CN102289656B - Method for calculating effect of traffic flow on city pollution - Google Patents
Method for calculating effect of traffic flow on city pollution Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for calculating effect of traffic flow on city pollution. The effect on the city pollution is calculated according to the vehicle shape of the traffic flow; 1) fast identifying the sizes of vehicles, wherein the sizes of the vehicles are classified by the classification technology based on the under color of a license; the vehicle of which the under color of the license is blue is a car and the vehicle of which the under color of the license is yellow is a cart; 2) after determining the size of the vehicle according to the under color of the license, setting the emission factors according to the speeds of the vehicles; 3) turning the factors into the identified or given different emission indexes of the vehicles to generate the concentration of exhaust dust and carbon monoxide (CO) of a road; and performing difference approximation on each road region to calculate concentration by taking an advection equation as a pollution model ; and 4) defining the concentration of the exhaust dust according to the transmission of inertia light,; performing conversion on the transmission (VI%) of 100m distance by natural logarithm; and calculating the CO concentration in PPM.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to image recognition and the hicle emissions measuring method of object.
Background technology
Automobile uses in people's production, the every field of life in a large number as one of modern society's main traffic instrument, the increase day by day of the total amount of automobile, but the problem of thereupon bringing is also more and more.Along with increasing of automobile, the tail gas that automobile is discharged is seriously influencing the quality of air.
It is reported that motor vehicle emission pollutant has become the primary source of Chinese city atmospheric pollution.Also be one of city planning and urban development major issue that will solve and how to improve air quality.Gas behind the gasoline combustion that so-called vehicle exhaust refers to discharge from motor vehicle tail, wherein contain hundreds of different compound, major pollutants have the air pollutants such as Solid Suspension particulate, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrocarbon, oxynitrides, lead and oxygen sulfur compound.
The concentration of harmful gas increases in the air, can cause the generation of a series of diseases such as respiratory tract, and the serious harm mankind's is healthy.Tail gas also can produce far-reaching influence to human lives's environment except meeting is detrimental to health.For example the sulphuric dioxide in the tail gas has the strong impulse smell, causes easily the generation of " acid rain " when arriving finite concentration, causes soil and water source acidifying, affects the growth of crops and forest; Carbon dioxide is the arch-criminal of global warming, and climate warming is again a human big scourge: Melting Glaciers:, water level go up, and EI Nino phenomenon etc. all can be given human and other biological existence brings stern challenge.
Therefore Chinese scholars has set up a large amount of contamination models, such as traffic flow pollution evaluation system, scholar's research urban road cross junction and T-junction mouth motor vehicle emission pollutant dispersal pattern etc. are also arranged, all attempt by calculating, express traffic pollution for human lives's impact, but carry out modeling effort because of all being based on the content of statistical for tail gas in the air, can't provide the traffic flow of real-time or actual auto-pollution and diffusion for the True Data of municipal pollution impact; Also have at the monitoring point placement sensor and pollute sampling for traffic flow, but the impact of other pollution source is difficult to obtain more accurate data because the data of obtaining are mixed, in addition because the restriction of cost and manpower, can not layout comprehensive monitoring everywhere in whole city's scope.
Owing to lack effective monitoring means, so the general contamination model of the analog computation of municipal pollution is at first determined emission factor, select again the discharging model.Can detect effectively in real time traffic flow not yet sees for the means of municipal pollution impact.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the object of the invention proposes a kind of traffic flow for the real-time measuring method of municipal pollution impact, especially by the car plate of automobile is differentiated to distinguish large dolly, proposes the method for the large dolly of a kind of quick identification.By this invention, not only can conveniently obtain the information such as flow, distribution of urban transportation.And then the algorithm of the blowdown flow rate by dissimilar cars calculates the blowdown flow rate of overall traffic, thereby obtains urban transportation to pollution and the distribution situation of air.The present invention merged image processing and identification, cloud computing, image, semantic, based on the structure in the image index storehouse of MPEG-7 with based on picture material and semantic retrieval, virtual reality technology, be the magnitude of traffic flow of each route of rational management city from now on, by scheduling and the control for urban traffic flow, reach and make the city be subjected to the traffic flow pollution effect minimum, make the city by the minimize contamination that traffic flow causes, the numerical value basis is provided.
