CN102292019B - Optical examination device adapted to be at least partially inserted into a turbid medium - Google Patents
Optical examination device adapted to be at least partially inserted into a turbid medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN102292019B CN102292019B CN201080005052.8A CN201080005052A CN102292019B CN 102292019 B CN102292019 B CN 102292019B CN 201080005052 A CN201080005052 A CN 201080005052A CN 102292019 B CN102292019 B CN 102292019B
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- A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
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- A61B5/0082—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence adapted for particular medical purposes
- A61B5/0084—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence adapted for particular medical purposes for introduction into the body, e.g. by catheters
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Abstract
An optical examination device (10) adapted to be at least partially inserted into a turbid medium is provided. The optical examination device comprises a shaft portion (21) adapted to be inserted into the turbid medium, the shaft portion (21) comprises a tip portion (22) adapted to be the foremost portion during insertion into the turbid medium. At least one light source device adapted to emit abeam (11) of broad-band light is provided in the region of the tip portion (21). The beam (11) of broad-band light comprises different wavelength bands (2a, 2b,..., 2n) which are differently modulated. At least one photodetector (27a, 27b, 27c) for detecting broad-band light is provided in a region adapted to be inserted into the turbid medium of the shaft portion (21).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to be configured to be inserted at least in part the optical detection device in turbid medium.
Background technology
In the application's context, term light is interpreted as meaning unionized electromagnetic radiation, the particularly wavelength scope between 400nm and 1400nm.The device that term photodetector means to receive incident illumination and exports the signal of telecommunication corresponding with received light as response.Term turbid medium is interpreted as meaning the material consisting of the material with high light-scattering system, such as for example refined lecithin solution or biological tissue.
In many medical environments, biopsy is for confirming the unique method of medical diagnosis.Puncture biopsy (needle biopsy) is known fine needle aspiration cytology (fine needle aspiration cytology, FNAC), (the fine needle aspiration biopsy of fine needle aspiration biopsy, FNAB) or fine needle aspiration (fine needle aspiration, FNA).Adopt this aspiration biopsy to extract a small amount of tissue from the turbid medium being formed by body of mammals, in vitro the tissue extracting further being analyzed, for example by pathologist under the microscope, body of mammals is the person or animal bodies.Pin aspirates biopsy continually, under other, for checking female breast, prostate, lung, thyroid and bone.Compare with surgical biopsies, pin suction biopsy is more not invasive, more not expensive, more not consuming time, and is exactly to be subject to bioptic patient to have shorter recovery time in addition.For example, in the U.S., approximately 1,000,000 aspiration biopsies have been carried out every year to carry out breast cancer diagnosis.
Nowadays, carry out from the inner biopsy that gathers tissue samples of body of mammals, there is no the feedback from biopsy needle (biopsy needle).As a result, doctor lacks the molecular information about micro structure and direct tissue before needle point.As a result, the position of the tissue regions of sampling with respect to expectation about needle point, it is often uncertain.
In order to overcome this problem, when the directly feedback less than from biopsy needle, the various imaging form of known employing is assisted and is carried out pin location.This imaging form comprises x-ray imaging, MRI(nuclear magnetic resonance) and ultra sonic imaging.Meanwhile, these forms can provide the useful information about the absolute position of biopsy needle, often can not obtain needed relevant biopsy needle with respect to the information of the relative position of tissue (its be allow especially people interested).The resolution realizing is often not enough to for identifying little pathology block (mass).In addition,, for distinguishing between optimum and malignant tissue, the imaging form applying often demonstrates not enough soft tissue contrast.Another FAQs is that the imaging form applying often provides not enough contrast for the little blood vessel in the path of identification biopsy needle or nerve.
Due to these shortcomings, in many cases, blood vessel or nerve are not inadvertently pierced through during aspiration biopsy.Biopsy needle piercing blood vessel is harmful to patient, because can cause inner hemorrhage.In addition, piercing through nerve also may be harmful especially to patient.Based on this, not only obtain about the tissue before most advanced and sophisticated chamfered portion (, utilize the region of the tissue that biopsy needle can extract) information be important, and obtain about the tissue before the forefront of needle point (, if biopsy needle further moves forward, tissue will be pierced) information be also important.
Existence provides the probability of direct feedback from biopsy needle via optical fiber.For example, can provide the information about the tissue around needle point with optical fiber.Known can be according to organizing optical absorption spectra separately they to be distinguished to (comparative example is as Zonios etc. " Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy of human adenomatous colon polyps in vivo ", Appl.Opt.38(31), 1999,6628-6637).Particularly, the hemoglobin being present in blood provides the optical signalling of claiming.
