杆位移信号接收电路与转向横拉杆位移信号处理电路连接,方向盘转角信号接收电路与方向盘转角信号处理电路连接,车速信号接收电路与车速信号处理电路连接,爆胎压力检测信号接收电路与爆胎压力检测信号处理电路连接,爆胎显示部分包括爆胎显示电路及与爆胎显示电路连接的爆胎显示屏,爆胎报警部分包括爆胎报警驱动电路及与爆胎报警驱动电路连接的报警蜂鸣器,电机转向控制部分包括电机转向驱动电路及与电机转向驱动电路连接的转向控制电机,转向横拉杆位移传感器信号处理电路、方向盘转角信号处理电路、车速信号处理电路、爆胎压力检测信号处理电路、爆胎显示电路、爆胎报警驱动电路、电机转向驱动电路、电源电路、上位通讯电路及故障诊断电路分别与ECU处理器连接。 The technical scheme that the present invention adopts for reaching above-mentioned purpose of the invention is: a kind of automobile run-flat tire controller based on electric steering, the hardware of this automobile run-flat tire controller comprises ECU processor (the ATmega128 single-chip microcomputer that automobile run-flat tire controller uses is called here As "ECU processor"), data acquisition part, data processing part, tire burst display part, tire burst alarm part, motor steering control part, power supply circuit, upper communication circuit and fault diagnosis circuit, the data acquisition part includes the displacement of the tie rod Transmission signal receiving circuit, steering wheel angle signal receiving circuit, vehicle speed signal receiving circuit, tire blowout pressure detection signal receiving circuit, the data processing part includes steering tie rod displacement signal processing circuit, steering wheel angle signal processing circuit, vehicle speed signal processing circuit, tire blowout pressure Detection signal processing circuit, steering tie rod displacement signal receiving circuit is connected with steering tie rod displacement signal processing circuit, steering wheel angle signal receiving circuit is connected with steering wheel angle signal processing circuit, vehicle speed signal receiving circuit is connected with vehicle speed signal processing circuit, tire blowout pressure detection The signal receiving circuit is connected with the tire blowout pressure detection signal processing circuit, the tire blowout display part includes a tire blowout display circuit and the tire blowout display screen connected with the tire blowout display circuit, and the tire blowout alarm part includes a tire blowout alarm driving circuit and a tire blowout alarm The alarm buzzer connected to the drive circuit, the motor steering control part includes the motor steering drive circuit and the steering control motor connected with the motor steering drive circuit, the steering tie rod displacement sensor signal processing circuit, the steering wheel angle signal processing circuit, the vehicle speed signal processing circuit, The tire blowout pressure detection signal processing circuit, the blowout display circuit, the blowout alarm drive circuit, the motor steering drive circuit, the power supply circuit, the host communication circuit and the fault diagnosis circuit are respectively connected with the ECU processor. the
本发明的进一步技术方案是:所述ECU处理器中设有用于控制上述汽车防爆胎控制器工作的控制程序,该控制程序控制汽车防爆胎控制器工作的控制过程包括以下步骤:1)通过爆胎压力检测信号传感器检测轮胎压力信号,由压力信号判断有无爆胎发生,若有爆胎发生再确定是哪一个或哪几个轮胎发生爆胎,保存爆胎信息为后续防爆胎控制提供参数;2) ECU处理器检测到爆胎信号后就启动爆胎报警装置并由爆胎显示装置显示爆胎信息,启动爆胎报警装置时,ECU处理器控制刹车灯或后尾灯自动点亮;3)通过车速信号传感器检测汽车行驶速度,判断车速是否高于安全车速,如果小于安全车速即退出控制,如果大于安全车速则通过爆胎汽车操纵动力学模型计算目标转向角;4)通过方向盘转角信号传感器检测方向盘有无转向及方向盘转向方向和角度,如果无转向信息则直接由电机转向控制装置控制汽车的转向系统转向而进入防爆胎控制,如果方向盘有转向,则检测方向盘的转向方向、转向角大小及转向速度信息为修正转向偏角提供修正参数,再由电机转向控制装置控制汽车的转向系统转向;5)通过采集转向横拉杆位移信号传感器的信息进行闭环控制。 The further technical scheme of the present invention is: described ECU processor is provided with the control program that is used to control above-mentioned automobile run-flat tire controller work, and the control process that this control program controls automobile run-flat tire controller work comprises the following steps: 1) by bursting The tire pressure detection signal sensor detects the tire pressure signal, and judges whether there is a tire blowout by the pressure signal. If there is a tire blowout, then determine which tire or several tires have a blowout, and save the blowout information to provide parameters for subsequent blowout control. ; 2) After