CN102288434B - Method for identifying slack cables based on angle monitoring during angular displacement of support - Google Patents
Method for identifying slack cables based on angle monitoring during angular displacement of support Download PDFInfo
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- CN102288434B CN102288434B CN2011101226463A CN201110122646A CN102288434B CN 102288434 B CN102288434 B CN 102288434B CN 2011101226463 A CN2011101226463 A CN 2011101226463A CN 201110122646 A CN201110122646 A CN 201110122646A CN 102288434 B CN102288434 B CN 102288434B
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for identifying slack cables based on angle monitoring during angular displacement of a support. The method is characterized by comprising: deciding whether a mechanical calculation benchmark model of a structure needs to be updated by monitoring the angular coordinate of the support of the structure based on angle monitoring and updating the mechanical calculation benchmark model of the structure only when the angular coordinate of the support of the structure varies, thus obtaining a new mechanical calculation benchmark model of the structure including the angular displacement of the support of the structure; and calculating the unit damage monitored quantity variation matrix based on the new model, calculating and identifying the virtual damaged cables according to the approximately linear relationship between the current strain vector and the initial strain vector, the virtual unit damage strain variation matrix and the current virtual damage vector, after using a nondestructive testing method to identify the real damaged cables, the remaining virtual damaged cables being the slack cables, namely cables needing cable force adjustment, and determining the cable length needing to be adjusted according to the relationship between the degree of slackness and the degree of virtual damage.
Description
Technical field
Angular displacement of support is arranged, (for example bearing is around the rotation of coordinate axis X, Y, Z, in fact be exactly the angular displacement of bearing around coordinate axis X, Y, Z) time, rope supporting structure (large-scale Cable Structure is particularly identified in the monitoring that the present invention is based on angle equivalent, for example large-scale cable-stayed bridge, suspension bridge) cable system (referring to all support cables) in need adjust the support cable of Suo Li, and provide the long adjustment amount of concrete rope, belong to the engineering structure security fields.
Background technology
Cable system is Cable Structure (large-scale Cable Structure particularly normally; for example large-scale cable-stayed bridge, suspension bridge) key components; due to the reason such as lax; the Suo Li of new construction completion a period of time rear support rope can change usually; the lax variation that also can cause the supporting cable force of its support cable after the structure long service; these variations all will cause the variation of structural internal force; safety to structure causes harmful effect; will cause the inefficacy of structure when serious, therefore accurately and timely identify and need the support cable of adjusting Suo Li to be very important.
The health status of support cable system changes and (for example occurs lax, damage etc.) after, except meeting causes the variation of Suo Li, also can cause the variation of other measurable parameter of structure, for example caused variation (for example variation of the angle coordinate of the straight line of any this point of mistake in the section of body structure surface any point of angle coordinate of any imaginary line of the every bit of Cable Structure, the perhaps variation of the angle coordinate of the normal of body structure surface any point), in fact the health status information that the variation of structure angle has comprised cable system, that is to say the health status that can utilize structure angle degrees of data judgement structure, can based on angle monitor, (the present invention be called monitored angle-data " monitored amount ", back is mentioned " monitored amount " and is just referred to monitored angle-data) identify damaged cable, monitored amount is except the impact that is subject to the cable system health status, also can be subject to the impact of Cable Structure angular displacement of support (usually can occur), also do not have at present a kind of disclosed, effectively health monitoring systems and method have solved this problem.Therefore can monitor to identify the rope that needs to adjust Suo Li based on monitored amount, like this when angular displacement of support, the method that can rationally effectively set up the relation that (specifically according to the characteristic parameter of rope, characterizes the rope that needs to adjust Suo Li) between the characteristic parameter of monitored amount with all ropes just must be arranged, and the recognition result of the support cable of the need of setting up based on the method adjustment Suo Li just can be more credible.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters:The objective of the invention is when the Cable Structure bearing has angular displacement, for in cable system in Cable Structure, identification problem that need the support cable of adjustment Suo Li, structure health monitoring method a kind of monitoring based on angle equivalent, that can identify rationally and effectively the support cable that needs adjustment Suo Li is disclosed.
The reason changed according to the Suo Li of support cable can change the three kinds of situations that be divided into by the Suo Li of support cable: the one, and support cable has been subject to damage, and for example localized cracks and corrosion etc. have appearred in support cable; The 2nd, support cable not damaged, but variation has also occurred in Suo Li, the one of the main reasons that this variation occurs is that variation has occurred the Suo Changdu (be called drift, the present invention specially refers to the drift of that section rope between support cable two supporting end points) under support cable free state (now Suo Zhangli also claims that Suo Li is 0); The 3rd, support cable not damaged, but the Cable Structure bearing has had rotation, also can cause the variation of structural internal force, certainly also will cause the variation of Suo Li.One of fundamental purpose of the present invention is exactly when angular displacement of support, identify drift the support cable changed has occurred, and identify the change amount of their drift, and the Suo Li that this change amount is this rope adjusts provides direct basis.The reason that the support cable drift changes is not single, and for convenient, the support cable that the present invention changes drift is referred to as slack line.
Technical scheme:The present invention is comprised of the two large divisions.Respectively: one, set up the required knowledge base of health monitoring systems for identifying support cable cable system, that need to adjust Suo Li and parameter method, adjust the method for the support cable of Suo Li based on knowledge base (containing parameter), need angular displacement of support, monitoring based on monitored amount equivalent based on the actual measurement Cable Structure, the identification Cable Structure.Two, the software and hardware part of health monitoring systems.
First of the present invention: set up the required knowledge base of health monitoring systems for identifying support cable cable system, that need to adjust Suo Li and parameter method, adjust the method for the support cable of Suo Li based on knowledge base (containing parameter), need angular displacement of support, monitoring based on monitored amount equivalent based on the actual measurement Cable Structure, the identification Cable Structure.Can carry out as follows, to obtain the health status assessment of cable system more accurately.
The first step: the initial virtual lesion vector of model cable system
d o (because in fact support cable may be lax and not damage is to mean difference, claim here " virtual lesion ", rear with), set up the initial mechanical calculating benchmark model A of Cable Structure
o(for example finite element benchmark model, A in the present invention
oConstant).
If total in cable system
NThe root rope, " initial virtual lesion vector is designated as cable system
d o " (as the formula (1)), use
d o Mean that Cable Structure is (with the initial mechanical calculating benchmark model A of Cable Structure
oThe health status of cable system expression).
In formula (1)
d Oj (
j=1,2,3 ....,
N) expression A
oIn cable system
jThe initial virtual lesion value of root rope,
d Oj Be to mean at 0 o'clock
jRoot rope not damaged is without lax, means while being 100% that this rope thoroughly loses load-bearing capacity, means the in the time of between 0 and 100%
jThe root rope is lost the load-bearing capacity of corresponding proportion.In formula (1)
TMean vectorial transposition (rear same).
Setting up the initial virtual lesion vector of cable system (is designated as according to formula (1)
d o ) time, Non-destructive Testing Data that utilizes rope etc. can be expressed the data of the health status of rope and be set up the initial virtual lesion vector of cable system
d o .If while there is no the data of the Non-destructive Testing Data of rope and other health status that can express rope, or can think that the structure original state is not damaged during without relaxed state, vector
d o Each element numerical value get 0.
Set up the initial mechanical calculating benchmark model A of Cable Structure
o(for example finite element benchmark model) and current Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A
t oThe method of (for example finite element benchmark model).A in the present invention
oConstant.A
t oConstantly update.Set up A
oAnd A
t oMethod as follows:
Design drawing, as-constructed drawing and the measured data of the Cable Structure in being completed according to Cable Structure (comprises that the Non-destructive Testing Data etc. of rope can express the measured datas such as the data of the health status of rope, Cable Structure shape data, structure angle degrees of data, rope force data, draw-bar pull data, Cable Structure support coordinate data, Cable Structure bearing angular data, Cable Structure modal data, to cable-stayed bridge, suspension bridge and the modal data of the bridge type data of Yan Shiqiao, rope force data, bridge), utilize mechanics method (for example finite element method) to set up A
oif there is no the measured data of the structure in Cable Structure completion, so just before setting up health monitoring systems, structure is surveyed, the measured data that obtains Cable Structure (comprises the Cable Structure shape data, the rope force data, the draw-bar pull data, Cable Structure support coordinate data, Cable Structure bearing angular data, the measured datas such as Cable Structure modal data, to cable-stayed bridge, suspension bridge and the bridge type data of Yan Shiqiao, the rope force data, the modal data of bridge, the Non-destructive Testing Data of rope etc. can be expressed the data of the health status of rope), design drawing according to these data and Cable Structure, as-constructed drawing, utilize mechanics method (for example finite element method) to set up A
o.No matter which kind of method to obtain A by
o, based on A
oThe Cable Structure computational data calculated (to cable-stayed bridge, suspension bridge and the modal data of the bridge type data of Yan Shiqiao, rope force data, bridge) must approach its measured data very much, and error generally must not be greater than 5%.But utility A like this
oCalculate strain computational data, Suo Li computational data, Cable Structure shape computational data and displacement computational data, Cable Structure angle-data etc. under the analog case of gained, the measured data when approaching reliably institute's analog case and truly occurring.Corresponding to A
oCable Structure bearing angular data form initial Cable Structure bearing angular coordinate vector
U o.A
oWith
U oConstant.