Based on above-mentioned, at the side of biopsy needle, surveying light will be favourable.For example, this will allow that near the light to having advanced the pointed tip of biopsy needle carries out sensing, and this tip starts and arrives shank (shaft) from the inclined-plane side of needle point.Via optical fiber, photoconduction being caused to the most advanced and sophisticated of biopsy needle and emit light into the tissue before the pointed tip of biopsy needle, is possible in principle.In addition, by means of one or more other optical fiber, collect the light of scattering in the tissue regions before the tip of biopsy needle, the end of described optical fiber is arranged in the region of bar of biopsy needle.Optical fiber for example can be integrated in the bar of biopsy needle.Yet this system comprises following shortcoming: collect the required multimode fibre of scattered light and be typically included in the numerical aperture in 0.2 scope.This causes only can collecting a small amount of lip-deep light of optical fiber connector that is incident on.In addition the structure and the manufacture that, comprise the biopsy needle of a plurality of optical fiber are expensive.In order to utilize this system to carry out spectroscopy, in the scattered light of each detecting location forming for the end obtaining by each optical fiber, the distribution of different wave lengths or wavelength band in a large number, must analyze by being specially adapted to the spectrometer of small intensity the light of collection.In the case, the frequency spectrum of different detector positions obtains the time that needs a great deal of.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide and be configured to be inserted at least partly the optical detection device in turbid medium, this device is allowed at lower cost and data acquisition time of reducing is carried out more reliable spectrum analysis to being positioned at the region of the turbid medium before tip portion.
By the optical detection device that is configured to be inserted at least in part in turbid medium according to claim 1, realized this object.This optical detection device comprises the bar portion that is configured to be inserted in described turbid medium.Described bar portion comprises point, is forefront during described point is configured in being inserted into described turbid medium.At least one light supply apparatus that is configured to launch the light beam of broadband light be arranged on described bar portion be configured to be inserted in the region in described turbid medium.The light beam of described broadband light comprises the different wave length band that is subject to different modulating.For at least one photodetector of surveying broadband light be arranged on described bar portion be configured to be inserted in the region of described turbid medium.Described optical detection device also comprises separates mediation analytic unit, and the signal that described solution mediation analytic unit is configured to receiving from described at least one photodetector is carried out spectrum analysis.Because optical detection device described bar portion be configured to be inserted into the region in turbid medium in be provided with at least one light source, so the light beam of broadband light can be launched and be scattered towards the interested region of turbid medium reliably, the in the situation that of medical application, all tissues that is positioned in this way ad-hoc location in interested region.Because the light beam of broadband light comprises the different wave length band that is subject to different modulating, so can utilize simple photodetector to obtain a minute optical information in conjunction with demodulating unit.Demodulating unit can be realized as compact electronic circuit, or can realize with the software on the processor being applicable to.Thereby, without complicated and expensive spectrometer.In this environment, comprise that the broadband light of different wave length band means to have a large amount of wavelength bands of continuous wavelength frequency spectrum at least one wavelength band.Broadband means to contain the wavelength of wide region.Can with different frequency and/or time ordered pair a plurality of wavelength bands modulate.Because at least one photodetector is set in the region that is configured to be inserted in turbid medium, so can utilize described at least one photodetector at the inner direct detection scattered light of turbid medium.Thereby scattered light needn't be coupled in optical fiber, it is that only little numerical aperture can be used that scattered light is coupled to the problem causing in optical fiber.In addition, in the situation that a plurality of detecting location is set, replace the additional optical fiber that is used for each detector position (if scattered light need to be directed to the spectrometer being positioned at such as the turbid medium outside of body of mammals, it will need), the electrical connection of only need to be from photodetector to turbid medium outside (for example outside to body of mammals).This and sizable cost reduce to accompany and cause more uncomplicated system.Particularly, at least one photodetector (or a plurality of photodetector) can be arranged in the lateral side regions of bar portion.In the situation that described solution is in harmonious proportion the signal that analytic unit is configured to receiving from described at least one photodetector and carries out spectrum analysis, the information for the distributional analysis of different wave length band about the region of the turbid medium before point.As a result, can obtain reliably about the scattering nature in this region of turbid medium and/or the information of chromophore concentration.