the ECU processor detects the tire blowout signal, the tire blowout alarm device is started and the tire blowout display device displays the tire blowout information. When the tire blowout alarm device is started, the ECU processor controls the brake light or the rear taillight to automatically light up; 3 ) detect the vehicle speed through the vehicle speed signal sensor, judge whether the vehicle speed is higher than the safe speed, if it is lower than the safe speed, then exit the control, if it is higher than the safe speed, then calculate the target steering angle through the vehicle handling dynamics model of the flat tire; 4) through the steering wheel angle signal The sensor detects whether the steering wheel is turning or not and the steering direction and angle of the steering wheel. If there is no steering information, the steering system of the car is directly controlled by the motor steering control device to enter the run-flat tire control. If the steering wheel is turning, the steering direction and steering angle of the steering wheel are detected. The size and steering speed information provide correction parameters for correcting the steering deflection angle, and then the motor steering control device controls the steering of the car's steering system; 5) Closed-loop control is performed by collecting information from the steering tie rod displacement signal sensor. the
本发明的更进一步技术方案是:在步骤4)中当方向盘有输入转向信号时,以驾驶员输入的转向信号为高优先级,根据方向盘输入的转向信号修正转向控制系统的控制输出来控制汽车的行驶方向。 A further technical solution of the present invention is: in step 4) when the steering wheel has an input steering signal, the steering signal input by the driver is a high priority, and the control output of the steering control system is corrected according to the steering wheel input steering signal to control the car. direction of travel. the
采用本发明基于电动转向的汽车防爆胎控制器具有以下有益效果: Adopting the automobile run-flat tire controller based on electric steering of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. 本发明基于电动转向的汽车防爆胎控制器采用主动防爆胎技术,在发生爆胎时,立即启动爆胎报警装置并由爆胎显示装置显示爆胎信息,由汽车防爆胎控制器的ECU处理器控制电机转向控制装置,电机转向控制装置控制汽车的转向系统使汽车爆胎后保持在原行驶方向上运动,由于汽车防爆胎控制器是电动控制所以反应时间短,从轮胎突爆发生到汽车转向系统执行转向大约0.1秒左右,(据报道高速行驶汽车爆胎从开始爆胎到发生交通事故时间为2~3秒),本发明可有效避免汽车轮胎突然出现爆胎时失控跑偏造成人员伤亡及财产损失。 1. The car run-flat tire controller based on the electric steering of the present invention adopts the active blow-proof tire technology. When a tire blows out, the tire blowout alarm device is started immediately and the tire blowout display device displays the blown tire information. The ECU of the car run-flat tire controller The processor controls the motor steering control device, and the motor steering control device controls the steering system of the car to keep the car moving in the original driving direction after the tire blows out. Since the car's run-flat tire controller is electrically controlled, the reaction time is short, from the sudden tire burst to the car. The steering system performs the steering for about 0.1 seconds (it is reported that the time from the start of the puncture to the occurrence of the traffic accident is 2-3 seconds). Casualties and property damage. the
2. 本发明基于电动转向的汽车防爆胎控制器的电子元件选用高质量的工业级的芯片及控制电路,能有效保证控制器的使用寿命,可靠性高,不容易因失效影响正常使用。 2. The electronic components of the electric steering-based automobile run-flat tire controller of the present invention use high-quality industrial-grade chips and control circuits, which can effectively guarantee the service life of the controller, have high reliability, and are not likely to affect normal use due to failure. the
3. 本发明基于电动转向的汽车防爆胎控制器体积小、结构简单、安装使用方便、造价低,容易推广应用。 3. The electric steering-based automobile run-flat tire controller of the present invention is small in size, simple in structure, easy to install and use, low in cost, and easy to popularize and apply. the
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明基于电动转向的汽车防爆胎控制器作进一步的说明。 The electric steering-based automobile run-flat tire controller of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. the