These information also can provide reliable basis for the Air Quality Analysis of locality, can provide effective reference for road construction and urban construction, can also provide decision-making foundation for existing enhancement of environment.As the greening of road periphery, road and residential district isolation facility proposed set up position etc.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: the measuring and calculating traffic flow is for the method for municipal pollution impact, carries out traffic flow according to the vehicle fractal of traffic flow and calculates for the impact of municipal pollution.That is at first vehicle is carried out the quick identification of large dolly.The large dolly sorting technique of vehicle adopts the sorting technique based on the licence plate background color, namely after vehicle license is had good positioning, obtains and passes through pretreated vehicle license, uses color histogram to read method, reads the histogram of each color in the vehicle license.And in the histogram data maximum be the car plate background color.Rgb value with the car plate background color reads out again, converts the HSV value to, judges the car plate background color in the HSV model.
After character recognition finished, the large dolly type of vehicle just basic the discriminating was finished.
After judging large dolly according to the car plate background color, according to the speed of a motor vehicle of large dolly, set the emission factor under this speed of a motor vehicle.That substitution identifies or the given different pollutant emission index of large dolly, for the concentration of tail gas dust and the carbon monoxide (CO) of road, with the advection equation as contamination model, ask for concentration for carrying out difference approximation between each road cut section.For the concentration of tail gas dust, according to the transmitance of inertia light define, the transmittance (VI%) of the distance of 100m, with natural logarithm convert, CO concentration finds the solution with PPM.
For the impact of road traffic pollution on surrounding environment, utilize Gauss model to provide tail gas and carbon monoxide to the situation of periphery diffusion, in conjunction with factors such as vehicle flowrate, weather, times, calculate its diffusion concentration and involve scope.
Transport information and the pollution situation of collecting carried out data mining and semantic analysis, set up the traffic pollution Intelligence repository, realize decision support, pollute and situation to judge, to the retrieval in the highway section of polluting the peak, period, zone etc. and traffic dispersion solution formulation etc.
Owing to lack effective monitoring means, so the general contamination model of the analog computation of municipal pollution is at first determined emission factor, select again the discharging model.
After the differentiation of car plate background color was finished, the car of wrongly written or mispronounced character all was compact car according to " automotive number plate national standard " blue end, and the car of the surplus of the yellow end of the overwhelming majority is large car, but a special case learner-driven vehicle was arranged also for Huang end surplus, was dolly.The sign on learner-driven vehicle is that last character is " " printed words.If to obtain be the car of yellow end surplus so the color by back is extracted, also to divide and identify last character.If " " then is judged as dolly, otherwise be judged as cart.
Can in conjunction with the GIS technology, on map, do Dynamic Display to the traffic pollution situation.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1. according to the size of judging fast vehicle, substitution blowdown model can calculate the blowdown of this car;
2. according to the COMPREHENSIVE CALCULATING of urban traffic network, can calculate traffic flow for the impact (being that urban transportation is always discharged) of municipal pollution.
3. can combined with virtual reality or GIS technology, with figure or on map Dynamic Display traffic pollution situation.
4. for further introducing from now on dynamic traffic planning and intelligent transportation control and traffic flow scheduling model, according to the present invention the serious highway section of hicle emissions of record, period and during, the magnitude of traffic flow of each route of rational management city, make the city be subjected to the traffic flow pollution effect minimum thereby reach, make the city have minimize contamination that traffic flow causes etc. to lay a good foundation.
5. can further introduce dynamic traffic planning and intelligent transportation control and traffic flow scheduling model, according to the present invention the serious highway section of hicle emissions of record, period and during, the magnitude of traffic flow of each route of rational management city, by scheduling and the control for urban traffic flow, can reach and make the city be subjected to the traffic flow pollution effect minimum, the minimize contamination that makes the city have traffic flow to cause allows citizen cross real low-carbon (LC) life.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 reads and passes through pretreated car plate picture after the vehicle license coloured image has been had good positioning;
Fig. 2 judges in the car plate by histogram and accounts for main color, and reads the rgb value synoptic diagram of this color;
Fig. 3 converts rgb value to judgement synoptic diagram that the HSV value is carried out color;
Figure 4 shows that the licence plate location synoptic diagram of the automobile after the identification;
Schematic flow sheet is polluted in Fig. 5 traffic flow monitoring;
Fig. 6 is mechanism model synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
(1) traffic conditions Real-time Collection
The main crossing video camera that adopts carries out real time image collection, is digital signal with analog signal conversion.
(2) information of vehicles obtains and gathers, and its basic procedure is referring to Fig. 5.
1. automobile identification
The main crossing video camera that adopts carries out real time image collection, will be sent to the acquisition system server.
2. car plate is located
Licence plate for the automobile after the identification is located as shown in Figure 4.
