A kind of low-voltage is passed through and is improved device and control method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of wind power generation, relate to a kind of low-voltage and pass through and improve device and control method thereof.
Background technology
Wind power generation fast development in recent years, along with the continuous expansion of wind power generation installed capacity, wind generator system is also increasing to the influence of electrical network.The low-voltage crossing problem of blower fan is the most important during electrical network generation electric voltage dropping, also is one of problem to the electric network influencing maximum.When electrical network generation electric voltage dropping, if the low voltage ride-through capability of blower fan is not up to standard, a large amount of blower fan cutter accidents will take place, the significantly variation of system load flow can be caused, even large-area power-cuts can be caused.For this reason, State Grid Corporation of China notifies and suggestion at wind power generation in succession, provides guidance safely to being incorporated into the power networks of wind power generation, and has made multinomial mandatory provision, and wherein the low-voltage crossing problem of blower fan is repeatedly mentioned as important factor.The low-voltage of so-called blower fan is passed through function; promptly when electric network fault or disturbance cause wind energy turbine set public access point electric voltage dropping; in certain hour and electric voltage dropping scope; wind turbine generator still can not break away from electrical network; keep uninterruptedly being incorporated into the power networks, realize the protection of wind turbine generator equipment and keep the stability of electrical network.
At present, the blower fan low-voltage that the main flow blower fan all will provide authoritative department to provide before networking is passed through examining report, and the low voltage ride-through capability of some early stage blower fans (the especially following capacity of 850kW) does not satisfy standard-required.For realizing that early stage unit low-voltage passes through function, need install low-voltage additional to former unit and pass through the function auxiliary equipment.
Say to be exactly rapidly electric voltage dropping to be reduced to minimum to the influence of wind turbine generator on the low voltage ride-through capability principle of raising wind turbine generator, suppress the voltage and current of blower fan when electric voltage dropping takes place and impact, and the active power that blower fan is sent can transfer out in time.Wherein the active power how to send for blower fan fast and effectively provides a bleed off passage to become the most key problem.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problem
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, overcomes the shortcoming of prior art, and a kind of wind turbine generator off-grid not under system failure situation, device that is used to realize low voltage ride-through capability of wind turbine generator system that can continue to generate electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems of making is provided.
(2) technical scheme
The invention discloses a kind of low-voltage passes through and improves device, this improves device and comprises a controller, a lead-in circuit breaker, an outlet circuit breaker, a quick diverter switch, a by-pass switch, an isolated loop, an energy-absorbing loop and a short synchronization loop, this controller respectively with this lead-in circuit breaker, this outlet circuit breaker, this quick diverter switch, this by-pass switch, this energy-absorbing loop reaches and should link to each other by short synchronization loop, this lead-in circuit breaker, this isolated loop and this outlet circuit breaker are serially connected with between blower fan and electrical network successively, this quick diverter switch is parallel to the two ends of this isolated loop, this by-pass switch is parallel to the suitable for reading of the suitable for reading of this lead-in circuit breaker and this outlet circuit breaker, this energy-absorbing loop and should short synchronization loop also being connected on the line of end opening of this isolated loop and this outlet circuit breaker
This controller, be used to monitor the voltage and current of this electrical network and the voltage and current of this blower fan, also be used to control the closure and the disconnection of this lead-in circuit breaker, this outlet circuit breaker, this quick diverter switch, this by-pass switch, and this energy-absorbing loop of control and the start and stop that should urge synchronization loop
This lead-in circuit breaker and this outlet circuit breaker are used for improving that device breaks down or low-voltage is passed through when not finishing in the 2s when this, this are improved device and this blower fan is kept apart with this electrical network,
This quick diverter switch is used to take place in low-voltage passes through, this isolated loop of switching,
This by-pass switch is used for improving in device breaks down when this, and this improves device bypass,
This isolated loop is used to take place isolate the trend between this blower fan and this electrical network in low-voltage passes through, and keeps weak connection the between this blower fan and this electrical network,
This energy-absorbing loop is used to consume the active power that this blower fan sends, and the voltage of keeping this blower fan is stable,
Should urge synchronization loop, be used for the voltage-phase of synchronous this electrical network and this blower fan.