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1是本发明基于电动转向的汽车防爆胎控制器的结构示意方框图。 Fig. 1 is the schematic block diagram of the structure of the automobile run-flat tire controller based on electric steering in the present invention. the
图2是本发明基于电动转向的汽车防爆胎控制器的控制流程图。 Fig. 2 is the control flowchart of the automobile run-flat tire controller based on electric steering in the present invention. the
图3-1至图3-12是本发明基于电动转向的汽车防爆胎控制器的控制原理图: Fig. 3-1 to Fig. 3-12 are the control schematic diagrams of the automobile run-flat tire controller based on electric steering in the present invention:
图3-1是上位机通讯电路原理图; Figure 3-1 is a schematic diagram of the upper computer communication circuit;
图3-2是方向盘转角等模拟量输入电路原理图; Figure 3-2 is a schematic diagram of the analog input circuit such as steering wheel angle;
图3-3是JTAG调试接口电路原理图; Figure 3-3 is a schematic diagram of the JTAG debugging interface circuit;
图3-4是数字信号输入电路原理图; Figure 3-4 is a schematic diagram of the digital signal input circuit;
图3-5是车速脉冲量输入电路原理图; Figure 3-5 is a schematic diagram of the vehicle speed pulse quantity input circuit;
图3-6是电源电路原理图; Figure 3-6 is a schematic diagram of the power circuit;
图3-7是辅助电路原理图; Figure 3-7 is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary circuit;
图3-8是处理器管脚连接原理图; Figure 3-8 is a schematic diagram of the processor pin connection;
图3-9是爆胎显示和报警驱动电路原理图; Figure 3-9 is a schematic diagram of a tire burst display and alarm driving circuit;
图3-10是爆胎汽车转向电机驱动电路原理图; Figure 3-10 is a schematic diagram of the steering motor drive circuit of a car with a flat tire;
图3-11是各个接口接线电路原理图; Figure 3-11 is a schematic diagram of each interface wiring circuit;
图3-12是模数转化标准参考电压和指示灯电路原理图。 Figure 3-12 is a schematic diagram of the analog-to-digital conversion standard reference voltage and indicator light circuit.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
如图1至图3-12所示,本发明基于电动转向的汽车防爆胎控制器(下面简称“汽车防爆胎控制器”),该汽车防爆胎控制器的硬件包括ECU处理器、数据采集部分、数据处理部分、爆胎显示部分、爆胎报警部分、电机转向控制部分、电源电路、上位通讯电路及故障诊断电路。 As shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 3-12, the automobile run-flat tire controller (hereinafter referred to as "automotive run-flat tire controller") based on the electric steering of the present invention, the hardware of the automobile run-flat tire controller includes ECU processor, data acquisition part , data processing part, tire burst display part, tire burst alarm part, motor steering control part, power supply circuit, host communication circuit and fault diagnosis circuit. the
数据采集部分的功能是采集转向横拉杆位移信号、方向盘转角信号、采集车速信号、爆胎压力检测信号,数据采集部分包括转向横拉杆位移传信号接收电路、方向盘转角信号接收电路、车速信号接收电路、爆胎压力检测信号接收电路,转向横拉杆位移传信号接收电路用于采集转向横拉杆位移传感器的信号,方向盘转角信号接收电路用于采集方向盘转角传感器的信号,车速信号接收电路用于采集车速传感器的信号,爆胎压力检测信号接收电路用于采集爆胎压力传感器的信号。数据处理部分包括转向横拉杆位移信号处理电路、方向盘转角信号处理电路、车速信号处理电路、爆胎压力检测信号处理电路,转向横拉杆位移信号接收电路与转向横拉杆位移信号处理电路连接,方向盘转角信号接收电路与方向盘转角信号处理电路连接,车速信号接收电路与车速信号处理电路连接,爆胎压力检测信号接收电路与爆胎压力检测信号处理电路连接。 The function of the data acquisition part is to collect the steering tie rod displacement signal, the steering wheel angle signal, the vehicle speed signal, and the tire blowout pressure detection signal. The data acquisition part includes the steering tie rod displacement transmission signal receiving circuit, the steering wheel angle signal receiving circuit, and the vehicle speed signal receiving circuit. , The tire blowout pressure detection signal receiving circuit, the steering tie rod displacement signal receiving circuit is used to collect the signal of the steering tie rod displacement sensor, the steering wheel angle signal receiving circuit is used to collect the signal of the steering wheel angle sensor, and the vehicle speed signal receiving circuit is used to collect the vehicle speed The signal of the sensor, the tire burst pressure detection signal receiving circuit is used to collect the signal of the tire burst pressure sensor. The data processing part includes steering