With reference to car plate coarse positioning synoptic diagram: may have candidate region, a few place behind the coarse positioning, at this moment will determine license plate area by accurate location.
Accurately the location adopts the binary image to the candidate region to scan, and every delegation is black or all be designated as a saltus step from black bleaching from leucismus, becomes number of times by the record saltus step and comes positioning licence plate.As when reaching dark from leucismus when scanning or reaching more than 3 times from the color saltus step that deeply shoals, this scanning area can position car plate.
3. the extraction of car plate background color
Judge that by extracting the licence plate background color vehicle is cart or dolly.Generally speaking, wrongly written or mispronounced character of the blue end be compact car, Huang end surplus be large car.So as long as accurate location, after having located car plate, extract background color or the character color of license plate at the coloured image of corresponding car plate and judge.Specific as follows:
1) after the vehicle license coloured image has been had good positioning, at first reads and passed through pretreated car plate picture (see Fig. 1, the background of word is arranged for blue among Fig. 1).
2) each color histogram that uses the OpenCV technology to draw the car plate licence plate picture that reads in (has maximal value as obtained the blueness in the color histogram according to Fig. 1.
3) judge in the car plate by histogram and account for main color, and read the rgb value (Fig. 2) of this color that color data is maximum in the histogram is the car plate background color;
4) rgb value with the car plate background color reads out, and converts rgb value to the HSV value and carries out the judgement of color (Fig. 3), in the HSV model, judge the car plate background color (also be among the figure color data maximum be the car plate background color).
4. the division of character and identification
The car of wrongly written or mispronounced character of the blue end all is compact car, and the car of the surplus of the yellow end of the overwhelming majority is large car, but a special case learner-driven vehicle is arranged also for yellow end surplus, is dolly.The sign on learner-driven vehicle is that last character is " " printed words.If to obtain be the car of yellow end surplus so the color by back is extracted, also to divide and identify last character.If " " then is judged as dolly, otherwise be judged as cart.
After character recognition finished, the large dolly type of vehicle just basic the discriminating had been finished.
(3) the extensive laggard row operation of information
1. hicle emissions model
After judging large dolly according to the car plate background color, according to the speed of a motor vehicle of large dolly, set the emission factor under this speed of a motor vehicle.That substitution identifies or the given different pollutant emission index of large dolly, the different pollutant emission index of large dolly that substitution identifies, to the concentration of tail gas dust and the carbon monoxide (CO) of road, with the advection equation as contamination model, ask for concentration for carrying out difference approximation between each road cut section.For the concentration of tail gas dust, according to the transmitance of inertia light define, the transmittance (VI%) of the distance of 10m, with natural logarithm convert, CO concentration finds the solution with PPM.According to road perfect video monitoring system, according to method of the present invention, calculate in real time the telecommunication flow information of road, calculate the blowdown of each car, can obtain the blowdown situation for road after the stack;
2. contaminative diffusion model
For the impact of road traffic pollution on surrounding environment, utilize Gauss model to provide tail gas and carbon monoxide to the situation of periphery diffusion, in conjunction with factors such as vehicle flowrate, weather, times, calculate its range of scatter.According to the COMPREHENSIVE CALCULATING of urban traffic network, can calculate traffic flow for the impact (being that urban transportation is always discharged) of municipal pollution.
(4) semantic intellectual analysis
Transport information and the pollution situation of collecting carried out semantic analysis, set up the traffic pollution ontology library, to the retrieval in the highway section of polluting the peak, period, zone etc. etc.
(5) pollution effects is showed
Combining with technology of virtual reality or, the GIS technology is done Dynamic Display with graphics mode or on map to the traffic pollution situation.
