CN102299689B - High-efficiency double-frequency power amplifier design method based on envelop following technology - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a high-efficiency double-frequency power amplifier design method based on envelop following technology. In the method provided by the invention, the envelop following technology and Doherty technology are applied simultaneously, thus the power amplification efficiency can be further improved; simultaneously, as the envelop following technology is irrelevant to the frequency of a specific carrier wave, thus the method is suitable for a multi-frequency concurrent system; and the envelop following technology can be combined with a digital predistortion technology for use, thus the linearity of power amplification is promoted while the efficiency is improved; and in addition, the envelop following can be realized more simply, modules are independent, and the same structure can be suitable for various power amplifier modules.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Designing power amplifier technical field of wireless communication technology, particularly relate to a kind of method for designing of the high-efficiency double-frequency power amplifier based on envelop following technology.
Background technology
In contemporary wireless communication system, the energy consumption of system is the index receiving much concern.And radio-frequency power amplifier is the core of wireless base station, its efficiency is the decisive factor that affects base station efficiency.And various wireless communication technical standard and modulating mode make signal have higher power PAR (PAPR).For example the peak-to-average force ratio of WCDMA single carrier primary signal is about 10.2dB, and TD-SCDMA is about 12dB, and OFDM can produce larger peak-to-average force ratio.Amplify non-constant enveloped modulation signal for linearity, generally adopt back-off to make the output distortion of category-A or AB power-like amplifier be reduced to the scope of being allowed to.But for high peak-to-average force ratio signal, back-off has seriously reduced efficiency power amplifier., in Designing power amplifier, inevitably there is the compromise between the linearity and efficiency.Therefore, pursue high efficiency and keep the linearity to become two focuses of current power amplifier research.
The technology of common raising power amplification efficiency has switching mode (E class) amplifier technology, Doherty technology, LINC technology, and envelop following technology (Envelope Tracking).
The drain efficiency of power amplifier can be obtained by following formula:
In formula,
it is fundamental frequency power output; P
0=I
0v
dcit is direct current power; I
1, V
1be respectively output fundamental voltage current amplitude.I
0for direct current, V
dcfor direct current (DC) bias.When power amplifier working point scope is selected, angle of flow substantially constant,
be constant.The efficiency eta of drain electrode just only and V
1with V
dcratio relevant, if improve drain efficiency, what will make so that this ratio tries one's best is large, and as far as possible constant.And power added efficiency:
So power added efficiency and drain efficiency are directly proportional.
Envelop following technology is that while utilizing amplifier to be operated in saturation condition, the best principle of efficiency realizes, basic thought decides amplifier supply power voltage according to input radio frequency signal envelope amplitude size exactly: in the time of parcel network, adopt low voltage power supply, voltage is done suitably to regulate along with envelope amplitude increases, thereby amplifier in the time that inputting, different capacity can be worked and the zone of saturation of this corresponding supply power voltage, reduce power loss, reach high efficiency.
A few thing pattern can reach very high drain efficiency as E class, F class power amplifier, and perfect condition is issued to 100% drain efficiency, poor but the shortcoming of this class power amplifier is the linearity.The power amplifier of Doherty structure has higher efficiency (with respect to class ab ammplifier) and the better linearity (with respect to C class A amplifier A) concurrently, has been widely used at present in the middle of radio communication base station.But due to its design feature, bandwidth is restricted, cannot meet the requirement of broadband system.
Therefore, need the urgent technical problem solving of those skilled in the art to be exactly: the defect that the proposition how can innovate has a kind of effective measures to exist to overcome prior art, meets the demand of practical application.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of method for designing of the high-efficiency double-frequency power amplifier based on envelop following technology, designed power amplifier is realized the further raising of double frequency Doherty power amplification efficiency by envelop following technology, can realize at the power amplifier being applicable in the final stage radio frequency output of mobile communication base station, efficiency is high, can realize the concurrent work of double frequency simultaneously.