tie rod displacement signal processing circuit, steering wheel angle signal processing circuit, vehicle speed signal processing circuit, tire blowout pressure detection signal processing circuit, steering tie rod displacement signal receiving circuit connected with steering tie rod displacement signal processing circuit, steering wheel angle The signal receiving circuit is connected with the steering wheel angle signal processing circuit, the vehicle speed signal receiving circuit is connected with the vehicle speed signal processing circuit, and the tire blowout pressure detection signal receiving circuit is connected with the tire blowout pressure detection signal processing circuit. the
爆胎显示部分包括爆胎显示电路及与爆胎显示电路连接的爆胎显示屏,爆胎报警部分包括爆胎报警驱动电路及与爆胎报警驱动电路连接的报警蜂鸣器,电机转向控制部分包括电机转向驱动电路及与电机转向驱动电路连接的转向控制电机。 The tire burst display part includes the tire burst display circuit and the tire burst display screen connected with the tire burst display circuit, the tire burst alarm part includes the tire burst alarm drive circuit and the alarm buzzer connected with the tire burst alarm drive circuit, and the motor steering control part It includes a motor steering drive circuit and a steering control motor connected with the motor steering drive circuit. the
转向横拉杆位移信号处理电路、方向盘转角信号处理电路、车速信号处理电路、爆胎压力检测信号处理电路、爆胎显示电路、爆胎报警驱动电路、电机转向驱动电路、电源电路、上位通讯电路及故障诊断电路分别与ECU处理器连接。 Steering tie rod displacement signal processing circuit, steering wheel angle signal processing circuit, vehicle speed signal processing circuit, tire blowout pressure detection signal processing circuit, tire blowout display circuit, tire blowout alarm drive circuit, motor steering drive circuit, power supply circuit, host communication circuit and The fault diagnosis circuit is respectively connected with the ECU processor. the
汽车防爆胎控制器的ECU处理器为ATmega128单片机,ATmega128单片机内自带的AD模块可分别处理转向横拉杆位移信号传感器和方向盘转角信号传感器输入的电信号,由于转向横拉杆位移传感器采集的信号是模拟信号,采集的信号质量和可靠性会直接影响爆胎汽车失稳后的方向控制的准确性,因此需要用ATmega128单片机自带的A/D模块对模拟信号进行采集,进而ATmega128单片机才能进行后续的滤波和控制运算,方向盘转角信号传感器采集的信号包括转向角大小、转向方向和转向速度信息,方向盘转角信号传感器的信号是数字输入信号,数字信号也需要滤波才能使测量结果的准确性提高。ATmega128单片机自带的A/D模块的模拟输入电路包括一个10位精度的A/D转换器和一个8通道的模拟选择开关,A/D模块的模的转换时间,最高采样频率为15kHz,以及工作电压范围,能够满足转向横拉杆位移信号传感器和方向盘转角信号传感器信号采集的要求。 The ECU processor of the automobile run-flat tire controller is the ATmega128 single-chip microcomputer. The AD module in the ATmega128 single-chip microcomputer can process the electrical signals input by the steering tie rod displacement signal sensor and the steering wheel angle signal sensor respectively. Since the signal collected by the steering tie rod displacement sensor is Analog signal, the quality and reliability of the collected signal will directly affect the accuracy of the directional control after the tire blows out, so it is necessary to use the A/D module that comes with the ATmega128 microcontroller to collect the analog signal, and then the ATmega128 microcontroller can carry out follow-up The signal collected by the steering wheel angle signal sensor includes steering angle, steering direction and steering speed information. The signal of the steering wheel angle signal sensor is a digital input signal. The digital signal also needs to be filtered to improve the accuracy of the measurement results. The analog input circuit of the A/D module of the ATmega128 microcontroller includes a 10-bit precision A/D converter and an 8-channel analog selection switch, the mode conversion time of the A/D module, the maximum sampling frequency is 15kHz, and The working voltage range can meet the signal acquisition requirements of the steering tie rod displacement signal sensor and the steering wheel angle signal sensor. the