Claims (4)
1. the measuring and calculating traffic flow is for the method for municipal pollution impact, it is characterized in that vehicle fractal according to traffic flow calculates the impact on municipal pollution; 1) at first vehicle is carried out the quick identification of large dolly; The large dolly sorting technique of vehicle adopts the sorting technique based on the licence plate background color, namely after Location of Vehicle License Plate, obtains and passes through pretreated vehicle license, uses color histogram to read method, reads the histogram of each color in the vehicle license; And in the histogram data maximum be the car plate background color; Rgb value with the car plate background color reads out again, converts the HSV value to, judges the car plate background color in the HSV model; The car plate background color is the blue dolly that is, yellow is cart, and after character recognition finished, the large dolly type of vehicle just basic the discriminating was finished;
2) judge large dolly according to the car plate background color after, according to the speed of a motor vehicle of large dolly, set the emission factor under this speed of a motor vehicle;
3) the different pollutant emission index of substitution large dolly that identify or given, generation is for the concentration of tail gas dust and the carbon monoxide (CO) of road, with the advection equation as contamination model, ask for concentration for carrying out difference approximation between each road cut section;
4) for the concentration of tail gas dust, according to the transmitance of inertia light define, the transmittance (VI%) of the distance of 100m, with natural logarithm convert, CO concentration finds the solution with PPM;
According to road perfect video monitoring system, calculate in real time the telecommunication flow information of road, calculate the blowdown of each car, can obtain the blowdown situation for road after the stack; For the impact of road traffic pollution on surrounding environment, adopt Gauss model to provide tail gas and carbon monoxide to the situation of periphery diffusion, in conjunction with vehicle flowrate, weather, time factor, calculate its range of scatter;
After the differentiation of car plate background color was finished, the car of wrongly written or mispronounced character all was compact car according to the blue end of automotive number plate national standard, and the car of the surplus of the yellow end of the overwhelming majority is large car, but a special case learner-driven vehicle was arranged also for Huang end surplus, was dolly; The sign on learner-driven vehicle is that last character is " " printed words; If to obtain be the car of yellow end surplus so the color by back is extracted, also to divide and identify last character; If " " then is judged as dolly, otherwise be judged as cart.
2. measuring and calculating traffic flow according to claim 1 is characterized in that transport information and the pollution situation collected are carried out semantic analysis for the method for municipal pollution impact, sets up the traffic pollution ontology library; Perhaps can be to the retrieval in the highway section of polluting the peak, period, zone.
3. measuring and calculating traffic flow according to claim 1 is characterized in that Combining with technology of virtual reality or GIS technology for the method for municipal pollution impact, with graphics mode or on map the traffic pollution situation is done the dynamic effect displaying.
4. measuring and calculating traffic flow according to claim 1 is for the method for municipal pollution impact, after it is characterized in that judging large dolly according to the car plate background color, according to the speed of a motor vehicle of large dolly, sets the emission factor under this speed of a motor vehicle; That substitution identifies or the given different pollutant emission index of large dolly, the different pollutant emission index of large dolly that substitution identifies, to the concentration of tail gas dust and the carbon monoxide CO of road, with the advection equation as contamination model; Ask for concentration for carrying out difference approximation between each road cut section; For the concentration of tail gas dust, define, be the transmittance (VI%) of the distance of 10m according to the transmitance of inertia light; With natural logarithm convert, CO concentration finds the solution with PPM; According to road perfect video monitoring system, calculate in real time the telecommunication flow information of road, calculate the blowdown of each car, namely obtain the blowdown situation for road after the stack.
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Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102722733A (en) * | 2012-05-31 | 2012-10-10 | 信帧电子技术（北京）有限公司 | Identification method and device of license plate types |
| CN102789688B (en) * | 2012-08-20 | 2014-09-17 | 北京世纪高通科技有限公司 | Method for acquiring quantity of pollutants discharged by city vehicles |
| CN103617735B (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2016-07-06 | 深圳市捷顺科技实业股份有限公司 | A kind of vehicle identification method and system |
| US20170091350A1 (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2017-03-30 | Alexander Bauer | Near real-time modeling of pollution dispersion |
| CN106297323B (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2021-07-20 | 中星技术股份有限公司 | Vehicle flow monitoring method and system |
| CN107219157A (en) * | 2017-07-29 | 2017-09-29 | 山东诺方电子科技有限公司 | It is a kind of to carry out atmosphere particle monitoring system using public vehicles |
| CN108629980B (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2020-04-07 | 石家庄铁道大学 | Method for improving air quality by controlling traffic flow |
| CN110991930B (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2023-05-23 | 天津玺腾龙科技发展有限公司 | Method for calculating dust load grade of highway section |
| FR3122011B1 (en) | 2021-04-14 | 2024-04-12 | Ifp Energies Now | Method for determining the quantity of polluting emissions emitted by a vehicle on a section of a road network |
| CN114881472A (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-08-09 | 中科三清科技有限公司 | Method, device and equipment for analyzing influence of motor vehicle exhaust on air quality |
| CN115359432A (en) * | 2022-07-13 | 2022-11-18 | 海南科技职业大学 | Urban low-carbon development management system |
| CN118230308A (en) * | 2024-03-25 | 2024-06-21 | 广东省环境科学研究院 | Mobile source nitrogen oxide emission list arranging method, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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| US20030101074A1 (en) * | 2001-11-29 | 2003-05-29 | Takeshi Suzuki | System and method for evaluating real estate and the surrounding environment and visualizing the evaluation results |
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