If at least one photodetector is electrically connected to the part that is configured to remain on turbid medium outside of optical detection device, can be in turbid medium outside easily analysis package be contained in from minute optical information in the signal of described at least one photodetector.Diverse location in bar portion arranges under the preferable case of a plurality of photodetectors, and all these photodetectors can preferably be electrically connected to turbid medium outside.
According to an aspect, described at least one photodetector is photodiode.Can manufacture easily photodetector with High detect efficiency and low cost.In addition, they can be realized in very compact mode, it is possible making to be integrated in bar portion, being arranged in compactly on the inner or outer surface of bar portion or being arranged in compactly (in the situation that of biopsy needle, such as being mandrin) on the core parts in the hollow passageway that is placed on bar portion the inside.
According on the one hand, described bar portion is provided with a plurality of photodetectors, and described a plurality of photodetectors are arranged in diverse location with respect to described bar portion.In the case, can obtain minute optical information being included in scattered light in different spatial.As a result, for example, to being positioned at the character in the region of mixing up medium (tissue) before point, carry out the spatial discrimination possibility that becomes.
According to one side, described solution mediation analytic unit is configured to the signal from a plurality of photodetectors to carry out spectrum analysis, and additionally utilizes the information about the relevant position of described a plurality of photodetectors.In the case, a minute optical information for spatial discrimination becomes available, and this allows the image in the region before two dimension or the 3-D view, particularly point in interested region of turbid medium.
According on the one hand, described solution is in harmonious proportion analytic unit and is configured to rebuild the multidimensional image in the interested region of described turbid medium, for example, be positioned at the image in the region before point.In the case, the information of obtaining in visual this region about turbid medium easily.Image can be for example two dimension or 3-D view.Yet, also can realize the four-dimension or higher-dimension image more, for example, by representing fourth dimension with colour code.Image can for example represent the distribution of one or more chromophoric spatial discriminations or represent to absorb and/or scattering coefficient in the mode of spatial discrimination.
According on the one hand, described bar portion forms at least a portion of biopsy needle.In the case, can prevent the non-tissue that should not be pierced that pierces through wittingly, such as nerve or blood vessel.In alternative, bar portion forms at least a portion of conduit or at least a portion of endoscope.
According to one side, described at least one light supply apparatus is formed by the end that is connected to the light guide structure of photogenerated unit, and described photogenerated unit is configured to provide the light beam of described broadband light.In the case, can outside at turbid medium (for example outside in body of mammals) generate the light beam of the broadband light of encoding on frequency spectrum ground and via light guide structure, it is directed to point easily.Thereby, can with done with high accuracy frequency spectrum the generation of light beam of the broadband light of encoding.Light guide structure can for example be arranged in the material of bar portion or be arranged in core parts, and described core parts are configured to be placed in the hollow passageway of described bar portion the inside (in the situation that of biopsy needle, all mandrin in this way).For example, light guide structure can be formed by photoconduction primed fiber (optical fiber).
According on the one hand, described at least one photodetector is embedded in the material of described bar portion, preferably, makes it outstanding from bar portion.In the case, provide at least one photodetector can not affect negatively bar portion is inserted in turbid medium, if turbid medium is formed by the body of mammals of living, this is correlated with especially.
According to one side, described optical detection device is configured to the high frequency modulated in frequency range more than 50MHz to put on the light beam of described broadband light.Except the specific modulation for different wave length band, this high frequency modulated puts on light beam.Can utilize high frequency modulated from the additional optical property of the tissue extraction before tip, such as optical scattering coefficient or fluorescence lifetime coefficient (in the situation that utilizing natural fluorescence or contrast medium fluorescence).
According to an aspect, described optical detection device is to be configured to be inserted at least in part the medical apparatus in body of mammals.In the case, bar portion is configured to be inserted in body of mammals, and at least one photodetector be arranged in bar portion be configured to be inserted in the region in body of mammals.
If described at least one light supply apparatus is arranged in the region of described point, the light beam of broadband light can be reliably towards the region transmitting and the scattering therein that are arranged in the turbid medium before front tip, turbid medium the in the situation that of medical application such as being tissue.
Accompanying drawing explanation
According to the detailed description of the embodiment with reference to accompanying drawing, further feature and advantage of the present invention will manifest.
Fig. 1 has schematically used according to the optical detection device of the first embodiment;
Fig. 2 schematically shows the forefront of the bar portion of optical detection device;
Fig. 3 schematically shows the bar portion of the Fig. 2 that is inserted with core parts;
Fig. 4 schematically shows photogenerated unit.