In order to address the above problem, the invention discloses a kind of method for designing of the high-efficiency double-frequency power amplifier based on envelop following technology, comprising:
Raw digital signal is divided into two-way output, and a road is envelope signal, and another road is the primary signal through time delay, and two-way output is analog signal through digital-to-analogue conversion respectively;
Envelope signal provides bias voltage through linear voltage amplifier for Doherty power amplifier drains;
High voltage side current detecting amplifier detects the output current of linear voltage amplifier, and by output voltage control voltage-controlled current source, provides electric current with current source for Doherty power amplifier drain bias end;
By the direct current biasing end of Doherty power amplifier concurrent the output signal input double frequency of envelope amplifier, by the input of the primary signal input Doherty power amplifier through time delay, amplified by Doherty power amplifier simultaneously;
By the output signal of the Doherty power amplifier DSP that is coupled back, signal and primary signal after sampling compare, and determine time delay length;
Wherein, described envelope amplifier comprises linear segment, non-linear partial, detection resistance and hysteresis comparator.Described linear segment comprises operational amplifier and AB class push-pull output stage, and described non-linear partial comprises PMOS switching tube, diode and inductance.
Preferably, carry out relevantly to input and output sequence, the delay value of getting coefficient correlation maximum carries out time delay.
Preferably, the representative value of time delay is 10ns.
Preferably, while amplification by Doherty power amplifier, transistor used is depended in its gain.
Preferably, be Cree24010 when using transistorized model, operating voltage 1dB compression point power output under 48V can reach 42dBm.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
The invention provides a kind of method for designing of the high-efficiency double-frequency power amplifier based on envelop following technology, envelop following technology and Doherty technology are acted on simultaneously, power amplification efficiency further can be improved, simultaneously due to envelop following technology and the frequency-independent of concrete carrier wave, go for multifrequency concurrent system, and envelop following technology can be combined with digital pre-distortion technology, in raising the efficiency, promote the linearity of power amplifier, in addition, envelope-tracking implements comparatively simple, module is independent, same structure goes for multiple power amplifier module.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the method for designing schematic diagram of a kind of high-efficiency double-frequency power amplifier based on envelop following technology described in the specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the high-efficiency double-frequency Doherty power amplifier structure schematic diagram based on envelop following technology described in the specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the envelope amplifier function modular structure schematic diagram described in the specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the envelope amplifier circuit block diagram described in the specific embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the envelope efficiency of amplitude described in the specific embodiment of the invention and load resistance graph of a relation;
Fig. 6 is output signal signal contrast figure with primary signal and after directly amplifying on frequency domain of the high-efficiency double-frequency/multifrequency Doherty power amplifier based on envelop following technology described in the specific embodiment of the invention; Wherein, Fig. 6 a is that carrier frequency is the signal of 960MHz, and Fig. 6 b is that carrier frequency is the signal of 2GHz.
Embodiment
For above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage can be become apparent more, below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
The general principle of Doherty circuit is that the average portion of input signal and peak value part are separately amplified, then synthetic, thereby obtains high efficiency.Due to the active load pulling figure of Doherty structure, make power amplifier in the scope of certain back-off, to ensure greater efficiency, meet the amplification demand of different peak-to-average force ratio modulation signals.Envelop following technology combines with Doherty power amplifier, can realize high efficiency, high Linear Power Amplifier.Be applicable to the power amplifier in the output of mobile communication base station final stage radio frequency, power output and signal bandwidth all more traditional envelope-tracking amplifier have higher index.This output voltage and speed to the envelope amplifier that amplifies envelope signal is had higher requirement, and in meeting these requirements, also will ensure that envelope amplifier has higher efficiency, to ensure the efficiency of overall power amplifier.In addition, due in order to realize envelope-tracking, envelope signal and primary signal are input to DC terminal and the signal end of power amplifier simultaneously, need to complete the time unifying of two paths of signals.
With reference to Fig. 1, show the method for designing schematic diagram of a kind of high-efficiency double-frequency power amplifier based on envelop following technology of the present invention, described method specifically comprises:
Step S101, is divided into two-way output by raw digital signal, and a road is envelope signal, and another road is the primary signal through time delay, and two-way output is analog signal through digital-to-analogue conversion respectively;
Step S102, envelope signal provides bias voltage through linear voltage amplifier for power amplifier drains;
Step S103, high voltage side current detecting amplifier detects the output current of linear voltage amplifier, and by output voltage control voltage-controlled current source, provides electric current with current source for power amplifier drain bias end;
Step S104 by the direct current biasing end of Doherty power amplifier concurrent the output signal input double frequency of envelope amplifier, by the input of the primary signal input power amplifier through time delay, is amplified by power amplifier simultaneously;
Step S105, by the output signal of the power amplifier DSP that is coupled back, signal and primary signal after sampling compare, and determine time delay length.