" the whole monitored angle-data of structure " is by structure
KIndividual specified point, cross each specified point
LIndividual appointment straight line, each specifies straight line
HIndividual angle coordinate component is described, and the variation of structure angle is exactly the variation of angle coordinate component of all appointments of appointment straight lines all specified points, all.Each total
M(M=K * L * H)Individual angle coordinate component measurement value or calculated value characterize the angle information of structure.
KWith
MMust not be less than the quantity of support cable
N.For simplicity, in the present invention by " the monitored angle-data of structure " referred to as " monitored amount ".
In the present invention with monitored amount initial vector
C o The vector (seeing formula (1)) that the initial value of all monitored amounts of expression Cable Structure forms.Requirement is obtaining A
oIn time, obtain
C o .Because of subject to the foregoing, the calculating benchmark model based on Cable Structure calculates the monitored amount of gained reliably close to the measured data of initial monitored amount, in the narration of back, will mean this calculated value and measured value with prosign.
(1)
In formula (1)
C Oj (
j=1,2,3,
., M; M>=N) be in Cable Structure
jThe original bulk of individual monitored amount, this component according to coding rule corresponding to specific
jIndividual monitored amount.
TMean vectorial transposition (rear same).
In the present invention with monitored amount current value vector
CThe vector that the currency of all monitored amounts forms in Cable Structure (formula (2) is shown in definition).
In formula (2)
C j (
j=1,2,3,
., M; M>=N) be in Cable Structure
jThe currency of individual monitored amount, this component
C j According to coding rule with
C Oj Corresponding to same " monitored amount ".
Second step: the current Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A that sets up Cable Structure
t o(finite element benchmark model for example, A in the health monitoring systems operational process
t oConstantly update) and current cable structure actual measurement bearing angular coordinate vector
U t .In Cable Structure military service process, constantly actual measurement obtains Cable Structure bearing angular coordinate current data (all data composition current cable structure actual measurement bearing angular coordinate vectors
U t , vector
U t Definition mode with the vector
U oIdentical).Cable Structure bearing angular coordinate current data while for simplicity, the last time being upgraded to current Mechanics Calculation benchmark model is designated as current cable structural bearings angular coordinate vector
U t o.Set up and renewal A
t oMethod be: the moment of starting working for the first time at health monitoring systems, the current Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A of Cable Structure
t oJust equal A
o.In Cable Structure military service process, constantly actual measurement obtains Cable Structure bearing angular data and obtains current cable structure actual measurement bearing angular coordinate vector
U t If,
U t Equal
U t o, do not need A
t oUpgraded; If
U t Be not equal to
U t o, need A
t oUpgraded, now
U t With
U oDifference be exactly the Cable Structure bearing about initial position (corresponding to A
o) angular displacement of support (use the angular displacement of support vector
VMean angular displacement of support).Upgrade A
t oMethod be: to A
oIn the Cable Structure bearing apply the constraint of current angular displacement of support, the numerical value of current angular displacement of support constraint is just taken from current angular displacement of support vector
VThe numerical value of middle corresponding element, to A
oIn the Cable Structure bearing apply the constraint of current angular displacement of support after, that finally obtain is exactly the current Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A of renewal
t o, upgrade A
t oAfter,
U t oAll elements numerical value is used
U t All elements numerical value replaces, and has upgraded
U t o, so just obtained correctly corresponding to A
t o U t o.
The 3rd step: set up " the monitored numerical quantity transformation matrices of virtual unit damage
Δ C" and " nominal virtual unit damage vector
D u ",
Δ CWith
D u Constantly update, upgrading current Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A
t oThe time, upgrade the monitored numerical quantity transformation matrices of virtual unit damage
Δ CWith nominal virtual unit damage vector
D u .
Set up and the monitored numerical quantity transformation matrices of renewal virtual unit damage
Δ CWith nominal virtual unit damage vector
D u Process as follows:
Current Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A in Cable Structure
t oBasis on carry out several times calculating, equal the quantity of all ropes on calculation times numerical value.Calculating each time in the hypothesis cable system only has a rope to increase virtual unit damage (for example getting 5%, 10%, 20% or 30% equivalent damage is virtual unit damage) on the basis of original virtual lesion (original virtual lesion can be 0, can not be also 0) again.For convenience of calculating, while setting virtual unit damage, can be all the bar structure health status as being fully healthy, and set on this basis virtual unit damage (in subsequent step, damage numerical value that calculate, rope---be called nominal virtual lesion
d c , be all with respect to the health status by rope as being fully healthy speech, the formula therefore must foundation hereinafter provided be converted into actual and virtual by the nominal virtual lesion calculated and damage).Occur in calculating each time that the rope of virtual lesion is different from the rope of the virtual lesion occurred in other calculating, and supposition each time has the virtual unit damage value of the rope of virtual lesion can be different from the virtual unit damage value of other ropes, uses " nominal virtual unit damage vector
D u " (as the formula (3)) record the virtual unit damage of the supposition of all ropes, be designated as
D u , calculate each time all utilize mechanics method (for example finite element method) calculate Cable Structure, appointment in front
MThe current calculated value of individual monitored amount, calculate gained each time
MThe current calculated value of individual monitored amount forms one " the calculating current value vector of monitored amount " (when hypothesis the
jWhen the root rope has unit damage, available formula (4) means all appointments
MThe calculating current value vector of individual monitored amount
C Tj ); The calculating current value vector of the monitored amount calculated each time deducts the initial value vector of monitored amount
C o , the gained vector is exactly that " the numerical value change vector of monitored amount " of under this condition, (take and the position of the rope of virtual unit damage or numbering etc. be arranged as mark) is (when
jWhen the root rope has virtual unit damage, use
δ C j The numerical value change vector that means monitored amount,
δ C j Definition see formula (5), formula (6) and formula (7), formula (5) deducts after formula (2) again divided by vector for formula (4)
D u jIndividual element
D Uj Gained), the numerical value change vector of monitored amount
δ C j The supposition owing to calculating of each element representation the Na Gensuo (for example the of virtual unit damage is arranged
jThe root rope) virtual unit damage (for example
D Uj ), and the numerical value change amount of the corresponding monitored amount of this element caused is with respect to the virtual unit damage of supposition
D Uj Rate of change; Have
NThe root rope just has
NIndividual " the numerical value change vector of monitored amount ", the numerical value change vector of each monitored amount has
M(it is general,
M>=N) individual element, by this
NIndividual " the numerical value change vector of monitored amount " forms and has successively
M * N" the unit damage monitored quantitative change matrix of individual element
Δ C"
(MOK
NRow
), each vector
δ C j (
j=1,2,3 ....,
N) be matrix
Δ CRow,
Δ CDefinition as the formula (8).
(3)
Nominal virtual unit damage vector in formula (3)
D u Element
D Uj (
j=1,2,3 ....,
N) mean the of supposition
jThe virtual unit damage numerical value of root rope, vector
D u In the numerical value of each element can be the same or different.
Element in formula (4)
C tjk (
j=1,2,3 ....,
N; k=1,2,3 ....,
M; M>=N) mean
jWhen the root rope has virtual unit damage, according to coding rule corresponding
kThe calculating current value of the monitored amount of individual appointment.
Subscript in formula (5)
j(
j=1,2,3 ....,
N) mean
jThe root rope has virtual unit damage, in formula
D Uj It is vector
D u In
jIndividual element.Vector
δ C j Definition as the formula (6),
δ C j k(
k=1,2,3 ....,
M; M>=N) individual element
δ C Jk Mean to set up matrix
Δ CThe time, suppose
jWhen having virtual unit damage, the root rope calculates gained the
kThe change amount of individual monitored amount is with respect to the virtual unit damage of supposition
D Uj Rate of change, it defines suc as formula shown in (7).
In formula (7), the definition of each amount has been previously described.
(8)
Vector in formula (8)
δ C j (
j=1,2,3 ....,
N) mean due to the
jThe root rope has virtual unit damage
D Uj Cause, the relative value of all monitored amounts changes.Matrix
Δ CRow (subscript
j) coding rule and front vector
d o The subscript of element
jCoding rule identical.
In Cable Structure military service process, constantly actual measurement obtains Cable Structure bearing angular coordinate current data, once monitor
U t Be not equal to
U t o, need to get back to second step to A
t oUpgraded, to A
t oEnter again this step after being upgraded right
Δ CUpgraded.In fact
Δ CConstantly update, upgrading current Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A
t oAfterwards, upgrade the monitored numerical quantity transformation matrices of virtual unit damage
Δ C.