The specific embodiment
Now with reference to Fig. 1 to 4, embodiments of the invention are described.Optical detection device 10 comprises the parts 20 that are configured to be inserted in turbid medium.The optical test device 10 of describing with reference to the accompanying drawing as exemplary embodiment is formed by medical apparatus, and in the case, parts 20 are configured to be inserted into (being human or animal's health) in body of mammals.In the case, turbid medium is formed by body of mammals.In the exemplary embodiment of describing with reference to the accompanying drawings, parts 20 are formed by biopsy needle.Parts 20 have the bar portion 21 that comprises point 22.During being inserted into turbid medium, point 22 forms the forefront of bar portion 21.Bar portion 21 has tubular form and comprises inclined plane shape in the region of point 22, and this tubular form has almost circular cross section.Bar portion 21 is provided with hollow passageway 30, and in the example of the description of biopsy needle, this hollow passageway is for extracting tissue samples from body of mammals.Bar portion 21 is configured so that hollow passageway 30 can be by core parts 31 fillings that can be arranged in hollow passageway 30.Once point 22 is positioned at the position that will obtain tissue samples, core parts 31 just can be regained (retract) liquid from hollow passageway 30.In the situation of the description of biopsy needle, core parts are formed by mandrin.
Fig. 2 shows the bar portion 21 of not placing core parts 31 in hollow passageway 30.Fig. 3 shows the bar portion 21 that is inserted with core parts 31.Parts 20 are connected to following by the photogenerated unit 80 being explained in more detail.Photogenerated unit 80 provides the light beam 11 of broadband light, and this light beam 11 comprises the different wave length band that is subject to different modulating.In exemplary embodiment, via light guide structure 23, bundle 11 is directed to point 22, in example, light guide structure 23 is formed by optical fiber.Be that in this example providing, light guide structure 23 is medially arranged in core parts 31.The one end of light guide structure 23 that is arranged in the region of point 22 is configured such that the light beam 11 of broadband light can be transmitted into and is arranged in tissue above of point 22 (being inserted in the direction such as the turbid medium of body of mammals in bar portion).For example, thereby optical detection device 10 is configured such that the light beam 11 of broadband light can be transmitted in the region of point 22 turbid medium (tissue) above, makes light be subject to scattering in this region.
In addition, for surveying at least one photodetector of broadband light, be arranged on the region of the close point 22 of bar portion 21, specifically in the side of bar portion 21.In exemplary embodiment illustrated in the accompanying drawings, three photodetector 27a, 27b and 27c are arranged in bar portion 21, specifically embed in the material of bar portion 21, make them outstanding from bar portion 21.The quantity that it should be noted that photodetector is not limited to this example, and the photodetector of other quantity (even large quantity) can be provided.In addition,, as become significantly from following description, it is also possible that a photodetector is only provided.Photodetector 27a, 27b, 27c can for example be formed by photodiode.Photodetector 27a, 27b, 27c are connected to solution mediation analytic unit 32 via electrical connection section 28 separately.Separating mediation analytic unit 32 can for example be formed by the computer correspondingly configuring.In the region of bar portion 21, electrical connection section 28 can for example be arranged on the outer surface of bar portion 21.In the case, they are preferably protected the protection of coating in case stop loss bad.This protective finish also can be used in and makes electrical connection section insulation.Alternatively, electrical connection section 28 also can embed in the material of bar portion 21 or be arranged in hollow passageway 30.
Now with reference to Fig. 4, photogenerated unit 80 is described.Photogenerated unit 80 comprises light source 1, wavestrip separator 3, the spatial light modulator 4 of the collimated beam 2 of launching broadband light and closes light unit 6.
The collimated beam 2 of broadband light is directed to wavestrip separator 3.Wavestrip separator be configured such that a plurality of wavelength bands in its light beam 2 that is separately included in spatially broadband light (2a, 2b ..., 2n).For example, wavestrip separator 3 can be formed by grating, and this grating is configured to be separately included in spatially the different wave length band in the light beam 2 of broadband light.Yet, also can form wavestrip separator 3 by the another kind of wavelength dispersion element such as for example prism.It should be noted that different wave length band needn't have same widths with regard to wave-length coverage, and relative to each other (wavelength interval) needn't have identical wavelength interval.