Further, this energy-absorbing loop comprises a semiconductor loop and a load, and this semiconductor loop connects this controller and this load respectively.
Further, this semiconductor loop is that thyristor rectifier bridge or diode rectifier bridge add the soft switch of IGBT.
Further, this load is resistance or motor.
Further, this short synchronization loop is STATCOM or TCR type Static Var Compensator.
Further, this quick diverter switch and this by-pass switch are rapid permanent-magnet switch, contactor, circuit breaker or thyristor.
The invention also discloses a kind of low-voltage and pass through the control method of improving device, this control method comprises the steps:
Step 1, closed lead-in circuit breaker, outlet circuit breaker and quick diverter switch, bypass switch opens, this device is dropped between electrical network and blower fan,
Step 2, stand-by heat, controller are monitored the voltage and current of this electrical network, the voltage and current of this blower fan and the on off state of this lead-in circuit breaker, this outlet circuit breaker, this quick diverter switch and this by-pass switch incessantly,
Step 3, when this controller detect any phase voltage of this electrical network be lower than described electrical network rated voltage 90% the time, low-voltage is passed through generation, this controller starts the energy-absorbing loop, consume the active power that this blower fan sends by this energy-absorbing loop, simultaneously, start short synchronization loop, the phase difference that makes the voltage of the voltage of this blower fan and this electrical network is zero, in addition, disconnect this quick diverter switch, with the isolated loop input, keep weak connection the between this blower fan and this electrical network
Arbitrary phase voltage that step 4, this controller detect this electrical network whether in 2s, all be higher than described electrical network rated voltage 90%, if, execution in step 5, otherwise, execution in step 6,
Step 5, low-voltage are passed through in the 2s and are finished, should quick diverter switch closure, afterwards, stop this energy-absorbing loop and work that should short synchronization loop, this blower fan through this outlet circuit breaker, this quick diverter switch and this lead-in circuit breaker to this electrical network conveying active power,
Step 6, low-voltage are passed through in the 2s and are not finished, and disconnect this lead-in circuit breaker and this outlet circuit breaker, and this device is out of service, and this blower fan is also out of service.
Further, in execution in step 2 to the process of step 5, this controller also detects this to be improved device and whether internal fault takes place maybe need overhaul, if, closed this by-pass switch disconnects this lead-in circuit breaker and this outlet circuit breaker, and it is out of service that this improves device, this blower fan passes through this by-pass switch normally to this mains supply, otherwise continues execution in step 2 to step 5.
Further, this energy-absorbing loop comprises a semiconductor loop and a load, and this controller is controlled this load consumption and fallen the active power that this blower fan sends by this semiconductor loop.
(3) beneficial effect
Beneficial effect of the present invention is, when the network system electric voltage dropping, when the generation low-voltage is passed through, low-voltage is passed through the energy-absorbing loop of improving device can absorb the active power that blower fan sends, the active power that makes blower fan be transported to electrical network descends, because the mechanical output of blower fan is constant substantially, a series of problems such as fan rotor acceleration that excess power causes in the blower fan internal consumption, overcurrent, loss of excitation, electromagnetic torque sudden change have been avoided; At this moment, short synchronization loop is adjusted the terminal voltage of blower fan, makes it synchronous with line voltage, has avoided in the system voltage recovery process electrical network being impacted.Thereby make and pass through when taking place that blower fan can not break away from electrical network, keeps being incorporated into the power networks incessantly, realize the protection of wind turbine generator equipment and keep the stability of electrical network in low-voltage.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 passes through the structural representation that improves device for low-voltage.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation in energy-absorbing loop.
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram in thyristor rectifier bridge mode energy-absorbing loop.
Fig. 4 adds the circuit diagram in the soft on-off mode energy-absorbing of IGBT loop for diode rectifier bridge.