电源电路的电压芯片选用LM2575T-5.0V电源芯片,一般汽车使用的电池电源为24V直流电源,由于ECU处理器处理器及本次使用的转向横拉杆位移传感器、方向盘转角传感器、车速传感器、爆胎压力检测传感器四个传感器需要5V直流电源供电,LM2575T-5.0V电源芯片刚好可以把24V的电压转化为5V电压,而且功率满足使用要求保证供电电源电压稳定,不会导致传感器和汽车防爆胎控制器输出的信号有很大的偏差,而且保证了控制的精度。 The voltage chip of the power circuit is LM2575T-5.0V power chip, and the battery power used in general cars is 24V DC power. The four sensors of the pressure detection sensor need a 5V DC power supply. The LM2575T-5.0V power supply chip can just convert the 24V voltage into a 5V voltage, and the power meets the requirements to ensure that the power supply voltage is stable and will not cause damage to the sensor and the car run-flat tire controller. The output signal has a large deviation, and the control accuracy is guaranteed. the
本发明选用的转向控制电机属于小功率直流电动机,但是ATmega128单片机还是不能直接驱动该直流电动机,转向控制电机的驱动采用全桥式斩波电路,全桥式斩波电路的工作过程是:4个场效应管D1、D4为一组,D2、D3为一组成对通过脉宽调制控制,并且D1、D4或D2、D3同时导通或关断属于互补的工作状态,也就是D1、D4导通时D2、D3关断,D2、D3导通时D1、D4关断,D1、D4 和D2、D3交替导通和关断, D1、D4导通D2、D3关断则电流从左向右通过转向控制电机,那么转向控制电机将正转,当D3、D2导通D1、D4关断则电流从右向左通过转向控制电机,那么转向控制电机将反转,因此采用全桥式斩波电路能使转向控制电机实现正转和反转。 The steering control motor selected by the present invention belongs to low-power DC motor, but the ATmega128 single-chip microcomputer still cannot directly drive this DC motor, and the driving of the steering control motor adopts a full-bridge chopper circuit, and the working process of the full-bridge chopper circuit is: 4 Field effect transistors D1 and D4 form a group, D2 and D3 form a pair and are controlled by pulse width modulation, and D1, D4 or D2 and D3 are turned on or off at the same time, which is a complementary working state, that is, D1 and D4 are turned on When D2 and D3 are turned off, D1 and D4 are turned off when D2 and D3 are turned on. D1, D4 and D2 and D3 are turned on and off alternately. When D1 and D4 are turned on and D2 and D3 are turned off, the current passes from left to right Steering control motor, then the steering control motor will rotate forward, when D3 and D2 are turned on and D1 and D4 are turned off, the current will pass through the steering control motor from right to left, then the steering control motor will reverse, so a full bridge chopper circuit is used It can make the steering control motor realize forward rotation and reverse rotation. the
ATmega128单片机具有两个USART串行接口。本发明采用USART1串口将其用于串行通信,该串口包括输入接收数据的RXD1端口和输出发送数据的TXD1端口,由于ATmega128单片机的USART1串口使用电压为TTL逻辑电平,通讯距离受限,远距离通讯的话信号衰减严重,因此选用RS232逻辑电平来提高远距离通讯能力,TTL逻辑电平和RS232逻辑电平的电平转换,有专门的电平转换芯片,在此选用MAXIM公司的MAX232芯片将ATmega128单片机USART1串口的TTL电平转换为适应远距离通讯的RS232逻辑电平,串口电路的接线方法是将串行口J1的5脚接地而且将上位机的发送数据端与ATmega128单片机的接收数据的RXD1端口相连以及将上位机的接收数据端与ATmega128单片机的发送数据的TXD1端口相连。 ATmega128 microcontroller has two USART serial interfaces. The present invention adopts USART1 serial port and uses it for serial communication, and this serial port includes the RXD1 port of inputting and receiving data and the TXD1 port of outputting and sending data, because the voltage of USART1 serial port of ATmega128 single-chip microcomputer is TTL logic level, communication distance is limited, far For distance communication, the signal attenuation is serious, so the RS232 logic level is selected to improve the long-distance communication capability. There is a special level conversion chip for the level conversion between TTL logic level and RS232 logic level. Here, the MAX232 chip of MAXIM company is selected to The TTL level of the USART1 serial port of the ATmega128 single-chip microcomputer is converted into the RS232 logic level suitable for long-distance communication. Connect the RXD1 port and connect the receiving data end of the upper computer with the TXD1 port of the ATmega128 microcontroller for sending data. the
为了防止汽车防爆胎控制器失效本发明增加故障诊断电路,故障诊断电路主要是出现故障后能进行显示和存储故障数据并且在进行故障检查时能通过接口将故障数据发送出来以供检测人员参考,节省故障排查时间。 In order to prevent the failure of the automobile run-flat tire controller, the present invention adds a fault diagnosis circuit. The fault diagnosis circuit is mainly capable of displaying and storing fault data after a fault occurs, and can send fault data through the interface during fault inspection for reference by testing personnel. Save time on troubleshooting. the