The wavelength band of space separation (2a ..., 2n) being directed to spatial light modulator (SLM) 4, spatial light modulator (SLM) 4 carries out spatial modulation for the wavelength band to separated, so that each wavelength band (2a ..., 2n) receive specific modulation.In the present embodiment, spatial light modulator 4 is transmission-types.Yet spatial light modulator also can be arranged and be realized by reflexive.Spatial light modulator 4 comprises input lens 41, light-modulating cell 42, output lens 43 and modulation source 5.Input lens 41 makes each parallel beam of the wavelength band of difference.Light-modulating cell 42 is connected to the modulation source 5 of the operation of controlling light-modulating cell 42.Light-modulating cell 42 can mechanically be realized, such as with forms such as special-purpose Nip section (Nipkow) type dish or chopper or rotating polygons.Preferably, light-modulating cell 42 is formed by micro-mirror device or liquid-crystal apparatus.The combination that series connection is placed on any these elements in light path is also possible.For example, another element that an element of quick repetition (periodically) modulation is provided and the intensity adjustment changing is at a slow speed provided can be set.
Can apply the light modulation of different modes known in the art.For example, can apply frequency division multiplexing or time division multiplex, or this two.By the light-modulating cell 42 cooperating with modulation source 5, provided to carry out the modulation scheme of wavestrip (passage) modulation.
The wavelength band of separate modulation (2a, 2b ..., 2n), by the collimated beam 11 of closing the broadband light that light unit 6 is complex as frequency spectrum and encodes, closing light unit 6 can for example be formed by another grating or other wavelength dispersion element.In an embodiment, wavestrip separator 3, close light unit 6, lens and light-modulating cell 42 and be arranged in so-called 4f structure.Yet, the invention is not restricted to this layout.
Then by frequency spectrum the collimated beam 11 of the broadband light of encoding be directed to the point 22 of bar portion 21, as mentioned above.In exemplary embodiment, the light beam 11 of the broadband light of frequency spectrum ground coding is coupled in the light guide structure 23 in photogenerated unit 80.
To the operation of optical detection device 10 be described now.As described above, when bar portion 21 has been inserted in turbid medium, light beam 11 transmittings of the broadband light of frequency spectrum ground coding are positioned at point 22 region above towards turbid medium.Owing to the muddy character of turbid medium, light is arranged in point 22 region above by multiple scattering (as a plurality of arrows of Fig. 3 are schematically indicated) turbid medium.The part of the scattering of light will be incident on photodetector 27a, 27b and 27c.In response to incident illumination, photodetector 27a, 27b and 27c all generate the signal of telecommunication corresponding to incident illumination.These signals of telecommunication transfer to and separate mediation analytic unit 32 via electrical connection section 28.Owing to the light beam 11 for the turbid medium that throws light on of being encoded as described above frequency spectrum, can be based on analyzing a minute optical information from the signal of telecommunication of photodetector 27a, 27b and 27c.
In separating mediation analytic unit 32, the signal of being surveyed by photodetector 27a, 27b, 27c is by demodulating unit decode/demodulates, to recover to be included in minute optical information the diffused light of the corresponding position at photodetector 27a, 27b and 27c of sending from turbid medium.In order to carry out reliable demodulation, the modulation signal 25 from the modulation source 5 in photogenerated list 80 is provided to solution mediation analytic unit 32.The modulation that modulation signal 25 indications are carried out.Suitable demodulation operation is carried out in modulation signal 25 feasible solution harmonic analysis unit 32.The demodulating unit of separating mediation analytic unit 32 can for example be embodied as relatively cost efficient and compact electronic circuit.Alternatively, it can be implemented in the software moving on separating the digital processing unit being in harmonious proportion in analytic unit 32.Under any circumstance, can corresponding to different detecting locations, obtain and by turbid medium, on the light inciding on corresponding light electric explorer 27a, 27b and 27c, beaten the specific spectrum of medium of branding with High detect efficiency.It should be noted that owing to the spectrum coding to above-mentioned different wave length band, can obtain by demodulation process minute optical information of each photodetector.Separate the frequency content that mediation analytic unit 32 is analyzed from the signal of corresponding light electric explorer 27a, 27b or 27c, to determine optical spectrum.Thereby, can be according to determine the intensity distributions of respective wavelength band from the signal of telecommunication of photodetector 27a, 27b and 27c.Thereby the optical detection device 10 of description is allowed and is carried out spectroscopy, without expensive and heavy spectrometer.
In addition, separate being in harmonious proportion analytic unit 32 can utilize about the information of the locus of different photodetector 27a, 27b and 27c the varying strength of assessing on photodetector and distribute.