Fig. 5 passes through the flow chart of the control method of improving device for low-voltage
Embodiment
Low-voltage of the present invention is passed through and is improved device and control method thereof, is described in detail as follows in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, low-voltage traversing device 101 disclosed by the invention, comprise a controller 102, a lead-in circuit breaker 103, an outlet circuit breaker 104, a quick diverter switch 105, a by-pass switch 106, an isolated loop 107, an energy-absorbing loop 108 and a short synchronization loop 109, controller 102 respectively with lead-in circuit breaker 103, outlet circuit breaker 104, quick diverter switch 105, by-pass switch 106, energy-absorbing loop 108 and short synchronization loop 109 link to each other, lead-in circuit breaker 103, isolated loop 107 and outlet circuit breaker 104 are serially connected with between blower fan and electrical network successively, diverter switch 105 is parallel to the two ends of isolated loop 107 fast, by-pass switch is parallel to the suitable for reading of the suitable for reading of lead-in circuit breaker 103 and outlet circuit breaker, energy-absorbing loop 108 and short synchronization loop 109 also are connected on the line of end opening of isolated loop 107 and outlet circuit breaker 104, wherein, lead-in circuit breaker 103 and outlet circuit breaker 104, be mainly used in when improving device 101 and break down, keep apart with blower fan and electrical network improving device 101; Quick diverter switch 105, when being used to take place low-voltage and passing through, switching isolated loop 107, because what adopt is high-speed switch, characteristics are quick actions, therefore can take place low-voltage pass through in response fast, by-pass switch 106, be used for when improving in device 101 breaks down, bypass improves device 101, connect blower fan and electrical networks by by-pass switch 106, make this moment blower fan and electrical network still can operate as normal, diverter switch 105 and by-pass switch 106 can be rapid permanent-magnet switch, contactor, circuit breaker, thyristor or both combinations arbitrarily fast; Isolated loop 107 is used to take place isolate the trend between blower fan and electrical network in low-voltage passes through, and is characterized in keeping weak connection the between blower fan and electrical network, and isolated loop 107 can be resistance, inductance or its combination; Energy-absorbing loop 108 when being used for low-voltage and passing through, consumes the active power that blower fan sends, and the voltage of keeping blower fan is stable, and the formation in energy-absorbing loop 108 will be described in detail hereinafter; Short synchronization loop 109, be used for sending reactive power to blower fan, the voltage-phase of synchronised grids and blower fan, thereby when avoiding low-voltage to pass through finishing to the rush of current of blower fan and electrical network, can carry out reactive power compensation to blower fan in addition, short synchronization loop 109 can be STATCOM (SVG) or TCR type Static Var Compensator (SVC), can also be dynamic reactive compensation devices such as thyristor switchable capacitor, grouping switching capacitor.
Referring to Fig. 2, the energy-absorbing loop 108 that the present invention improves in the device 101 mainly is made of semiconductor loop 201 and load 202, semiconductor loop 201 links to each other with load 202, energy-absorbing loop 108 links to each other with controller 102 by semiconductor loop 201, wherein semiconductor loop 201 adds the soft switch of IGBT for thyristor rectifier bridge or diode rectifier bridge, can also be the IGBT rectifier bridge, GTO rectifier bridge or bidirectional thyristor circuit etc., and load 202 is a resistance, motor or other can catabiotic elements, owing to adopted semiconductor device such as IGBT, energy-absorbing loop 108 has control flexibly, response rapidly, characteristics such as precision height.
Figure 3 shows that thyristor rectifier bridge-type energy-absorbing loop, the thyristor rectifier bridge of being made up of thyristor T1~T6 constitutes the semiconductor loop feature in energy-absorbing loop, the A in this energy-absorbing loop, B, C terminal are connected on the line of isolated loop and outlet circuit breaker end opening, thyristor T1~T6 is responsible for AC signal is converted to direct current signal, the gate pole of each thyristor among thyristor T1~T6 all links to each other with controller 102, by the conducting of controller 102 control thyristor T1~T6 or end, thus control load resistance R consumption active power that blower fan sent.
Figure 4 shows that diode rectifier bridge adds the soft switching regulator energy-absorbing of IGBT loop, the semiconductor loop feature that diode rectifier bridge of being made up of diode D1~D6 and the soft switch of IGBT have constituted the energy-absorbing loop, the A in this energy-absorbing loop, B, C terminal are connected on the line of isolated loop and outlet circuit breaker end opening, diode D1~D6 is responsible for AC signal is converted into direct current signal, the gate pole of the soft switch of IGBT links to each other with controller 102, by the conducting of the soft switch of controller 102 control IGBT or end, thus control load resistance R consumption active power that blower fan sent.