The 4th step: the current health status of identification cable system.Detailed process is as follows.
Cable system " current (calculating or actual measurement) numerical value vector of monitored amount
C" " the initial value vector of monitored amount together
C o ", " the monitored numerical quantity transformation matrices of virtual unit damage
Δ C" and " current nominal virtual lesion vector
d c " between linear approximate relationship, shown in (9) or formula (10).
Current (calculating or actual measurement) numerical value vector of monitored amount in formula (9) and formula (10)
CDefinition be similar to the initial value vector of monitored amount
C o Definition, see formula (11); Cable system " current nominal virtual lesion vector
d c " definition see formula (12).
Element in formula (11)
C k (
k=1,2,3 ....,
M; M>=N) be Cable Structure, according to coding rule is corresponding, be numbered
kThe current value of monitored amount.
In formula (12)
d Cj (
j=1,2,3 ....,
N) be cable system
jThe current nominal virtual lesion value of root rope, vector
d c The subscript of element
jCoding rule and matrix
Δ CThe coding rule of row identical.
When the rope actual damage is not too large, because the Cable Structure material still is in the linear elasticity stage, the distortion of Cable Structure is also less, and the represented a kind of like this linear relationship of formula (9) or formula (10) is less with the error of actual conditions, and error can be used error vector
e(formula (13)) definition, the error of linear relationship shown in expression (9) or formula (10).
In formula (13)
Abs ()Be the function that takes absolute value, each element of the vector of trying to achieve in bracket is taken absolute value.
Because there are certain error in formula (9) or the represented linear relationship of formula (10), therefore can not be simply according to formula (9) or formula (10) and " current (actual measurement) numerical value vector of monitored amount
C" come direct solution to obtain " current nominal virtual lesion vector
d c ".If done like this, the vector obtained
d c In element even there will be larger negative value, namely negative damage, this is obviously irrational.Therefore obtain vector
d c Acceptable solution (with reasonable error, but can determine more exactly position and the virtual lesion degree thereof of virtual damaged cable) become a rational solution, available formula (14) is expressed this method.
In formula (14)
Abs ()The function that takes absolute value, vector
gDescription departs from ideal linearity relation (formula (9) or formula (10))
Legitimate skew, by formula (15), defined.
In formula (15)
g k (
k=1,2,3 ....,
M) maximum allowable offset that departs from the ideal linearity relation shown in formula (9) or formula (10) described.Vector
gCan be according to the error vector of formula (13) definition
eTentative calculation is selected.
At " the initial value vector of monitored amount
C o " (survey or calculate), " the monitored numerical quantity transformation matrices of virtual unit damage
Δ C" (calculating) and " the current value vector of monitored amount
C" (actual measurement obtains) when known, can utilize suitable algorithm (for example multi-objective optimization algorithm) to solve formula (14), obtains " current nominal virtual lesion vector
d c " acceptable solution, " current actual virtual lesion vector then
d" element of (formula (16) is shown in definition) can calculate according to formula (17), namely obtained " current actual virtual lesion vector
d", thereby can by
dDetermine position and the virtual lesion degree of virtual damaged cable, then according to below the method for narration being determined to position and the relax level of slack line, namely determined the rope and the long adjustment amount of rope thereof that need to adjust Suo Li.
In formula (16)
d j (
j=1,2,3 ....,
N) mean
jThe actual virtual lesion value of root rope, formula (17) is shown in its definition,
d j Be to mean at 0 o'clock
jRoot rope not damaged is without lax, means while being 100% that this rope thoroughly loses load-bearing capacity, means the in the time of between 0 and 100%
jThe root rope is lost the load-bearing capacity of corresponding proportion, vector
dThe coding rule of element and formula (1) in vector
d o The coding rule of element identical.
In formula (17)
d Oj (
j=1,2,3 ....,
N) be vector
d o jIndividual element,
d Cj It is vector
d c jIndividual element.
Below narration has obtained the actual virtual lesion vector of Suo Dangqian
dAfter, the position of how to confirm slack line and relax level.
If total in cable system
NThe root support cable, structure rope force data by
NThe Suo Li of root support cable describes.Available " initial rope force vector
F o " mean the initial Suo Li (formula (18) is shown in definition) of all support cables in Cable Structure.Because the calculating benchmark model based on Cable Structure calculates the initial Suo Li of gained reliably close to the measured data of initial Suo Li, in the narration of back, will mean this calculated value and measured value with prosign.
In formula (18)
F o (
j=1,2,3,
., N) be in Cable Structure
jThe initial Suo Li of root support cable, this element is the Suo Li corresponding to the appointment support cable according to coding rule.Vector
F o It is constant.Setting up the initial mechanical calculating benchmark model A of Cable Structure
oThe time used vector
F o .
Use " current cable force vector in the present invention
F" mean the current cable power (formula (19) is shown in definition) of all support cables in Cable Structure that actual measurement obtains.
(19)
In formula (19)
F j (
j=1,2,3,
., N) be in Cable Structure
jThe current cable power of root support cable.
In the present invention, under support cable original state (not damaged, without lax), and support cable is when free state (free state refers to that Suo Li is 0, rear with), and the length of support cable is called initial drift, with " initial drift vector
l o " mean the initial drift (formula (20) is shown in definition) of all support cables in Cable Structure.
In formula (20)
l Oj (
j=1,2,3,
., N) be in Cable Structure
jThe initial drift of root support cable.Vector
l o Be constant, after determining when starting, just no longer change.
In the present invention, with " current drift vector
l" mean the current drift (formula (21) is shown in definition) of all support cables in Cable Structure.
In formula (21)
l j (
j=1,2,3,
., N) be in Cable Structure
jThe current drift of root support cable.
In the present invention, with " drift changes vectorial Δ
l" (or claim support cable current relax level vector) mean the change amount (formula (22) and formula (23) are shown in definition) of the drift of all support cables in Cable Structure.
Δ in formula (22)
l j (
j=1,2,3,
., N) be in the current cable structure
jThe change amount of the drift of root support cable, formula (23), Δ are shown in its definition
l j Be not that 0 rope is slack line, Δ
l j The numerical value slack that is rope, and mean cable system the
jThe current relax level of root support cable is also the long adjustment amount of rope of this rope while adjusting Suo Li.
By slack line is carried out to the relax level identification that slack line is carried out in the mechanics equivalence with damaged cable, the mechanical condition of equivalence is in the present invention:
The mechanics parameters of initial drift, geometrical property parameter and material when one, the nothing of the rope of two equivalences relaxes with not damaged is identical;
Two, after lax or damage, the Suo Li of the slack line of two equivalences and damage rope be out of shape after overall length identical.
While meeting above-mentioned two equivalent conditions, the such mechanics function of two support cables in structure is exactly identical, if, after with equivalent damaged cable, replacing slack line, Cable Structure any variation can not occur, vice versa.
In the present invention, with the
jIndividual support cable (its current relax level Δ
l j The current actual virtual lesion degree of definition) carrying out the virtual impaired support cable of equivalence is used
d j Mean (
d j Definition see formula (16) and formula (17)).Lax the
jThe current relax level Δ of individual support cable
l j (Δ
l j Definition see formula (22)) with the current actual virtual lesion degree of equivalent damaged cable
d j Between relation by aforementioned two mechanics equivalent conditions, determined.Δ
l j With
d j Between physical relationship can adopt accomplished in many ways, for example can be directly according to aforementioned equivalent condition, determine (referring to formula (24)), also can adopt based on the Ernst equivalent elastic modulus and replace in formula (24)
EDetermine after revising (referring to formula (25)), also can adopt other methods such as trial and error procedure based on finite element method to determine.
In formula (24) and formula (25)
EThe elastic modulus of this support cable,
AThe cross-sectional area of this support cable,
F j The current cable power of this support cable,
d j The current actual virtual lesion degree of this support cable,
ωThe weight of the unit length of this support cable,
l Jx It is the horizontal range of two supporting end points of this support cable.Item in formula (25) in [] is the Ernst equivalent elastic modulus of this support cable, by formula (24) or formula (25), can just can determine the current relax level vector of support cable Δ
l.Formula (25) is the correction to formula (24).
Second portion of the present invention: the software and hardware part of health monitoring systems.Hardware components comprises monitoring system (monitoring the horizontal range of monitored amount, monitoring Cable Structure angular displacement of support, monitoring Suo Li, monitoring support cable two supporting end points), signal picker and computing machine etc.Requirement is monitored in real time or quasi real time each monitored amount, monitors the Suo Li of each support cable, is monitored the horizontal range that each support cable two supports end points.Software should the following function of tool: software section should complete the process that first of the present invention sets, complete needed in the present invention, can be by functions such as computer implemented monitoring, record, control, storage, calculating, notice, warnings.