所述汽车防爆胎控制器的ECU处理器中设有用于控制上述汽车防爆胎控制器工作的控制程序,该控制程序包括以下模块:所述汽车防爆胎控制器的程序设计主要包括五个模块:信号采集模块、对定时器进行中断设置的模块、串口通讯模块、角度偏差计算模块、转向电机控制模块。 The ECU processor of described automobile run-flat controller is provided with the control program for controlling the work of above-mentioned automobile run-flat controller, and this control program includes following modules: the program design of described automobile run-flat controller mainly includes five modules: A signal acquisition module, a module for interrupt setting the timer, a serial communication module, an angle deviation calculation module, and a steering motor control module. the
信号采集模块,用于对转向横拉杆位移信号传感器及爆胎压力检测信号传感器采集的信号进行处理,信号采集模块控制Atmega128单片机对转向横拉杆位移信号传感器及爆胎压力检测信号传感器采集的信号进行模数转换和滤波处理。 The signal acquisition module is used to process the signals collected by the steering tie rod displacement signal sensor and the tire blowout pressure detection signal sensor. Analog-to-digital conversion and filtering processing. the
对定时器进行中断设置的模块,用来确定汽车防爆胎控制器采集各种传感器信号的频率,爆胎压力传感器的信号采用外部中断模式,当爆胎发生后,定时器中断设置模块程序初始化Atmega128单片机使用定时器T1中断来确定汽车防爆胎控制器采集转向横拉杆位移传感器和方向盘转角传感器信号的频率,设定每隔10ms定时器T1就产生中断,对转向横拉杆位移传感器及方向盘转角传感器信号的采集,同时也启动车速信号的采集。 The module for interrupt setting of the timer is used to determine the frequency of collecting various sensor signals by the automobile run-flat tire controller. The signal of the blown tire pressure sensor adopts the external interrupt mode. When the blown tire occurs, the timer interrupt setting module program initializes Atmega128 The microcontroller uses the timer T1 interrupt to determine the frequency at which the automobile tire controller collects the signals of the steering tie rod displacement sensor and the steering wheel angle sensor, and sets the timer T1 to generate an interrupt every 10ms. The acquisition of the vehicle speed signal is also started at the same time. the
串口通讯模块用于完成串口初始化、串口发送和串口接收功能,汽车防爆胎控制器与上位机之间采用中断方式接收数据和采用查询方式发送数据。 The serial port communication module is used to complete the serial port initialization, serial port sending and serial port receiving functions. The car run-flat tire controller and the upper computer use the interrupt method to receive data and use the query method to send data. the
角度偏差计算模块,根据转向横拉杆位移传感器的输入信号换算成转向角度大小计算出目标转向角度最后计算出转向电机所需要的控制电压,在汽车防爆胎控制器控制的过程中,角度偏差计算模块控制Atmega128单片机根据转向横拉杆位移信号传感器的输入信号以及它们之间的电压角度换算关系算出输入的转向目标角度和反馈的转向横拉杆位置之间的偏差。 The angle deviation calculation module converts the input signal of the steering tie rod displacement sensor into the steering angle to calculate the target steering angle and finally calculates the control voltage required by the steering motor. During the control process of the automobile run-flat tire controller, the angle deviation calculation module Control the Atmega128 microcontroller to calculate the deviation between the input steering target angle and the feedback steering tie rod position according to the input signal of the steering tie rod displacement signal sensor and the voltage angle conversion relationship between them. the
转向电机控制模块,用于在爆胎发生时自动控制转向控制电机进而控制汽车的转向系统达到保持汽车稳定性高的功能。ATmega128单片机具有2路PWM通道,要控制全桥式斩波电路的4个场效应管,采用双极式全桥斩波控制,通过调节直流电机的PWM占空比来使转向控制直流电机实现正反转和速度大小控制。 The steering motor control module is used to automatically control the steering control motor and then control the steering system of the car to maintain high stability of the car when a tire blowout occurs. The ATmega128 MCU has 2 PWM channels. To control the 4 FETs of the full-bridge chopper circuit, the bipolar full-bridge chopper control is adopted, and the steering control of the DC motor is realized by adjusting the PWM duty cycle of the DC motor. Reverse and speed size control. the