Wherein, carry out relevantly to input and output sequence, the delay value of getting coefficient correlation maximum carries out time delay.The representative value of time delay is 10ns.
When power amplifier is amplified, transistor used is depended in its gain.
Be Cree24010 when using transistorized model, operating voltage 1dB compression point power output under 48V can reach 42dBm.
With reference to Fig. 2, first, need to determine the high-efficiency double-frequency Doherty power amplifier structure based on envelop following technology.The high efficiency power amplifier structure based on envelop following technology that the present invention proposes.Be divided into generally four parts: DSP digital processing, envelope amplifier, the concurrent Doherty power amplifier of double frequency/multifrequency and voltage Coupled Feedback loop.
DSP digital signal processing module is processed numeric field signal I/Q data, output envelope
i/Q data are carried out to time delay Δ t, Δ t can obtain by precondition here simultaneously, the baseband I/Q signal of power amplifier is done to multiple correlation and carry out synchronous input and output data, and getting the highest relevant time delay is Δ t.Meanwhile, can carry out suitable pre-distortion to I/Q data for concrete power amplifier.
Then, determine envelope amplifier architecture.Envelope amplifier of the present invention adopts the structure of linear auxiliary switching mode voltage changer, is made up of, with reference to Fig. 3 wide-band linearity part (but efficiency is lower) and narrowband switch part (high efficiency).Linear segment and switch sections are by detecting resistance R
sensecouple together, between each several part current/voltage, have following relation:
If i
rload→ 0, i
sw→ V
s/ R
load, mean that in load, voltage is synchronizeed with voltage source, and current source provides nearly all power.
The power that such structure is intended to realize between linear segment and switch sections separates, and takes into account high efficiency and broadband simultaneously.For the baseband signal of WiMAX, 99% envelope signal concentration of energy is below 8MHz, so the bandwidth of envelope amplifier need to reach at least 80MHz, to meet the demand of power amplifier for the linearity.
With reference to Fig. 4, provide the cardinal principle circuit block diagram of envelope amplifier.
Linear segment completes voltage amplification by operational amplifier and AB class push-pull output stage, and the common mode output voltage of push-pull output stage need to regulate according to the peak DC bias voltage of the PAPR of input signal and power amplifier.The voltage stability of linear segment is strong, can provide stable envelope to amplify voltage, is equivalent to voltage source;
Linear segment can amplify voltage, but because the amplifier and the push-pull output stage output current that use are limited, and efficiency is lower, and the drain electrode that is difficult to power amplifier provides enough large power.Non-linear partial efficiency is higher, mainly provides power to power amplifier drain electrode, and it is made up of PMOS switching tube, diode and inductance.By the resistance R of a detection sense of current
sensedetect linear segment output current size, control switch with hysteresis comparator.In the time that linear segment output current is larger, comparator output low level, switching pmos conducting, now diode cathode voltage is V
dD, diode is closed, and switch is powered to drain bias; When linear segment output current is less or when reverse, comparator output high level, switching pmos is closed, and due to the existence of inductance, need to keep electric current that saltus step does not occur, and now diode current flow, powers to drain bias.Work as i
linear* R
sensewhen <h, V
d=0; Work as i
linear* R
sensewhen >h, V
d=V
sS; All the other situation V
dconstant.
Adjust parameter, complete envelope amplifier, implementation efficiency, with reference to Fig. 5, can reach 71%.
The digital pre-distortion algorithm of design based on DSP, reduces the non-linear of power amplifier, improves the gain causing because of envelope-tracking simultaneously and reduces.Synchronous envelope signal employing is done multiple correlation by the baseband signal of power amplifier and is carried out.
With reference to Fig. 6 a-6b, illustrate that the different WiMAX signal of two-way is as baseband signal, modulate with carrier frequency 960MHz and 2000MHz respectively, using two paths of signals during simultaneously as input signal, through using the power amplifier of envelop following technology to amplify and the output signal of directly amplification and the contrast of primary signal, blue curve is the original signal spectrum of input, red curve is direct through power amplifier module amplifying signal frequency spectrum, and black curve is the power amplifier amplifying signal frequency spectrum through using envelop following technology.Can find out that, in having improved efficiency, the deterioration of the linearity is less, within the scope of acceptable.