The inventive method specifically comprises:
A. establish total N root rope, at first determine the coding rule of rope, by this rule, by rope numberings all in Cable Structure, this numbering will be for generating the vector sum matrix in subsequent step;
B. determine the measured point of appointment, give all specified point numberings; Determine the measured straight line of each measurement point, gave the measured straight line numbering of all appointments; Determine the measured angle coordinate component of each measured straight line, give all measured angle coordinate component numberings; Above-mentioned numbering will be for generating the vector sum matrix in subsequent step; " the whole monitored angle-data of structure " is comprised of above-mentioned all measured angle coordinate components; For simplicity, in the present invention by " the monitored angle-data of structure " referred to as " monitored amount "; The quantity of measurement point must not be less than the quantity of rope; The quantity sum of all measured angle coordinate components must not be less than the quantity of rope;
C. Non-destructive Testing Data that utilizes rope etc. can be expressed the data of the health status of rope and be set up initial virtual lesion vector
d o .If while there is no the data of the Non-destructive Testing Data of rope and other health status that can express rope, vector
d 1 o Each element numerical value get 0.
D. setting up initial virtual lesion vector
d o The time, directly measurement calculates the initial value of all monitored amounts of Cable Structure, forms the initial value vector of monitored amount
C o
E. setting up initial virtual lesion vector
d o Initial value vector with monitored amount
C o The time, directly measure the initial Suo Li that calculates all support cables, form initial rope force vector
F o Simultaneously, obtain the initial drift of all support cables according to structural design data, completion data, form initial drift vector
l o Simultaneously, obtain the initial geometric data of Cable Structure according to structural design data, completion data or actual measurement; Simultaneously, survey or obtain according to structural design, completion information elastic modulus, density, the initial cross sectional area of all ropes;
F. set up the initial mechanical calculating benchmark model A of Cable Structure
o, set up initial Cable Structure bearing angular coordinate vector
U o, set up the current Mechanics Calculation benchmark model of Cable Structure A
t oThe measured data of the Cable Structure in being completed according to Cable Structure, this measured data comprises the measured datas such as the elastic modulus, density, initial cross sectional area of Cable Structure shape data, rope force data, draw-bar pull data, Cable Structure support coordinate data, Cable Structure bearing angular data, Cable Structure modal data, all ropes, the Non-destructive Testing Data of rope etc. can be expressed the data of the health status of rope, according to design drawing and as-constructed drawing, utilize mechanics method to set up the initial mechanical calculating benchmark model A of Cable Structure
oIf there is no the measured data of the structure in Cable Structure completion, so just before setting up health monitoring systems, this Cable Structure is surveyed, obtain equally the measured data of Cable Structure, according to design drawing, the as-constructed drawing of these data and Cable Structure, utilize equally mechanics method to set up the initial mechanical calculating benchmark model A of Cable Structure
oNo matter which kind of method to obtain A by
o, based on A
oThe Cable Structure computational data calculated must approach its measured data very much, and difference therebetween must not be greater than 5%; Corresponding to A
oCable Structure bearing angular data form initial Cable Structure bearing angular coordinate vector
U oA
oWith
U oConstant; For sake of convenience, name " the current Mechanics Calculation benchmark model of Cable Structure A
t o", A in structure military service process
t oCan constantly update as required, during beginning, A
t oEqual A
oEqually for sake of convenience, name " Cable Structure actual measurement bearing angular coordinate vector
U t ", in structure military service process, constantly actual measurement obtains Cable Structure bearing angular coordinate current data, and all Cable Structure bearing angular coordinate current datas form " current cable structure actual measurement bearing angular coordinate vector
U t ", vector
U t Element with the vector
U oThe angular coordinate of the equidirectional of the element representation same abutment of same position; For sake of convenience, the last time is upgraded to A
t oThe time Cable Structure bearing angular coordinate current data be designated as current cable structural bearings angular coordinate vector
U t oDuring beginning, A
t oEqual A
o,
U t oEqual
U oA
oThe health status of corresponding rope by
d o Describe;
When g. health monitoring systems is started working, make A
t oEqual A
oIn structure military service process, constantly actual measurement obtains Cable Structure bearing angular coordinate current data, and all Cable Structure bearing angular coordinate current datas form current cable structure actual measurement bearing angular coordinate vector
U t , according to current cable structure actual measurement bearing angular coordinate vector
U t , upgrade where necessary the current Mechanics Calculation benchmark model of Cable Structure A
t oWith current cable structural bearings angular coordinate vector
U t o
H. at the current Mechanics Calculation benchmark model of Cable Structure A
t oBasis on carry out the several times Mechanics Calculation, obtain the monitored numerical quantity transformation matrices of Cable Structure virtual unit damage by calculating
Δ CWith nominal virtual unit damage vector
D u
I. actual measurement obtains the current cable power of all support cables of Cable Structure, forms the current cable force vector
FSimultaneously, actual measurement obtains the current measured value of the monitored amount of all appointments of Cable Structure, forms " the current value vector of monitored amount
C".Actual measurement obtains the volume coordinate of two supporting end points of all support cables, and the volume coordinate of two the supporting end points difference of component in the horizontal direction is exactly two supporting end points horizontal ranges.While numbering to the element of the institute's directed quantity occurred before this step and this step, should use same coding rule, each vector that can guarantee like this before this step and this step and occur afterwards, number identical element, mean same monitored amount, corresponding to vectorial defined relevant information under this element;
J. define current nominal virtual lesion vector to be asked
d c With current actual virtual lesion vector
d.The damage vector
d o ,
d c With
dElement number equal the quantity of rope, damaging between vectorial element and rope is one-to-one relationship, damages virtual lesion degree or health status that vectorial element numerical value represents corresponding rope;
K. according to " the current value vector of monitored amount
C" " the initial value vector of monitored amount together
C o ", " the monitored numerical quantity transformation matrices of virtual unit damage
Δ C" and " current nominal virtual lesion vector
d c " between the linear approximate relationship that exists, this linear approximate relationship can be expressed as formula 1, in formula 1, removes
d c Other outer amount is known, solves formula 1 and just can calculate current nominal virtual lesion vector
d c
L. the current actual virtual lesion vector that utilizes formula 2 to express
dElement
d j With initial virtual lesion vector
d o Element
d Oj With current nominal virtual lesion vector
d c Element
d Cj Between relation, calculate current actual virtual lesion vector
dAll elements.
In formula 2
j=1,2,3 ..., N.
Due to current actual virtual lesion vector
dElement numerical value represent the current actual virtual lesion degree of corresponding rope, i.e. actual relax level or actual damage degree, current actual virtual lesion vector
dMiddle numerical value is not that 0 support cable corresponding to element is exactly problematic support cable, and problematic support cable may be slack line, also may be damaged cable, its numerical response the degree of lax or damage;
M. identify damaged cable in the problematic support cable identified from the l step, remaining is exactly slack line.
N. utilize the current actual virtual lesion vector obtained in the l step
dObtain the current actual virtual lesion degree of slack line, utilize the current cable force vector obtained in the i step
F, utilize two volume coordinates that support end points in all support cables of i step acquisition, utilize the initial drift vector obtained in the e step
l o Elastic modulus, density, the initial cross sectional area data of all ropes that utilization obtains in the e step, by by slack line with damaged cable carry out the mechanics equivalence calculate slack line, with the relax level of current actual virtual lesion degree equivalence, the mechanical condition of equivalence is: one, the mechanics parameters without lax initial drift, geometrical property parameter, density and material during with not damaged of the rope of two equivalences is identical; Two, after lax or damage, the Suo Li of the slack line of two equivalences and damage rope be out of shape after overall length identical.While meeting above-mentioned two equivalent conditions, the such mechanics function of two support cables in structure is exactly identical, if, after with equivalent slack line, replacing damaged cable, Cable Structure any variation can not occur, vice versa.Try to achieve according to aforementioned mechanics equivalent condition the relax level that those are judged as slack line, relax level is exactly the change amount of support cable drift, has namely determined the long adjustment amount of rope of the support cable that those need adjust Suo Li.Lax identification and the damage identification of support cable have so just been realized.During calculating, institute's demand power is by the current cable force vector
FCorresponding element provides.