所述控制程序控制汽车防爆胎控制器工作包括以下步骤:1)通过爆胎压力检测信号传感器检测轮胎压力信号,由压力信号判断有无爆胎发生,若有爆胎发生再确定是哪一个或哪几个轮胎发生爆胎,保存爆胎信息为后续防爆胎控制提供参数;2) ECU处理器检测到爆胎信号后就启动爆胎报警装置并由爆胎显示装置显示爆胎信息,ECU处理器控制爆胎报警驱动电路驱动报警蜂鸣器发出报警声,同时,ECU处理器控制爆胎显示电路驱动爆胎显示屏显示爆胎信息,提示驾驶员某一轮胎发生爆胎,启动爆胎报警装置时,汽车防爆胎控制器控制刹车灯或后尾灯自动点亮,警示后面车辆驾驶员采取紧急安全措施防止发生追尾事故;3)通过车速信号传感器检测汽车行驶速度,判断车速是否高于安全车速,如果小于安全车速即退出控制,如果大于安全车速则通过爆胎汽车操纵动力学模型计算目标转向角,其中的爆胎汽车操纵动力学模型是: Described control program controls automobile run-flat tire controller work to comprise the following steps: 1) detects tire pressure signal by tire pressure detection signal sensor, judges by pressure signal whether blow-out occurs, if blow-out occurs and then determines which one or Which tires have a blowout, save the blowout information to provide parameters for subsequent blowout control; 2) After the ECU processor detects the blowout signal, it will activate the blowout alarm device and the blowout display device will display the blowout information, and the ECU will process it The device controls the tire blowout alarm drive circuit to drive the alarm buzzer to send out an alarm sound. At the same time, the ECU processor controls the tire blowout display circuit to drive the tire blowout display screen to display the tire blowout information, prompting the driver that a certain tire has a blowout, and starts the blowout alarm. When the device is installed, the car's run-flat tire controller controls the brake light or rear tail light to automatically light up, warning the driver of the vehicle behind to take emergency safety measures to prevent rear-end collision accidents; 3) detect the speed of the car through the speed signal sensor, and judge whether the speed is higher than the safe speed , if it is less than the safe vehicle speed, the control will be exited, and if it is greater than the safe vehicle speed, the target steering angle will be calculated by the vehicle handling dynamics model of the blown tire, where the vehicle handling dynamics model of the blown tire is:
(1-1) (1-1)
(1-2) (1-2)
该模型的两公式包含汽车侧向速度VY和横摆角速度 两个目标控制量, 为因爆胎引起的转向角, 为汽车前进速度,其余为汽车的自身结构参数包括质量车轮半径R,爆胎后车轮滚动半径r、车辆质量m、前轴到质心的距离a、后轴到质心的距离b、车轮之间的距离B、整车重心高度h、轮胎侧偏刚度KC、悬架的刚度为K、横摆转动惯量I,由于爆胎汽车操纵动力学模型是一个已知模型,在此不再详细描述其推理过程;4)通过方向盘转角信号传感器检测方向盘有无转向及方向盘转向方向(这里的转向方向是指左转还是右转)和转向角度大小,如果无转向信息则直接由电机转向控制装置控制汽车的转向系统转向而进入防爆胎控制,如果方向盘有转向,则检测方向盘的转向方向、转向角大小及转向速度信息为修正转向偏角提供修正参数,再由电机转向控制装置控制汽车的转向系统转向,当方向盘有输入转向信号时,以驾驶员输入的转向信号为高优先级,强制汽车的转向系统根据方向盘的输入的转向信号控制汽车的转向系统转向;5)通过采集转向横拉杆位移信号传感器的信息进行闭环控制。 The two formulas of the model include the vehicle lateral velocity V Y and the yaw rate Two target control quantities, is the steering angle caused by a blowout, is the forward speed of the car, and the rest are the structural parameters of the car itself, including the mass wheel radius R, the wheel rolling radius r after a tire blowout, the vehicle mass m, the distance a from the front axle to the center of mass, the distance b from the rear axle to the center of mass, and the distance between the wheels Distance B, vehicle center of gravity height h, tire cornering stiffness K C , suspension stiffness K, yaw moment of inertia I, since the vehicle handling dynamics model with a blown tire is a known model, it will not be described in detail here Reasoning process; 4) Use the steering wheel angle signal sensor to detect whether the steering wheel is turning or not, the steering direction of the steering wheel (the steering direction here refers to turning left or right) and the size of the steering angle. If there is no steering information, the motor steering control device will directly control the car The steering system turns to enter the run-flat tire control. If the steering wheel is turned, the steering direction, steering angle and steering speed information of the steering wheel are detected to provide correction parameters for correcting the steering deflection angle, and then the steering system of the car is controlled by the motor steering control device. , when the steering wheel has an input steering signal, the steering signal input by the driver is a high priority, and the steering system of the car is forced to control the steering system of the car according to the steering signal input from the steering wheel; 5) by collecting the steering tie rod displacement signal sensor information for closed-loop control.