High-efficiency double-frequency/multifrequency Doherty power amplifier based on envelop following technology of the present invention has used envelop following technology as the design basis that improves double frequency/multifrequency Doherty efficiency power amplifier.Envelop following technology amplifies input signal envelope, as drain bias, can realize power tube under low input power and be operated in saturation condition, and then improve drain efficiency.High-efficiency double-frequency/multifrequency Doherty power amplifier structure based on envelop following technology of the present invention is clear, realizes simply, can effectively improve drain electrode added efficiency, and not affect the linearity.
Method for designing to a kind of high-efficiency double-frequency power amplifier based on envelop following technology provided by the present invention above, be described in detail, applied specific case herein principle of the present invention and execution mode are set forth, the explanation of above embodiment is just for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof; , for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to thought of the present invention, all will change in specific embodiments and applications, in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention meanwhile.
Claims (4)
1. a method for designing for the high-efficiency double-frequency power amplifier based on envelop following technology, is characterized in that, comprising:
Raw digital signal is divided into two-way output, and a road is envelope signal, and another road is the primary signal through time delay, and two-way output is analog signal through digital-to-analogue conversion respectively;
Envelope signal provides bias voltage through linear voltage amplifier for Doherty power amplifier drains;
High voltage side current detecting amplifier detects the output current of linear voltage amplifier, and by output voltage control voltage-controlled current source, provides electric current with current source for Doherty power amplifier drain bias end;
By the direct current biasing end of Doherty power amplifier concurrent the output signal input double frequency of linear voltage amplifier, by the input of the primary signal input Doherty power amplifier through time delay, amplified by Doherty power amplifier simultaneously;
By the output signal of the Doherty power amplifier DSP that is coupled back, signal and primary signal after sampling compare, and determine time delay length;
Wherein, described linear voltage amplifier comprises linear segment, non-linear partial, detection resistance and hysteresis comparator, and described linear segment comprises operational amplifier and AB class push-pull output stage, and described non-linear partial comprises PMOS switching tube, diode and inductance.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that:
Carry out relevantly to input and output sequence, the delay value of getting coefficient correlation maximum carries out time delay.
3. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that:
While amplification by Doherty power amplifier, transistor used is depended in its gain.
4. method as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that:
Be Cree24010 when using transistorized model, operating voltage 1dB compression point power output under 48V can reach 42dBm.
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| CN104716913A (en) * | 2015-04-07 | 2015-06-17 | 清华大学 | Load modulation power amplifier |
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| GB2498391B (en) | 2012-01-16 | 2018-11-21 | Snaptrack Inc | Pre-distortion in RF path in combination with shaping table in envelope path for envelope tracking amplifier |
| CN103518322B (en) * | 2013-03-26 | 2017-05-31 | 华为技术有限公司 | Digital envelope amplifying circuit, method and envelope tracking power amplifier |
| CN103944623B (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2017-04-05 | 清华大学 | A kind of active load modulation transmitter based on Space Coupling |
| ES2710661T3 (en) | 2014-08-11 | 2019-04-26 | Huawei Tech Co Ltd | Power amplifier, remote radio unit and base station |
| CN106033953B (en) * | 2015-03-09 | 2018-12-25 | 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所 | Envelope-tracking amplifier and amplifying circuit with the envelope-tracking amplifier |
| WO2016191984A1 (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2016-12-08 | 华为技术有限公司 | Radio frequency power amplifier and radio frequency power amplification method |
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| CN105811893B (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2019-05-21 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of circuit structure of envelope-tracking radio-frequency power amplifier |
| CN106026939B (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2018-12-04 | 深圳市蓝狮微电子有限公司 | A kind of device improving linearity of radio-frequency power amplifier |
| CN106169985B (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2020-05-22 | 上海交通大学 | Envelope tracking amplifier digital predistortion method based on improved model |
| CN109286375B (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2021-03-02 | 陕西亚成微电子股份有限公司 | Power supply for envelope tracking |
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