In step g, according to current cable structure actual measurement bearing angular coordinate vector
U t , upgrade where necessary the current Mechanics Calculation benchmark model of Cable Structure A
t oWith current cable structural bearings angular coordinate vector
U t oConcrete grammar be:
G1. actual measurement obtains current cable structure actual measurement bearing angular coordinate vector
U t After, relatively
U t With
U t oIf,
U t Equal
U t o, do not need A
t oUpgraded;
G2. actual measurement obtains current cable structure actual measurement bearing angular coordinate vector
U t After, relatively
U t With
U t oIf,
U t Be not equal to
U t o, need A
t oUpgraded, update method is: first calculate
U t With
U oPoor,
U t With
U oDifference be exactly that the current cable structural bearings is about setting up A
oThe time the current angular displacement of support of Cable Structure bearing, with current angular displacement of support vector
VMean angular displacement of support, current angular displacement of support vector
VIn element and the angular displacement of support component between be one-to-one relationship, current angular displacement of support vector
VIn the numerical value of an element corresponding to the rotation of an assigned direction of an appointment bearing, wherein angular displacement of support is exactly the angular displacement of support amount at the component of gravity direction; Upgrade A
t oMethod be: to A
oIn the Cable Structure bearing apply the constraint of current angular displacement of support, the numerical value of current angular displacement of support constraint is just taken from current angular displacement of support vector
VThe numerical value of middle corresponding element, to A
oIn the Cable Structure bearing apply the constraint of current angular displacement of support after, that finally obtain is exactly the current Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A of renewal
t o, upgrade A
t oThe time,
U t oAll elements numerical value is also used
U t All elements numerical value replaces, and has upgraded
U t o, so just obtained correctly corresponding to A
t o U t o.
In step h, at the current Mechanics Calculation benchmark model of Cable Structure A
t oBasis on carry out the several times Mechanics Calculation, obtain the monitored numerical quantity transformation matrices of Cable Structure virtual unit damage by calculating
Δ CWith nominal virtual unit damage vector
D u Concrete grammar be:
When h1. health monitoring systems is started working for the first time, directly press step h2 to the monitored quantitative change matrix of the listed method acquisition Cable Structure virtual unit damage of step h4
Δ CWith nominal virtual unit damage vector
D u After, if in step g to A
t oUpgrade, directly press step h2 to the monitored quantitative change matrix of the listed method acquisition Cable Structure virtual unit damage of step h4
Δ CWith nominal virtual unit damage vector
D u If, in step g not to A
t oUpgraded, directly proceed to herein step I and carry out follow-up work;
H2. at the current Mechanics Calculation benchmark model of Cable Structure A
t oBasis on carry out the several times Mechanics Calculation, equal the quantity of all ropes on calculation times numerical value, have
NThe root rope just has
NInferior calculating, calculating each time in the hypothesis cable system only has a rope to increase virtual unit damage on the basis of original virtual lesion again, the rope that occurs virtual unit damage in calculating each time is different from the rope that occurs virtual unit damage in other calculating, and supposition each time has the virtual unit damage value of the rope of virtual unit damage can be different from the virtual unit damage value of other ropes, uses " nominal virtual unit damage vector
D u " record the unit damage of the supposition of all ropes, calculate each time the current value of all monitored amounts, the current value of all monitored amounts that calculate each time forms one " the calculating current value vector of monitored amount ".When hypothesis the
jWhen the root rope has unit damage, available
C Tj Mean corresponding " the current evaluation vector of monitored amount
C Tj ".While giving in this step each vectorial element numbering, should use same coding rule with other vector in the present invention, can guarantee like this any one element in each vector in this step, with in other vector, number identical element, expressed the relevant information of same monitored amount or same target;
H3. that calculating each time " current evaluation vector of monitored amount
C Tj " deduct " the initial value vector of monitored amount
C o " obtain a vector, then obtain one " the numerical value change vector of monitored amount " after the virtual unit damage value of supposition during each element of this vector is calculated divided by this; Have
NThe root rope just has
NIndividual " the numerical value change vector of monitored amount ";
H4. by this
NIndividual " the numerical value change vector of monitored amount " forms and has successively
N" the monitored numerical quantity transformation matrices of virtual unit damage of row
Δ C"; " the monitored numerical quantity transformation matrices of virtual unit damage
Δ C" each row corresponding to one " the numerical value change vector of monitored amount "; The coding rule of the row of " the monitored quantitative change matrix of virtual unit damage " and current nominal virtual lesion vector
d c With current actual virtual lesion vector
dThe element coding rule identical.
Beneficial effect:System and method disclosed by the invention in the situation that the Cable Structure bearing angular displacement occurs, having under the synchronous impaired or lax condition of more rope unusual monitor evaluate the health status (position and relax level or the degree of injury that comprise all slack lines and damaged cable) of cable system.System and method disclosed by the invention is very useful to effective health monitoring of cable system.
Embodiment
When angular displacement of support, for the health monitoring of the cable system of Cable Structure, the invention discloses a kind of system and method for health status of each root rope of the cable system that can monitor rationally and effectively Cable Structure.The following describes of embodiments of the invention is in fact only exemplary, and purpose never is to limit application of the present invention or use.
In the situation that angular displacement appears in the Cable Structure bearing, the present invention adopts a kind of algorithm, and this algorithm is for monitoring the health status (relax level and the extent of damage that comprise rope) of cable system of Cable Structure.During concrete enforcement, the following step is a kind of in the various steps that can take.
The first step: determine type, position and the quantity of monitored amount, and numbering.Detailed process is:
If total N root rope, the coding rule of at first definite rope, by this rule, by rope numberings all in Cable Structure, this numbering will be for generating the vector sum matrix in subsequent step.
Determine that (the specified point of all sign structure angle displacements, be provided with for the measured point of appointment
KIndividual specified point), give all specified point numberings; Determined that (establishing each measurement point had for the measured straight line of each measurement point
LIndividual appointment straight line), give the measured straight line numbering of all appointments; Determine that (establishing each measured straight line has for the measured angle coordinate component of each measured straight line
HIndividual angle coordinate component), give all measured angle coordinate component numberings.Above-mentioned numbering equally will be for generating the vector sum matrix in subsequent step." the whole monitored angle-data of structure " is by top definite structure
KIndividual specified point, cross each specified point
LIndividual appointment straight line, each specifies straight line
HIndividual angle coordinate component is described, and the variation of structure angle is exactly the variation of angle coordinate component of all appointments of appointment straight lines all specified points, all.Each total
M(M=K * L * H)Individual angle coordinate component measurement value or calculated value characterize the angle information of structure.
KWith
MMust not be less than the quantity of support cable
N.For simplicity, in the present invention " the monitored angle-data of structure " is called to " monitored amount ".Can only measure an angle coordinate of specifying straight line at each specified point, for example measure the angle coordinate of the body structure surface normal of specified point with respect to the acceleration of gravity direction, be exactly in fact measurement of dip angle here.
Second step: Non-destructive Testing Data that utilizes rope etc. can be expressed the data of the health status of rope and be set up initial virtual lesion vector
d o .If while there is no the data of the Non-destructive Testing Data of rope and other health status that can express rope, or can think the structure original state be not damaged, during without relaxed state, vector
d o Each element numerical value get 0.
The 3rd step: setting up initial virtual lesion vector
d o The time, directly measurement calculates the initial value of all monitored amounts of Cable Structure, forms " the initial value vector of monitored amount
C o "; Simultaneously, directly measure the initial Suo Li of all support cables that calculate Cable Structure, form " initial rope force vector
F o "; Simultaneously, obtain the initial drift of all ropes according to structural design data, completion data, form " the initial drift vector of support cable
l o "; Simultaneously, survey or obtain according to structural design, completion information elastic modulus, density, the initial cross sectional area of all ropes.
The 4th step: setting up initial virtual lesion vector
d 1 o The time, can adopt ripe measuring method to carry out cable force measurement, strain measurement, measurement of angle and volume coordinate and measure.Calculate Cable Structure original geometric form data (being exactly its initial bridge type data for cable-stayed bridge) after directly measuring or measuring, the original geometric form data of Cable Structure can be the spatial datas that the spatial data of the end points of all ropes adds a series of point on structure, and purpose is to determine according to these coordinate datas the geometric properties of Cable Structure.For cable-stayed bridge, the original geometric form data can be the spatial datas that the spatial data of the end points of all ropes adds some points on the bridge two ends, so-called bridge type data that Here it is.