In exemplary embodiment, separate mediation analytic unit 32 and be configured to process the signal corresponding to different photodetector 27a, 27b and 27c by the principle of optical tomography, the image of the turbid medium in the region of minute optical information reconstruction point 22 providing with basis.Separate mediation analytic unit 32 and can utilize many different algorithm for reconstructing known in the art, to rebuild at least one image of the character of turbid medium.Thereby the combination of light splitting and spatial information can be for example for distinguishing anatomical structure.For example, blood vessel can separate with Neural Area.Even before being positioned at needle point, different anatomical structures several millimeters time, also can identify them.
Thereby, according to embodiment, can use wavestrip separator 3 and spatial light modulator 4(SLM) in frequency-domain and time-domain to coming many predetermined wavelength bands (passage) can with different in width and interval of auto-collimation white light source all to encode.By closing light unit 6, wavelength band is complex as to single collimated beam 11.Any large collimation of optical bandwidth and the light beam 11(white light of coding) for the region of the turbid medium before the point that throws light on.According to embodiment, the diffused light sending from turbid medium is surveyed by a plurality of photodetector 27a, 27b and 27c.Corresponding signal from photodetector is demodulated, makes to obtain with High detect efficiency the optical spectra at different detecting locations place.For each detecting location, the signal of corresponding reception is carried out to decode/demodulates, to recover minute optical information and therefore to obtain by turbid medium, from the light of turbid medium transmitting, stamping the specific optical spectra of medium of branding.
Working place photomodulator 4, makes to modulate different wave length band in non-sine mode, for example, use square-wave frequency modulation different wave length band, is possible.
Working place photomodulator 4, it is also possible making to follow thereafter complicated modulation scheme, in this complicated modulation scheme, adjacent channel (wavelength band) is non-conterminous on the RF territory of translation (translated) in detection side.In the case, correlated channels is separate modulation, makes the solution mediation analytic unit 32 corresponding to the signal of the diffused light of surveying at detecting location for demodulation, and these correlated channels are not to arrange adjacent to each other.
In exemplary embodiment illustrated in the accompanying drawings, provide from separate being in harmonious proportion the feedback signal 26 of analytic unit 32 to the modulation source 5 photogenerated unit 80.Utilize this feedback signal 26, can be independent of the signal of telecommunication from least one photodetector 27a, 27b, 27c, on-the-fly modify the encoding scheme for broadband light.For example, can between measuring, change the order (order) of wavelength band and/or distribute, and can utilize the shared result of different wavelength bands (joint result) to identify and suppress cross-talk (cross-talk).For example, in frequency spectrum, the known feature of priori is covered other meticulousr still important feature in a configuration of channel order and/or distribution, but can not in another configuration.Thereby, if change order and/or the distribution of wavelength band, can differentiate meticulousr feature.Replace redistribution wavelength band, also can in intensity, re-start and readjust to reduce cross-talk them.Large input signal with respect to the further advantage that yardstick (down scaling) has of falling of less input signal is, can in better mode, select the dynamic range of electronic amplifier, makes it possible to improve identical total dynamic range.
According to the modification of embodiment, on the light beam 11 of the broadband light that the high frequency modulated that comprises the frequency in scope more than 50MHz puts on frequency spectrum encodes.Can advantageously utilize this high frequency modulated to come from the additional optical property of material extraction, such as optical scattering coefficient (the photon density wave analysis in the situation that) and/or fluorescence lifetime coefficient.
Although described the embodiment that is provided with a plurality of photodetectors, can realize the spectroscopy in the region of turbid medium above of point by a photodetector is set in the region in bar portion.Replace in prior art at least one optical fiber with spectrometer combination for spectroscopy, only need to have cost-benefit photodetector and be in harmonious proportion the electrical connection of analytic unit 32 to separating.According to the realization proposing, utilize photodetector to obtain the directly spectrum of the light of scattering before sharp keen needle point, and without spectrometer.
The implementation utilize proposing, for example can obtain directly, in the micro structure of turbid medium above of sharp keen point 22 (in the situation that the description of biopsy needle, tissue) and for information about molecular.
About wherein rebuilding the two dimension of the turbid medium in the region of point or the implementation of multidimensional image more, below applicable: more photodetectors, the image that can rebuild are set in the region of bar portion.Yet the cost that increases line bonus photo-detector will be only the cost that increases additional photo-detector and corresponding electrical wiring.Compare with the scheme that spectrum analysis is realized with spectrometer via optical fiber, this is useful especially.
For example, because directly provide at least one photodetector in the region of the bar portion 21 in being inserted into turbid medium (body of mammals), so overcome the problem (causing the only scattered light of detectable fraction) that scattered light is coupled to small value aperture intrinsic in optical fiber.