在完成控制后,驾驶员通过按设置在汽车内的按钮取消报警或者汽车停驶后ATmega128单片机不再导通转向控制电机的离合器,使转向控制电机取消防爆胎转向控制,并且取消爆胎报警装置和爆胎显示装置的工作。 After the control is completed, the driver cancels the alarm by pressing the button set in the car or the ATmega128 single-chip microcomputer no longer conducts the clutch of the steering control motor after the car stops, so that the steering control motor cancels the steering control of the run-flat tire and cancels the blow-out alarm device And the work of the flat tire display device. the
上述实施例仅是本发明的最佳实施方式,本发明并不限于上述实施例的形式,只要在本发明范围内做的变换均属于本发明的范畴。 The above-mentioned embodiment is only the best implementation mode of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the form of the above-mentioned embodiment, as long as the transformation done within the scope of the present invention belongs to the category of the present invention. the
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 201110177244 CN102303490B (en) | 2011-06-28 | 2011-06-28 | Automobile tire burst prevention controller on basis of electrical power steering |
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| CN 201110177244 CN102303490B (en) | 2011-06-28 | 2011-06-28 | Automobile tire burst prevention controller on basis of electrical power steering |
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| CN102303490B true CN102303490B (en) | 2013-04-24 |
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Families Citing this family (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102717671B (en) * | 2012-07-10 | 2014-09-10 | 江苏科技大学 | Vehicle tyre burst detection emergency method |
| CN102910201B (en) * | 2012-10-26 | 2015-06-24 | 广西工学院 | Steering-based automobile flat tire prevention control system |
| CN102963420A (en) * | 2012-12-06 | 2013-03-13 | 李良杰 | Automatic direction correcting and braking system for tire burst |
| CN104118284B (en) | 2014-08-07 | 2016-08-24 | 深圳市元征科技股份有限公司 | Tyre Pressure Monitoring System and method |
| CN104709006B (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2017-04-26 | 浙江吉利汽车研究院有限公司 | Vehicle tire burst controlling device and controlling method thereof |
| CN106143003B (en) * | 2015-04-16 | 2018-08-21 | 联创汽车电子有限公司 | The tire pressure monitoring system and its implementation of automatic adjustment |
| CN106427416B (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2018-04-20 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Tire pressure detection method, system and the vehicle of vehicle |
| CN108528522A (en) * | 2017-03-06 | 2018-09-14 | 重庆邮电大学 | A kind of active safety control method after vehicle flat tire |
| CN107323182A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-11-07 | 九江学院 | A kind of automobile tire burst prevention intelligence system |
| CN108638763A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-10-12 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of vapour proof overall height temperature is blown out unstability regulating device and method |
| JP7223526B2 (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2023-02-16 | 株式会社小松製作所 | work vehicle |
| CN109515078B (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2021-03-23 | 陕西理工大学 | A self-adjusting automobile explosion-proof safety wheel and its safety system |
| CN110244625A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-09-17 | 一汽解放汽车有限公司 | A kind of signal measurement method based on electronic control unit |
| CN111731045A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-10-02 | 张俊华 | Automatic spare tire replacement device, control system and method |
| CN114056418B (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2023-04-18 | 耐世特汽车系统(苏州)有限公司 | Vehicle steering control method, system, device and storage medium |
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| CN102303490A (en) | 2012-01-04 |
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