Set up the initial mechanical calculating benchmark model A of Cable Structure
o, set up initial Cable Structure bearing angular coordinate vector
U o, set up the current Mechanics Calculation benchmark model of Cable Structure A
t oThe measured data of the Cable Structure in being completed according to Cable Structure, this measured data comprises the measured datas such as the elastic modulus, density, initial cross sectional area of Cable Structure shape data, rope force data, draw-bar pull data, Cable Structure support coordinate data, Cable Structure bearing angular data, Cable Structure modal data, all ropes, the Non-destructive Testing Data of rope etc. can be expressed the data of the health status of rope, according to design drawing and as-constructed drawing, utilize mechanics method to set up the initial mechanical calculating benchmark model A of Cable Structure
oIf there is no the measured data of the structure in Cable Structure completion, so just before setting up health monitoring systems, this Cable Structure is surveyed, obtain equally the measured data of Cable Structure, according to design drawing, the as-constructed drawing of these data and Cable Structure, utilize equally mechanics method to set up the initial mechanical calculating benchmark model A of Cable Structure
oNo matter which kind of method to obtain A by
o, based on A
oThe Cable Structure computational data calculated must approach its measured data very much, and difference therebetween must not be greater than 5%; Corresponding to A
oCable Structure bearing angular data form initial Cable Structure bearing angular coordinate vector
U oA
oWith
U oConstant; For sake of convenience, name " the current Mechanics Calculation benchmark model of Cable Structure A
t o", A in structure military service process
t oCan constantly update as required, during beginning, A
t oEqual A
oEqually for sake of convenience, name " Cable Structure actual measurement bearing angular coordinate vector
U t ", in structure military service process, constantly actual measurement obtains Cable Structure bearing angular coordinate current data, and all Cable Structure bearing angular coordinate current datas form " current cable structure actual measurement bearing angular coordinate vector
U t ", vector
U t Element with the vector
U oThe angular coordinate of the equidirectional of the element representation same abutment of same position; For sake of convenience, the last time is upgraded to A
t oThe time Cable Structure bearing angular coordinate current data be designated as current cable structural bearings angular coordinate vector
U t oDuring beginning, A
t oEqual A
o,
U t oEqual
U oA
oThe health status of corresponding rope by
d o Describe;
The 5th step: the hardware components of pass line structural healthy monitoring system.Hardware components at least comprises: horizontal range monitoring system, signal (data) collector, the computing machine and the panalarm of communicating by letter of monitored amount monitoring system (such as containing angle measuring sensor, signal conditioner etc.), Cable Structure bearing angular coordinate monitoring system (containing angle measuring sensor, signal conditioner etc.), cable force monitoring system (such as containing acceleration transducer, signal conditioner etc.), each support cable two supporting end points.The horizontal range of the Suo Li of each monitored amount, each support cable and each root support cable two supporting end points must arrive by monitored system monitoring, and monitoring system is transferred to signal (data) collector by the signal monitored; Signal is delivered to computing machine through signal picker; Computing machine is responsible for the health monitoring software of the cable system of operation Cable Structure, comprises the signal that the transmission of tracer signal collector comes; When monitoring rope lax or damage arranged, the computer control communication panalarm to monitor staff, owner and (or) personnel of appointment report to the police.
The 6th step: establishment the cable system health monitoring systems software of installation and operation Cable Structure on supervisory control comuter.This software will complete the functions (all work that can complete with computing machine in this specific implementation method) such as monitoring that the present invention's " method of the identification slack line based on angle monitor during angular displacement of support " required by task wants, record, control, storage, calculating, notice, warning, and can regularly or by personnel's operational health monitoring system generate cable system health condition form, can also for example, according to the condition of setting (damage reach a certain value), notice or prompting monitor staff notify specific technician to complete necessary evaluation work automatically.
The 7th step: when health monitoring systems is started working, make A
t oEqual A
oIn structure military service process, constantly actual measurement (containing angle measuring sensor, signal conditioner etc.) obtains Cable Structure bearing angular coordinate current data, and all Cable Structure bearing angular coordinate current datas form current cable structure actual measurement bearing angular coordinate vector
U t , according to current cable structure actual measurement bearing angular coordinate vector
U t , upgrade where necessary the current Mechanics Calculation benchmark model of Cable Structure A
t oWith current cable structural bearings angular coordinate vector
U t o.Concrete grammar is: actual measurement obtains current cable structure actual measurement bearing angular coordinate vector
U t After, relatively
U t With
U t oIf,
U t Equal
U t o, do not need A
t oUpgraded; Actual measurement obtains current cable structure actual measurement bearing angular coordinate vector
U t After, relatively
U t With
U t oIf,
U t Be not equal to
U t o, need A
t oUpgraded.Upgrade A
t oMethod be: first calculate
U t With
U oPoor,
U t With
U oDifference be exactly that the current cable structural bearings is about setting up A
oThe time the current angular displacement of support of Cable Structure bearing, with current angular displacement of support vector
VMean angular displacement of support, current angular displacement of support vector
VIn element and the angular displacement of support component between be one-to-one relationship, current angular displacement of support vector
VIn the numerical value of an element corresponding to the rotation of an assigned direction of an appointment bearing, wherein angular displacement of support is exactly the angular displacement of support amount at the component of gravity direction; Upgrade A
t oMethod be: to A
oIn the Cable Structure bearing apply the constraint of current angular displacement of support, the numerical value of current angular displacement of support constraint is just taken from current angular displacement of support vector
VThe numerical value of middle corresponding element, to A
oIn the Cable Structure bearing apply the constraint of current angular displacement of support after, that finally obtain is exactly the current Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A of renewal
t o, upgrade A
t oThe time,
U t oAll elements numerical value is also used
U t All elements numerical value replaces, and has upgraded
U t o, so just obtained correctly corresponding to A
t o U t o.
The 8th step: at the current Mechanics Calculation benchmark model of Cable Structure A
t oBasis on carry out the several times Mechanics Calculation, obtain the monitored numerical quantity transformation matrices of Cable Structure virtual unit damage by calculating
Δ CWith nominal virtual unit damage vector
D u .Concrete grammar is as follows:
When a. health monitoring systems is started working for the first time, directly press step b to the monitored quantitative change matrix of the listed method acquisition Cable Structure virtual unit damage of steps d
Δ CWith nominal virtual unit damage vector
D u After, if in the 7th step to A
t oUpgrade, directly press step b to the monitored quantitative change matrix of the listed method acquisition Cable Structure virtual unit damage of steps d
Δ CWith nominal virtual unit damage vector
D u If, in the 7th step not to A
t oUpgraded, directly proceed to herein the 9th step and carry out follow-up work;
B. at the current Mechanics Calculation benchmark model of Cable Structure A
t oBasis on carry out the several times Mechanics Calculation, equal the quantity of all ropes on calculation times numerical value, have
NThe root rope just has
NInferior calculating, calculating each time in the hypothesis cable system only has a rope to increase virtual unit damage on the basis of original virtual lesion again, the rope that occurs virtual unit damage in calculating each time is different from the rope that occurs virtual unit damage in other calculating, and supposition each time has the virtual unit damage value of the rope of virtual unit damage can be different from the virtual unit damage value of other ropes, uses " nominal virtual unit damage vector
D u " record the unit damage of the supposition of all ropes, calculate each time the current value of all monitored amounts, the current value of all monitored amounts that calculate each time forms one " the calculating current value vector of monitored amount ".When hypothesis the
jWhen the root rope has unit damage, available
C Tj Mean corresponding " the current evaluation vector of monitored amount
C Tj ".While giving in this step each vectorial element numbering, should use same coding rule with other vector in the present invention, can guarantee like this any one element in each vector in this step, with in other vector, number identical element, expressed the relevant information of same monitored amount or same target;
C. that calculating each time " current evaluation vector of monitored amount
C Tj " deduct " the initial value vector of monitored amount
C o " obtain a vector, then obtain one " the numerical value change vector of monitored amount " after the virtual unit damage value of supposition during each element of this vector is calculated divided by this; Have
NThe root rope just has
NIndividual " the numerical value change vector of monitored amount ";
D. by this
NIndividual " the numerical value change vector of monitored amount " forms and has successively
N" the monitored numerical quantity transformation matrices of virtual unit damage of row
Δ C"; " the monitored numerical quantity transformation matrices of virtual unit damage
Δ C" each row corresponding to one " the numerical value change vector of monitored amount "; The coding rule of the row of " the monitored quantitative change matrix of virtual unit damage " and current nominal virtual lesion vector
d c With current actual virtual lesion vector
dThe element coding rule identical.
While reaching in this step thereafter to each vectorial element numbering, should use same coding rule with other vector in the present invention, can guarantee like this any one element in each vector in this step, with in other vector, number identical element, expressed the relevant information of same monitored amount or same target.
The 9th step: set up the linear relationship error vector
eAnd vector
g.Utilize data (" the initial value vector of monitored amount of front
C o ", " the monitored numerical quantity transformation matrices of virtual unit damage
Δ C"), when the 8th step is calculated each time, when in calculating each time, in the hypothesis cable system, only having on the basis of rope at original virtual lesion and increase virtual unit damage again, calculate each time and form " virtual lesion a vector
d t ", the virtual lesion vector
d t Element number equal the quantity of rope, virtual lesion vector
d t All elements in only have the numerical value of an element to get to calculate each time in hypothesis increase the virtual unit damage value of the rope of virtual unit damage,
d t The numerical value of other element get 0, that is not numbering and the supposition of 0 the element corresponding relation that increases the rope of virtual unit damage, is identical with the element of the same numbering of other vectors with the corresponding relation of this rope; Will
C Tj , C o ,
Δ C,
d t Bringing formula (13) into (should be noted, in formula (13)
CWith
C Tj Bring into,
d c With
d t Bring into), obtain a linear relationship error vector
e, calculate each time a linear relationship error vector
eHave
NThe root rope just has
NInferior calculating, just have
NIndividual linear relationship error vector
e, by this
NIndividual linear relationship error vector
eObtain a vector after addition, by each element of this vector divided by
NAfter the new vector that obtains be exactly final linear relationship error vector
e.Vector
gEqual final error vector
e.By vector
gBe kept on the hard disc of computer of operation health monitoring systems software, for the health monitoring systems software application.