Although be embedded in embodiment in the material of bar portion 21 about photodetector 27a, 27b, 27c, invention has been described, the invention is not restricted to this.For example, can a plurality of photodetectors be set being wrapped in bar portion 21 around and being attached in the flexible foils of bar portion 21.
Although be for example arranged in core parts 31(about light guide structure 23, formed by mandrin) in embodiment the present invention has been described, it is also possible light guide structure being arranged in the material of bar portion 21.
Although the position on the excircle that at least one photodetector is arranged in bar portion 21 has been described,, for example at least one photodetector to be arranged in to core parts 31 inside be also possible.
In the implementation of at least two photodetector 27a, 27b, 27c is provided, it is also possible carrying out difference spectroscopy, and wherein, the signal of a photodetector is as the reference of the signal corresponding with another photodetector.For example, Amelink and Sterenborg are at " Measurement of the local optical properties of turbid media using differential pathlength spectroscopy ", Appl.Opt.43, in 2004,3048-3054, having described difference spectroscopy processes.
Although described the embodiment in the part that remains on turbid medium outside that photogenerated unit 80 is arranged on optical detection device 10, other realization is also possible.For example, photogenerated unit also can be arranged in bar portion 21 the insides.For example, miniature white LEDs (for example by
or
or
sell) the little wideband light source of form can be arranged in bar portion 21.For example, can carry out by means of vertiginous little low fineness Fabry-Paro element of chamber personal attendant time the frequency modulation(PFM) of this light source.By Peng etc., at " Fourier transform emission lifetime spectrometer ", Opt.Lett.32 (4), discloses the further details about the modulation of this type in 2007,421-423.
As an alternative, photogenerated unit can comprise a plurality of light sources that are configured to launch different wave length band.Can to different light sources, modulate with different characteristics, for example, at different frequency.For example, by modulating independently in time the power that is sent to respective sources, can realize this.Be similar to above-mentioned modification, a plurality of light sources can be arranged in bar portion 21.
Although described and applied the present invention to biopsy needle about embodiment, the invention is not restricted to this, and it also can be applied to other medical apparatus, such as conduit or endoscope.Have been found that in the many environment of being combined in of optics sensing and conduit and have clinical value.The invention provides significant design simplification, and improved detectivity.
Thereby, the optical detection device that is applicable to well a plurality of application has been described, particularly medical application of a plurality of application.Particularly, it can be used in puncture biopsy guiding field to avoid the damage to the key structure such as neural and blood vessel.It also can be used in the tissue characteristics based on pin in pin path, such as for example for surveying blood vessel and/or neural and/or for distinguishing filling between blood and the capsule of fluid.In addition, optical detection device can be for example for monitoring cerebral tissue, blood vessel and/or blood flow in the situation that brain inserts pin.
About conduit application, optical detection device can be for example for the speckle (plaque) of characterization tremulous pulse.About endoscopic applications, it can be for example for the tissue of the bar outside from endoscope and/or from obtaining a minute optical information at the visible tissue of endoscopic images.
Although only described the medical application of optical detection device as embodiment, non-medical applications is also possible, and non-medical applications is all checks that food is with test freshness, quality and content in this way optically.For example, optical detection device can be used in water and/or the fat content that checks food, for example, such as butter, oil and tablespread (peanut butter), and for checking ethanol (ethanol) content, and/or for checking for example freshness of milk product.
Claims (13)
1. an optical detection device (10), be configured to be inserted at least in part in turbid medium, described optical detection device comprises bar portion (21), described bar portion (21) is configured to be inserted in described turbid medium, described bar portion (21) comprises point (22), during described point (22) is configured in being inserted into described turbid medium, be forefront, wherein
What at least one light supply apparatus that is configured to launch the light beam (11) of broadband light was arranged on described bar portion (21) is configured to be inserted in the region in described turbid medium, the light beam of described broadband light (11) comprises the different wave length band (2a that is subject to different modulating, 2b ..., 2n); And
For at least one photodetector (27a, 27b, 27c) of surveying broadband light be arranged on described bar portion (21) be configured to be inserted in the described region in described turbid medium,
Wherein, described optical detection device (10) also comprises separates mediation analytic unit (32), and the signal that described solution mediation analytic unit (32) is configured to receiving from described at least one photodetector (27a, 27b, 27c) is carried out spectrum analysis.
2. optical detection device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described at least one photodetector (27a, 27b, 27c) be electrically connected to described optical detection device be configured to remain in the part of described turbid medium outside.