The invention also discloses a kind of low-voltage and pass through the control method of improving device, pass through in conjunction with low-voltage and improve device 101, as follows to the process prescription of this control method:
Step 1, low-voltage pass through improve device 101 self checks qualified, with electrical network and blower fan physical connection after, by controller 102 closed lead-in circuit breakers 103, outlet circuit breaker 104 and quick diverter switch 105, and guaranteeing that by-pass switch 106 is in off-state, low-voltage is passed through and is improved device 101 by between input electrical network and blower fan.
Step 2, through step 1, low-voltage is passed through and is improved device 101 and enter hot stand-by duty, low-voltage is passed through and is improved device 101 and enter in this state, the active power of blower fan flows into electrical networks through outlet circuit breaker 104, quick diverter switch 105 and lead-in circuit breaker 103, and controller 102 is monitored the voltage and current of electrical network, the voltage and current of blower fan and the on off state of lead-in circuit breaker 103, outlet circuit breaker 104, quick diverter switch 105 and by-pass switch 106 etc. incessantly.
Step 3, when controller 102 detect any phase voltage of electrical network be lower than described electrical network rated voltage 90% the time, controller 102 starts energy-absorbing loop 108, the conducting in control semiconductor loop 201 or end, after semiconductor loop 201 converts AC signal to direct current signal, consume the active power that blower fan sends by load 202; Simultaneously, controller 102 is by the short synchronization loop 109 of control, to blower fan output reactive power, on the one hand, can control the frequency and the phase angle of blower fan, make that the phase difference of voltage of the voltage of blower fan and electrical network is zero, on the other hand, can carry out reactive power compensation to blower fan; In addition, controller 102 also disconnects quick diverter switch 105, drops into isolated loop 107, blower fan and electrical network are not exclusively isolated, keep weak connection the between blower fan and electrical network, reduce low-voltage and pass through impact, guarantee that simultaneously blower fan can normally generate electricity the voltage and current of blower fan.At this moment, low-voltage is passed through and is improved device 101 and be equivalent to the controlled electron load, fully absorbs the active power that blower fan sends by energy-absorbing loop 108, and provides necessary idle support by short synchronization loop 109 for blower fan.
The voltage that step 4, controller 102 detect any phase of three phase networks whether in 2s, all be higher than described electrical network rated voltage 90%, if, execution in step 5, otherwise, execution in step 6.
Step 5, low-voltage is passed through in the 2s and is finished, controller 102 closed diverter switches 105 fast, bypass isolated loop 107, controller 102 stops the work of energy-absorbing loop 108 and short synchronization loop 109 after detecting quick diverter switch 105 closures, and blower fan is carried active power through outlet circuit breaker 104, quick diverter switch 105 and lead-in circuit breaker 103 to electrical network, recover normal state, finish low-voltage and pass through to grid transmission.
Step 6, low-voltage is passed through in the 2s and is not finished, illustrate that this moment, the fault that can't repair in the short time took place electrical network, low-voltage need be passed through and improve device 101 and blower fan all disconnects with electrical network, promptly disconnect lead-in circuit breaker 103 and outlet circuit breaker 104 by controller 102, low-voltage passes through that to improve device 101 out of service, and blower fan is also out of service on request.
In addition, in execution in step 2 to the process of step 5, if detecting to improve device 101 some internal fault of generation or install, controller 102 needs maintenance, controller 102 will closes bypass switch 106, disconnect lead-in circuit breaker 103 and outlet circuit breaker 104, low-voltage passes through that to improve device 101 out of service, blower fan then by by-pass switch 106 normally to mains supply.
Above execution mode only is used to illustrate the present invention; and be not limitation of the present invention; the those of ordinary skill in relevant technologies field; under the situation that does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention; can also make various variations and modification; therefore all technical schemes that are equal to also belong to category of the present invention, and scope of patent protection of the present invention should be defined by the claims.