Will " initial rope force vector
F o ", " the initial value vector of monitored amount
C o ", " nominal virtual unit damage vector
D u ", " initial drift vector
l o ", " the monitored numerical quantity transformation matrices of virtual unit damage
Δ C" and the parameters such as unit weight of the elastic modulus of all ropes, initial cross sectional area, rope in the mode of data file, be kept on the hard disc of computer of operation health monitoring systems software.
The tenth step: actual measurement obtains the current cable power of all support cables of Cable Structure, forms the current cable force vector
FSimultaneously, actual measurement obtains the current measured value of the monitored amount of all appointments of Cable Structure, forms " the current value vector of monitored amount
C".Actual measurement obtains the volume coordinate of two supporting end points of all support cables, and the volume coordinate of two the supporting end points difference of component in the horizontal direction is exactly two supporting end points horizontal ranges.
The 11 step: according to " current (calculating or actual measurement) numerical value vector of monitored amount
C" " the initial value vector of monitored amount together
C o ", " the monitored numerical quantity transformation matrices of virtual unit damage
Δ C" and " current nominal virtual lesion vector
d c " between the linear approximate relationship (seeing formula (9)) that exists, calculate the current nominal virtual lesion vector of cable system according to multi-objective optimization algorithm
d c Noninferior solution.
The multi-objective optimization algorithm that can adopt has a variety of, for example: the multiple-objection optimization based on genetic algorithm, the multiple-objection optimization based on artificial neural network, the multi-objective optimization algorithm based on population, the multiple-objection optimization based on ant group algorithm, leash law (Constran Method), weighted method (Weghted Sum Method), Objective Programming (Goal Attanment Method) etc.Because various multi-objective optimization algorithms are all conventional algorithms, can realize easily, this implementation step only be take Objective Programming and is solved current nominal virtual lesion vector as example provides
d c Process, the specific implementation process of other algorithm can realize in a similar fashion according to the requirement of its specific algorithm.
According to Objective Programming, formula (9) can transform the multi-objective optimization question shown in an accepted way of doing sth (29) and formula (30), in formula (29)
γA real number,
RBe real number field, area of space Ω has limited vector
d c Span (the present embodiment requirements vector of each element
d c Each element be not less than 0, be not more than 1).The meaning of formula (29) is to find the real number of an absolute value minimum
γ, make formula (30) be met.In formula (30)
G(d c )By formula (31) definition, weighing vector in formula (30)
WWith
γProduct representation formula (30) in
G(d c )With vector
gBetween the deviation that allows,
gDefinition referring to formula (15), its value will calculate in the 8th step.Vector during actual computation
WCan with vector
gIdentical.The concrete programming of Objective Programming realizes having had universal program directly to adopt.Just can be in the hope of current name damage vector according to Objective Programming
d c .
(29)
(31)
Try to achieve current nominal virtual lesion vector
d c After
,The current actual virtual lesion vector that can obtain according to formula (17)
dEach element, current actual virtual lesion vector
dExactly with reasonable error but can be more exactly from all ropes, determine the position of problematic rope (be virtual damaged cable, may be impaired may be also lax) and the solution of virtual lesion degree thereof.If the current actual virtual lesion vector solved
dThe numerical value of a certain element be 0, mean that the corresponding rope of this element is intact, not damage or lax; If its numerical value is 100%, mean that the corresponding rope of this element has completely lost load-bearing capacity; If its numerical value between 0 and 100%, means this rope and has lost the load-bearing capacity of corresponding proportion.
The 12 step: due to current actual virtual lesion vector
dElement numerical value represent the virtual lesion degree of corresponding rope, so it is impaired or relaxed and possible degree of injury or relax level just to define which Suo Keneng according to current actual virtual lesion vector, but damage has occurred actually or has occurred to relax in these ropes, need be differentiated.The method of differentiating is varied; can be by removing the protective seam of support cable; support cable is carried out to visual discriminating; perhaps by optical imaging apparatus, carry out visual discriminating; also can to whether support cable is impaired, be differentiated by lossless detection method, UT (Ultrasonic Testing) is exactly a kind of now widely used lossless detection method.After differentiating, those do not find that damage and virtual lesion degree are not that 0 support cable is exactly that lax rope has occurred, and need exactly to adjust the rope of Suo Li, can be in the hope of the relax level (being the long adjustment amount of rope) of these ropes according to formula (24) or formula (25).So just realized comprising the health monitoring of the cable system of damage identification and the lax Cable Structure of identifying.
Claims (3)
1. the method for the identification slack line based on angle monitor during an angular displacement of support is characterized in that described method comprises:
A. establish total N root rope, at first determine the coding rule of rope, by this rule, by rope numberings all in Cable Structure, this numbering will be for generating the vector sum matrix in subsequent step;
B. determine the measured point of appointment, give all specified point numberings; Determine the measured straight line of each measurement point, gave the measured straight line numbering of all appointments; Determine the measured angle coordinate component of each measured straight line, give all measured angle coordinate component numberings; Above-mentioned numbering will be for generating the vector sum matrix in subsequent step; " the whole monitored angle-data of structure " is comprised of above-mentioned all measured angle coordinate components; For simplicity, by " the whole monitored angle-data of structure " referred to as " monitored amount "; The quantity of measurement point must not be less than the quantity of rope; The quantity sum of all measured angle coordinate components must not be less than the quantity of rope;
C. utilize the data of the health status that can express rope of the Non-destructive Testing Data that comprises rope to set up initial virtual lesion vector d
oIf while there is no the data of the Non-destructive Testing Data of rope and other health status that can express rope, vectorial d
oEach element numerical value get 0;
D. setting up initial virtual lesion vector d
oThe time, directly measurement calculates the initial value of all monitored amounts of Cable Structure, forms the initial value vector C of monitored amount
o
E. setting up initial virtual lesion vector d
oInitial value vector C with monitored amount
oThe time, directly measure the initial Suo Li that calculates all support cables, form initial rope force vector F
oSimultaneously, obtain the initial drift of all support cables according to structural design data, completion data, form initial drift vector l
oSimultaneously, obtain the initial geometric data of Cable Structure according to structural design data, completion data or actual measurement; Simultaneously, survey or obtain according to structural design, completion information elastic modulus, density, the initial cross sectional area of all ropes;
F. set up the initial mechanical calculating benchmark model A of Cable Structure
o, set up initial Cable Structure bearing angular coordinate vector U
o, set up the current Mechanics Calculation benchmark model of Cable Structure A
t oThe measured data of the Cable Structure in being completed according to Cable Structure, this measured data is the measured data of the elastic modulus that comprises Cable Structure shape data, rope force data, draw-bar pull data, Cable Structure support coordinate data, Cable Structure bearing angular data, Cable Structure modal data, all ropes, density, initial cross sectional area, and the data of the health status that can express rope that comprise the Non-destructive Testing Data of rope, according to design drawing and as-constructed drawing, utilize mechanics method to set up the initial mechanical calculating benchmark model A of Cable Structure
oIf there is no the measured data of the structure in Cable Structure completion, so just before setting up health monitoring systems, this Cable Structure is surveyed, obtain equally the measured data of Cable Structure, according to design drawing, the as-constructed drawing of these data and Cable Structure, utilize equally mechanics method to set up the initial mechanical calculating benchmark model A of Cable Structure
oNo matter which kind of method to obtain A by
o, based on A
oThe Cable Structure computational data calculated must approach its measured data very much, and difference therebetween must not be greater than 5%; Corresponding to A
oCable Structure bearing angular data form initial Cable Structure bearing angular coordinate vector U
oA
oAnd U
oConstant; For sake of convenience, name " the current Mechanics Calculation benchmark model of Cable Structure A
t o", A in structure military service process
t oCan constantly update as required; Equally for sake of convenience, name " current cable structure actual measurement bearing angular coordinate vector U
t", in structure military service process, constantly actual measurement obtains Cable Structure bearing angular coordinate current data, and all Cable Structure bearing angular coordinate current datas form " current cable structure actual measurement bearing angular coordinate vector U
t", vectorial U
tElement and vectorial U
oThe angular coordinate of the equidirectional of the element representation same abutment of same position; For sake of convenience, the last time is upgraded to A
t oThe time Cable Structure bearing angular coordinate current data be designated as current cable structural bearings angular coordinate vector U
t oDuring beginning, A
t oEqual A
o, U
t oEqual U
oA
oThe health status of corresponding rope is by d
oDescribe;
When g. health monitoring systems is started working, make A
t oEqual A
oIn structure military service process, constantly actual measurement obtains Cable Structure bearing angular coordinate current data, and all Cable Structure bearing angular coordinate current datas form current cable structure actual measurement bearing angular coordinate vector U
t, according to current cable structure actual measurement bearing angular coordinate vector U
t, upgrade where necessary the current Mechanics Calculation benchmark model of Cable Structure A