3. according to the optical detection device described in arbitrary aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, described at least one photodetector (27a, 27b, 27c) is photodiode.
4. optical detection device according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described bar portion (21) is provided with a plurality of photodetector (27a, 27b, 27c), described a plurality of photodetector (27a, 27b, 27c) be arranged in the diverse location place with respect to described bar portion (21).
5. optical detection device according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described solution is in harmonious proportion analytic unit (32) and is configured to from a plurality of photodetector (27a, 27b, signal 27c) is carried out spectrum analysis, and the relevant information in the relevant position of utilization and described a plurality of photodetector (27a, 27b, 27c).
6. optical detection device according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described solution is in harmonious proportion analytic unit (32) and is configured to rebuild the multidimensional image in the interested region of described turbid medium.
7. optical detection device according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described bar portion (21) forms at least a portion of at least a portion of biopsy needle, at least a portion of conduit or endoscope.
8. optical detection device according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described at least one light supply apparatus is formed by the end that is connected to the light guide structure (23) of photogenerated unit (80), and described photogenerated unit (80) is configured to provide the light beam (11) of described broadband light.
9. optical detection device according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, described light guide structure (23) is arranged in the material of described bar portion (21) or in core parts (31), and described core parts (31) are configured to be placed in the hollow passageway (30) in described bar portion.
10. optical detection device according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described at least one photodetector (27a, 27b, 27c) is embedded in the material of described bar portion (21).
11. optical detection devices according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described optical detection device (10) is configured to the high frequency modulated of frequency range more than 50MHz to put on the light beam (11) of described broadband light.
12. optical detection devices according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described optical detection device is to be configured to be inserted at least in part the medical apparatus in body of mammals.
13. optical detection devices according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described at least one light supply apparatus is arranged in the region of described point (22).
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| EP09151274.9 | 2009-01-23 | ||
| EP09151274 | 2009-01-23 | ||
| EP09174834.3 | 2009-11-03 | ||
| EP09174834 | 2009-11-03 | ||
| PCT/IB2010/050208 WO2010084445A1 (en) | 2009-01-23 | 2010-01-18 | Optical examination device adapted to be at least partially inserted into a turbid medium |
Publications (2)
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| CN102292019A CN102292019A (en) | 2011-12-21 |
| CN102292019B true CN102292019B (en) | 2014-03-26 |
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| CN201080005052.8A Expired - Fee Related CN102292019B (en) | 2009-01-23 | 2010-01-18 | Optical examination device adapted to be at least partially inserted into a turbid medium |
Country Status (8)
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| US (1) | US20110270093A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2389098A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP5674683B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20110113188A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102292019B (en) |
| BR (1) | BRPI1005168A2 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2526929C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2010084445A1 (en) |
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| EP2249737B1 (en) * | 2008-03-03 | 2020-07-01 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Biopsy guidance by electromagnetic tracking and photonic needle |
| US20130109941A1 (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2013-05-02 | Nellcor Puritan Bennett Llc | Methods and systems for photoacoustic signal processing |
| CN104066367B (en) * | 2012-01-31 | 2016-03-30 | 奥林巴斯株式会社 | Somatoscopic apparatus |
| CN106793948B (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2020-09-29 | 皇家飞利浦有限公司 | Side-viewing lung biopsy device |
| CN113267206A (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2021-08-17 | 浙江大学 | Low-cost repeatedly-producible optical fiber non-closed Fabry-Perot sensor |
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- 2010-01-18 RU RU2011135056/14A patent/RU2526929C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2010-01-18 BR BRPI1005168A patent/BRPI1005168A2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2010-01-18 US US13/142,485 patent/US20110270093A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-01-18 KR KR1020117019431A patent/KR20110113188A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2010-01-18 JP JP2011547014A patent/JP5674683B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-01-18 WO PCT/IB2010/050208 patent/WO2010084445A1/en active Application Filing
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| RU2011135056A (en) | 2013-02-27 |
| KR20110113188A (en) | 2011-10-14 |
| JP2012515597A (en) | 2012-07-12 |
| CN102292019A (en) | 2011-12-21 |
| RU2526929C2 (en) | 2014-08-27 |
| WO2010084445A1 (en) | 2010-07-29 |
| JP5674683B2 (en) | 2015-02-25 |
| EP2389098A1 (en) | 2011-11-30 |
| BRPI1005168A2 (en) | 2019-09-24 |
| US20110270093A1 (en) | 2011-11-03 |
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