t oWith current cable structural bearings angular coordinate vector U
t o
H. at the current Mechanics Calculation benchmark model of Cable Structure A
t oBasis on carry out the several times Mechanics Calculation, obtain the monitored numerical quantity transformation matrices of Cable Structure virtual unit damage Δ C and nominal virtual unit damage vector D by calculating
u
I. actual measurement obtains the current cable power of all support cables of Cable Structure, forms current cable force vector F; Simultaneously, actual measurement obtains the current measured value of the monitored amount of all appointments of Cable Structure, forms " the current value vector C of monitored amount "; Actual measurement obtains the volume coordinate of two supporting end points of all support cables, and the volume coordinate of two the supporting end points difference of component in the horizontal direction is exactly two supporting end points horizontal ranges; While numbering to the element of the institute's directed quantity occurred before this step and this step, should use same coding rule, each vector that can guarantee like this before this step and this step and occur afterwards, number identical element, mean same monitored amount, corresponding to vectorial defined relevant information under this element;
J. define current nominal virtual lesion vector d to be asked
cWith current actual virtual lesion vector d, damage vectorial d
o, d
cEqual the quantity of rope with the element number of d, damaging between vectorial element and rope is one-to-one relationship, damages virtual lesion degree or health status that vectorial element numerical value represents corresponding rope;
K. according to the current value of the monitored amount " vector C " " the vectorial C of the initial value of monitored amount together
o", " the monitored numerical quantity transformation matrices of virtual unit damage Δ C " and " current nominal virtual lesion vector d
c" between the linear approximate relationship that exists, this linear approximate relationship can be expressed as formula 1, in formula 1 except d
cOther outer amount is known, solves formula 1 and just can calculate current nominal virtual lesion vector d
c
C=C
o+ Δ Cd
cFormula 1
L. utilize the element d of the current actual virtual lesion vector d of formula 2 expression
jWith initial virtual lesion vector d
oElement d
OjWith current nominal virtual lesion vector d
cElement d
CjBetween relation, calculate all elements of current actual virtual lesion vector d;
D
j=1-(1-d
Oj) (1-d
Cj) formula 2
J=1 in formula 2,2,3 ..., N;
Because the element numerical value of current actual virtual lesion vector d represents the current actual virtual lesion degree of corresponding rope, be actual relax level or actual damage degree, in current actual virtual lesion vector d, numerical value is not that 0 support cable corresponding to element is exactly problematic support cable, problematic support cable may be slack line, also may be damaged cable, its numerical response the degree of lax or damage;
M. identify damaged cable in the problematic support cable identified from the l step, remaining is exactly slack line;
N. utilize the current actual virtual lesion vector d obtained in the l step to obtain the current actual virtual lesion degree of slack line, the current cable force vector F that utilization obtains in the i step, the volume coordinate of two supporting end points of all support cables that utilization obtains in the i step, utilize the initial drift vector l obtained in the e step
oElastic modulus, density, the initial cross sectional area data of all ropes that utilization obtains in the e step, by by slack line with damaged cable carry out the mechanics equivalence calculate slack line, with the relax level of current actual virtual lesion degree equivalence, the mechanics equivalent condition is: one, the mechanics parameters without lax initial drift, geometrical property parameter, density and material during with not damaged of the rope of two equivalences is identical; Two, after lax or damage, the Suo Li of the slack line of two equivalences and damage rope be out of shape after overall length identical; While meeting above-mentioned two equivalent conditions, the such mechanics function of two support cables in structure is exactly identical, if, after with equivalent slack line, replacing damaged cable, Cable Structure any variation can not occur, vice versa; Try to achieve according to aforementioned mechanics equivalent condition the relax level that those are judged as slack line, relax level is exactly the change amount of support cable drift, has namely determined the long adjustment amount of rope of the support cable that those need adjust Suo Li; Lax identification and the damage identification of support cable have so just been realized; During calculating, institute's demand power is provided by current cable force vector F corresponding element.
2. the method for the identification slack line based on angle monitor during angular displacement of support according to claim 1, is characterized in that in step g, according to current cable structure actual measurement bearing angular coordinate vector U
t, upgrade where necessary the current Mechanics Calculation benchmark model of Cable Structure A
t oWith current cable structural bearings angular coordinate vector U
t oConcrete grammar be:
G1. actual measurement obtains current cable structure actual measurement bearing angular coordinate vector U
tAfter, compare U
tAnd U
t oIf, U
tEqual U
t o, do not need A
t oUpgraded;
G2. actual measurement obtains current cable structure actual measurement bearing angular coordinate vector U
tAfter, compare U
tAnd U
t oIf, U
tBe not equal to U
t o, need A
t oUpgraded, update method is: first calculate U
tWith U
oPoor, U
tWith U
oDifference be exactly that the current cable structural bearings is about setting up A
oThe time the current angular displacement of support of Cable Structure bearing, mean angular displacement of support with current angular displacement of support vector V, between element in current angular displacement of support vector V and angular displacement of support component, it is one-to-one relationship, in current angular displacement of support vector V, the numerical value of an element is corresponding to the rotation of an assigned direction of an appointment bearing, and wherein angular displacement of support is exactly the angular displacement of support amount at the component of gravity direction; Upgrade A
t oMethod be: to A
oIn the Cable Structure bearing apply the constraint of current angular displacement of support, the numerical value of current angular displacement of support constraint is just taken from the numerical value of corresponding element in current angular displacement of support vector V, to A
oIn the Cable Structure bearing apply the constraint of current angular displacement of support after, that finally obtain is exactly the current Mechanics Calculation benchmark model A of renewal
t o, upgrade A
t oThe time, U
t oAll elements numerical value is also used U
tAll elements numerical value replaces, and has upgraded U
t o, so just obtained correctly corresponding to A
t oU
t o.
3. the method for the identification slack line based on angle monitor during angular displacement of support according to claim 1, is characterized in that in step h, at the current Mechanics Calculation benchmark model of Cable Structure A
t oBasis on carry out the several times Mechanics Calculation, obtain the monitored numerical quantity transformation matrices of Cable Structure virtual unit damage Δ C and nominal virtual unit damage vector D by calculating
uConcrete grammar be:
When h1. health monitoring systems is started working for the first time, directly press step h2 to the listed method acquisition Cable Structure virtual unit damage monitored numerical quantity transformation matrices Δ C of step h4 and nominal virtual unit damage vector D
uAfter, if in step g to A
t oUpgrade, directly press step h2 to the listed method acquisition Cable Structure virtual unit damage monitored numerical quantity transformation matrices Δ C of step h4 and nominal virtual unit damage vector D
uIf, in step g not to A
t oUpgraded, directly proceed to herein step I and carry out follow-up work;
H2. at the current Mechanics Calculation benchmark model of Cable Structure A
t oBasis on carry out the several times Mechanics Calculation, equal the quantity of all ropes on calculation times numerical value, there is N root rope that N calculating is just arranged, calculating each time in the hypothesis cable system only has a rope to increase virtual unit damage on the basis of original virtual lesion again, the rope that occurs virtual unit damage in calculating each time is different from the rope that occurs virtual unit damage in other calculating, and supposition each time has the virtual unit damage value of the rope of virtual unit damage can be different from the virtual unit damage value of other ropes, use " nominal virtual unit damage vector D
u" record the unit damage of the supposition of all ropes, calculate each time the current value of all monitored amounts, the current value of all monitored amounts that calculate each time forms one " the current evaluation vector of monitored amount "; When hypothesis j root rope has unit damage, available C
TjMean corresponding " the current evaluation vector C of monitored amount
Tj"; While giving in this step each vectorial element numbering, should use same coding rule with other vector in this method, can guarantee like this any one element in each vector in this step, with in other vector, number identical element, expressed the relevant information of same monitored amount or same target;
H3. that calculating each time " current evaluation vector C of monitored amount
Tj" deduct " initial value of monitored amount vector C
o" obtain a vector, then obtain one " the numerical value change vector of monitored amount " after the virtual unit damage value of supposition during each element of this vector is calculated divided by this; There is N root rope that N " the numerical value change vector of monitored amount " just arranged;
H4. form successively by this N " the numerical value change vector of monitored amount " " the monitored numerical quantity transformation matrices of the virtual unit damage Δ C " that the N row are arranged; Each row of " the monitored numerical quantity transformation matrices of virtual unit damage Δ C " are corresponding to one " the numerical value change vector of monitored amount "; The coding rule of the row of " the monitored numerical quantity transformation matrices of virtual unit damage " and current nominal virtual lesion vector d
cIdentical with the element coding rule of current actual virtual lesion vector d.
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| CN102735464B (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2015-09-30 | 东南大学 | Based on the slack line recognition methods of angle monitor during angular displacement of support temperature variation |
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